CN1258867C - Discrete variable frequency starting system of AC induction motor and starting method - Google Patents

Discrete variable frequency starting system of AC induction motor and starting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1258867C
CN1258867C CN 200410043751 CN200410043751A CN1258867C CN 1258867 C CN1258867 C CN 1258867C CN 200410043751 CN200410043751 CN 200410043751 CN 200410043751 A CN200410043751 A CN 200410043751A CN 1258867 C CN1258867 C CN 1258867C
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degree
trigger
frequency
group
angle
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CN1599230A (en
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徐殿国
赵凯岐
王毅
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Nantong Binrui Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a discrete variable frequency starting system of an AC induction motor and a starting method of the discrete variable frequency starting system. The system is characterized in that alternating current is connected with the input end of (11) via (1), (2); the output end of (1) is connected with the input end of (3); the output end of (2) is connected with the input end of (5); the control end of (2) is connected with the input end of (4); the output end of (1) is connected with the input end of (6); the output ends of (3), (4), (5), (6) are respectively connected with the input end of (7); mutual data of (7), (8), (9), (10) is in mutual connection. The starting method has the following steps that a program is initialized (01); an initial follow current angle is detected (02); trigger angles of discrete frequency conversion frequency are set, and the minimal trigger angle is larger than the initial follow current angle (03); 16 triggers a subprogram in a frequency division mode (04); 13 triggers a subprogram in a frequency division mode (05); 10 triggers a subprogram in a frequency division mode (06); 7 triggers a subprogram in a frequency division mode (07); 4 triggers a subprogram in a frequency division mode (08); a subprogram is in soft start-up. The present invention can lead a three-phase AC induction motor to be normally started up when the three-phase AC induction motor is with heavy load or full load.

Description

Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method.
Background technology
Existing motor soft starter based on the thyristor voltage regulation principle replaces traditional reduced voltage starting method gradually.Utilize the thyristor voltage regulation circuit that three phase electric machine is started control, the input voltage of motor is ascending to rise gradually, until reaching supply voltage.Make voltage adjustable continuously, electric current is continuous, saves gearshift hard switchings such as contactor, relay, has reduced the volume of starting equipment, and motor is not had specific (special) requirements, and cost is low, and controllability is good.Fig. 1 has provided and has been applied to the soft starter basic structure that three phase electric machine drives.Yet a very big shortcoming of reduced voltage starting is falling of starting electromagnetic torque.Square being directly proportional of the starting torque of motor and added stator side terminal voltage reduces voltage and will seriously reduce starting torque, can make the motor rotation blockage protection when heavy duty, full load starting and starting failure.In actual applications, motor all is band heavy duty even full load starting under many environment, as conveyer belt, and crane etc.The traditional soft starter in this case, has to adopt the across-the-line starting mode with powerless, and this can produce the impact that the excessive starting current of very big harm: a. can cause electrical network again; B. manufacturing machine is impacted; C. not controlled starting can cause the failure of high capacity motor starting when overload or low-voltage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method.The present invention can solve three-phase alternating-current induction motor band heavy duty, full load can't normal starting problem.The present invention comprises motor 11, and it also comprises threephase current transformer 1, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, first operational amplifier 3, pulse transforming trigger 4, second operational amplifier 5, the 3rd operational amplifier 6, microprocessor 7, LCD 8, single-chip microcomputer 9, keyboard 10; Three-phase alternating current also is connected with three voltage detecting inputs of first operational amplifier 3 respectively through three inputs that threephase current transformer 1 connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 respectively, three outputs of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 connect three inputs of motor 11 respectively and are connected with three voltage detecting inputs of second operational amplifier 5 respectively, the 4th signal output part of threephase current transformer 1 connects the signal input part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6, the current signal that the signal output part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the voltage signal that the signal output part of first operational amplifier 3 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, another voltage signal that the signal output part of second operational amplifier 5 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the control signal output ends of microprocessor 7 connects the signal input part of pulse transforming trigger 4, the signal output part of pulse transforming trigger 4 connects the signal input end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, the data input/output terminal of microprocessor 7 connects the data I/O of single-chip microcomputer 9, the shows signal output of single-chip microcomputer 9 connects the signal input part of LCD 8, and the output of keyboard 10 connects the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 9; The internal processes operating procedure of its microprocessor 7 is: program initialization 01, detect initial afterflow angle 02, and the trigger angle that each discrete frequency conversion frequency is set makes minimum trigger angle greater than initial afterflow angle 03; Move 16 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.32 second 04,16 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.125Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 32, weave into 32 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 16 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 18th, 20,22,24,26,28,30,32 group, constitute the negative half period of 16 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; Be 56 when spending at initial afterflow angle, the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 16 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree, 110 degree, and the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the negative half-cycle is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree; Wherein minimum trigger angle also is greater than initial afterflow angle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 13 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.26 second 05,13 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.8Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 26, weave into 26 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 13 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 14th, 16,18,20,22,24,26 group, constitute the negative half period of 13 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 13 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 10 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.20 second 06,10 frequency division triggers the frequency 5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 20, weave into 20 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 10 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 12nd, 14,16,18,20 group, constitute the negative half period of 10 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 10 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 7 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.28 second 07,7 frequency division triggers the frequency 7.1Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 14, weave into 14 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 7 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 8th, 10,12,14 group, constitute the negative half period of 7 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 7 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 75 degree, 75,100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 4 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.4 second 08,4 frequency division triggers the frequency 12.5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 8, weave into 8 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 4 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 6th, 8 group, constitute the negative half period of 4 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 4 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 65 degree, 63 degree, 110 degree, negative half period trigger angle are followed successively by 63 degree, 65 degree; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Soft start subprogram 09.The present invention can make three-phase alternating-current induction motor at band heavy duty, full load normal starting, has little impulse current and big starting torque in the starting process, and has simple in structure, easy care, advantage that cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an integrated circuit structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the flow chart of program in the microprocessor 7.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is made up of motor 11, threephase current transformer 1, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, first operational amplifier 3, pulse transforming trigger 4, second operational amplifier 5, the 3rd operational amplifier 6, microprocessor 7, LCD 8, single-chip microcomputer 9, keyboard 10; Three-phase alternating current also is connected with three voltage detecting inputs of first operational amplifier 3 respectively through three inputs that threephase current transformer 1 connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 respectively, three outputs of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2 connect three inputs of motor 11 respectively and are connected with three voltage detecting inputs of second operational amplifier 5 respectively, the 4th signal output part of threephase current transformer 1 connects the signal input part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6, the current signal that the signal output part of the 3rd operational amplifier 6 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the voltage signal that the signal output part of first operational amplifier 3 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, another voltage signal that the signal output part of second operational amplifier 5 connects microprocessor 7 detects input, the control signal output ends of microprocessor 7 connects the signal input part of pulse transforming trigger 4, the signal output part of pulse transforming trigger 4 connects the signal input end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor 2, the data input/output terminal of microprocessor 7 connects the data I/O of single-chip microcomputer 9, the shows signal output of single-chip microcomputer 9 connects the signal input part of LCD 8, and the output of keyboard 10 connects the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 9; The internal processes operating procedure of its microprocessor 7 is: program initialization 01, detect initial afterflow angle 02, and the trigger angle that each discrete frequency conversion frequency is set makes minimum trigger angle greater than initial afterflow angle 03; Move 16 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.32 second 04,16 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.125Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 32, weave into 32 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 16 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 18th, 20,22,24,26,28,30,32 group, constitute the negative half period of 16 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; Be 56 when spending at initial afterflow angle, the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 16 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree, 110 degree, and the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the negative half-cycle is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree; Wherein minimum trigger angle also is greater than initial afterflow angle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 13 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.26 second 05,13 frequency division triggers the frequency 3.8Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 26, weave into 26 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 13 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 14th, 16,18,20,22,24,26 group, constitute the negative half period of 13 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 13 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 10 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.20 second 06,10 frequency division triggers the frequency 5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 20, weave into 20 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 10 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 12nd, 14,16,18,20 group, constitute the negative half period of 10 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 10 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 7 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.28 second 07,7 frequency division triggers the frequency 7.1Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 14, weave into 14 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 7 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 8th, 10,12,14 group, constitute the negative half period of 7 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 7 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 75 degree, 75,100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Move 4 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, its running time be one-period that 0.4 second 08,4 frequency division triggers the frequency 12.5Hz correspondence of subprogram to comprise the number of power frequency half period be 8, weave into 8 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 4 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 6th, 8 group, constitute the negative half period of 4 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 4 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 65 degree, 63 degree, 110 degree, negative half period trigger angle are followed successively by 63 degree, 65 degree; Two-phase is handled equally in addition; Soft start subprogram 09.

Claims (1)

1, Exchange Asynchronous Motor Dispersed Frequency Conversion Start-Up Method is characterized in that the program running step is:
Program initialization (01);
Detect initial afterflow angle (02);
The trigger angle that each discrete frequency conversion frequency is set makes minimum trigger angle greater than initial afterflow angle (03);
Move 16 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, be 0.32 second (04) its running time, and it is 32 that the one-period of the frequency 3.125Hz correspondence of 16 frequency divisions triggering subprogram comprises the number of power frequency half period, weaves into 32 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 16 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 18th, 20,22,24,26,28,30,32 group, constitute the negative half period of 16 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; Be 56 when spending at initial afterflow angle, the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 16 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree, 110 degree, and the trigger angle of respectively organizing in the negative half-cycle is followed successively by: 110 degree, 100 degree, 90 degree, 60 degree, 60 degree, 90 degree, 90 degree, 100 degree; Wherein minimum trigger angle also is greater than initial afterflow angle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition;
Move 13 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, be 0.26 second (05) its running time, and it is 26 that the one-period of the frequency 3.8Hz correspondence of 13 frequency divisions triggering subprogram comprises the number of power frequency half period, weaves into 26 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11,13 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 13 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 14th, 16,18,20,22,24,26 group, constitute the negative half period of 13 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 13 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition;
Move 10 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, be 0.20 second (06) its running time, and it is 20 that the one-period of the frequency 5Hz correspondence of 10 frequency divisions triggering subprogram comprises the number of power frequency half period, weaves into 20 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7,9,11 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 10 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 12nd, 14,16,18,20 group, constitute the negative half period of 10 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 10 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition;
Move 7 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, be 0.28 second (07) its running time, and it is 14 that the one-period of the frequency 7.1Hz correspondence of 7 frequency divisions triggering subprogram comprises the number of power frequency half period, weaves into 14 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5,7 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 7 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 8th, 10,12,14 group, constitute the negative half period of 7 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 7 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 100 degree, 75 degree, 75,100 degree, and negative half period is identical with the trigger angle of positive half cycle; Two-phase is handled equally in addition;
Move 4 frequency divisions and trigger subprogram, be 0.4 second (08) its running time, and it is 8 that the one-period of the frequency 12.5Hz correspondence of 4 frequency divisions triggering subprogram comprises the number of power frequency half period, weaves into 8 groups; One, triggers the 1st, 3,5 group an of phase wherein, constitute the positive half cycle of 4 frequency division voltages; Trigger the 6th, 8 group, constitute the negative half period of 4 frequency division voltages, control the trigger angle of each group respectively and spend between 150 degree 30, and by the afterflow angle decision of electric current after voltage over zero; Two, control the trigger angle of each group according to the sinusoidal rule of equivalence, make its effective value approach the sine value of this group, trigger angle is big more, and effective value is more little; The trigger angle of respectively organizing in the 4 frequency division voltage positive half periods is followed successively by: 65 degree, 63 degree, 110 degree, negative half period trigger angle are followed successively by 63 degree, 65 degree; Two-phase is handled equally in addition;
Soft start subprogram (09).
CN 200410043751 2004-07-28 2004-07-28 Discrete variable frequency starting system of AC induction motor and starting method Expired - Fee Related CN1258867C (en)

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CN1889354A (en) 2006-07-26 2007-01-03 辽宁荣信电力电子股份有限公司 Wave hopping stage variable frequency stepless voltage regulating electric machine soft starting method
CN102255518B (en) * 2011-05-27 2013-07-24 山东华特磁电科技股份有限公司 Frequency conversion method of non-ferrous metal electromagnetic stirrer and frequency conversion device for realizing frequency conversion method
CN102368675B (en) * 2011-10-17 2013-08-21 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 Dual-mode control method for initial frequency conversion starting stage of synchronous motor
CN103904955B (en) * 2012-12-25 2016-08-10 上海电科电器科技有限公司 Soft start equivalent sine frequency division control method and control device
CN103199768A (en) * 2013-04-15 2013-07-10 刘宁 Alternating current asynchronous motor stepped variable frequency starting method and controller
CN103532446B (en) * 2013-10-28 2016-02-17 桂林君泰福电气有限公司 A kind of control method of induction motor soft start and control device
CN105099329B (en) 2014-05-19 2018-04-06 罗克韦尔自动化技术公司 Quasi- variable frequency motor controller
CN104753400B (en) * 2015-04-23 2017-09-26 山东泰开自动化有限公司 A kind of high-voltage asynchronous motor frequency conversion soft start method
EP3425790B1 (en) * 2017-07-04 2021-01-27 Melexis Bulgaria Ltd. Current sensing based commutation control
CN111244897B (en) * 2018-11-28 2022-09-13 安徽美芝精密制造有限公司 Detection method, detection device, motor and storage medium
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Granted publication date: 20060607