CN1252768C - Electromagnetic switchgear comprising controlled drive, corresponding method and circuit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic switchgear comprising controlled drive, corresponding method and circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1252768C CN1252768C CNB00816634XA CN00816634A CN1252768C CN 1252768 C CN1252768 C CN 1252768C CN B00816634X A CNB00816634X A CN B00816634XA CN 00816634 A CN00816634 A CN 00816634A CN 1252768 C CN1252768 C CN 1252768C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- magnetic field
- electromagnetic
- armature
- stroke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
- H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
- H01F2007/1894—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings minimizing impact energy on closure of magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
- H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
- H01H2047/046—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides that, in an electromagnetic switchgear, the travel-time behavior of the contact carrier (5) is measured using a magnetic field sensor (10). To this end, a microprocessor (16) evaluates the output signal of the magnetic field sensor (10) and determines the velocity of the contact carrier (5) or of a part which is interactively connected in a fixed manner to the same. The microprocessor (10) controls the current of the coil (3) of the electromagnetic system according to said evaluation and determination. The invention also relates to a corresponding method and to a circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic switchgear that is used to influence, especially the method for the closing speed of contactor, wherein, described electromagnetic switchgear comprises an electromagnetic system, this electromagnetic system has an armature, this armature is fixedlyed connected with the contact supporting that has moving contact, this moving contact is used for disconnecting and connecting circuit in conjunction with fixed contact, wherein, write down the stroke-time response curve of contact supporting and it is flowed to a control unit, regulate the stroke-time response curve of described contact supporting by described control unit according to the device specific characteristic curve of a storage.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of electromagnetic switchgear and a kind of circuit that is used to drive electromagnetic switchgear of correspondence.
Background technology
German patent application DE 25 01 799A disclose a kind of method that influences the closing speed of electromagnetic switchgear as above-mentioned being used to.Wherein, only very rough and influence closing speed indefinitely in each half-wave of supply voltage by a phase shift control that brings by triac (Triac), and be not measuring speed, just only reduce speed by 10 milliseconds beat very roughly, connect with the flexibility that realizes electromagnetic system, also reduce simultaneously mechanical endurance at the loss power of inhaling moving state thereby improve.
The electromagnetic switchgear that has electronic driving mechanism up to now closes at Qi Guan and controls by coil current aspect the characteristic.Characteristic is closed in the pass of this electric driver mechanism following shortcoming:
-contact bounce phenomenon increases
Reduce-electric useful life
-mechanical wear strengthens
-machinery reduces useful life
-commutation noise is big
In driving mechanism for switches up to now, be to be independent of the operating voltage ground that is added to form minimum coil current by Current Control.Thus, electromagnetic drive mechanism can be independent of the control voltage ground that added, produce motion by as far as possible little magnetic pumping.Reduce to control the influence of feed voltage in this way, for uncontrolled driving mechanism for switches, this control feed voltage can significantly reduce closing speed.Yet the above-mentioned speed that but can not support with the contact of switchgear the excitation of coil is complementary.This can cause do not expect the moving contact that occurs and the high closing speed of magnetic driving mechanism.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to method, device and accessory circuit,, the closing speed of switch connecting element is optimized by control coil electric current correspondingly by the above-mentioned type is provided.
According to the present invention, the method that above-mentioned purpose is a kind of to be used to influence the closing speed of electromagnetic switchgear (1) realizes, wherein, electromagnetic switchgear comprises an electromagnetic system, this electromagnetic system has an armature, this armature is fixedlyed connected with the contact supporting that has moving contact, this moving contact is used for disconnecting and connecting circuit in conjunction with fixed contact, wherein, write down the stroke-time response curve of contact supporting and it is flowed to a control unit, regulate the stroke-time response curve of described contact supporting according to the device specific characteristic curve of a storage by described control unit, according to the present invention, after described electromagnetic switchgear is connected for the first time, determine the static resting position of described contact supporting, determined resting position is stored, so that be used for follow-up switching process by described control unit, and this control unit (16) utilizes the static resting position of the being stored reference value as on-position in follow-up switching process.
Adopt magnetic field sensor to measure each contact bearing position, and derive speed by the time graph of contact supporting stroke.This preferably can realize that this magneto-resistor produces a linear output signal according to the variation in magnetic field by adopting a large-scale magnetic (sending a telegraph) resistance device (Giant-Magneto-Resistors).Thus, can obtain the time response curve and and then the governing speed of stroke by simple and cheap mode.
Another object of the present invention realizes that by a kind of electromagnetic switchgear it has one and has the contact system of fixed contact and moving contact and the contact supporting that is supported moving contact, and this contact supporting is fixedlyed connected with the armature of an electromagnetic system.。More advantageously adopt a magnetic field sensor to measure the time response of stroke, can measure the variation in the magnetic field that produces by permanent magnet by this magnetic field sensor.Permanent magnet preferably is fixed on the armature of electromagnetic system.The time response that the time response of measured armature travel is equivalent to the contact supporting stroke that is connected with this armature and is fixed on the contact travel in this contact supporting.
The purpose that the present invention is relevant to be provided for driving the circuit of electromagnetic switchgear realizes by a kind of drive circuit that is used for electromagnetic switchgear, it has a coil and a processing unit, wherein, this coil is connected with a switch element, and is used for triggering a contact system at an electromagnetic system with armature; And this processing unit is attached thereto for the control switch element, wherein, this processing unit is connected with a magnetic field sensor, this magnetic field sensor can be measured the stroke-time response curve of described armature, wherein, described processing unit is constituted like this, make and to regulate described stroke-time response curve of stating armature by its device specific characteristic curve according to a storage, according to the present invention, described processing unit is constituted like this, make: after described electromagnetic switchgear is connected for the first time, determine the static resting position of described contact supporting (5), determined resting position is stored,, and in follow-up switching process, the static resting position of being stored is introduced as the reference value of on-position so that it is used for all follow-up switching processes.
Description of drawings
By accompanying drawing one embodiment of the invention are described in detail below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates an electromagnetic switchgear;
Fig. 2 illustrates the sensor characteristics curve that a usefulness magnetic field sensor records;
Fig. 3 illustrates a circuit that is used to drive electromagnetic switchgear;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that is used for regulating automatically switchgear of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of switching manipulation when being used for operate as normal.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is an electromagnetic switchgear 1, the simplification view of a contactor for example, wherein shows to some critical pieces required for the present invention are described.This switchgear 1 has one and comprises the fixing electromagnetic system of yoke 2, a coil 3 and a moving armature 4.Armature 4 supports 5 with a contact fixedlys connected.Have moving contact 6 in the contact supporting 5.By correspondingly triggering electromagnetic system, this moving contact 6 can be used for disconnecting or connecting circuit in conjunction with fixed contact 7.Switchgear 1 has a thin plate 8 that has a Drive and Control Circuit in addition in known manner, is used to control the coil current of magnet exciting coil 3.
According to the present invention, some devices 9,10 are equipped with on the switchgear, be used for the stroke-time response curve of 5 or fixedly connected with it parts of measuring contacts supporting.
As such device, permanent magnet 9 and magnetic field sensor 10 that is fixed on the armature 4, for example a large-scale magneto-resistor are arranged.This magneto-resistor is combined in the circuit board 8.When master cock equipment 1, permanent magnet 9 drives contact supporting 5 and armature 4 moves together.Magnetic field sensor 10 is measured the changes of magnetic field that causes thus.Magnetic field sensor (is large-scale magneto-resistor at this) produces a resistance R that is directly proportional with the magnet stroke s of permanent magnet 9, that is to say, this resistance R is the reflection of permanent magnet 9 or contact supporting 5 and armature 4 positions.In this sensor characteristics curve shown in Figure 2 that records with magnetic field sensor 10, provided the correlation of resistance R and magnet stroke s.
Fig. 3 simply illustrates the control circuit on the circuit board 8, and this is essential for understanding the present invention.
Be used to connect the input terminal A1 of direct current voltage (DC) or alternating voltage (AC) and the circuit input end of A2 has a rectifier 11 having, direct current is given in its series circuit feedback of being made up of a contactor coil 12 (being equivalent to 3 among Fig. 1), a switching transistor 13 and a shunt resistance 14 after one is connected its output.There is a diode circuit that constitutes self-oscillating circuit (Freilaufkreis) in parallel by known mode with contactor coil 12.Analyze the electric current of obtaining contactor coil 12 by shunt resistance 14, for this reason, the voltage that is carried on the shunt resistance 14 is flowed to an analog to digital-transducer 15 and a microprocessor 16 as intelligent control unit subsequently.In addition, also will load feed voltage on it by a resistive divider that is positioned at rectifier 11 outputs flows to microprocessor 16 and is used for analyzing.In addition, in the control signal input microprocessor 16 that is directly proportional with resistance R with magnetic field sensor 10.According to above-mentioned three kinds of input parameters be coil current, feed voltage and with the corresponding voltage U in position of contact supporting 5 or stroke-time response curve of deriving thus, microprocessor 16 passes to switching transistor 13 by an amplifier 17 with switching signal.
By microprocessor 16 as intelligent control unit, and the position by measuring contact supporting 5 during switching process and and then measure its stroke-time response curve, can realize the optimization of the closing speed of switching devices driving mechanism.Present speed and an optimum speed rated value that is used for this switchgear of driving mechanism are compared.Look the deviation size, correspondingly regulating winding electric current and endeavour the velocity amplitude that reaches desirable.The indicatrix that concerns between the position by storage response speed and switchgear can be by magnet stroke s change speed, and and then realize corresponding less contact closure speed and magnet closing speed.When realizing that contact and electromagnetic drive mechanism flexibility (soft) are closed, also can realize less retarded closing thus.
Certainly, also can imagine permanent magnet 9 is fixed on other parts, these parts, for example contact supporting 5 are driven thereupon together.
In order to realize the automatic adjusting of switching devices 1, take steps by flow chart shown in Figure 4.At this, after direct current or unadjusted electric current were connected for the first time, intelligent control unit 16 was obtained the resting position of contact supporting 5.The reference value of this expression " connection " position is stored, and being used for all switching manipulations subsequently, thereby can cancel the adjustment and the adjustment process of trouble.In switching manipulation subsequently,, can be adjusted in the speed in the contact travel by the stroke that is applicable to this switchgear-time response curve or the speed characteristic curve of a storage according to chart shown in Figure 5.Can soon implement to slow down before the closure at contact and electromagnetic drive mechanism.Can improve electric and mechanical useful life significantly thus.In addition, it is contemplated that, speed characteristic curve and some service condition are complementary, and then are optimized.
The automatic adjusting of switchgear shown in Figure 1 can follow these steps to carry out in factory or user there:
1. apply one go code (square frame 21).
2. make the contact closure (square frame 22) of switchgear.
3. write down the resting position (square frame 23) of contact system by magnetic field sensor.
4. this resting position is stored (square frame 24) as the reference value of " connection " position.
5. cancellation goes code, that is breaking-off contact (square frame 25).
Switching manipulation when other is used for operate as normal is carried out according to flow chart shown in Figure 5.It comprises the following steps:
In case have one to go code, just in square frame 26, check, whether inquiry is controlled voltage and is higher than a threshold value U in square frame 27 then
MinIf not so, just by square frame 28 outputs one Trouble Report.If be higher than threshold value really, just in square frame 29 the starting switch process and subsequently in square frame 30 by the aforementioned characteristic curve of having stored, governing speed is connected until switchgear.In square frame 31, be adjusted to holding current subsequently.Then monitoring in square frame 32, whether this goes code effective, allows switch equipment rest on responsive state subsequently or by square frame 33 cut-off switch equipment.
Claims (11)
1. method that is used to influence the closing speed of electromagnetic switchgear (1), wherein, described electromagnetic switchgear (1) comprises an electromagnetic system, this electromagnetic system has an armature (4), this armature is fixedlyed connected with the contact supporting (5) that has moving contact (6), this moving contact is used for disconnecting and connecting circuit in conjunction with fixed contact (7), wherein
-record contact supports the stroke-time response curve of (5) and it is flowed to a control unit (16),
-regulate stroke-time response curve that described contact supports (5) by described control unit (16) according to the characteristic curve of the record stroke-time performance of a storage,
It is characterized in that,
-after described electromagnetic switchgear is connected for the first time, determine the static resting position of described contact supporting (5),
-determined resting position is stored, so that be used for follow-up switching process by described control unit (16), and
-this control unit (16) utilizes the static resting position of the being stored reference value as on-position in follow-up switching process.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, measures stroke-time response curve by a magnetic field sensor (10), and this transducer produces an output signal according to the variation in magnetic field.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described magnetic field sensor (10) is designed to large-scale magneto-resistor (10).
4. as claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that described magnetic field sensor (10) is measured a magnetic field that is fixed on the permanent magnet (9) on the armature.
5. as each described method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, before contact (6,7) and magnetic driving mechanism are about to closure, reduce speed by the electric current of control coil (3) correspondingly.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described electromagnetic switchgear (1) is contactor (1).
7. drive circuit that is used for electromagnetic switchgear (1), it has a coil (12) and a processing unit (16), wherein, this coil (12) is connected with a switch element (13), and is used for triggering a contact system at an electromagnetic system with armature (4); And this processing unit (16) is attached thereto for control switch element (13), wherein, this processing unit (16) is connected with a magnetic field sensor (10), this magnetic field sensor (10) can be measured the stroke-time response curve of described armature (4), wherein, described processing unit (16) is constituted so the feasible stroke-time response curve that can regulate described armature (4) by its characteristic curve according to the record stroke-time performance of a storage
It is characterized in that, described processing unit (16) is constituted like this, make
-after described electromagnetic switchgear is connected for the first time, determine the static resting position of described contact supporting (5),
-determined resting position is stored, so that it is used for all follow-up switching processes, and
-in follow-up switching process, the static resting position of being stored is introduced as the reference value of on-position.
8. drive circuit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described magnetic field sensor (10) is designed to large-scale magneto-resistor (10).
9. drive circuit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described electromagnetic switchgear (1) is contactor (1).
10. an electromagnetic switchgear (1), it has a contact supporting (5) that has the contact system and a supporting moving contact (6) of fixed contact (7) and moving contact (6), and this contact supporting is fixedlyed connected with the armature (4) of an electromagnetic system,
It is characterized in that having one in the described electromagnetic switchgear (1) as claim 7 or 8 described drive circuits.
11. electromagnetic switchgear as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, on contact supporting (5) or fixedly connected with it parts a permanent magnet (9) is set, the magnetic field sensor of this permanent magnet and described drive circuit (10) concurs.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19958444 | 1999-12-03 | ||
| DE19958444.3 | 1999-12-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1402878A CN1402878A (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| CN1252768C true CN1252768C (en) | 2006-04-19 |
Family
ID=7931386
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB00816634XA Expired - Fee Related CN1252768C (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2000-11-17 | Electromagnetic switchgear comprising controlled drive, corresponding method and circuit |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1234316B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003515905A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1252768C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50008358D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001041174A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030123212A1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-07-03 | Dunk Michael P. | Control system for electrical switchgear |
| DE10227278B4 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2012-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control circuit for an electromagnetic actuator |
| DE10331339A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-03 | Siemens Ag | Electromagnetic switching device |
| DE602004032582D1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2011-06-16 | Gen Electric | ELECTRICAL CONTACTOR AND ASSOCIATED CONTACTOR LOCK CONTROL METHOD |
| JP5188812B2 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2013-04-24 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Method and apparatus for operating switchgear safely |
| CN101203931B (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2012-04-04 | 西门子公司 | Electromagnetic switching device and operating method |
| US7602271B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2009-10-13 | American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. | Electronically actuated apparatus using solenoid actuator with integrated sensor |
| DE102008046374B3 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-12-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electromagnetic switchgear e.g. relay, has contact system standing in effective connection with magnetic system, and sensor arranged at side of yoke lying opposite to movable armature, where sensor detects impact torque of armature |
| CN101813750B (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2014-04-16 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor |
| CN101814398A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-25 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | Alternating current contactor and control method thereof |
| JP5999300B2 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2016-09-28 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Electromagnetic switchgear |
| DE102012013491B3 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-09-26 | Auto-Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Electrical disconnector device for disconnecting 50V battery and electric motor of e.g. pure electric car in case of accident, has disconnector formed of permanent magnet, and sensor arranged outside housing |
| CN104155908A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Intelligent contactor closed-loop control system and method based on follow-up control in moving process |
| DE102016107127A1 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Epcos Ag | relay |
| BE1025259B1 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-01-07 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electromechanical relay for determining a position of an anchor |
| DE102018120984B4 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2022-03-31 | Tdk Electronics Ag | switching device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2601799A1 (en) * | 1976-01-20 | 1977-07-21 | Licentia Gmbh | Switch for electromagnetic contact actuation - has sensor in contactor electromagnetic range whose signals affect electronic switching element |
| US5825593A (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1998-10-20 | Seagate Technology, Inc. | Electric field modulated MR sensor |
| DE19544207C2 (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 2001-03-01 | Univ Dresden Tech | Process for model-based measurement and control of movements on electromagnetic actuators |
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 DE DE50008358T patent/DE50008358D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-17 CN CNB00816634XA patent/CN1252768C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-17 EP EP00987163A patent/EP1234316B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-17 WO PCT/DE2000/004072 patent/WO2001041174A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-17 JP JP2001542350A patent/JP2003515905A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1234316B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
| CN1402878A (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| JP2003515905A (en) | 2003-05-07 |
| EP1234316A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
| WO2001041174A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
| DE50008358D1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |