CN1254148A - Intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash-fast memory as internal memory - Google Patents
Intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash-fast memory as internal memory Download PDFInfo
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- CN1254148A CN1254148A CN 99123762 CN99123762A CN1254148A CN 1254148 A CN1254148 A CN 1254148A CN 99123762 CN99123762 CN 99123762 CN 99123762 A CN99123762 A CN 99123762A CN 1254148 A CN1254148 A CN 1254148A
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Abstract
The intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash memory as internal memory includes CPU, RAM, EEPROM, system bus, I/O serial interface and step-up circuit, and is characterized by adopting flash memory as its internal memory, and better solving the defects of previsouly using ROM as on-chip operation system COS carrier to make the application of said intelligent card more safety, more open and more flexible.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of chip card IC that adopts flash memory Flash to make internal memory, exactly, relate to a kind of following under the prerequisite of international standard, adopt novel design concept and novel semi-conductor technology, make the micro-order program code of various intelligent card chips be stored in chip card IC in the new architecture, belong to the SIC (semiconductor integrated circuit) technical field.
Smart card (claims again: the CPU card) be a kind of card that computer or microprocessor CPU is housed, has the processing data information ability, the core of smart card is that one of them has the central processing unit integrated circuit (IC) chip of 8 (or more seniority), this chip also includes: the internal memory that constitutes by the PROM of random access memory ram, read only memory ROM, erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM and tens bytes, and miscellaneous part is formed a complete computer system.The watchdog routine of forming by the operating system COS in its sheet (ChipOperation System) organically combines all data, forms file system, can finish various specific functions.In the world, smart card has formed the industry of considerable scale, and it uses the various fields such as communication, finance, commerce, military affairs, insurance, gate inhibition that extensively penetrate into.
The most typical application of smart card is that the mobile terminal device in " global system for mobile communications " GSM network is the user data-Subscriber Identity Module in the mobile phone, claims again: SIM card (SIM-SubscriberIdentity Module).This SIM card has shown a kind of agreement relation that can change between user and the mobile station equipment.Usually, SIM card has been stored the user when using mobile communication, all and subscriber-related information on user's one side of wave point, include: the system's raw data that deposits in by SIM card production firm, the network parameter and the user data that write when being issued by GSM network operation department, data that deposited in by user oneself and user deposit in the card process automatically and the network that upgrades continues and user profile class data.And in gsm system, SIM card mainly has user identity discriminating, communication information encryption, network and user's data storage (for example: short message, speed dialling, voice mail etc.) effect.As long as the user carries the SIM card of oneself, when needed, SIM card is inserted any one GSM mobile termination, i.e. mobile phone, just can obtain the various communication services that registered in advance is registered in many places in the world, and corresponding cost can count in this user's the account number also.This will become the basis of future " personal communication ", can realize interpersonal direct communication truly.Now, SIM card has become the branch of maximum in the field of intelligent cards, almost occupies the market share of whole smart cards 75%.
Be born in the smart card of nineteen seventies, the complete computer system that its inner basic structure is made up of parts such as CPU+ROM+RAM+EEPROM for many years all the time, wherein read only memory ROM is as the carrier of chip operating system COS program code.This traditional structure exists many disadvantages.At first be that the COS code must be given chip production producer and does mask, code write in the ROM by producer.The application of smart card is more extensive, but nearly all application or relevant with people's authentication, or relevant with money, so the safe and secret first important most critical technology that becomes smart card designs.COS is as the control maincenter of smart card, except operations such as the data access of bearing whole card, processing, computings, more bearing the safety, attack protection of smart card, anti-vigilance performance such as duplicate.The common practice is to embed a high-grade cryptographic algorithm in COS, as DES, and RSA, A3A8 etc.But from mathematical principle, all cryptographic algorithm all can be broken in principle.Matter of utmost importance is how effectively to preserve cryptographic algorithm and do not intercepted and captured.This security protection problem is highstrung, also is that the user takes notice of part most.And give manufacturer the COS code, and in fact just equaling to have given producer whole programs on the smart card and algorithm opening, this point is totally unfavorable to the safety of smart card.Especially the present intelligent card chip of China almost completely depends on external import, though we can develop COS ourselves, will openly give external chip manufacturing factory when producing.Although can sign the contract specification of outstanding confidentiality agreement and so between user and the chip manufacturer retrains, but this also just has legal effect afterwards, in case and generation political or military conflict between the country, this agreement just is difficult to be protected, in the time of serious even can threaten the safety of national information net or financial sector.This " predicament " limited greatly smart card in some safe confidential departments of China application and popularize.Secondly, COS uses the ROM mode to store, in case after finishing mask, just can not change again.Because the ROM storage is to rely on the storage of chip physical connection, if developer or user want to revise COS, just must make mask again, expense is increased greatly, more prolonged the construction cycle; And, can make the security of smart card be subjected to serious threat.And, because ROM relies on physical connection storage data, use ordinary semiconductor conversed analysis engineering now, just can easily obtain the code of original storage, make the secret of smart card be not difficult to be broken.In addition, owing to use the ROM mode to store COS, its high investment makes many small-sized clients wish to have the COS algorithm of independent intellectual property right or is designed to irrealizable visionary hope.At last, because ROM storage can not revise, and in some particular application, the user wishes still can implement upgrading to cryptographic algorithm or other programs after card is sold, and promptly online upgrading or online programmable use ROM not realize.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel structure, adopt flash memory Flash to make the chip card IC of internal memory, this integrated circuit can solve each defective that above-mentioned use read only memory ROM is made the COS carrier preferably, makes the application of smart card safer, more open, more flexible.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: include central processor CPU, read-write memory RAM, erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM, and system bus, I/O serial line interface, booster circuit and clock, reset, power supply, ground pin, it is characterized in that: also include: as the flash memory Flash of internal storage.
Wherein flash memory Flash is divided into two memory blocks, a monitored space is used for the storage system program, another is used to deposit cryptographic algorithm or other user program codes of user oneself exploitation, and can be independently write in this memory block by user oneself then as the user area.
The appearance structure of this integrated circuit, pin definitions and layout should meet the IC-card modular encapsulation requirement of ISO/IEC 7816 standards.
The present invention adopts flash memory Flash as its internal storage, will bring very big benefit aspect many in technology, economical, societal benefits and even national security etc.At first be that the safety of smart card is effectively guaranteed,, essential distinction arranged with the ROM that relies on physical connection storage data because the data storage mechanism of Flash is to rely on charge storage information; And electric charge is sightless ion, can't obtain wherein program stored message code by conversed analysis at all.Secondly, COS is write Flash, so just guaranteed that COS and cryptographic algorithm only by user oneself grasp, will not give chip maker by the COS program information, cryptographic algorithm is not externally disclosed, keep its confidentiality by user oneself.This mechanism by user's stand-alone development COS and own write memory has guaranteed the safety of smart card more.Moreover, the user can be by the effort independent design cryptographic algorithm of self, in the present and future of kownledge economy high development, intellecture property is more and more important, the software and the hardware product that have independent intellectual property right are longing for of each client, the present invention adopts Flash as internal memory, can make a small-sized client also can with above-mentioned long for come true.In addition, because the write diagnostics repeatedly of Flash makes online upgrading and online programming become possibility; Also make the application of IC cards system can carry out modification of program easily on stream, this has just shortened the construction cycle of system greatly, and has significantly reduced development cost.In a word, the smart card that the integrated circuit that utilizes the present invention to adopt flash memory Flash to make internal memory is made, its design philosophy is novel advanced, safe precaution measure is complete, technical feature is superior, and application can be extended to the many fields of national economy, a chip is served many purposes become a reality.
Further describe composition structure of the present invention, feature and effect below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is that the circuit function structure of one embodiment of the present of invention is formed synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the pin definitions and the layout of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is a kind of chip card IC that uses flash memory Flash as its internal storage, its circuit structure composition mainly includes: as 8 central processor CPUs of control center, its internal storage is made up of three parts: read-write memory RAM, erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM and flash memory Flash; By system bus with central processing unit with each storer and peripheral hardware is organic links to each other, constitute a typical computer.Total system and the extraneous serial bus communication exchange message that relies on.Wherein flash memory Flash is divided into two memory blocks, a monitored space storage system program, and the user program code is then deposited in another user area, makes the user can oneself develop cryptographic algorithm and also independently writes in this chip voluntarily.Opening up of this user area also is major technique feature of the present invention.Though COS program and cryptographic algorithm all are to be placed in the Flash storer, both are subregion storages in Flash, promptly program and algorithm are placed in the different Flash subregions, have so just guaranteed the safety of program and algorithm more.The present invention has cast aside traditional mentality of designing that ROM makes internal memory of continuing to use, utilize the nineties to occur and ripe Flash technology, be made into the flash memory that fast, the erasable time of program speed is short, area is little, and design its control corresponding, interface and attack protection circuit, thereby make the present invention become the first in the world chip card IC that can write COS program and cryptographic algorithm for user oneself pioneeringly.
Fig. 1 also is that the applicant develops the circuit module logic diagram that the successful the first in the world Flash of use makes the chip card IC chip embodiment of internal memory.Wherein hardware configuration is: the central processor CPU of 8 embedded INTEL systems; The quick built-in EEPROM of 8K byte, this is the memory block that can visit to the user, is used to store various information, password and the application file etc. of this smart card; 256 byte embedded SRAMs, it is to be used for temporarily depositing computational data to CPU; 16K byte partitioning type Flash storer, wherein the COS of system code accounts for the 12K byte, and the user-programmable code accounts for the 4K byte.The present invention also includes: embedded chip operating system COS able to programme, authentication ciphering algorithm, software and hardware circuit modules such as encryption logic coprocessor and anti-attack circuit.
Fig. 2 is pin definitions and the layout of Fig. 1 embodiment among the present invention, and this chip card IC embodiment encapsulates according to ISO/IEC 7816 IC standard card modules, and its pin definitions and layout are as shown in Figure 2.C1:V wherein
CCOperating voltage is provided, the C2:RST reset signal, C3:CLK input end of clock, C5:GND be with reference to ground voltage, C7:I/O bidirectional data port, C4, C6, C8: the test port of this chip.
In fact, if all smart cards are cast aside beyond the EEPROM memory capacity, other basic frameworks are identical; Just at different application, COS has bigger difference.If so COS is placed on can the NVM (nonvolatile memory) of programming Control in, make the user algorithm can be write in the card voluntarily, and will not give smart card vendor by algorithm, user's security interests is effectively ensured.Simultaneously because with writing different COS and algorithm according to the different application field in a kind of chip, the chip that just can solve with a kind of model has multiple different purposes.Employing Flash of the present invention makes the chip card IC embodiment of internal memory, though develop as telecommunications personality card (SIM card); But, only need the design of making amendment to COS wherein, just can be with this SIM card chip application in finance, social insurance, security control, military affairs, national defence, and other applications of supporting one card for multiple uses, can play positive impetus to the development in these industries and field.
In a word, for the user, chip card IC usability of the present invention is safer, more open, more flexible; Its price also becomes card much cheap than the SIM from external import, can save a large amount of foreign exchanges for country.The particularly important is, chip card IC of the present invention can really be safeguarded the safe handling of country about many fields such as communication, finance, commerce and trade, economy and even military affairs and department, make our status that has the initiative in international competition, the huge social benefit of bringing thus can't be estimated with money especially.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of chip card IC that adopts flash-fast memory as internal memory, include central processor CPU, read-write memory RAM, erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM, and system bus, I/O serial line interface, booster circuit and clock, reset, power supply, ground pin, it is characterized in that: also include: as the flash memory of internal storage.
2, the chip card IC of employing flash-fast memory as internal memory as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein flash memory is divided into two memory blocks, a monitored space is used for the storage system program, another is then as the user area, be used to deposit cryptographic algorithm or other user program codes of user oneself exploitation, and can independently write in this memory block by user oneself.
3, the chip card IC of employing flash-fast memory as internal memory as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the appearance structure of this integrated circuit, pin definitions and layout should meet the IC-card modular encapsulation requirement of ISO/IEC 7816 standards.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99123762 CN1112650C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash-fast memory as internal memory |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99123762 CN1112650C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash-fast memory as internal memory |
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| CN1254148A true CN1254148A (en) | 2000-05-24 |
| CN1112650C CN1112650C (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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| CN 99123762 Expired - Lifetime CN1112650C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Intelligent card integrated circuit adopting flash-fast memory as internal memory |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101916389A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 北京海泰方圆科技有限公司 | Intelligent card |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104778053A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Initialization control method and device of smart card |
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1999
- 1999-11-19 CN CN 99123762 patent/CN1112650C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101916389A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 北京海泰方圆科技有限公司 | Intelligent card |
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| CN1112650C (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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