CN1254469A - Extracting data sections from transmitted data stream - Google Patents

Extracting data sections from transmitted data stream Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1254469A
CN1254469A CN97182176A CN97182176A CN1254469A CN 1254469 A CN1254469 A CN 1254469A CN 97182176 A CN97182176 A CN 97182176A CN 97182176 A CN97182176 A CN 97182176A CN 1254469 A CN1254469 A CN 1254469A
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China
Prior art keywords
data segment
data
stored
segment
feature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN97182176A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J－C·萨尔法蒂
J·梅里克
C·德克莱克
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Canal Plus SA
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Canal Plus SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Canal Plus SA filed Critical Canal Plus SA
Publication of CN1254469A publication Critical patent/CN1254469A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Television Systems (AREA)
  • Stored Programmes (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

A method of storing at least one of a plurality of MPEG sections in an MPEG data stream is provided, the MPEG section having at least one MPEG section characteristic. An MPEG data stream is received and the one MPEG section is filtered from the MPEG data stream according to at least one MPEG section characteristic. The MPEG section is subsequently stored.

Description

From the data flow that sends, extract data segment
The present invention relates to be used to store the apparatus and method of one or more data segments of the data flow (for example MPEG bit stream) that is sent, this MPEG bit stream also comprises video and audio frequency TV data except this data segment.
Mainly be intended for use broadcast television signal, special (but not exclusively) is the appearance that is used for the digital transmission system of satellite TV system, opened up the possibility of such system applies in other purposes.One of them provides the interactivity with the end user.
A mode of doing like this is to move an application program in order to the receiver/decoder of received television signal.The code that is used for this application program can for good and all be stored in receiver/decoder.Yet this may limit very much.Preferably, receiver/decoder should be downloaded the code that is used for needed application program.Like this, can provide more kinds of diversity, application program can be updated on demand, and does not want any action at customer-side.
In computer system, particularly wherein computer system be comprised in some bigger system, when for example being used for the system of receiver/decoder of Digital Television, amount of memory usually is limited.This means that memory must be organized, so that be minimum by system's employed storage space of needed various functions.In addition, also may feasiblely visit the needed time minimization of some memory portion at least.
Therefore, The present invention be more particularly directed to (but not exclusively) only downloads to those data of the concrete needs of application program institute in the memory of receiver/decoder.
In first aspect, the invention provides the method for at least one data segment of a plurality of data segments that are used to store the data flow that is sent, a described data segment has at least one data segment feature, said method comprising the steps of:
Receiving data stream;
According to a described at least data segment feature, leach a described data segment from described data flow; And
Store a described data segment.
This filtration step makes to have only the needed data segment of application program can be loaded onto in the memory of receiver/decoder.
In a preferred embodiment, filtration step may further comprise the steps:
Stipulate at least one filtering characteristic, each feature comprises filter criteria and is used for the numerical value of this filter criteria;
This or each data segment feature and each filtering characteristic are compared; And
When this or each data segment feature during, from described data flow, leach a described data segment corresponding to each filtering characteristic.
A second aspect of the present invention provides by using above method to store the method for a plurality of data segments of the data flow that is sent, and each data segment is stored in each memory cell.
Preferably, this method is further comprising the steps of:
Stipulate at least one data filter feature, each data characteristics comprises the data filter criterion and is used for the numerical value of this data filter criterion;
Data in the data segment that is stored in each storage and each data filter feature are compared; And
When the data in the described data segment that is stored in this storage and each data filter feature are inconsistent, make that the data segment of described storage can be replaced in described memory.
Preferably, this method also comprises the step that provides such, promptly when the data in the described data segment that is stored in described storage are consistent with described each data filter feature, provides the data segment identification signal to application program.
The data segment identification signal preferably includes the memory address of a described data segment.
In the third aspect, the invention provides method according to above method storage data segment group, described data segment is sent in described data flow periodically, and described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Store first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, is downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment.
In fourth aspect, the invention provides method according to above method storage data segment group, described data segment is sent in described data flow periodically, and described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Download first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, be downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment, at this moment, the data segment quilt data downloaded section adjoining land covering subsequently that is stored in the memory cell writes, till the most last described data segment is downloaded; And
The most last described data segment is stored in the described memory.
Aspect the 5th, the invention provides the method that is used for being stored in the data segment group that data flow sends periodically, described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Receiving data stream;
Download first data segment and it is stored in the memory;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, is downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number is stored up to the most last described data segment.
Aspect the 6th, the invention provides the method that is used for being stored in the data segment group that data flow sent periodically, described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Receiving data stream;
Download first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, be downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment, at this moment, the data segment quilt data downloaded section adjoining land covering subsequently that is stored in the memory cell writes, till the most last described data segment is downloaded; And
The most last described data segment is stored in the described memory.
According to the 3rd to the 6th above aspect of the present invention, have only that needed those sections are stored in the memory of receiver/decoder in the data segment group.For example, when watching the detail list of a series of for example three TV programme that are arranged in the special time transmission, by means of the 3rd and the 5th aspect, have only four data segments of this group from data flow, to be downloaded, make the end user can begin fast rolling detail list downwards from top line in this time showing.By means of the 4th and the 6th aspect, have only last four data segments of this group from data flow, to be downloaded, make the end user to begin to scroll up fast detail list, allow the memory of receiver/decoder to be minimized like this from the most last program in this time showing.
Aspect the 7th, the invention provides the equipment of at least one data segment of a plurality of data segments that are used to store the data flow that is sent, a described data segment has at least one data segment feature, and described equipment comprises:
The device that is used for receiving data stream;
Be used for leaching from described data flow the device of a described data segment according to a described at least data segment feature; And
Be used to store the device of a described data segment.
Preferably, described filter comprises:
Be used to stipulate the device of at least one filtering characteristic, each feature comprises filter criteria and is used for the numerical value of this filter criteria;
Be used for device that this or each data segment feature and each filtering characteristic are compared; And
Be used for from described data flow, leaching the device of a described data segment when this or each data segment feature during corresponding to each filtering characteristic.
In eight aspect, the invention provides the aforesaid equipment that is used to download a plurality of such data segments, described storage device comprises a plurality of memory cells that are used to store each data segment.
Preferably, this equipment also comprises:
Be used to stipulate the device of at least one data filter feature, each data filter feature comprises the data filter criterion and is used for the numerical value of this data filter criterion;
Be used for the data of the data segment that is stored in each storage and the device that each data filter feature compares; And
Be used for when the data of the described data segment that is stored in this storage and each data filter feature are inconsistent can be in the described memory replaced device of data segment that makes described storage.
This equipment also can comprise:
Generator is used for providing the data segment identification signal to application program when the data of the described data segment that is stored in described storage during corresponding to described each data filter feature.
Above method or equipment can be used in such data flow with MPEG bit stream form, and it also comprises video and audio frequency TV data except described data segment.
Now with reference to accompanying drawing, as just example, preferred characteristics of the present invention is described, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the total structure according to the digital television system of the preferred embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the structure of the interactive system of digital television system;
Fig. 3 is presented at the arrangement of the file that is downloaded to mutual receiver/decoder in the module;
The arrangement of Fig. 4 display data segment;
Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of storage volume of the memory of mutual receiver/decoder;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the interface of receiver/decoder;
Fig. 7 is presented at the structure of the software in the receiver/decoder;
Fig. 8 shows and is used for from the structure of the receiver system of mpeg data stream data download section;
Fig. 9 shows by the arrangement of hardware prefilter byte that use, that be arranged in data segment;
The hardware filter mask array of Figure 10 viewing hardware filter and the example of hardware filter array of values;
Figure 11 shows by the arrangement of software prefilter byte that use, that be arranged in data segment;
Figure 12 shows the example that loads form;
The example of the arrangement of data segment in Figure 13 display data segment group;
The example that the pattern of following of Figure 14 display data segment group is downloaded;
The example that the former pattern of Figure 15 display data segment group is downloaded;
Figure 16 is presented at the arrangement of the data field in the descriptor of data segment group; And
Figure 17 is presented at the arrangement of the data field in the descriptor of data segment form.
Fig. 1 has shown total looks of digital television system 1000.The present invention includes the most traditional digital television system 2000, it uses the MPEG-2 compressibility of knowing to send compression digital signal.In more detail, at the MPEG-2 of broadcasting center compressor reducer 2002 receiving digital signals streams (typically video signal flow).Compressor reducer 2002 is connected to multiplexer and scrambler 2004 by link 2006.Multiplexer 2004 receives a plurality of other signals, make up one or more transmission information flows, and by the transmitter 2008 of link 2010 transmission compressed digital signal to the broadcasting center, this link 2010 can take to comprise the various forms of telecommunication link certainly.Transmitter 2008 sends electromagnetic signal by up link 2012 to satellite repeater 2014, in this transponder, electromagnetic signal is by electric treatment, be broadcast to ground receiver 2018 by domestic down link 2016 then, form that it normally has with the end user or the teledish of renting occurs.The signal that is received by receiver 2018 is sent to the integrated receiver/decoder 2020 of that had by the end user or that rent and the television set 2022 that is connected to the end user.Receiver/decoder 2020 becomes to be used for the TV signal of television set 2022 to the MPEG-2 signal interpretation of compression.
Traditional connecting system 3000 is connected to multiplexer 2004 and receiver/decoder 2020, and it is positioned partially at the broadcasting center and is positioned partially in the decoder.It makes the user can insert the digital television broadcasting from one or more broadcasting suppliers.The relevant smart card of selling the message that (that is one or several TV programme of being sold by the broadcasting supplier) is provided can be deciphered and receiver/decoder 2020 can be inserted into.By using receiver/decoder 2020 and smart card, the sale that the end user can buy with reservation pattern or each-watch-payment mode provides.
Switching system 4000 also is connected to multiplexer 2004 and receiver/decoder 2020 and is positioned partially at the broadcasting center once more and is positioned partially in the decoder, makes that the end user can be by the backward channel (modemmed back channel) 4002 and various application program interworkings of modulation.
Fig. 2 shows total structure of the interactive television system 4000 of digital television system 1000 of the present invention.
For example, interactive system 4000 allow end users by his television set from buying article in the screen catalogue, seek advice from local news and weather map on request, and play games.
Switching system 4000 is total comprises four formants:
Be positioned at the authoring tools 4004 in broadcasting center (or other place), it is used for making, and the broadcasting supplier can create, develops, diagnosis and test application;
Be positioned at the application program and the data server 4006 of broadcasting center, it is connected to instrument 4004, be used for making the broadcasting supplier can preparation, authentication and format application program and data, thereby they are delivered to multiplexer and scrambler 2004 transmits in the information flow (typically at its private part) so that be inserted into the MPEG-2 that will be broadcast to the end user;
Virtual machine, comprise run time engine (RTE) 4008, it be installed in by the end user have or the receiver/decoder 2020 rented in executable code, it be used for making the end user can reception, authentication, decompress(ion) application program and it is loaded into the memory 2024 of the work of the receiver/decoder 2020 that is used for carrying out.Engine 4008 also moves the application program of resident common purposes.Engine 4008 and hardware and operating system independent; And
The backward channel 4002 of the modulation between receiver/decoder 2020 and application and data server 4006, it makes signal can commander server 4006 insert data under end user's request and application program transmits information flow to MPEG-2.
Interactive television system moves by using " application program ", its receiver control/decoder and the function that comprises various devices within it.Application program is represented as " resource file " in engine 4008." module " is a resource file and data set.May need several modules to form an application program." the memory volume " of receiver/decoder is the memory space that is used for module.One " interface " is used to download module.Module can transmit information flow from MPEG-2 and be downloaded to receiver/decoder 2020.
Now the element of mentioning in the earlier paragraphs will be described in more detail.
Technical specification hereto, application program is one section computer code that is used for the high-level function of receiver control/decoder 2020.For example, when the end user was aligned in remote controller on the button object of seeing on the screen of television set 2022 and presses acknowledgement key, the command sequence relevant with button moved.
Interactive application proposes menu, and under end user's request fill order, and provide the data relevant with the application program purposes.Application program or can be resident applications, promptly be stored among the ROM (FLASH (erasable soon) or other nonvolatile memory) of receiver/decoder 2020, perhaps can be broadcasted and download among the RAM or FASH memory of receiver/decoder 2020.
The example of application program is :-
The initialization application program.Receiver/decoder 2020 is equipped with a resident initialization application program, and it is module collection applicatory (after this this project is being prescribed in more detail), makes receiver/decoder 2020 can be operated under the MPEG-2 environment immediately.This application program provides the characteristic of core, and it can be broadcasted supplier's correction if necessary.It also is provided at the interface between the application program of resident applications and download.
Start application program.Starting application program can allow any application program (download or reside) to move on receiver/decoder 2020.This application program plays the effect of the boot of carrying out in order to start application program when a kind of business arrives.Start-up routine is downloaded among the RAM, so it can easily be updated.Available interactive application can dispose like this, so that can be right after after download or load selected later in advance and moving on each channel.Under the situation of loading in advance, application program is loaded onto in the memory 2024, is activated by startup when needs.
Program guide.Program guide is an interactive application, and it provides relevant programmed sufficient information.For example, it can provide, such as, the information of the TV programme in a relevant week that on each channel of Digital Television set (bouquet), provides.By pressing a key on the remote controller 2026, the end user inserts an addible screen, overlaps above the incident shown on the screen of television set 2022.This can add screen is a browser, and it provides the current and information next incident of each channel of relevant Digital Television.By pressing another key of remote controller 2026, the end user inserts an application program, and it is presented at the information detail list of the incident in the week.The end user is search events and with simple criterion with customization these incidents of classifying also.The end user also can directly insert selected channel.
Watch the application program of paying at every turn.Watch paying (PPV) application program is available interactive service on each PPV channel of the digital TV set that combines with conditional access system 3000 at every turn.The end user can insert application program by using TV guide or channel browser.In addition, as long as detect the PPV item on the PPV channel, application program just begins automatically.Then, the end user can buy current item by his sub-smart card 3020 or by the communication server 3022 (using modulator-demodulator, phone and DTMF code, MINITEL etc.).Application program can be to reside among the ROM of receiver/decoder 2020, or can download among the RAM of decoder 2020.
PC down load application program.According to request, the end user can come downloading computer software by using PC down load application program.
The magazine browser application.The magazine browser application comprises the periodic video image broadcasting by the guiding of the button on screen by the end user.
The quiz application program.The quiz application program is preferably synchronous with broadcasting quiz program.For example, the more options problem is displayed on the screen of TV 2022, and the user can be by the 2026 selection answers that use a teleswitch.Whether the quiz application program can notify user's answer correct, and the counting that keeps user's mark.
The TV shopping application program.In an example of TV shopping application program, supply the order of the goods of sale to be sent to receiver/decoder 2020, and be displayed on the TV 2022.By using a teleswitch, the user can select the detailed programs that will buy.Can be according to the instruction that the credit card account in the card reader 4036 that injects receiver/decoder 2020 is kept accounts, the order of the article backward channel 4002 by modulation is sent to TV shopping application program and data server 4006 or sends the individual pins sale system that a telephone number has been downloaded to receiver/decoder to.
The TV bank business application.In an example of TV bank business application, the user is inserted into bank card in the card reader 4036 of receiver/decoder 2020.Receiver/decoder 2020 is stored in bank card by use or is stored in telephone number in the receiver/decoder, dial in to user's bank, then, application program provides by the number of 2026 facilities of selecting that uses a teleswitch, and downloads account's advice of settlement, shifts fund between the account, asks cheque book etc. by telephone wire so that for example be used for.
The Internet-browser application program.Survey in the Internet and to look in the example of device application program, by the instruction of 2026 inputs that use a teleswitch from the user, for example, the webpage with specific URL is watched in request, and these instructions are sent to application and data server 4006 by the backward channel 4002 of modulation.Suitable webpage is included among the signal that sends from the broadcasting center then, and by receiver/decoder 2020 by up link 2012, transponder 2014, receive with down link 2016, and be displayed on the TV 2022.
Application program is stored in the Memory Storage Unit of receiver/decoder 2020, and is presented as resource file.Resource file comprises Drawing Object instruction book meta file, variable module unit file, command sequence file, application file and data file.
Drawing Object instruction book meta file is described screen, i.e. the man-machine interface of application program.Variable module unit file description is by the application program data structure operable.The processing operation of command sequence file description application program.Application file is provided for the input point of application program.
The application program of Gou Chenging can be used data file by this way, for example, and icon library file, image file, character font file, color table lattice file and ASCII text file.Interactive application also can obtain online data by carrying out input and/or exporting.
4008 those resource files that it was needed in preset time of engine are loaded into memory.These resource files are to be read out from Drawing Object instruction book meta file, command sequence file and application file; Variable module unit file is to be stored in memory after the calling of the program that is used for loading module, and keeps being locked in wherein, till the particular invocation of making the program that is used to remove module.
With reference to Fig. 3, module 4010 (for example TV shopping module) is one group of resource file and data, and it comprises following content:
Single application file 4012;
Undetermined number purpose Drawing Object instruction book meta file 4014;
Undetermined number purpose variable module unit file 4016;
Undetermined number purpose command sequence file 4018; And
In appropriate circumstances, data file 4020, for example icon library file, image file, character type file, color table lattice file and ASCII text file.
In mpeg data stream, each module comprises one group of mpeg table lattice.Each mpeg table lattice can be formatted as a plurality of data segments.In mpeg data stream, each section has many " sizes " to 4 kilobytes.For example, transmit for the data by serial and parallel port, module similarly is divided into form and data segment, and the size of data segment changes with transfer medium.
Module is to transmit with the form of the typically packet of 188 bytes in various types of data flow in mpeg data stream, and this is video data stream, audio data stream and TV character broadcast data stream for example.The front of each grouping is the packet identification number (PID) of 13 bits, and each grouping that transmits in mpeg data stream has a PID.The program table of comparisons (pmt table) comprises the detail list of different data flow, and it stipulates the content of each data flow according to each PID.PID can point out a device: have application program in data flow, PID is identified by using pmt table.
With reference to Fig. 4, each data segment 4300 typically comprises with inferior segment:
Table I D (TID) 4302 is in the initiating terminal of data segment 4300, typically has the size of 1 byte;
Data segment, length identifier 4302 typically has the size of 2 bytes;
The segment number sign indicating number (SN) 4306 (for example, 1) of this data segment in the form, this SN typically has the size of 1 byte;
The sum of data segment (LSN) 4308 (for example, 3) in this form, LSN typically has the size of 1 byte;
TID expands 4310, typically has the size of 2 bytes;
Exclusive data 4312; And
The CRC 4314 of data segment 4300.The purposes of CRC 4314 is all bytes in the check data section 4300; If CRC 4314 is relevant with all data in the past, then data segment is received 2020 acceptance of machine/decoder.Similarly, special data area 4312 can be included in the end of data field, the MD5 signature that calculates of the contents before all of this district 4312 certainly.
Aspect the data that receive by the serial or parallel interface, the data segment district can change; Typically, the data segment that receives of any interface by above-mentioned interface comprises the data volume that reduces in the data field 4302 to 4310 and does not have CRC 4314.
For specific modules/form, all data segments of forming this form have identical TID4302 and identical TID expansion 4310.For specific application program, all forms of forming application program have identical TID, but have each different TID expansions.
From MPEG bit stream access module 4010, need be used for the PID and the module directory of module for for example.This catalogue is only listed module 4010, and it can be downloaded from carrier signal.In case this catalogue is downloaded, just might make application program download one or more modules 4010.
The notion of module 4010 allows easy valuation application program together with the notion of the code of downloading small pieces.They can be used as permanent FLASH (erasable soon) memory that resident software is downloaded to receiver/decoder 2020, or are broadcasted, so that only be downloaded to when the end user needs among the RAM of decoder 2020.
The memory volume is the memory space that is used for module 4010.Such memory space is arranged in the memory 2024 of receiver/decoder 2020.With reference to Fig. 5, memory 2024 typically is divided into RAM volume 4022, FLASH volume 4024 and ROM volume 4026.Memory also can be divided into the memory volume relevant with various interface, by these interfaces, module can be downloaded to receiver/decoder 2020, for example, be used to store the MPEG volume of the module of downloading from the MPEG bit stream and be used to store the serial volume of the module that receives by serial line interface.
RAM volume 4022 is divided into a zone that is dedicated to firmware again, a working space that is used for engine 4008 and buffer.The nonvolatile memory of FLASH and other can be access in by the device management person by application program or engine itself.
Each volume comprises a series of module 4010, and each module 4010 comprises a series of file 4012,4014,4016,4018,4020.Might have two files, but they may be arranged in different modules with same name.For example, the version of application program typically is stored in the ROM volume 4026, and nearer version can be downloaded in the FLASH volume 4024, so that replace being stored in version in the ROM volume with being stored in version in the FLASH volume 4024.The content of file can be compressed with the LZW form, yet because the decompress(ion) of file cost certain time interval, they can be received in the mode of decompress(ion).
The physical interface of receiver/decoder 2020 is used for data download.With reference to Fig. 6, receiver/decoder 2020 comprises for example medium of six downloads; Mpeg information stream tuner 4028, serial line interface 4030, parallel interface 4032, modulator-demodulator 4034 and two card reader 4036.
Because the multiple source of application program and a plurality of manufacturings source of receiver/decoder 2020, importantly, on each receiver/decoder, show an application program in an identical manner, and each receiver/decoder should be carried out each application program in identical correct mode.With reference to Fig. 7, receiver/decoder 2020 is included in run time engine 4008 and the common application DLL (dynamic link library) of moving under the control of microprocessor 4054.They are installed in each receiver/decoder 2020, so that all receiver/decoders 2020 it seems it is identical from application program.
Fig. 7 has shown the structure of 4056 the receiver/decoder 2020 of being used to run application.Virtual machine 4007 executive utilities 4056, it can comprise application program 4056 ' that is directly coupled to virtual machine or the application program 4056 that is downloaded to receiver/decoder 2020 from mpeg data stream ".Run time engine 4008 is display graphics and text also, calls to be used for professional device, receives " incident " and is used for the function in the storehouse 4058 of specific calculating.
With reference to Fig. 7, about application program, the function of decoder 2020 " is seen " as device 4060.So receiver/decoder 2020 may have the function that Any Application is not seen.
Device 4060 comprises the logic device unit, and it can be corresponding to the physical interface 4064 of parts 4062 or hardware 4066.Such device is called as " low level device " 4068.The output of such device 4068 can be connected at least one device driver 4070, is used for the logical signal by device 4068 outputs is for conversion into driving hardware interface 4064 needed signals.Replacedly, device 4068 itself can drive the parts or the interface of receiver/decoder 2020, and just, the output of device is directly connected to hardware 4066.
The example of low level device 4068 is described below.
The LCARD device make calling program can be comprised in a smart card communications in the smart card reader 4036, and the RCARD device make calling program can with the smart card communications that is comprised in another smart card reader 4036.For example, these devices make calling program can read the state of card, read the history of card and send input message to this card.If also resetting take out about the insertion that blocks, from card reader that card and program are not asked in card reader then card, device is notified to program.LCARD and RCARD device for for operation this to block employed agreement specific.Typically, use the IS07816 agreement.
The SCTV device makes calling program can check and dispose rabbet joint type (scart) outlet of television set 2022.For example, this device can start a program so that ask the information of the sound characteristic of relevant rabbet joint type outlet, carries out " noise elimination " and the RGB level of dynamically programming of sound.
TUNER (tuner) device makes calling program can use tuner 4028.For example, device makes calling program can begin to carry out scanning from the minimum frequency or the current frequency of tuner, read tuner parameter and programming tuner.
SERIAL (serial) device makes the calling program can be by serial link and devices communicating, and PARALLET (walking abreast) device makes the calling program can be by parallel link and devices communicating.For example, these devices make calling program can the link by separately send message and the reception notification program of message by this link.
MODEM (modulator-demodulator) device allows the receiver decoder to support that by the half-duplex modem of inside V23 communicates by letter with data service.MODEM device request dialing, send a message to data server and be disconnected to connection, the notification message of modulator-demodulator reception, detect wrong and lose or detected carrier.
The far end device of carrying out at remote location can be any local device, but must prescribed port and agreement.
Except " low level device ", receiver/decoder 2020 also can comprise " higher-level device " 4072, the operation of its receiver control/decoder 2020.
For the data segment that is loaded from mpeg data stream, device that is called as " MLOAD device " 4072 allows application programs to remove to load MPEG section, mpeg table lattice or corresponding to the MPEG section group of hardware and software filter criteria completely.
With reference to Fig. 8, electromagnetic signal is received machine 2018 and receives and be sent to MPEG tuner 4028.Tuner typically scans a frequency range, and only just stops when carrier frequency is in this scope detecting.The signal of Jian Ceing is sent to demodulator 4500 like this, and its restituted signal also sends to multichannel coupler 4502 to them.Multichannel coupler 4502 is connected to MPEG chip 4504, and the latter is connected to television set 2022 again.Multichannel coupler 4502 also is connected to hardware filter 4506, and the latter typically provides nearly 32 outputs, and they are connected to the RAM volume 4022 of receiver/decoder 2020.
The electromagnetic signal that is received by multichannel coupler 4502 comprises the data flow of a plurality of packets, and this typically comprises video packet data stream, audio packet data flow, teletext broadcasting packet data streams and is used for subtitle packet data streams by the business that the supplier provided of broadcasting.These data flow are by multichannel coupler 4502 taps, and are sent to MPEG chip 4504, are used to be decoded into the signal that is used for television set 2022.
Relevant application's data grouping is sent to hardware filter 4506.With reference to Fig. 9, hardware filter or prefilter 4506 utilize the data segment 4508 of the 8 one or more general bytes of data flow, be offset byte 0 (4510) and skew byte 3 to 9 (4512) typically, so that leach data segment from data flow, these bytes comprise TID 4302, data segment number 4306, the most last data segment number 4308 and the TID expansion 4310 of MPEG section 4508.
In order to stipulate hardware prefilter feature, applications specify consider which bit of data segment 4508 and the desired value of selected bit.Therefore, hardware prefilter 4506 comprises filter mask array 4514 and filter array of values 4516, has shown the example of each array on Figure 10.On Figure 10, bit 4518,4520 and 4522 is to use filter mask 4514 selecteed, and each the numerical value that is respectively these bits of 0,1,0 is to use filter numerical value 4516 to select.By those filter criteria, mpeg data section 4524 will be output to the buffer of the RAM 4022 of receiver/decoder 2020, and mpeg data section 4526 does not output to buffer.
Hardware prefilter 4506 is by means of multichannel coupler chip operation, and processor power in primary processor avoids waste.
Microprocessor can utilize the RAM 4022 of receiver/decoder 2020, and data segment is stored as software filter 4526 therein.By means of software filter 4526, which section that might select to be loaded into each data segment in the buffer of RAM volume 4022 is put in the application program is gone.
The principle that software filters is identical with the principle of hardware filtering.Software filter 4526 typically uses 8 bytes 4528 in succession of the data in the mpeg data section 4508.As shown in figure 11, the position of first byte 4530 of these 8 bytes in succession is defined as a skew 4532 based on first byte 4510 in the data segment 4508.
If the data that are stored in the mpeg data section after loading by hardware filter do not meet the criterion that software filters, the buffer that then wherein stores the mpeg data section can be used to load another mpeg data section.
In order to load the mpeg data section from mpeg data stream, the MLOAD device typically provides following information:
Will be from the PID of the data flow of wherein finding out the mpeg data section;
Go the data array of scrambler, it comprises a plurality of PID ECM that are used to scrambler PID;
Operator's reference, its identification will be used the specific ECM of the scrambler PID that makes a return journey;
The hardware filter array of values that is employed;
The hardware filter mask array that is employed;
The software filter offset array that is employed;
The software filter array of values that is employed;
The software filter mask array that is employed;
The maximum-norm of data segment (nearly 4096 bytes); And
Timing function determines device should wait for how long coming loading data section, data segment group or form.
When the maximum-norm of pointing out data segment was 512 bytes, the size of data segment can not surpass 512 bytes.
Data segment all is loaded onto in the buffer of the RAM volume 4022 that is distributed by device simultaneously.When data segment was loaded, if it meets the software filter criteria, then device should discharge multichannel tap route, and by " incident " notification application, this incident comprises reports on the implementation and comprises the address of the buffer of data segment.After loading, the address of the buffer of data segment by wherein storing data segment is discerned.
When form will be loaded, device also was equipped with TID 4302.Each data segment of form all is loaded onto in each buffer into its distribution simultaneously.Yet it is not important taking to place data segment end-to-endly and loading form with the data segment order.When each data segment of form is loaded, but this data segment of device notification application, form is loaded.Replacedly or additionally, device can be by an event notification applications program: whole form successfully is loaded in the buffer into its distribution.
With reference to Figure 12, form typically is loaded (just to for simplicity, omitting the explanation that software filters) in following mode:
Step 1: regulation hardware filter mask array 4534 and hardware filter array of values 4536;
Step 2: load first data segment 4538 corresponding to hardware (and software) filter;
Step 3: the numerical value of the LSN 4540 of sense data section 4538, with the data segment number determining to be loaded (=LSN+1) and according to the numerical value of LSN 4530 change hardware filter mask array 4534 and hardware filter array of values 4536;
Step 4 to 6: the numerical value according to TID and LSN loads remaining data segment 4542,4544 and 4546, and sends an incident to application program.
Form only loads when the incident of represent successfully download is imported in the formation of run time engine 4006 and just finishes.Before this incident was placed in the engine formation, the interruption that form loads should be successful.
After form was loaded, this form used the name of distributing to it by application program when form is downloaded in request to discern.
The information of mode that relevant form is stored in the memory of receiver/decoder 2020 can visit by an invocation step, and this invocation step is returned the descriptor of a form.Figure 17 has shown the example of such descriptor.Descriptor 4700 comprises a district 4702 that includes the sum (LSN+1) of the data segment in the form, with a series of buffers 4704 that include data segment 4538,4542,4544 and 4546, these data segments are formed this form, data segment 4544 from SN with " 0 ", be data segment 4546 then with the SN of " 1 ", or the like, up to the data segment 4542 that has corresponding to the SN of LSN.
The data segment group comprises all data segments corresponding to the hardware and software filter criteria.Data segment periodically appears in the mpeg data stream.
With reference to Figure 13, a group 4548 is delimited by two data segments: first data segment (SDG) 4550 and the most last data segment (SFG) 4552, its each data segment are corresponding to each filter criteria, and the data segment of other of this group (SG) 4554 is in the middle of them.
Each data segment that loads a group can be undertaken by using two different loading patterns.
Under " pattern of following ", can load the data segment 4554 of closelying follow at the predetermined number of SDG 4550 back.For every type data segment (SDG, SG, SFG), application program can be discerned TID, hardware filter, software filter and maximum data segment length.
With reference to Figure 14, install preferably at first application hardware and software filter criteria, thereby make only download and storage SDG 4550.This has been avoided the SG 4554 of the redundancy in the buffer of the RAM memory volume 4022 of loading receiver/decoder 2020 before loading SDG 4550.After detection, SDG 4550 is stored in memory cell or the buffer 4556.Then, device application hardware and software filter criteria, thus make and can download SG and the SFG that wants from mpeg data Duan Zuzhong.
In example shown in Figure 14, from mpeg data stream, be downloaded from three SG 4554 of the mpeg data section group that comprises a SDG, seven SG and a SFG.Follow after the storage of the SDG 4550 in buffer 4556, a SG 4558 of the mpeg data section group that will be sent out after SDG 4550 is stored in the buffer 4560.Similarly, the 2nd SG 4562 of the mpeg data section group that will be sent out after SDG 4550 is stored in the buffer 4564, and the Three S's G 4566 of the mpeg data section group that will be sent out after SDG 4550 is stored in the buffer 4568.
The storage of SG is being proceeded, and has been stored or till SFG 4552 is downloaded up to the data segment 4554 of needed number.If be downloaded, then SFG 4552 is not stored in the memory cell.
When each data segment of this group was downloaded, device can pass through an event notification applications program, and the data segment of this group is loaded.Replacedly or additionally, device can be by sending to application program and only finishing or the download notification application of SFG 4552 the storage of mpeg data section of an incident.
Under " before pattern ", the data segment that is right after the predetermined number before SFG is stored in the memory cell.For every type data segment (SDG, SG, SFG), application program can be discerned PID, TID, hardware filter, software filter and maximum data segment length.
Loading under this pattern need use annular buffer to come store M PEG data segment.With reference to Figure 15, device is at first application hardware and software filter criteria preferably, thereby makes and can only download and store SDG 4570.This has been avoided the SG 4554 of the redundancy in the buffer of the RAM memory volume 4022 of loading receiver/decoder 2020 before loading SDG 4570.After detection, SDG 4550 is not stored.Then, device application hardware and software filter criteria, thus make and can download SG and the SFG that wants from mpeg data Duan Zuzhong.
In example shown in Figure 15, to from mpeg data stream, be downloaded from three SG 4554 of the mpeg data section group that comprises a SDG, seven SG and a SFG.Follow after downloading SDG 4570, a SG 4572 of the mpeg data section group that will be sent out after SDG 4570 is stored in the buffer 4574.Similarly, be stored in the buffer 4582 at the 2nd SG 4576 of the SDG 4550 later mpeg data section groups that will be sent out with at the Three S's G 4580 of the SDG 4570 later mpeg data section groups that will be sent out.
The 4th SG 4584 of the mpeg data section group that will be sent out after SDG 4550 is stored in the buffer 4574, and this has just wherein stored the buffer of a SG 4572.Similarly, each SG among the SG 4586,4588 and 4590 that sends subsequently is respectively stored in buffer 4578,4582 and 4574.
The storage of SG is proceeded in this periodic mode, till detecting SFG4592 by device.Even before SFG is detected, also do not have to load under the situation of the SG that wants number, also be this situation.After detecting, SFG 4592 is stored in buffer, and represents that the incident of successful this group of download is sent to application program.
Relevant this group is stored in the information of mode of the RAM 4022 of receiver/decoder 2020 can be accessed by specific invocation step, and this invocation step is returned the descriptor of this group.Figure 16 has shown the example of such descriptor.Descriptor 4600 comprises the district 4602 of a number that includes the data segment in this group and a series of SDG of including or SFG (this depends on loading pattern) and forms the buffer 4604 of the data segment SG of this group to load order.
After this group was loaded, this group used the name of distributing to it by application program when this group is downloaded in request to discern uniquely.
Might add a data segment and delete a data segment to this group or from this group.A data segment can belong to more than one group.
When the additional data segment to of application requests group, the address that comprises the buffer of new data segment is placed on the end of descriptor 4604, and distinguishes 4602 and be updated.When application requests was deleted a data segment from a group, the address that comprises the buffer of this data segment was compressed in the descriptor 4600, and distinguished 4602 and be updated.If data segment is not the most last data segment in this group, then descriptor is reorganized, to remove the memory space of any sky.Like this, might have " empty group " by deleting all data segments.
Each device identifies with unique identifier, for example, and " LCARD_DEVICE_ID " sign LCARD device, and " RCARD_DEVICE_ID " sign RCARD device.
When new device 4062 was created, it can be installed in the existing decoder 2020 by download relevant application program 4056 from the broadcasting center.Typically, the device number by the maximum of a manager processes is 256.
Be loaded under this in receiver decoder 2020 and carry out by application program 4056, it checks hardware and software version, if it is and correct, then load the software module of the new device 4062 of representative, and request toolkit programs 4058 is installed in new device code in the firmware (in the FLASH memory).This can be provided at the flexible and safe installation of function new in the decoder 2020, and does not influence the remainder of software.
It will be appreciated that, describe the present invention with example purely above, therefore can make the correction of details within the scope of the invention.
Each characteristic that discloses in this explanation and (under the situation about being fit to) claim and accompanying drawing can be provided independently or with any suitable combination.
In above-mentioned preferred embodiment, some characteristic of the present invention can be implemented by the software that uses a computer.Yet the technical staff will know better certainly, and any part of these characteristics can realize by using hardware.And, be easy to see, by the function of realizations such as hardware, computer software by to the signal of telecommunication or use the signal of telecommunication and other similar signals to carry out.
Cross reference has been carried out in co-pending patent application for us, all patent applications all have the identical submission date, exercise question is: " Signal Generation andBroadcasting (signal produces and broadcasting) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19707), " Smartcard for use with a Receiver of EncryptedBroadcast Signals; and Receiver (smart card and the receiver that use for the receiver of encrypted broadcast signals) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19708), " Broadcastand Reception System and Condition Access System therefor (broadcasting and receiving system with and conditional access system) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19710), " Downloading a Computer File from a Transmittervia a Receiver/Decoder to a Computer (passing through the receiver/decoder downloading computer file to computer) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19711) from transmitter, " Transmission and Reception of Television Programmes and OtherData (transmission and the receptions of TV programme and other data) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19712), " Downloading Data (data download) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19713), " Computer Memory Organisation (computer memory organization) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19714), " Televisionor Radio Control System Development (TV or radio control system development) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19715), " Extracting DataSections from a Transmitted Data Stream (from the data flow that is sent, extracting data segment) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19716), " Access ControlSystem (access control system) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19717), " Data Processing System (data handling system) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19718), " Broadcast and Reception System, andReceiver/Decoder and Remote Controller therefor (broadcasting and receiving system and receiver/decoder thereof and remote controller) " (attorney docket sign indicating number No.PC/ASB/19720).The disclosure of these files is quoted at this, for your guidance.This application file specification comprises present patent application.

Claims (19)

1. be used for storing the method for at least one data segment of a plurality of data segments of the data flow that is sent, a described data segment has at least one data segment feature, said method comprising the steps of:
Receiving data stream;
According to a described at least data segment feature, leach a described data segment from described data flow; And
Store a described data segment.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said filtration step may further comprise the steps:
Stipulate at least one filtering characteristic, each feature comprises filter criteria and is used for the numerical value of this filter criteria;
This or each data segment feature and each filtering characteristic are compared; And
When this or each data segment feature during, from described data flow, leach a described data segment corresponding to each filtering characteristic.
3. by using the method for storing a plurality of data segments of the data flow that is sent according to the method for claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each data segment is stored in each memory cell.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
Stipulate at least one data filter feature, each data characteristics comprises the data filter criterion and is used for the numerical value of this data filter criterion;
Data in the data segment that is stored in each storage and each data filter feature are compared; And
When the data in the described data segment that is stored in this storage and each data filter feature are inconsistent, make that the data segment of described storage can be replaced in described memory.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
When data in the described data segment that is stored in described storage during, provide the data segment identification signal to application program corresponding to described each data filter feature.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that wherein said data segment identification signal comprises the memory address of a described data segment.
7. be used for according to each the method for method storage data segment group of claim 3 to 6, described data segment is sent in described data flow periodically, and each group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Store first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, is downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment.
8. be used for according to each the method for method storage data segment group of claim 3 to 6, described data segment is sent in described data flow periodically, and described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Download first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, be downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment, at this moment, the data segment that is stored in the memory cell is write by data downloaded section adjoining land covering subsequently, till the most last described data segment is downloaded; And
The most last described data segment is stored in the described memory.
9. be used for being stored in the method for the data segment group that data flow sends periodically, described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Receiving data stream;
Download first data segment and it is stored in the memory;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, is downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number is stored up to the most last described data segment.
10. be used for being stored in the method for the data segment group that data flow sent periodically, described group comprises first data segment and the most last data segment; Said method comprising the steps of:
Reception comprises the data flow of a plurality of data segments;
Originally download first data segment;
One after the other download and be right after the data segment that sends in succession later at described first data segment, each data segment adjoining land is stored in each memory cell, be downloaded or till the data segment of predetermined number has been stored up to the most last described data segment, at this moment, the data segment quilt data downloaded section adjoining land covering subsequently that is stored in the memory cell writes, till the most last described data segment is downloaded; And
The most last described data segment is stored in the described memory.
11. basically as here with reference to the method for at least one data segment of the described a plurality of data segments that are used for storing the data flow that is sent of accompanying drawing
12. be used for storing the equipment of at least one data segment of a plurality of data segments of the data flow that is sent, a described data segment has at least one data segment feature, described equipment comprises:
The device that is used for receiving data stream;
Be used for leaching from described data flow the filter of a described data segment according to a described at least data segment feature; And
Be used to store the device of a described data segment.
13. the equipment according to claim 12 is characterized in that, wherein said filter comprises:
Be used to stipulate the device of at least one filtering characteristic, each feature comprises filter criteria and is used for the numerical value of this filter criteria;
Be used for device that this or each data segment feature and each filtering characteristic are compared; And
Be used for leaching from described data flow during corresponding to each filtering characteristic the device of a described data segment when this or each data segment feature.
14., it is characterized in that described storage device comprises a plurality of memory cells that are used to store each data segment according to equipment claim 12 or 13, that be used to download a plurality of such data segments.
15. the equipment according to claim 14 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used to stipulate the device of at least one data filter feature, each data characteristics comprises the data filter criterion and is used for the numerical value of this data filter criterion;
Be used for the data of the data segment that is stored in each storage and the device that each data filter feature compares; And
Be used for when the data of the described data segment that is stored in this storage and each data filter feature are inconsistent, making can be in the described memory replaced device of data segment of described storage.
16. the equipment according to claim 15 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Generator is used for providing the data segment identification signal to application program when the data of the described data segment that is stored in described storage during corresponding to described each data filter feature.
17. the equipment according to claim 16 is characterized in that, wherein said data segment identification signal comprises the memory address of a described data segment.
18. according to method or equipment any above-mentioned claim, that can be used to such data flow with MPEG bit stream form, this MPEG bit stream also comprises video and audio frequency TV data except described data segment.
19. basically as here with reference to the equipment of at least one data segment of the described a plurality of data segments that are used for storing the data flow that is sent of accompanying drawing.
CN97182176A 1997-03-21 1997-04-25 Extracting data sections from transmitted data stream Pending CN1254469A (en)

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