CN1253708C - Method for measuring carbon content in coal-burning boiler and kiln fly ash and on line detection apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Method for measuring carbon content in coal-burning boiler and kiln fly ash and on line detection apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1253708C CN1253708C CN 200310109638 CN200310109638A CN1253708C CN 1253708 C CN1253708 C CN 1253708C CN 200310109638 CN200310109638 CN 200310109638 CN 200310109638 A CN200310109638 A CN 200310109638A CN 1253708 C CN1253708 C CN 1253708C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the unburned carbon content in flue dust for coal burning boilers and grates and an on-line measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of measurement and is used for solving the problem that the accuracy for the on-line measurement of the unburned carbon content in flue dust. The present invention has the scheme that a flue dust sample is separated from flue gases, a digital image pickup device is controlled by a computer to pick up the image of the flue dust sample, the image is identified by an image processing program of the computer to obtain the gray value, and the corresponding unburned carbon content in the flue dust is calculated by the calibration function of the unburned carbon content in the flue dust and the gray value according to the gray value. The present invention utilizes a high-resolution color digital image pickup technique and a gray scale digital recognition technique by computer image processing, and 0.05% variation of the unburned carbon content in the flue dust can be differentiated. The method has direct, quick and continuous measurement and high measuring precision, and can be used for on-line real-time measurement; the on-line measuring device has simple structure, low cost, no need of maintenance and reliable operation; the measuring processes from sampling and measuring to flue dust sample returning to the boiler flue are connected in a closed system, which can not cause new pollution to the surrounding environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method that is used to detect coal-burning boiler and smoke dust of furnace kiln carbon content, belong to the detection technique field.
Background technology
Unburned carbon in flue dust is the important indicator of reflection boiler or kiln burning efficient in boiler or the stove flue gas, and measuring unburned carbon in flue dust continuously real-time and accurately is to monitor boiler operatiopn and implement the effectively basis of control.At present, the online measuring technique that is used for unburned carbon in flue dust both at home and abroad, all adopt measuring method based on the microwave absorbing principle, the principle of this method is, make the flying dust separated in the flue gas stream by being provided with the passage of microwave emission and Absorbing Sensor, can cause the different principle of microwave transmission energy attenuation, measure current microwave and launch and endergonic difference according to the difference of carbon content in the flying dust, and compare with the demarcation sample of unburned carbon in flue dust, try to achieve the carbon content in the flying dust indirectly.Because Microwave Measurement is subjected to the interference of factors such as flying dust ash sample weight, moisture easily, and flying dust is inevitable to the pollution of channel wall, attached to the precision that the meeting of the flying dust on wall appreciable impact is measured, making and detecting data is not the True Data of sampling, and measuring error is bigger.And, the energy that need detect the microwave emission simultaneously and absorb, and after computing, be converted into unburned carbon in flue dust again, the detection link is many, and measuring error is bigger, only can detect once the flying dust sample of each collection, therefore, can't satisfy in the burning optimization robot control system(RCS) accuracy requirement to real time data.
Summary of the invention
Problem of the present invention be to solve coarse defective of unburned carbon in flue dust on-line determination and provide a kind of fast, accurately, be suitable for a kind of coal-burning boiler and stove unburned carbon in flue dust measuring method that online in real time detects.
Another problem that need solve of the present invention provides the device that is used for this detection.
The alleged problem of the present invention realizes with following proposal:
A kind of coal-burning boiler and stove unburned carbon in flue dust measuring method, it comprises the collection and the mensuration of flying dust, and carries out as follows:
A. utilize the flying dust collecting mechanism from flue to be measured, to gather the flying dust sample, sample is sent into the flying dust measuring cell of a sealing, collect ash sample, be provided with digital camera device and permanently strong degree light source at its top in the bottom of flying dust measuring cell;
B. start permanently strong degree light source and digital camera device by computer control, gather one or more flying dust sample image;
C. by Computer Image Processing procedure identification image and obtain gray-scale value;
D. according to gray-scale value,, be converted into corresponding unburned carbon in flue dust by the calibration function of unburned carbon in flue dust and gray-scale value;
E. the measured value that shows unburned carbon in flue dust by display.
Above-mentioned coal combustion pan-furnace kiln unburned carbon in flue dust measuring method, be provided with a sample loopback step after measuring, described loopback step is finished in a soot blower structure, and soot blower structure one end connects the ash hole of measuring cell, the other end connects flue, utilizes pressure gas that sample is blown air-returen flue.
Another problem that need solve of the present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of coal-burning boiler and stove flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus, it is by flying dust collecting mechanism 1, grey measuring cell 7, light source 2, digital camera 3, computer control system 4, display 5 is formed, wherein, the flying dust collecting mechanism is again by cyclone separator 1-1, gas sampling probe 1-2, flue gas loopback pipe 1-3, and ash sample delivery pipe 1-4 forms, described gas sampling probe one end inserts in the boiler flue, the other end links to each other with the inlet of cyclone separator 1-1, the outlet of termination cyclone separator under the flue gas loopback pipe 1-3, the other end inserts in the boiler flue, one of ash sample delivery pipe 1-4 is terminated at the ash hole of cyclone separator, and the other end leads to measuring cell 7; Described flying dust measuring cell is a tubular airtight container, the top stationary digital video camera 3 and the light source 2 of container, and ash sample 9 is collected in the bottom, and light source 2 and digital camera and computer control system are joined, and the data output end of computing machine connects display 5.
Open and close for controlling the ash door, above-mentioned coal-burning boiler and stove flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus, the bottom of described measuring cell is a frustum, be provided with grey gate control mechanism 11 in the bottom of frustum, ash gate control mechanism 11 is made up of ash door 11-1, electromagnet DCT, connecting rod 11-2, hinge 11-3, described ash door mates with the bottom ash hole sealing of measuring cell, and joins through the armature of movable rod 11-2 and electromagnet DCT.
For the ash sample after will measuring is recycled to boiler flue, above-mentioned coal-burning boiler and stove flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus, soot blower structure 6 is set below measuring cell, soot blower structure 6 is made up of injector 6-3, blowpipe 6-4, ash feeding pipe 6-2, wherein, on the end face of the left and right sides of injector, each is communicated with ash feeding pipe 6-2 and blowpipe 6-4, the other end of blowpipe is communicated with compressed gas source 10, the other end of ash feeding pipe is communicated with boiler boiler flue 8, on the sidewall of injector, vertical connection ash tube 6-1, the upper port of ash tube communicates with the ash hole of measuring cell.
For ease of automatic control, above-mentioned coal-burning boiler and stove flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus insert solenoid valve DCF1 in the pipeline of ash sample delivery pipe 1-4, insert solenoid valve DCF2 in the pipeline of blowpipe 6-4.
This mensuration ratio juris is that also with regard to difference, carbon content gray scale high more, flying dust is more little in the flying dust for carbon content difference in the flue dust flying dust, the gray scale of flying dust outward appearance (or colourity), has the relation that approximately linear changes.Utilize high-resolution color digital camera (CCD) and computer picture gray scale digit recognition and treatment technology, can distinguish 0.05% unburned carbon in flue dust variation, be enough to satisfy the needs of the online detection of unburned carbon in flue dust in coal-burning boiler or the stove flue gas.Because the funtcional relationship of carbon content and flying dust gray scale is constant to specific boiler or coal and flying dust thereof that stove used in the flying dust, can be in advance obtain the demarcation that experimentizes of enough flying dust samples by practical object.
According to the assay method that the present invention provides, can measure the carbon content of flue dust in coal-burning boiler and the stove directly, rapidly, continuously, measure the numerical precision height, and can carry out online in real time and detect.The pick-up unit that the present invention provides, simple in structure, cost is low, and is non-maintaining substantially; Reliable operation, testing process all is connected in the closed system from sampling, being measured to ash sample loopback boiler flue, can not cause new pollution to surrounding environment.The required flying dust sample size of each detection only is that the flying dust image of each picked-up is the flying dust sample that drops on the top layer recently, even deashing is not thorough, does not also influence the precision of measurement about 2 grams.Simultaneously, this device can carry out the several images acquired to same flying dust sample in the extremely short time, can reject data processing such as badly being worth, averaging to the result, helps improving the precision of detection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the trace routine FB(flow block);
Fig. 3 is program control system figure;
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of unburned carbon in flue dust and gray scale.
Embodiment
Adopt this method to detect in the flying dust carbon content and divided for four steps carried out, at first, by isolating a small amount of flying dust (about about 2 grams) in the boiler smoke, and it is collected in airtight detection receptacle---in the measuring cell; Then, by computer starting luminous intensity constant light source and digital camera device, gather one or more flying dust sample image; Carry out Flame Image Process by computing machine again, and recognition image gray scale (or colourity), change it digital signal of certain precision into, and according to the good unburned carbon in flue dust of prior demarcation and the funtcional relationship of its gray-scale value (or chromatic value), computing becomes corresponding unburned carbon in flue dust; At last, the carbon content numerical value that shows this moment flying dust by output unit.
On-line measuring device of the present invention mainly is made of seven parts: flying dust collecting mechanism 1, flying dust measuring cell 7, grey gate control mechanism 11, soot blower structure 6, light source 2, digital camera 3, computer control system 4 and display 5 are formed.
Detect control circuit and adopt the relay programmed control, be made of six time relay sj 1～SJ6, two solenoid valve DCF1, DCF2 and electromagnet DCT, the process of testing is such:
The first step: log-on data is gathered master routine, timer picks up counting, (the signal transmission frequency is 1 time/5 minutes to computing machine by T/O after 5 minutes, by timer control) send a trigger pip (0 constantly), make signal amplify maker DK work, turn-on time relay SJ1, be 22 seconds the time delay of SJ1, after promptly 22 seconds, the The whole control circuit quits work.
Second step: time relay sj 2 is started working, and be 22 seconds its time delay.It is controlling solenoid valve DCF1 and time relay sj 3 and SJ5 simultaneously.One group of contact of SJ2 makes solenoid valve DCF1 (open type) action, cuts off the flying dust pipeline, stops flying dust to continue to fall into the flying ash sampling dish; One group of contact provides closed circuit for SJ3, and be 8 seconds the time delay of SJ3, gives ccd video camera and led light source power supply by the N-C loop, and by N-O circuit controls time relay sj 4; Another group contact provides closed circuit for time relay sj 5, and SJ5 sets time-delay 13 seconds.
The 3rd step: after 5 seconds, start the image acquisition subroutine, gather the flying dust sample image.
The 4th step: through 3 seconds (after promptly 8 seconds), ccd video camera and led light source power supply are cut off in the SJ3 action, the closed-loop path is provided for simultaneously time relay sj 4, SJ4 (be 8 seconds time delay) is started working, and blowing tube Lu Dian Ci valve DCF2 (closed type) opens, and makes injector 6-3 work.
The 5th step: after 5 seconds (after promptly 13 seconds), time relay sj 5 actions, electromagnet DCT starts working, deashing.
The 6th step: after 5 seconds (after promptly 18 seconds), time relay sj 6 (delay adjustments is 5 seconds) action, the power supply of tripping magnet DCT, electromagnet sets back.
The 7th step: after 2 seconds (after promptly 20 seconds), the SJ4 action is cut off, the power supply of soot blower structure solenoid valve DCF2, and injector quits work.
The 8th step: after 2 seconds (after promptly 22 seconds), ash sample delivery pipe pipeline electromagnetic valve DCF1 power supply is cut off in SJ1 and SJ2 action, begins to adopt ash.
At this moment, finish one and adopt the ash sampling.
The numerical range that the present invention measures unburned carbon in flue dust is 0-20%, the coal of surveying with demarcate coal and change under the little situation, the precision of differentiable unburned carbon in flue dust reaches 0.05%, is enough to satisfy the requirement of online detection engineering to precision.
Claims (6)
1. coal-burning boiler and stove unburned carbon in flue dust measuring method, it comprises the collection and the mensuration of flying dust, it is characterized in that, it carries out as follows:
A. utilize the flying dust collecting mechanism from flue to be measured, to gather the flying dust sample, sample is sent into the flying dust measuring cell of a sealing, collect ash sample, be provided with digital camera device and permanently strong degree light source at its top in the bottom of flying dust measuring cell;
B. start permanently strong degree light source and digital camera device by computer control, gather one or more flying dust sample image;
C. by Computer Image Processing procedure identification image and obtain gray-scale value;
D. according to gray-scale value, by the calibration function of unburned carbon in flue dust and gray-scale value, computing becomes corresponding unburned carbon in flue dust;
E. the measured value that shows unburned carbon in flue dust by display.
2. coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 and stove unburned carbon in flue dust measuring method, it is characterized in that, after determination step, be provided with a sample loopback step, described loopback step is finished in a soot blower structure, soot blower structure one end connects the measuring cell ash hole, the other end connects flue, utilizes pressure gas that sample is blown air-returen flue.
3. coal-burning boiler and stove flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus, it is characterized in that, it is by flying dust collecting mechanism [1], flying dust measuring cell [7], light source [2], digital camera [3], computer control system [4], display [5] is formed, wherein, the flying dust collecting mechanism is again by cyclone separator [1-1], gas sampling probe [1-2], flue gas loopback pipe [1-3], and ash sample delivery pipe [1-4] is formed, described gas sampling probe one end is inserted in people's boiler flue, the other end links to each other with the inlet of cyclone separator [1-1], flue gas loopback pipe [1-3] is the outlet of termination cyclone separator down, the other end inserts in the boiler flue, one of ash sample delivery pipe [1-4] is terminated at the ash hole of cyclone separator, and the other end leads to measuring cell [7]; Described flying dust measuring cell is a tubular airtight container, the top stationary digital video camera [3] of container and light source [2], and ash sample [9] is collected in the bottom, and light source [2] and digital camera and computer control system are joined, and the data output end of computing machine connects display [5].
4. according to the described flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus of claim 3, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described measuring cell is a frustum, be provided with grey gate control mechanism [11] in the bottom of frustum, ash gate control mechanism [11] is made up of ash door [11-1], electromagnet DCT, connecting rod [11-2], described ash door mates with the bottom ash hole sealing of measuring cell, and joins with the armature of electromagnet DCT through movable rod [11-2], hinge [11-3].
5. according to the described flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus of claim 4, it is characterized in that, soot blower structure [6] is set below measuring cell, soot blower structure [6] is made up of injector [6-3], blowpipe [6-4], ash feeding pipe [6-2], wherein, on the end face of the left and right sides of injector, each is communicated with ash feeding pipe [6-2] and blowpipe [6-4], the other end of blowpipe leads to compressed gas source [10], the other end of ash feeding pipe is communicated with boiler flue [8], at the upper wall of injector, vertical connection ash tube [6-1], the upper port of ash tube communicates with the ash hole of measuring cell.
6. according to the described flyash carbon content on-line testing apparatus of claim 5, it is characterized in that, in the pipeline of ash sample delivery pipe [1-4], insert solenoid valve DCF1, in the pipeline of blowpipe [6-4], insert solenoid valve DCF2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310109638 CN1253708C (en) | 2003-11-06 | 2003-11-06 | Method for measuring carbon content in coal-burning boiler and kiln fly ash and on line detection apparatus therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310109638 CN1253708C (en) | 2003-11-06 | 2003-11-06 | Method for measuring carbon content in coal-burning boiler and kiln fly ash and on line detection apparatus therefor |
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| CN1253708C true CN1253708C (en) | 2006-04-26 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102053021B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-09-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Online sampling and analysis device for gas/solid mixed-phase samples |
| CN103267762B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal slurry ash online detection system based on image method, and method |
| CN104502284A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Online detection device for carbon content in flue dust of coal fired power plant |
| CN107356598A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-17 | 中国计量大学 | Ash content carbon online test method based on digital image processing techniques |
| CN109283023B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2024-04-16 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Experimental device for simulating influence of smoke content on sulfur trioxide concentration and application method |
| FI129477B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2022-03-15 | Andritz Oy | Determining the reduction degree of a recovery boiler |
| CN110954536B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2024-02-09 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Online measuring device and method for carbon content of fly ash |
| CN111811865B (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2022-10-04 | 济南诚博信息科技有限公司 | Processing system for detecting fire coal and automatically preparing detection sample |
| CN112284987A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-01-29 | 华电(印尼)玻雅发电公司 | Pulverized coal fineness measurement system |
| CN113984956B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-10-24 | 华北电力大学 | Fly ash carbon content measuring system and method for realizing controllable ash taking and carbon measurement |
| CN113848282B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-22 | 北京国电新创科技有限公司 | Fly ash carbon content measuring device and method, combustion control method and electronic equipment |
| CN114965164A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-30 | 连云港同顺电力节能设备有限公司 | Power production fly ash monitoring system, method and storage medium |
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