CN1253134C - Absorbent articles with means for achieving or maintaining convexo-concave bunching - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a moisture absorption article which comprises a device for realizing or keeping a convex-concave shape. The device has an upwards convex middle crotch part (namely the middle crotch part faces to a wearer in use), and an outwards convex part, wherein the outwards convex part closely surrounds the waist along with a body's curve and is positioned in the lengthways terminal part of the article.

Description

Absorbent device with device of acquisition or maintenance convexo-concave bunching

Technical field

The present invention relates to sanitary absorbent article, be specifically related to be used to hold the absorbent device of relatively large discharge liquor of body (for example urine and/or excrement), for example adult-incontinence articles or baby diaper.

Background technology

The absorbent device that is applied in the health field is widely known by the people in prior art.In addition, the shape of absorbent device has also been carried out deep discussion, both related to the profile (for example contrasting) of these articles for use, also related to its 3D shape with rectangle.

Specifically disclose the feminien hygiene pad that the Body contact with improvement receives bodily exudate, this purpose realizes by these articles for use are finalized the design three-dimensionally.

US-A-5,300,055 (Buell) disclose a kind of absorbent device, its have one raise up towards body surface, make this whole articles for use or have " U that puts upside down " shape (that is, the opening of U-shaped is towards the direction away from the wearer) or have " W " shape.In WO95/31165 (Olsen), described a kind of similar articles for use, obtained " W " shape structure by flexible member as the integral part of these articles for use.

Disclose a kind of sanitary towel in WO95/17148 (Bergman), it has realized wearer's labia and the better contact between the articles for use, thereby improves the disposal ability of convection cell (that is menstruation).Similarly, among the WO88/04547 (Thoren) a kind of sanitary towel has been described, target is to improve the contact between articles for use and the wearer by in machine direction (MD) with lie across in the direction (CD) of machine direction and flexible member to be affixed on the top flat away from a side of wearer's orientation.In addition, EP-A-0302,523 (Lassen) have described a kind of women's liner according to the anatomy molding, make by molding, mold pressing or other forming technique.

At US-A-5, discuss at the applying aspect of absorbent device (for example baby diaper) among 098,423 (Pieniak).It focuses on the crotch portion narrowed width, for example is folded into 2x by the diaper that will be positioned at crotch portion, 4x, 6x, 8x.This folding can the realization by so-called W is folding, thus this absorbent device has " W " shape.It does not openly relate to the molding of the core in the main element or folds.

Yet prior art is not considered fully: during at adult-incontinence articles with a large amount of relatively fluid-evacuation things or baby diaper, to those molding what specific requirement and benefit should be arranged.

And prior art does not have to realize the further benefit of specific molding for the articles for use that will be used for receiving feces.

Therefore, still need when improving the comfort aspect of these articles for use, also to improve processing to bodily exudate.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of absorbent device, specific design is used to receive a large amount of relatively discharge liquor of body (for example urine), and these articles for use can not increase the excessive discomfort to the wearer therefrom, can not produce adverse effect to the performance of these articles for use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide this articles for use that have the disposal ability of extra improvement for feces.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of the demand and can be by he or she oneself of satisfying simultaneously, also can be applied to wearer's design on one's body easily by other people of father and mother or ward etc.

The present invention relates to a kind of absorbent device, device with realization or maintenance male-female shape, wherein have the center crotch of (that is, in the use towards the wearer) that raises up and follow the outside bossing of health curve closely around waist at the longitudinal end of articles for use.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of disposable absorbent diaper that is used to receive urine and feces, comprising: top flat, egative film and the absorbent article core that is positioned between the two; Wherein, described core comprises front waist region and back waist region, and these two zones all are that concave shape is with suitable with wearer's health; Wherein, described core comprises the urine loading zone, and this district has upwards the raised bumps shape towards the wearer; Wherein, described raised bumps be by at least in described urine loading zone along folding in advance this diaper of the longitudinal centre line of diaper, make at least some parts of egative film of covering absorbent core be in direct contact with one another to realize; And described core also comprises the free vertically limit of containing elastic component, and the vertical limit of described freedom forms by described egative film is inwardly folding; Described diaper also comprises between front waist region and the urine loading zone or the one or more transition regions between back waist region and the urine loading zone; And the described transition region of absorbent article core forms at least one bag, and described bag is positioned at the position of vertically departing from backward.

Wherein, the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone is to form by the binding agent that is applied on the egative film from the outside.

Wherein, the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone forms by mechanical meshing device, the location of turning up the soil, the centrage lateral separation of at least a portion of described device and the longitudinal extension of described diaper.

Wherein, but the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone realizes that by the elastic telescopic parts described parts have the force component on the direction of the machine direction of lying across at least.

Wherein, the described device that is used to obtain the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone is fixed on the transverse sides of described core, and is fixing in central authorities.

Wherein, described diaper has length and width dimensions, with with all vertical z direction of above-mentioned two sizes, but the described device that wherein is used for obtaining in the raised bumps shape of urine loading zone is the parts of elastic telescopic, it has the force component of machine direction at least, in use applies a force component towards the z direction of wearer's orientation at least.

Wherein, described diaper also comprises and is used for described diaper is fixed on fixture on the wearer's body.

Wherein, described fixture comprises belt and overlap joint zone, ground bonded to each other, its forward and backward lumbar region with diaper or mechanically be fixed together.

Wherein, described fixture also comprises the elastic component that is used for diaper is remained on the position.

Wherein, the design capacity of described absorbent article core is greater than about 70 milliliters of urines.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 represents the moisture absorption pad as an example of absorbent device;

Fig. 2 a represents the slice cutaway view according to the urine loading zone of the articles for use with " Ω " shape protuberance of the present invention;

Fig. 2 b represents to be used for the slice cutaway view of urine loading zone of the W collapsed shape in the prior art articles for use of comparison.

The specific embodiment

A kind of absorbent device generally includes:

--absorption piece (be referred to as core or cored structure usually, it can be made up of minor structure);

--" main element ", for example

--liquid-tight egative film;

--optional other structure example such as packaged unit

--or flexible member.

In the context of the present specification, absorbent device can be " one " (that is, all elements links together), makes that these articles for use are a slice basically in use; Perhaps this absorbent device can be made up of the parts that separate, can comprise absorption piece such as absorption pad, with external stability parts such as the Telescopic Fixed underwear that can utilize again, for example, the mode of elasticity trousers that in adult-incontinence articles, often use and the combination of disposable absorbent pad.

In any situation, these articles for use or its each parts can disposablely maybe can be reused.Therefore, the term of Shi Yonging " disposable " vocabulary shows and does not plan to these absorbent devices or parts wash or otherwise reclaim or reuse (promptly as absorbent device or its parts herein, this article will be dropped after using once, preferably reclaim, make fertilizer, or with mode environmentally compatible they are handled) with a kind of.

This absorbent device has one horizontal (x direction or width), and it is defined as the direction that is parallel to cross central line and aligns with the direction of wearer " from left to right " in use; One vertical (y direction or length), the short transverse when being defined as the direction that is parallel to longitudinal centre line and in use being in the standing place with the wearer is alignd; With one axial (z direction or thickness), be defined as the direction of the thickness extension of passing diaper 20.

In the context of the present invention, the curved portion of term " spill " expression one " to outer lug ", that is, for example when following the roughly curved portion of waist closely, the roughly concave curve part that will show around the belt of waist worn.Term " convex " relates to opposite curved portion.Certainly, these terms are relative, and " make progress " with term and " downward " (following usually the understanding to gravity) interrelates.Henceforth, letter " U " expression has " protruding " or recessed shape downwards.Greece capitalization Ω (Omega) represents a curved portion that has " raising up " at middle body.If use term " to be recessed into " and " projection " under the situation that does not have explanation " making progress " or " downwards " direction, then its implication is " making progress ".If use these terms, unless stated otherwise, suppose that all the wearer is in the position of standing with respect to wearer's position.

In Fig. 1 a, b and c, illustrate the present invention by the absorption piece of describing an absorbent device (it can be baby diaper or adult-incontinence liner).

This liner comprises an absorbent article core 10, is used for absorbing and holding fluid, mainly is moisture fluid for the basis in most applications.This absorbent article core 10 can be any moisture absorption apparatus, and is normally compressible, submissive and can absorb and keep main aqueous liquid.The example of suitable hygroscopic material comprises wood pulp, the crape fiberfill of pulverizing; Meltblown polymer; Chemicosolidifying, modification or cross-linked cellulosic; The thin paper that comprises thin paper bag and thin paper lamination; The moisture absorption foam; The moisture absorption sponge; The superabsorbent polymer; Sucting wet gel material; Or any suitable material or the combination of material.The profile of moisture absorption pad and structure also can change (for example, moisture absorption pad can have different thickness areas, hydrophilic gradient, the superabsorbent gradient is perhaps than low average density and less average quantitative reception area; Perhaps comprise one or more layers or minor structure).Preferably, this moisture absorption pad has a flat substantially profile, thereby avoids owing to having the complication that blocky three-dimensionally shaped structure produces.

The name that JIUYUE in 1986 was authorized people such as Weisman on the 9th is called the U.S. Pat 4,610,678 of " highdensity absorbent structure "; The name of authorizing people such as Weisman on June 16th, 1987 is called the U.S. Pat 4,673,402 of " absorbent structure with two layering cores "; The name that December in 1989 was authorized Angstadt on the 19th is called the U.S. Pat 4,888,231 of " absorbent article core with shop bisque "; The name of authorizing people such as Alemany on May 30th, 1989 is called the U.S. Pat 4,834,735 of " having low-density and low quantitative high density absorption piece ".The design of other moisture absorption pad has been described in european patent application No.93305150.0 and 93309614.1.

U.S. Patent No. 4,411,660 disclose the bilayer of being made by dissimilar hygroscopic materials have been arranged in a kind of absorbent product, make top layer get slowly than ground floor gel.

European patent specification EP-B-0,401,189 disclose the absorbent product with good characteristic, and product is to use two kinds of dissimilar sucting wet gel materials to realize in each layer, rather than use the mixture of two kinds of sucting wet gel materials to realize in a monolayer.

But can be used for aquogel type absorbent polymer among the present invention and comprise the multiple water insoluble basically but polymer of imbibition, it has the ability that absorbs big quantity of fluid.This polymeric material generally also is known as " hydrocolloid " or " super moisture absorption " material.The absorbent polymer of these aquogel types preferably has a large amount of anionic functional groups, as sulfonic acid and more typical carboxyl.Be suitable for using the example of polymer herein to comprise the polymer that those are got by the unsaturated acidiferous monomer preparation of polymerizable.Therefore, these monomers comprise and contain alkene unsaturated acids and the acid anhydride of at least one carbon to the two keys of carbon olefin.More specifically, these monomers can be selected from the unsaturated carbonic acid of alkene and anhydride, alkene unsaturated sulfonic acid and their mixture.

As mentioned above, the absorbent polymer of aquogel type preferably slight cross-linked network.Cross-linked network plays and makes the water-fast substantially effect of polymer, and has partly determined the content characteristic of the extractible polymer of wettability power and precursor granules and the final macrostructure that forms.No. 4076663 patent of the U.S. of quoting as proof previously and (Dahmen's) German patent DE-A-4020780 have described the preparation method of these cross-linked network polymer and cross-linked network agent commonly used in more detail.

In order to contrast the absorbent device with different final service conditions, perhaps the articles for use of different size have been found that " design capacity " is suitable means.

For example, the baby represents a typical colony that uses, even but in this colony, the composition of its quantity of urinating, loading frequency, urine difference greatly all on the one hand from littler baby (neonate) to the child who has just learnt to walk, and equally also be like this for the Different Individual among the child that for example just learnt to walk.

Other uses colony can be child bigger, that still perplexed by incontinence to a certain degree.

In addition, the incontinence adult can use this articles for use, has the more condition of urinating of wide region again, is often referred to from light incontinence to serious incontinence.

Henceforth, the absorbent device that can satisfy these requirements should have the ability that absorbs a certain amount of urine, in order further to discuss described a certain amount of urine is referred to as " design capacity " (below will discuss in more detail).

The fluid of above-mentioned discharge capacity must finally be stored the absorbed of these discharge liquor of body (being moisture wherein at least), even make to have, also have only very small amount of liquid residue absorbent device on the surface of wearers skin." finally " speech represents that on the one hand absorbent device has been worn a kind of like this state of a very long time, represents that on the other hand hygroscopic materials has reached their " finally " capacity after reaching balance with the environment around it.This both can be this class absorbent device residing actual user mode after having passed through wearing for a long time, also can be to a kind of state in the simple testing procedure that material or material component carried out.Because the many steps among considering all have asymptotic dynamic characteristic, when actual capacity reaches one during with the fully approaching value of asymptotic terminal point the certainty of measurement of instrument (for example with respect to), those skilled in the art can recognize at an easy rate and will reach " finally " capacity.

Owing to can comprise that some are mainly used in the material of final storage of liquids in the absorbent device, and some other is mainly used in realization such as receiving and/or the function of diffusion liquid one class but the material that also may have certain final storage capacity, so, when describing suitable absorbent article core material of the present invention, artificially these functions are not separated.However, still not only can determine the final memory capacity, the final memory capacity of hygroscopicity structure in some zones of final memory capacity, the absorbent article core of whole absorbent article core, perhaps even the final memory capacity of substructure, and can determine the memory capacity of the employed material of above-mentioned these elements.

Discuss at changing the articles for use size as top, those of skill in the art can use colony for other targets at an easy rate and adopt suitable design capacity.For example, the superabsorbent materials (this superabsorbent material has the moisture absorption capacity of about 31 milliliters/gram when carrying out known tea-bag centrifuge capacity test) that can comprise 9 grams for the adult-incontinence articles of using prepare for serious incontinent patients, and comprise that 97 grams have the plain air felt of traditional fibre of about 4 milliliters/gram volume, thereby obtain about 667 milliliters total final storage volume.Other examples relate to the articles for use that are used for the light incontinence patient.For example, have the ATTENDS MINI type of 70 milliliters final storage volume, 90 milliliters ATTENDS MINIPLUS type, perhaps about 167 milliliters ATTENDS NORMAL type, all these products are by Procter﹠amp; Gamble company sells in many countries in Europe.

Again with reference to Fig. 1, described absorbent article core has the lumbar region 14,15 of next-door neighbour's widthwise edge 12,13, and with the crotch district 11 that is connected these parts 14,15, this crotch district has a minimum widith " A ".As the example that provides among Fig. 1 a, the width of lumbar region 14,15 approximately is the twice of the width in crotch district 11.

This absorbent article core 10 is connected with liquid-tight egative film 16.Egative film 16 can be by weaving or non-woven material, makes as the composite of non-woven material one class of the polymer thin film of polyethylene or polypropylene thermoplastic thin film one class or lining thin film.Usually, egative film is the thermoplastic film of a layer thickness between the extremely about 0.051mm (2.0mil) of about 0.012mm (0.5mil), for example can be from Tredegar Industries Inc.ofTerre Haute, blowing that RR8220 (blown film) that IN. produces and RR5475 (cast films) obtain or casting polyethylene (PE) thin film.Such egative film 16 has preferably passed through embossing and/or has not had optical processing so that have the outward appearance that more resembles cloth.

In addition, usually preferably, egative film 16 can allow vapour transmission itself can prevent again that liquid from seeing through from egative film 16.

The width of egative film 16 and length dimension be all greater than the size of absorbent article core 10, thereby form the neighboring.The part vertically stretching out the core outside of egative film 16 is referred to as empennage.

Vertical limit 17,18 of the ratio broad of egative film 16 is inwardly folding, thereby to small part covering absorbent core 10.Vertically elastomeric element 21,22 (for example elastic webbing or bar) is contained on limit 19,20 freely.When absorbent device is pulled outwardly stretching, extension at ordinary times as shown in Figure 1, these elastomeric elements are stretched, and obtain better body fit so that in use can shrink.

Now vertically limit 17,18 is in tubulose with folded portions not and arranges 23,24, thereby is connected with 27,28 of the inside vertical limit 17,18 that folds respectively by its terminal tensile flexible member that is connected with end limit 25,26.

In use top flat 29 is positioned on wearer's absorbent article core 10.Top flat 29 is submissive, and is soft.And top flat 29 is that liquid can see through, and makes discharge liquor (for example urine) can see through its whole thickness easily.A variety of materials may be used to make suitable top flat, for example porous foam; Reticulated polymer foam; Plastic film; Perhaps by weaving or the nonwoven web sheet that the combined material of natural fiber (as the wood fiber or cotton fiber), synthetic fibers (as the polymer fiber of polyester, polyethylene fibre one class) or natural fiber and synthetic fibers is made.Can use multiple manufacturing process to produce top flat 29.For example, top flat 29 can by spunbond, make through combing, that soaked in the water, fibrous nonwoven webs that hydrogenation is tangled, combinations thereof or other similar materials.A kind of top flat of frequent use is to make (for example by Veratec Inc. with artificial polypropene staple through carded and heat bonding by means known in the field of textiles, a Division of International Paper Company, ofWalpole, the product of the label P-8 that Massachusetts produces).

Top flat is attached on the whole or most surfaces of absorbent article core basically, perhaps can be above being bonded in partly.Top flat can be foraminous, makes ejection (for example urine or menstruation) permeate it easily.This top flat can also be all or part of flexible.

In order absorption piece to be remained on wearer's the health as mentioned above, and keep registration with the health opening of discharging bodily exudate, this absorbent device needs one or more fixtures.

Such fixture can be a mechanical type, promptly by utilizing frictional force between these articles for use and the wearer's skin or structural support force (for example and wearer's body contours such as hipbone coincide) can overcome the frictional force between gravity and/or this articles for use and the outer goods (for example wearer's coat and/or bedding) basically.

This absorption piece also can pass through traditional closed-system, and for example the whole tape subsystem that forms by the element by belt that scribbles binding agent or mechanical engagement remains in position, so that fix these articles for use or absorption piece around wearer's waist.

Therefore, this absorbent device or absorption piece have the closed-system that is made of band shape sheet clamp device and overlap joint element.Band shape sheet clamp device comprises set district and functional areas, and overlap joint element certain part of stiffener or egative film preferably.This functional part can adopt combination or other any devices well known by persons skilled in the art of multiple structure example such as bonding tightening member, mechanical tightening component, bonding tightening member and mechanical tightening component.

Hold the closed-system of wearer's waist for these, these articles for use preferably also comprise the elastomeric element that can be connected with these closing structures selectively, so that improve and keep the stickiness of these articles for use in the use.

Absorbent device (being referred to as " pant-like diaper " sometimes) is the integral type articles for use (promptly forming the structure of complete closed with the latasuture of sealing in the lumbar region) with pant-like design, form fixing as above-mentioned elasticity underwear thereby have elastomeric element simultaneously, also comprise absorbent article core (include application number that the underwear of elastic part submits on August 1st, 1996 and be in 96112413.8 the european patent application and further describe) in addition.

In addition, aforesaid absorption piece can have the device on the common underwear that is connected to user simplifiedly, and for example the device in being usually used in thin women's sanpro (for example being called " panty-liners ") is represented by fixture 30 in Fig. 1 c.

Another one distortion is to have the be adhesively fixed clamp device of type of top.Described at european patent application 9710666.91, the purpose of this " health is bonding " device is these articles for use directly are fixed on the wearer's skin.

Another one embodiment of the present invention relates to the non-Unitary articles for use, comprise absorption piece and independent fixture or underwear (for example netted or stretching underwear), its substitute that both can be used as conventional underwear also can be attached on wearer's the conventional underwear and use.For a similar design of this non-Unitary parts are attachable belts of describing as among EP-A-0.409.307 people such as () Gipson.

In addition, can have several said fixing devices, for example both have the body adhesives that is administered on the absorption piece, have an additional tensioning member simultaneously or be in the underwear that the double fixed device is arranged according to absorbent device of the present invention.

In the design of non-Unitary, absorption piece and fixed part can be disposable, perhaps one of them or be (for example washing after) that can utilize again all.

The shape absorbent device of Ω-(Omega)

Except above-described structure, the following examples make the present invention be specially adapted to hold urine and/or feces ejection.

The primary key element with basic is, these articles for use be used for wearer and/or use form one at least in the crotch district (particularly at least in urine loading zone or position) produces the structure of raised bumps.The urine loading zone is usually located at from the crotch point of these articles for use position of (promptly normally about 5 centimetres) slightly more forward, corresponding to the narrowest width dimensions of the hard portion of these articles for use.

The device in the crotch district (specifically being the urine loading zone place of articles for use) by being arranged on articles for use can be realized this raised bumps, and in use the health of more closely pressing close to the wearer is compared with the transverse sides of absorption component in the location of the centrage of articles for use, and it is more approaching when being in flat pattern, make its position of center line compare more health with side thus, thereby this absorption component is in fact towards wearer's protuberance upwards near the wearer.

In Fig. 2 a, such absorbent article core 228 forms the shape (that is the mid portion of Ω (Omega)) that raises up.Ω (Omega) than lower part by main element, promptly mainly be that thin film and/or non-woven stock footage form.This structure is called as " Ω-protuberance ".

The absorbent article core of this Ω shape projection needs at least around the position that loads urine, preferably to the front and back of articles for use stretch out at least approximately+/-2.5 centimetres.For comfortable wearing, the crotch district core of this convex shaped should be transited into the preceding and back lumbar part of the articles for use with concave curve, so that center on wearer's waist well.

The elastomeric element that is used for making the side of articles for use and wearer's shank to keep in touch is positioned at the zone than lower part of Ω equally.

Compare with adopting the articles for use of " U " shape or W shape in the prior art, articles for use of the present invention provide special advantage; The slice cutaway view of articles for use 320 has been shown in Fig. 2 b, and it is clear has represented that whole absorption piece is with W formation type or folding.

Ω of the present invention (Omega) protuberance can form the pocket of vertical shaping in the outside of absorption component, and it in use can provide certain benefit.Because absorption component will locate to be loaded at its top " oncus " (230), its absorbing bodily ejection (because having only very little space to allow fluid to flow to other places) fully on the one hand; Secondly, even when using high performance material and structure, gravity helps fluid permeability to receiving in the material, thereby the time that fluid stops on the surface is reduced to minimum, makes and get wearer's skin wet or leak into the minimizing possibility of outside thus.

When having the cored structure combination of time good liquid handling performance, this advantage even become more remarkable.Even urine does not penetrate in the articles for use immediately when contacting with articles for use, it will be along the slope (i.e. the slope of this Ω (Omega)) " outflow " of the bossing that upwards is orientated.If core is being closed (may take place for performance or the relatively poor core of capacity) by the zone of being got wet (lastingly or momently) is full, the fluid that then can not penetrate in the core will be by the side interception of the liquid thoroughly of Ω (Omega), and this side keeps good sealing by the impermeable egative film of liquid (216) with respect to wearer's coat.

Can also see another advantage in Fig. 2 a and 2b, what represent among the figure is to have absorbed a certain amount of urine absorbent article core afterwards.By the expansible core that approaches of expand border 240, back and 242 expressions, under the situation of traditional " W is folding " core, urine will be full of the darker part of this W, and this almost forms a cup that is full of fully (particularly under the impact of wearer's motion).Particularly for the core of forming by the superabsorbent material, the superabsorbent material is tending towards reducing the Test Liquid Permeability of Core of the matrix that comprises these materials, owing to the restriction of how much expansions or owing to lack the transmission of fluid, will cause the expansion of W to be hindered than lower part (towards direction) away from the wearer to these parts.

Yet in situation of the present invention, this core only expands in the raised bumps of " Ω ", does not hinder counter fluid transmission (negatively fluid transport) basically.

If with high performance core combination, the Ω protuberance for the function of fluid treatment change has taken place also: the requirement for transverse sealing now becomes inessential, " but Ω oncus " (230) provide flowing of CD direction, it increases the receiving velocity of liquid by increasing load-carrying area on the CD direction, and can also improving longitudinally significantly, fluid distributes.

In addition, when being loaded with feces in the articles for use, these feces can be deposited on these in the localized machine-direction oriented pocket of absorbent article core lateral outer side, thereby reserve the absorption component surface, are used for receiving further urine and load.Under the situation of the feces of rare relatively (perhaps mobile strong or than low viscosity), (for example when the wearer is in the position of standing owing to gravity) feces can further flow in the crotch district.Yet, have upwards projection and nonhygroscopic side seal herein, feces will be not can the covering absorbent core and can not destroy the performance that it receives urine.

In above-mentioned each situation, egative film (216) must stand these and load, and does not allow infiltration (also is like this even be designed to allow the situation of vapour transmission) under the normal condition of using.

Be understood that easily the pocket of these vertical sides need seal with respect to wearer's skin, for example realize by the elastic device (234) that is placed between egative film (216) and the top flat (236).

Within the scope of the invention, these pockets also can form by be referred to as " shank-closing in " that (for example EP-A-0,263,720 in) as known in the art is used for baby diaper.In a preferred embodiment of this " shank-closing in ", second upstanding part that closes up is located in lateral outer side from the fixed base of same closing in, thereby avoid these to close up, so that lower the ability of the urine that receives fast or even gush out repeatedly in the surface in alignment of absorbent article core.

Comprise a main body for particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, said pocket can be by folded inward and fixedly egative film and top sheet materials form, described egative film and top sheet materials have elastica (as at EP-A-0 on its longitudinal extension limit, describe among 098,512 (Beckestrom)).

Another key element of the present invention is that the raised bumps from the crotch district forms transition to the recessed protuberance of waist when wearing.

Known from the consideration of static state, similar arcual structure has certain structure intensity.This structural strength is the main points of the present invention in the crotch district, and the protuberance that makes progress in the crotch district can produce such arcuate structure.As mentioned above, this raised bumps should be transformed into recessed structure at the waist of articles for use.By the folding round about scraps of paper can clearly be seen that wherein transitional region has tangible intensity and non-deformability in any one end to a direction is folding at the middle part.Based on context, " pocket " that this is in use formed, the perhaps void space between articles for use and wearer's health.

Such pocket has desirable effect, because feces can be stored in by in the void space that forms between Ω protuberance and the wearer, i.e. the part of the concave shape generation transition of the convex shape in the crotch district in the waist of the back upper place of articles for use produces one " rear portion colostomy bag ".This bag has a volume that is fit to be used for holding excrement, comprises from about 10cm ³To about 500cm ³Perhaps more.

This pocket also has advantage in the concrete articles for use design of distinguishing sex, promptly when such pocket be transition region by the front when forming, be space of male genital organ formation.

Such pocket also may be undesirable, for example preparing to be used for not planning when mild incontinence is used splendid attire feces, perhaps in the front region of the articles for use that aim at women's use, when particularly absorbent article core itself is very stiff (for example because highdensity fibre structure).

In all situations, wish it is not, but on desirable position, have this transition in position arbitrarily.Henceforth, a preferred embodiment of the present invention defines from the transition of convex to spill with " turning point (hinges) ".

Relative size between projection, the recessed and transition region depends on the purposes and the wearer of expection.Yet usually the horizontal expansion minimum of these articles for use in the structural requirement use of human body preferably less than 7cm, more preferably is less than 5cm, and most preferred or even less than 4cm.Under the situation of W folded core, this size is 4 times of thickness of core, and under the situation of the core of Ω protuberance, it only is 2 times of thickness of core (ignoring under the condition with the thickness of the irrelevant material of core).In order to keep contact fully in drain site, the length in the zone of raised bumps should be at least about 5cm.This regional upper limit depends on the purposes of expection, can be from the minima of being a bit larger tham described 5cm (for example, for the women, urinary incontinence product) to about 20cm (also will be used for holding the articles for use of feces and needs " rear portion colostomy bag " for expection) variation.

Describing after how each key element of the present invention to interact with each other, providing the more detailed description of each single parts below.

Be used to form the device of persistent Ω (Omega) shape

At present, many absorbent devices are made flat pattern,, do not have special 3D shape that is.Use these articles for use people (that is, user he or she oneself, perhaps similar nursing staff such as caregiver, father and mother) can with difformity with discharge this articles for use by different use steps.

Promptly it is formed preferred Ω shape at least in the crotch district on one's body the time absorbent device being applied to the wearer, normal motion or loading itself can cause this Ω shape not keep fully significantly and/or fully for a long time in the use.Therefore, in order to keep this Ω shape, articles for use are provided with a device, are used for these articles for use being administered in wearer's process on one's body and the maintenance of strengthening Ω shape during use.

The device of this Ω of being used to provide protuberance can be any device, and it can be out of shape or keep the distortion of absorption piece in the crotch district, makes in the process of using and the above-mentioned shape of formation between the operating period.

The simplest mode that realizes Ω shape in articles for use being applied to wearer's process on one's body is with folding these articles for use of appropriate shape by manufacturer.Thereby, the centrage that need extend longitudinally folds these articles for use, make this folded part top flat (in use preparing) towards the wearer outwards and egative film (prepare outward or towards wearer's clothes orientation) inwardly, this folded portions should comprise crotch district, particularly loading zone at least.Follow this folding, the people who uses these articles for use has the device of a Ω shape protuberance in being easy to realize using.

In addition, these articles for use can be folding in any way by manufacturer, but comprise a kind of device, manually produced this Ω shape or supported this Ω shape by the people who uses these articles for use before facing use.

Such device can be (when being in non-Ω shape structure) that is stretched and the elastomeric element that shrinks when using, thereby forms Ω shape, and perhaps it can be to be used for the egative film part device fixed to one another that each is corresponding.

An implementation method is, and is similar to the binding agent that uses in women's sanpro (for example being used for articles for use are fixed on so-called " the underwear fixed adhesive " of wearer's underwear), adopts bonder in a conventional manner simply.Yet in present case, target is that egative film is partly linked together and is not to be to be connected on the medicated clothing.

Can in manufacture process, apply this binding agent, use then for " underwear fixed adhesive " known separate paper to cover.In use, only combine and this separate paper is thrown off before forming Ω shape at each counterpart with egative film.Clearly, in first kind of situation, the packing of these articles for use and transportation are easier, and should be noted that in transportation in second kind of situation and do not destroy/damage its setting.

In addition, can in the manufacture process of articles for use, form this Ω shape.In this case, this bonder can be applied on it when articles for use are in flat and non-protuberance state, and then that each is corresponding egative film partly combines and produces this protuberance.

Another distortion of this Ω shape protuberance device is to utilize mechanical connecting device (for example being commonly referred to " mechanical tightening device "), make be added on the part first member (for example, by hook-forming) with second member (for example, by annular overlap) mechanical engagement.

The preferred distortion that the appropriate section of egative film is fixed together is: not by fixed mode, but by allowing backsheet surface can the slight movement mode to form relative to each other in the vertical.This relative motion has special benefit in wearer's motion (for example walking) process.Then, this Ω shape passage has " distortion " to a certain degree, but the function that can not lose it can not lost its whole Ω shape yet.

If these articles for use are prepared to be worn by movable people (for example movable, the ambulant adult or the child that learns to walk), because it has the comfort sense of increase in the process of walking, thereby particularly useful.

Such structure can be one or more elastic webbings or the bar (for example 240 expressions among Fig. 2 a) with contractility component of at least one CD direction.They can be connected to the widthwise edge (promptly to waist) of egative film rather than the mid portion (being the crotch district) of egative film, thus widthwise edge are moved to together, thereby are formed protuberance upwards or Ω protuberance.Though elastic device of the present invention do not need necessarily to be fixed on outer edge (promptly " Ω " by under base portion) on, but it should be noted that this articles for use setting, making only has being formed by absorbent article core by last bossing of Ω, rather than forms a complete W shape (promptly not having absorbent article core in the zone of flank 225).This can realize by the combination of core with certain degree of hardness and the structural rigidity that is obtained by protuberance.

This flexible member can be placed in the outside or the inside of egative film, but they should be placed in following (promptly away from wearer direction) of absorbent article core part, because otherwise to obtain the probability of U-shaped structure too big.

European patent EP-A-0 discloses the example of using of CD direction stretching structure in 652,175.

Another preferred version is that fixture is arranged on the position of leaving the egative film certain distance (for example by liner or block component), thus articles for use laterally vertically form between the left and right sides on limit one hinged.

In a further advantageous embodiment, not only egative film partly takes place to contact closely, and further whole absorption component is connected on its whole thickness.

Even this makes this shape also can keep better having under the service condition of pressure.

Bear the pressure in the use and become wet though this connection should have enough intensity, connection also should have enough flexibilities, thereby can not increase the uncomfortable of wearer.

Realize between the egative film, egative film and being used for keeps and the attachment device of lasting Ω protuberance between other method of connecting be other known technology, for example use glue, fusion connects and similar method.

In a particularly preferred embodiment aspect the breathable backsheet (for example non-woven material) be, pointwise ground effect hot-air, the specific part fusing with this structure links together thus.

In another embodiment of the present invention, can be kept the upwards convex (that is, Ω shape) of this absorption component by an independent device, this independent device produces a power that makes progress (that is, in use towards the wearer) in the crotch district.

In first embodiment, such lifting piece can be integrally formed in the integral type articles for use, for example this realizes that by laying flexible member in a side of absorption piece (in the use away from wearer direction) this flexible member has a component of contractility longitudinally that is positioned at articles for use.Thus; these parts should be arranged in crotch district and/or loading zone at least; also should be arranged in the longitudinal centre line zone, to such an extent as to promptly can not too far can not form Ω protuberance (if on a left side or right disalignment this can occur usually when being not less than 2.5cm) from this longitudinal centre line.

In second embodiment, such lifting piece also can be arranged in independent parts, and itself and absorbent article core parts (being moisture absorption pad) are not one or whole.This device can be an independent underwear (for example netted underwear) that wears on absorbent device.For one of this application preferred especially underwear is at the patent application Attorney of series application Docket, described in the CM1637Q.

This suitable underwear includes elastic belt, has the anter of first and second parts, has the rear panel of first and second parts, couple together between them and with anter and rear panel crotch district and a pair of resilient leg opening.The first of anter has the enhanced stretch resistance bigger than the second portion of anter in the horizontal.The first of rear panel has the enhanced stretch resistance bigger than the second portion of rear panel in the horizontal.The crotch district is provided with a longitudinal stretching control piece that is provided with along the longitudinal centre line of underwear.This longitudinal stretching control piece restriction crotch district stretching in vertically makes that the crotch district can adaptive wearer's skin surface.Stretching control piece and its extend to belt from the longitudinal stretching control piece before being provided with one in the anter.Be provided with an after-drawing control piece in the rear panel and it extends to belt from the longitudinal stretching control piece.

Suitable underwear although it is so can be made by the material with desired mechanical property as known in the art, but preferably knitting, make the knitting type by being used for particular elements and the combination of employed yarn obtain having the mechanical property of different components.In a concrete preferred embodiment, longitudinal stretching control piece and crotch district one are knitting, and preceding stretching control piece and anter one are knitting, and after-drawing control piece and rear panel one are knitting.

In addition, two or more above-mentioned parts can be combined in this absorbent device.For example, moisture absorption pad that can this underwear that preferably can stretch will fold in advance by (recited above) remains in the position.Perhaps, non-folding in advance pad can produce Ω shape structure by elastic component (this elastic component is in elongation state in the transportation of articles for use), and before using pad, just produce Ω shape structure, and this pad can be held in place by traditional stretched underwear (such as underwear), and do not need special member to keep this Ω shape, it is fixing on the throne perhaps can to support underwear by improved Ω shape.In addition, body adhesives also is suitable with the combination of the integral type articles for use that fold in advance, and these integral type articles for use have the elastic device that is used for forming the MD direction of lifting force on crotch district or loading zone.

Bend line (hinge lines)

As explaining in the above, " male-female " transition should not be optionally to locate, and should appear on the desirable position.This can be by in these articles for use, particularly (if it is parts the hardest in these articles for use) be provided with " turning device " and realizes in absorbent article core.

There are not these attachment devices, this transition appears at the somewhere, the outside in crotch district usually, may be forwardly also may be in the rear portion, in these positions owing to lack the restriction of wearer's both legs, this Ω shape can be launched, allow easier transition thus, this transition may still cause the reduction of deleterious distortion or structure.

Therefore it is evident that limiting from raised bumps will be very useful to the transition region of recessed protuberance, this qualification can realize by form bend line in absorbent structure.

Such bend line can form by the whole bag of tricks, for example cutting or mold pressing are (promptly, on whole hygroscopic piece, produce highdensity line, feasible easy curved edge) in these high-density lines, perhaps low-density line (for example, by articles for use being formed make but keep the zone of same thickness to produce simultaneously) by low quantitative material.

Promote the bend line of described convex-concave transition to extend to the longitudinal centre line direction from the outside vertically limit of core or the parts of definite articles for use hardness, promptly these bend lines should be designed to have horizontal orientation.These bend lines can be straight line or curve, thus the specific design of optimization articles for use and meet the physiological structure of target wearer colony.And the length of bend line can be selected at an easy rate.In addition, can use several independently lines in each transition region, perhaps a line can be divided into other several.Preferably, these bend lines do not run through the whole width of absorption component, and are because may cause the detrimental loss on the intensity or on the globality like this, particularly all the more so in concrete use.

Such bend line can pass through the whole bag of tricks, for example cutting or mold pressing are (promptly, go up the highdensity line of generation in whole rigid component (for example absorbent article core), edge in these high-density lines is crooked easily thus), perhaps the low-density line (for example, hang down the quantitative material district by in hard components, forming, and make its consistency be lower than high quantification area on every side) form.

Design capacity and final storage volume

In order to contrast the absorbent device of different final service conditions or different size, find that " design energy " is a suitable tolerance.

For example, the baby represents a typical use crowd, even but in this crowd, to the baby that learns to walk, the frequency of urine amount, load, the composition of urine are all different widely from young infant (neonate) for one side, and, for example in the different babies that respectively learns to walk, above-mentioned value also has nothing in common with each other.

Another use crowd is bigger child, still has the inconvenience of a definite form.

In addition, the adult of incontinence also can use this articles for use in the scope of broad loading condition, promptly from so-called light incontinence to serious incontinence.

Therefore, the articles for use that can satisfy this requirement should have the ability that absorbs above-mentioned amount of urine, and this is called " design capacity " in further discussing.

These amount of urine must finally be stored the absorbed of body fluid or at least the moisture of these materials partially absorb, thereby make the liquid (if any) have only minute quantity stay articles for use surface towards wearers skin." finally " speech refer on the one hand absorbent device long wear number of times the time state, refer to the hygroscopic material that with the surrounding balance time, reaches " termination capacity " on the other hand.This situation can be to be in absorbent device under the true user mode long after wearing number of times, perhaps also can be in the process of the test that is in simple material or material composition.Because many processes of being considered all have dynamic progressive nature, when the capacity of design for example reaches with respect to the measuring accuracy of equipment when being enough near progressive end points, those of ordinary skill in the art can think and reached " finally " capacity.

Because absorbent device can comprise the material that mainly is designed to final storage of liquids, the material that mainly is designed to finish other function (as receiving and/or dispersing liquid) but also can has certain final memory capacity, suitable core materials according to the present invention are to cut apart under the prerequisite of these functions at view not to be described with thinking.But, can for each zone of whole absorbent article core, absorbent article core, absorbent structure or or even substructure determine final memory capacity, also can determine the used material of aforementioned components.

When the present invention was used for the absorbent device of other different final uses, those of ordinary skill in the art can be easy to mine massively for other target end user and get suitable design.

In order to determine or estimate the final design stores energy of absorbent device, many methods have been proposed.

In narration of the present invention, the final memory capacity of supposing absorbent device is the summation of the final moisture absorption capacity of each element or material.For these independent elements, can use various mature technique, as long as can using in comparison process continuously, these technology just can.For example, the centrifugal capacity test of tea-bag of developing and setting up for the superabsorbent polymer can be used for the superabsorbent polymeric material, also can be used for other material (as above).

In case the capacity of each material is known, the capacity of total absorbent device can draw by the weight of material in used being somebody's turn to do in these values (milliliter/gram) and the absorbent device is multiplied each other.

For special function is not the material (as receiving layer etc.) of the final storage of liquid, final stored energy can be ignored, this is in fact only to have low-down capability value owing to compare this material with the final liquid storage material of special use, perhaps this class material is not for loaded liquid, and they are discharged into liquid on other final storage medium.

By these qualifications, so-called " panty-liners " presents low-down several milliliters or final memory capacity still less.Sanitary pad's final memory capacity is generally about 20 milliliters, the final memory capacity of slight urinary incontinence articles for use is for example 75 milliliters or about 90 milliliters, the final memory capacity of medium urinary incontinence articles for use or young infant is about 165 milliliters, the final memory capacity of baby diaper of learning to walk reaches 300 milliliters or more, and the final memory capacity of serious incontinence article is 600 milliliters or more.

The centrifugal capacity test of tea-bag

What the centrifugal capacity test of tea-bag was measured is the centrifugal capability value of tea-bag, and it is an index weighing fluid preservation amount in the gel rubber material under the hydrostatic(al) mechanical pressure.

The superabsorbent material is placed in one " tea-bag ", it is immersed in the sodium chloride solution of a kind of 0.9% (weight), soaked 20 minutes, used centrifuge then centrifugal 3 minutes.The liquid weight of being preserved is exactly the absorptive capacity of superabsorbent material with the ratio of the initial weight of drying material.

The distilled water solution of the sodium chloride of 2 liter of 0.9% weight is poured in the tray that is of a size of 5 centimetres of 24 cm x, 30 cm x.The packed height of liquid should be about 3 centimetres.

The tea-bag parcel is of a size of 6.5 centimetres of 6.5 cm x, can buy from the Teekanne company of German Dusseldorf.The plastic bag sealing machine for kitchen use of an available standard (for example VACUPACK2PLUS that is produced by German Krups) seals parcel.

, open it the tea-bag partial cut by carefully, weigh up its weight then.About 0.200 gram (being accurate to+/-0.005 gram) superabsorbent material sample is put into tea-bag.With heat sealing machine tea-bag is sealed then.This just is known as the sample tea-bag.

Seal an empty tea-bag again, with it as blank bag.

Each bag is held horizontally, and rocks the sample tea-bag then, thereby makes the superabsorbent material distribute more evenly in whole bag.Subsequently sample tea-bag and blank tea-bag are placed on the surface of saline solution, and are pressed in the solution, make its submergence 5 minutes (tea-bag can float on the surface of saline solution earlier, but subsequently can be moistening fully) fully with a spatula.Pick up counting immediately.

After soaking 20 minutes, sample tea-bag and blank tea-bag are taken out from saline solution, and put into a Bauknecht WS130, in Bosch 772NZK096 or the similar centrifuge (diameter is 230 millimeters), make each pouch all paste the outer wall of centrifugal basket.The lid of centrifuge is covered, start centrifuge, speed is brought up to 1400 rev/mins rapidly.When the stabilization of speed of centrifuge during at 1400 rev/mins, the starting timer.After 3 minutes, centrifuge is stopped.

Sample tea-bag and blank tea-bag are taken out, weigh respectively.

Calculate the centrifugal capacity of tea-bag (TCC) of hygroscopic materials sample according to the methods below:

Sample tea-bag weight after TCC=[(is centrifugal)-(the blank tea-bag weight after centrifugal)-(weight of the hygroscopic materials of doing)] ÷ (weight of dried hygroscopic materials).

Claims (10)

1. disposable absorbent diaper that is used to receive urine and feces comprises:

Top flat (29), egative film (16) and be positioned between the two absorbent article core (10);

Wherein, described core (10) comprises front waist region and back waist region, and these two zones all are that concave shape is with suitable with wearer's health;

It is characterized in that described core (10) comprises the urine loading zone, this district has upwards the raised bumps shape towards the wearer;

Wherein, described raised bumps be by at least in described urine loading zone along folding in advance this diaper of the longitudinal centre line of diaper, make at least some parts of egative film (16) of covering absorbent core (10) be in direct contact with one another to realize;

And described core also comprises the free vertically limit (19,20) of containing elastic component (21,22), and the vertical limit of described freedom forms by described egative film is inwardly folding;

Described diaper also comprises between front waist region and the urine loading zone or the one or more transition regions between back waist region and the urine loading zone;

And the described transition region of absorbent article core (10) forms at least one bag, and described bag is positioned at the position of vertically departing from backward.

2. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 1, the described raised bumps shape that it is characterized in that the urine loading zone is to form by the binding agent that is applied to from the outside on the egative film (16).

3. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 1, the described raised bumps shape that it is characterized in that the urine loading zone forms by mechanical meshing device, the location of turning up the soil, the centrage lateral separation of at least a portion of described device and the longitudinal extension of described diaper.

4. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 1, but it is characterized in that the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone realizes by the elastic telescopic parts, and described parts have the force component on the direction of the machine direction of lying across at least.

5. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 3, the described device that it is characterized in that being used to obtaining the described raised bumps shape of urine loading zone is fixed on the transverse sides of described core (10,228), and is fixing in central authorities.

6. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described diaper have length and width dimensions and with all vertical z direction of above-mentioned two sizes,

But the described device that wherein is used for obtaining in the raised bumps shape of urine loading zone is the parts (234) of elastic telescopic, and it has the force component of machine direction at least, in use applies a force component towards the z direction of wearer's orientation at least.

7. according to each described moisture absorption diaper in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that:

Described diaper also comprises and is used for described diaper is fixed on fixture on the wearer's body.

8. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 7 is characterized in that described fixture comprises belt and overlap joint zone, ground bonded to each other, its forward and backward lumbar region with diaper or mechanically be fixed together.

9. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 7 is characterized in that described fixture also comprises the elastic component that is used for diaper is remained on the position.

10. moisture absorption diaper according to claim 1, the design capacity that it is characterized in that described absorbent article core (10) is greater than 70 milliliters of urines.

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