Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method.
Background technology
Existing motor soft starter based on the thyristor voltage regulation principle replaces traditional reduced voltage starting method gradually.Utilize the thyristor voltage regulation circuit that three phase electric machine is started control, the input voltage of motor is ascending to rise gradually, until reaching supply voltage.Make voltage adjustable continuously, electric current is continuous, saves gearshift hard switchings such as contactor, relay, has reduced the volume of starting equipment, and motor is not had specific (special) requirements, and cost is low, and controllability is good.Fig. 1 has provided and has been applied to the soft starter basic structure that three phase electric machine drives.Yet a very big shortcoming of reduced voltage starting is falling of starting electromagnetic torque.Square being directly proportional of the starting torque of motor and added stator side terminal voltage reduces voltage and will seriously reduce starting torque, can make the motor rotation blockage protection when heavy duty, full load starting and starting failure.In actual applications, motor all is band heavy duty even full load starting under many environment, as conveyer belt, and crane etc.The traditional soft starter in this case, has to adopt the across-the-line starting mode with powerless, and this can produce the impact that the excessive starting current of very big harm: a. can cause electrical network again; B. manufacturing machine is impacted; C. not controlled starting can cause the failure of high capacity motor starting when overload or low-voltage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method.The present invention can solve three-phase alternating-current induction motor band heavy duty, full load can't normal starting problem.The present invention comprises motor 11, and it also comprises threephase current transformer 1, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, first operational amplifier 3, pulse transforming trigger 4, second operational amplifier 5, the 3rd operational amplifier 6, microprocessor 7, LCD 8, single-chip microcomputer 9, keyboard 10; Three-phase alternating current also is connected with three voltage detecting inputs of first operational amplifier 3 respectively through three inputs that threephase current transformer 1 connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 respectively, three outputs of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 connect three inputs of motor 11 respectively and are connected with three voltage detecting inputs of second operational amplifier 5 respectively, the 4th signal output part of threephase current transformer 1 connects the signal input part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6, the current signal that the signal output part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the voltage signal that the signal output part of first operational amplifier 3 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, another voltage signal that the signal output part of second operational amplifier 5 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the control signal output ends of microprocessor 7 connects the signal input part of pulse transforming trigger 4, the signal output part of pulse transforming trigger 4 connects the signal input end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, the data input/output terminal of microprocessor 7 connects the data I/O of single-chip microcomputer 9, the shows signal output of single-chip microcomputer 9 connects the signal input part of LCD 8, and the output of keyboard 10 connects the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 9; The internal processes operating procedure of its microprocessor 7 is: program initialization 01, detect initial afterflow angle 02, and the trigger angle that each discrete frequency conversion frequency is set makes minimum trigger angle greater than initial afterflow angle 03; Move 16 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.32 second 04,16 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.125Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 32, weave into 32 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 16 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 18th, 20,22,24,26,28,30,32 group, constitute the negative half period of 16 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; Be 56 when spending at initial afterflow angle, the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 16 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree, 110 degree, and the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the negative half-cycle is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree; Wherein minimum trigger angle also is greater than initial afterflow angle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 13 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.26 second 05,13 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.8Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 26, weave into 26 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 13 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 14th, 16,18,20,22,24,26 group, constitute the negative half period of 13 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 13 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 10 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.20 second 06,10 frequency division triggers the frequency 5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 20, weave into 20 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 10 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 12nd, 14,16,18,20 group, constitute the negative half period of 10 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 10 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 7 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.28 second 07,7 frequency division triggers the frequency 7.1Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 14, weave into 14 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 7 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 8th, 10,12,14 group, constitute the negative half period of 7 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 7 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 75 degree, 75,100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 4 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.4 second 08,4 frequency division triggers the frequency 12.5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 8, weave into 8 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 4 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 6th, 8 group, constitute the negative half period of 4 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 4 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 65 degree, 63 degree, 110 degree, negative half period trigger angle are followed successively by 63 degree, 65 degree; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Soft start subprogram 09.The present invention can make three-phase alternating-current induction motor at band heavy duty, full load normal starting, has little impulse current and big starting torque in the starting process, and has simple in structure, easy care, advantage that cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an integrated circuit structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the flow chart of program in the microprocessor 7.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is made up of motor 11, threephase current transformer 1, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, first operational amplifier 3, pulse transforming trigger 4, second operational amplifier 5, the 3rd operational amplifier 6, microprocessor 7, LCD 8, single-chip microcomputer 9, keyboard 10; Three-phase alternating current also is connected with three voltage detecting inputs of first operational amplifier 3 respectively through three inputs that threephase current transformer 1 connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 respectively, three outputs of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 connect three inputs of motor 11 respectively and are connected with three voltage detecting inputs of second operational amplifier 5 respectively, the 4th signal output part of threephase current transformer 1 connects the signal input part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6, the current signal that the signal output part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the voltage signal that the signal output part of first operational amplifier 3 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, another voltage signal that the signal output part of second operational amplifier 5 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the control signal output ends of microprocessor 7 connects the signal input part of pulse transforming trigger 4, the signal output part of pulse transforming trigger 4 connects the signal input end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, the data input/output terminal of microprocessor 7 connects the data I/O of single-chip microcomputer 9, the shows signal output of single-chip microcomputer 9 connects the signal input part of LCD 8, and the output of keyboard 10 connects the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 9; The internal processes operating procedure of its microprocessor 7 is: program initialization 01, detect initial afterflow angle 02, and the trigger angle that each discrete frequency conversion frequency is set makes minimum trigger angle greater than initial afterflow angle 03; Move 16 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.32 second 04,16 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.125Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 32, weave into 32 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 16 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 18th, 20,22,24,26,28,30,32 group, constitute the negative half period of 16 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; Be 56 when spending at initial afterflow angle, the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 16 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree, 110 degree, and the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the negative half-cycle is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree; Wherein minimum trigger angle also is greater than initial afterflow angle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 13 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.26 second 05,13 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.8Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 26, weave into 26 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 13 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 14th, 16,18,20,22,24,26 group, constitute the negative half period of 13 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 13 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 10 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.20 second 06,10 frequency division triggers the frequency 5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 20, weave into 20 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 10 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 12nd, 14,16,18,20 group, constitute the negative half period of 10 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 10 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 7 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.28 second 07,7 frequency division triggers the frequency 7.1Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 14, weave into 14 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 7 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 8th, 10,12,14 group, constitute the negative half period of 7 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 7 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 75 degree, 75,100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 4 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.4 second 08,4 frequency division triggers the frequency 12.5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 8, weave into 8 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 4 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 6th, 8 group, constitute the negative half period of 4 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 4 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 65 degree, 63 degree, 110 degree, negative half period trigger angle are followed successively by 63 degree, 65 degree; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Soft start subprogram 09.