CN1259404A - Acrylonitrile reactor two stage cyclone separator - Google Patents
Acrylonitrile reactor two stage cyclone separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1259404A CN1259404A CN 99126590 CN99126590A CN1259404A CN 1259404 A CN1259404 A CN 1259404A CN 99126590 CN99126590 CN 99126590 CN 99126590 A CN99126590 A CN 99126590A CN 1259404 A CN1259404 A CN 1259404A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a two stage cyclone separator used in acrylonitrile reactor. It is composed of one X type cyclone as the first stage and one Y-type cyclone as 2nd stage which are in series connection. The 1st stage optional uses PV type cyclone with flat top structure and 180 deg. volute gas inlet. The 2nd stage optional uses PV-E type cyclone. Through optimum design of the size of cyclone, it can ensure the two stage cyclone work reliably.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of isolating cyclonic separator of gas-solid two-phase that is used for.
Cyclonic separator is an indispensable vitals in the fluidized-bed acrylonitrile reactor, and it mainly acts on is to reclaim expensive catalysts, stabilization fluid operation.Usually, acrylonitrile reactor requires to be no more than 7kPa and catalyst at inlet concentration up to 20kg/m in pressure drop
3Under the condition, the separation efficiency of cyclonic separator reaches more than 99.9997%, is no more than 0.4kg/tAN to guarantee catalyst attrition.So,, often adopt three grades of placed in-line cyclonic separator groups in the reactor at present in order to ensure separation efficiency.For example the Buell type cyclonic separator and the home-made PV type cyclonic separator of the Ducon type cyclonic separator of BP company, the other chamber of band all are three grades of cascaded structures.The problem of three grades of technology is: (1) cyclonic separator group is bulky, the difficulty of arranging in reactor; (2) the turboseparator group number that can arrange in the reactor is less, is subjected to the restriction of the suitable cross section of cyclonic separator gas speed and every grade of minimum pressure drop, and the expansion of pre-existing reactors can ability be subjected to very big restriction.If can need and with after the lifting of reactor operating linear velocity for expanding, not only cyclonic separator group pressure drop meeting is sharply risen, and causes reaction pressure to raise, and then influences catalyst activity and single the receipts, and can aggravate fragmentation, the wearing and tearing of catalyzer, also can influence the working life of cyclonic separator.
For this reason, the two-stage series connection cyclonic separator group of development of new is all being puted forth effort by international major company.According to " ChemicalProcessing " 1996 the 7th phases, DuPont company has realized a kind of two-stage series connection scheme in texas,U.S Beaument factory.Its core is: with two pattern is identical but after the cyclonic separator parallel connection that diameter is less as the second stage, be in series with a large diameter first step cyclonic separator again.It is said and to reduce the agent consumption, cut down the consumption of energy, increase catalyst selectivity etc.But this two-step scheme still adopts three cyclonic separators, and the layout in reactor is also complicated, and it is still bigger to take up space, so unfavorable to the existing apparatus capacity expansion revamping; In addition, connection has become complicated between primary cyclone and the secondary cyclone, and tolerance is difficult for accomplishing uniformly distributing.
The ideal two-step scheme should be the cascaded structure of two major diameter cyclonic separators.The group number of the cyclonic separator that can arrange in the reactor can increase by 50% like this, thereby the pre-existing reactors processing power can improve 50%.Unless but problem is to develop new and effective cyclonic separator or takes new matching technique, otherwise conventional two-stage series connection scheme is difficult to reach three grades separation performance again.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of new and effective acrylonitrile reactor two stage cyclone separator, its every performance index are identical with former three-stage cyclone separator at least, for the expansion of existing apparatus can synergy provide technical guarantee.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and an X type cyclonic separator and a Y type cyclonic separator are in series.Wherein, X type cyclonic separator is as the first step, and it can be in the cyclonic separators such as PV type, PV-E type, Ducon type, Buell type, GE type, E type any one; Y type cyclonic separator is then as the second stage, and it can be a kind of in PV type or the PV-E type.And if the second stage is PV type cyclonic separator, then the first step should be PV type or PV-E type cyclonic separator.Vapor pipe as partial Y type cyclonic separator is the bypass type vapor pipe, be to have on the circumference of vapor pipe vertically to divide flume uniformly, the angle that divides flume to be become with local air flow line is 90～180 °, the ratio of the area of the total area of skewed slot and vapor pipe end opening is 3.0～6.0, the diameter of vapor pipe end opening and separator cylindrical shell diameter ratio value are 0.2～0.5, and the ratio of the depth of penetration of vapor pipe and cyclonic separator cylindrical shell height is 0.5～0.65.Be used for being provided with on the Y type cyclone dip-leg of the second stage loosening air port, three places and linking to each other with loosening wind system respectively, Y type cyclone dip-leg is equipped with flutter valve bottom; X type cyclone dip-leg is equipped with the erosion control baffle plate bottom.During work, reaction product gas and mixture of catalysts are introduced into X type cyclonic separator, remove the catalyzer more than 99% therein after, after Y type cyclonic separator further separates, discharge again through reactor collection chamber or reactor outlet.
Fig. 1 is according to the acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention rough package drawing of two stage cyclone separator in acrylonitrile reactor.
Fig. 2 is used as partial PV-E type cyclone separator structure principle schematic according to acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention with the two stage cyclone separator.
Fig. 3 is used as partial PV-E type cyclonic separator B-B sectional view according to acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention with the two stage cyclone separator.
Fig. 4 is used as partial PV-E type cyclonic separator A-A sectional view according to acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention with the two stage cyclone separator.
Fig. 5 is the PV type cyclone separator structure synoptic diagram that is used as the first step according to acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention with the two stage cyclone separator.
Fig. 6 is the PV type cyclonic separator C-C sectional view that is used as the first step according to acrylonitrile reactor provided by the present invention with the two stage cyclone separator.
Describe concrete structure of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, during reactor 2 operations, reaction product gas and catalyst mixture enter first step X type cyclonic separator 4 through import 3 earlier, the catalyzer more than 99% that is separated by it returns dense bed behind one-level ash bucket 5 and primary dipleg 9, continue to participate in reaction under dispersion plate 17 effects.Simultaneously, product gas after X type cyclonic separator purifies carries that a spot of catalyzer enters second stage Y type cyclonic separator 7 via the outlet of X type cyclonic separator secretly and after it further purifies, and discharge collection chamber 1 back that is imported reactors 2 by the outlet 6 of Y type cyclonic separator 7.The catalyzer that is separated by Y type cyclonic separator 7 then enters secondary dipleg 10 through the secondary ash bucket 8 that gathers dust.When treating that pressure that secondary dipleg 10 inner catalyst stock columns produce surpasses the outer bed layer pressure of flutter valve 14, flutter valve valve plate 15 is opened, and catalyzer returns bed.In case secondary dipleg 10 internal pressures descend, valve plate 15 again can auto-closing, guarantees secondary dipleg 10 and 7 normal runnings of Y type cyclonic separator.X type cyclone dip-leg is equipped with erosion control baffle plate 16 bottom.
In addition, have 11 on the dipleg 10 of second stage Y type cyclonic separator 7, in 12, loosening air port, 13 3 places (pressure tap of holding concurrently) down, on the one hand, feed a certain amount of loosening wind through loosening air port on the other hand, guarantee that the secondary dipleg works reliably by pressure instrument monitoring dipleg working condition.Loosening air quantity can limit or accurately measure and control with under meter by restriction orifice.Loosening wind total amount is the 0.2-0.5% (volume) of this cyclonic separator processing tolerance, and the ratio of the loosening air quantity in three places, upper, middle and lower is 1: 1: 2.Loosening wind wind regime can be nitrogen or clean instrument wind.The dispensing of the loosening wind of dipleg and monitoring are the keys that guarantees second stage cyclonic separator normal running.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the structure principle charts of the used PV-E type high efficient low resistance cyclone separator of the present invention.Its vapor pipe 18 is unique " bypass type " exhaust structures, and it is made up of the garden pipe 20 and the Taper Pipe 21 of band water conservancy diversion skewed slot; The diameter of its vapor pipe end opening 26 is more much smaller than routine, has guaranteed that air-flow can produce very strong centrifuge field in cyclonic separator, thereby has significantly improved separation efficiency.But the too small meeting of vapor pipe diameter causes pressure drop sharply to be risen, in order to solve this contradiction, circumferentially have vertical water conservancy diversion skewed slot 24,25 equably along vapor pipe, but air-flow by chute 24,25 enters vapor pipe, so in fact, increased circulation area, so unlikely rising of pressure drop, again because skewed slot 24,25 becomes 90～180 ° of angles with local air flow line, air-flow must sharply could enter vapor pipe 18 by by chute 24,25 after the break-in, the particle that air-flow is carried secretly then enters because of inertia is difficult to follow, thereby has guaranteed that cyclonic separator has good separation performance.In addition, to the diameter of the area of the import 19 of PV-E type cyclonic separator, vapor pipe end opening 26, fluting area, and the depth of penetration of vapor pipe 18 cylindrical shell 22 in etc. carried out optimizing and mated, the ratio of separator cylindrical shell 22 and cone 23 height is 1.2～2.0; The ratio of cylindrical shell 22 and cone 23 height sums and cyclonic separator barrel diameter is 4.3～5.9, thereby has guaranteed that PV-E type cyclonic separator also has good trapping ability to fine powder, and pressure drop is lower.When being PV type or PV-E type except the first step among the present invention, the second stage can be adopted outside the PV type, and under all the other situations, PV-E type cyclonic separator must be adopted in the second stage, even to the former, also should preferentially select for use PV-E type cyclonic separator to do the second stage.And PV type cyclonic separator is flat-tope structure, 180 degree spiral case intake methods, as shown in Figure 3.It designs by cyclonic separator size classes optimization design method.This method associates to its structural parameter, operating parameters the performance of PV type cyclonic separator by similar accurate number, can under the operating mode of determining, draw the optimum size matching relationship of PV type cyclonic separator, make it be issued to high-level efficiency, and can reduce the wearing and tearing of catalyzer than low gas velocity.Because X type cyclone inlet catalyst concn height, granularity are big, general cyclonic separator all can reach high-level efficiency, correspondingly the requirement to the cyclonic separator pattern is not so good as the requirement height of Y type cyclonic separator to separator type, so can select in the cyclonic separators such as PV type, PV-E type, Ducon type, Buell type, GE type, E type any one, but preferentially recommend PV type, PV-E type.Moreover, under the condition that two-stage series connection permission total pressure drop limits, determined the optimum matching relation of pressure drop between the I and II.Because primary cyclone work is very reliable, and flash trapping stage efficient accounts for more than 99% of overall recovery, so should improve the separation efficiency of one-level as far as possible.The present invention realizes by the pressure drop of properly distributed I and II, optimization design primary cyclone.This is most important to the performance that guarantees the two stage cyclone separator.
Comparative test result:
(1) the small-sized cold state experimental results of PV type cyclonic separator
PV type, Ducon type, Buell type cyclonic separator model to diameter 400mm, under the cold test condition (normal temperature and pressure air), make performance test with 325 order talcum powder, the result shows: under the suitable condition of same treatment amount and pressure drop, the comparable Ducon type of the efficient of PV type cyclonic separator, Buell type exceed about 0.5 and 2 percentage point respectively.
PV type, GE type cyclonic separator model to diameter 1200mm, under the cold test condition (normal temperature and pressure air), make performance test with 325 order talcum powder, the result shows: under the same treatment amount, the pressure drop of PV type cyclonic separator and GE type quite, but the height of efficiency ratio GE type.As seen, PV type cyclonic separator is a kind of efficient cyclone.
(2) the small-sized cold state experimental results of PV-E type cyclonic separator
PV-E type, PV type cyclonic separator model to diameter 400mm, under the cold test condition (normal temperature and pressure air), make performance test with 325 order talcum powder, the result shows: in the same treatment amount and reach under the same efficient requirement condition, the comparable PV type of PV-E type cyclonic separator pressure drop cyclonic separator is low more than 20%; And identical as if keeping pressure drop under same treatment capacity, then the comparable PV type of PV-E type efficient exceeds 2 percentage points.As seen PV-E type cyclonic separator have efficiently, the characteristics of low-resistance.
(3) one of large-scale cold conditions simultaneous test of two stage cyclone separator
One group of X+Y cyclonic separator (wherein X is PV, and Y is PV-E) and one group of three-stage cyclone separator of imitating external current version are compared test under cold condition.Each cyclonic separator diameter is at 900～920mm.Test conditions is: treatment capacity Q=6400～9600m
3/ h, gas are the normal temperature and pressure air, and powder is 325 order talcum powder, and the primary cyclone entrance concentration is 0.2Kg/m
3The result shows:
1. the total efficiency of second and third two-stage series connection also exceeds 2～3 percentage points in the imitative external three-stage cyclone separator group of the efficiency ratio of PV-E type cyclonic separator, and the also low 0.8～1.0kPa of pressure drop.
The total efficiency of 2. novel two stage cyclone separator is external three grades higher 0.5～1.0 percentage point than imitative, and the low 0.4～0.5kPa of total pressure drop.
(4) two of the large-scale cold conditions simultaneous test of two stage cyclone separator
One group of X+Y cyclonic separator (wherein X, Y are PV) and one group of three-stage cyclone separator of imitating external current version are compared test under cold condition.Each cyclonic separator diameter is at 900～920mm.Test conditions is: treatment capacity Q=6400～9600m
3/ h, gas are the normal temperature and pressure air, and powder is 325 order talcum powder, and the primary cyclone entrance concentration is 0.2Kg/m
3The result shows:
The total efficiency of this two stage cyclone separator is higher 0.3～0.4 percentage point than imitative external three-stage cyclone separator commonly used; And the low 0.1～0.15kPa of total pressure drop.
(5) two stage cyclone separator commerical test
Commerical test is carried out on certain chemical plant acrylonitrile installation.One group three grades Buell type cyclonic separators of the former usefulness of this device reaction device, normal catalytic agent unit consumption is 0.55Kg/t.AN.(wherein X is PV to replace with novel two stage cyclone separator in May, 1998, Y is PV-E), show that through long-term industry operation statistics catalyst consumption is 0.33Kg/t.AN, two stage cyclone separator total pressure drop only is 4.6kPa, satisfies the technical requirements of acrylonitrile process fully.
Have following advantage according to two stage cyclone separator provided by the present invention:
(1) pressure drop is low, efficient is high, can replace former three-stage cyclone separator. (normal under the cold test condition Normal temperature and pressure air, powder are 325 order talcum powder), to compare with former three-stage cyclone separator, pressure drop can reduce by 0.4～0.5kPa, and efficient also can improve 0.3～1 percentage point.
(2) this two stage cyclone whole separator is simple in structure, and equipment volume is little, is not improving under the reaction pressure condition, can make the pre-existing reactors processing power improve 50%, eliminates the technical bottleneck that existing apparatus expands energy.
(3) because fine powder organic efficiency height, thereby thereby improved fluidization quality, reduced line clogging may can reduce maintenance cost.After expanding energy, because the cyclonic separator group number that can arrange in the reactor increases, the operating gas velocity of cyclonic separator can reduce, and therefore also can reduce the wearing and tearing of catalyzer.
(4) this two stage cyclone separator is furnished with perfect condition monitoring and emergency schedule, stable operation, reliable.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of acrylonitrile reactor two stage cyclone splitter group, comprise X type cyclonic separator (4) as the first step, as partial Y type cyclonic separator (7), ash bucket (5) and (8), dipleg (9) and (10), flutter valve (14) etc., it is characterized in that: an X type cyclonic separator (4) links to each other with a Y type cyclonic separator (7) series connection, vapor pipe (18) as partial Y type cyclonic separator is the bypass type vapor pipe, be to have on the circumference of vapor pipe vertically to divide flume (24) uniformly, (25), the angle that divides flume to be become with local air flow line is 90～180 °, the ratio of the area of the total area of skewed slot and vapor pipe end opening (26) is 3.0～6.0, the diameter of vapor pipe end opening (26) and separator cylindrical shell (22) diameter ratio value are 0.2～0.5, the ratio of the depth of penetration of vapor pipe (18) and cyclonic separator cylindrical shell (22) height is 0.5～0.65, and the ratio of cylindrical shell (22) and cone (23) height is 1.2～2.0; Cylindrical shell (22) and cone (23) height sum and cyclonic separator cylindrical shell (22) diameter ratio value are 4.3～5.9.
2, acrylonitrile reactor according to claim 1 two stage cyclone splitter group, it is characterized in that said X type cyclonic separator (4) refers to any one in the cyclonic separators such as PV type, PV-E type, Ducon type, Buell type, GE type, E type, and preferentially select PV type or PV-E type for use; Said Y type cyclonic separator (7) refers to PV type or PV-E type cyclonic separator, and preferentially selects the PV-E type for use; When the X type cyclonic separator of the first step that and if only if was PV type or PV-E type, partial Y type cyclonic separator just can be the PV type.
3, acrylonitrile reactor according to claim 1 two stage cyclone splitter group, it is characterized in that saidly being used for that second stage Y type cyclone dip-leg (10) is provided with loosening air port (last 11), three places, (12), (down 13) also links to each other with loosening wind system respectively, loosening wind total amount is handled the 0.2-0.5% of tolerance for this cyclonic separator, and the ratio of the loosening air quantity in three places, upper, middle and lower is 1: 1: 2, and X type cyclone dip-leg 9 is equipped with erosion control baffle plate (16) bottom.
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| CNB991265904A CN1138599C (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Acrylonitrile reactor two stage cyclone separator |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103056047A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multicyclone system capable of exhausting and shunting in fluidized bed |
| CN107737675A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oppositely oriented two stage cyclone separator |
| CN108176183A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-19 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of band devokes the tar filter and its method of work of eddy flow stator blade in advance |
| CN108237024A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-03 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of two stage cyclone separator |
| CN108580066A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-28 | 上海卓旋化工科技有限公司 | High-temperature and high-pressure wearable insulated lining efficient cyclone separator for coal gasification furnace |
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| CN101143350B (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2010-05-19 | 青岛科技大学 | Powder granule circulation whirlwind multi-level grading device |
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1999
- 1999-12-22 CN CNB991265904A patent/CN1138599C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103056047A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multicyclone system capable of exhausting and shunting in fluidized bed |
| CN103056047B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2015-06-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multicyclone system capable of exhausting and shunting in fluidized bed |
| CN107737675A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oppositely oriented two stage cyclone separator |
| CN108237024A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-03 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of two stage cyclone separator |
| CN108176183A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-19 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of band devokes the tar filter and its method of work of eddy flow stator blade in advance |
| CN108176183B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2023-07-14 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Tar filter with pre-decoking cyclone air guide plate and working method thereof |
| CN108580066A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-28 | 上海卓旋化工科技有限公司 | High-temperature and high-pressure wearable insulated lining efficient cyclone separator for coal gasification furnace |
| CN112691798A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cyclone separator, application method thereof and fluidized bed reactor |
| CN112691798B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2022-11-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cyclone separator, application method thereof and fluidized bed reactor |
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