CN1252372C - Conveying tool along non-vertical well - Google Patents

Abstract

A conveyance apparatus for conveying at least one logging tool through an earth formation traversed by a horizontal or highly deviated borehole is disclosed. The conveyance apparatus comprises a pair of arcuate-shaped cams pivotally mounted to a support member, means for biasing the arcuate surface of each cam into contact with the borehole wall, and actuators operatively connected to each cam. A logging tool is attached to the conveyance apparatus. When either actuator is activated in a first direction, the cam connected to the activated actuator is linearly displaced forward and the arcuate surface of the cam slides along the borehole wall. When either actuator is activated in a second direction, the activated actuator pulls the connected cam backwards and the biasing means thereby urges the arcuate surface of the cam to lock against the borehole wall. Once the cam is locked, further movement of the actuator propels both the conveyance apparatus and the logging tool forward along the highly deviated or horizontal borehole.

Description

Equipment and method along non-perpendicular well means of delivery

Technical field

The application be proposed on September 5th, 1997, the continuation of U.S. Patent application just on the docket 08/924,672 partly applies for, the right of the provisional application 60/088,645 that the application also will propose on June 9th, 1998.

The present invention relates generally to the instrument induction system, more specifically to a kind of method and apparatus along non-perpendicular well means of delivery.

Background technology

Be output hydrocarbon economically from mineral reserve, pass the stratum more prevalently and get out and depart from the well of vertical direction traditionally.This departing from can or be departed from vertical axis by increasing angles gradually by a certain acute angle and got out well and draw.This departing from also can draw by getting out from vertical and the horizontally extending well of eye.In general, instrument is tied up on the cable, it is fallen into well survey these deflections of record or circumocular stratum of horizontal well and completion.These instruments are normally carried along well or boring by means of gravity.But when very big or well inner surface was coarse especially at bore angle, gravity just was not enough to overcome instrument and the cable frictional force to the well inner surface.Hard device such as drilling rod and flexible pipe once were used to promote logging tool along the boring of level or high deflection.But, carry with drilling rod and flexible pipe to be ideally suited for full terms.For example, joint and disengagement drilling rod are not only taken a lot of work but also expensive, and flexible pipe is carried because the helical form distortion of body also has limitation.

The test that promotes instrument along inclined shaft in the past comprises: make the wheel that driven on these tool coatings and along the well Drag tool, or make instrument have the claw that hydraulically stretches out from its outside.But, these systems are put into some well tool can have any problem, can cause bad consequence.For example, drive the motor that the wheel that stretches out needs the enough power of tool from instrument, load onto these motors and often require motor to be received on the respective wheel by 90 degree gear-boxes.Claw can also can be restricted, because the relevant actuating tube that straddles on the instrument all is being restricted on the installing space He on the required vestibule length from the distance that tool surfaces is stretched out.A lot of developments and check and the device of the used very great machinery of cleaning pipeline can not be in order to along the well means of delivery that in order to drive this is just because the well of minor diameter has caused the restriction on the size along tube chamber.The diameter of a lot of oil well casings is no more than about 4in or 6in.

In addition, electronic downhole system should be that efficient is higher so that reduce cable current and the consume that reduces through this electric current of very long cable transmission aspect as far as possible.It's a pity, increase cable size and supply with more high-powerly,, all increased simultaneously along horizontal hole and drag the required dynamics of heavier cable no matter be hydraulic power or electric power.

Summary of the invention

This just require a kind of more economically, easily along the equipment of boring level or high deflection part means of delivery.Theoretically, a kind of conveying equipment should be able to be applicable to a lot of different internal diameters on the same well easily.Preferably also make a kind of means of delivery that contacts the well inner surface when stopping power or other faults that can estimate take place, also can break away from wellbore surface reliably so that retrieving tool safely.

The invention is characterized in the delivered downhole system that improves, in order to carry instrument along non-perpendicular well as logging tool one class.

Press one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of in order to carry the equipment of an instrument along a non-perpendicular well, equipment has:

Elongate housing can be connected on it on instrument that must be transferred; It is characterized in that,

Housing has a slit;

Retraction assemblies has a cam fixator and an overhanging piston, and this cam fixator is arranged to extend laterally housing, and is connected with housing on a pivoting point, and this pivoting point can be along this housing straight-line displacement; With

Actuator, do and to be operatively connected with housing, and be configured to make cam fixator pivoting point to do straight-line displacement along housing, this cam fixator, has the cam cambered surface, in order to cam fixator pivoting point during at the first direction top offset and the well inner surface do the engagement of sliding, and in order to being stuck on the well inner surface during at the second direction top offset at cam fixator pivoting point, thus along the well means of delivery;

Retraction assemblies can be along the housing slit forwardly and do straight-line displacement between the rear position by actuator, overhanging piston stretches out retraction assemblies, and be arranged to make it when retraction assemblies moves on to its anterior position, to mesh and be subjected to the extruding of housing, thereby shift the cam fixator onto its extended position with the surface of shell that is positioned at slit one end.

Equipment preferably has: the first and second described cam fixators, on the respective pivot that keeps at a certain distance away along housing, be connected with housing, and the cam cambered surface of cam fixator is aimed on a common direction.The first and second described actuator configurations become to make the first and second cam fixator pivoting points to distinguish displacement individually so that along the well means of delivery.

In some preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cam fixator can forward on the punctured position and throws off with its cam cambered surface and well inner surface around its pivoting point.In some cases, spring is arranged to make the cam fixator to be partial to its punctured position.

In certain embodiments, the cam fixator has the opposing fixture of a pair of direction, is pivotably connected with housing on a common pivoting point and is arranged to simultaneously relative part engagement with the well inner surface.Two fixtures can forward on the punctured position and throw off the well inner surface with its cam cambered surface around its common pivoting point, and equipment also has a spring, is arranged to make two fixtures to be partial to its punctured position.

In some cases, the cam fixator has a plurality of convex bodys, and convex body stretches out the cam cambered surface so that be stuck on the well inner surface.These convex bodys preferably are made of hard durable material such as carbide.

The well inner surface can be made of soil or oil well casing for instance.

In certain embodiments, the instrument that is transferred has: a logging sensor, the feature of down-hole well is reacted; Electronic instrument can start actuator.

Equipment preferably can automatically be retracted to the cam fixator on its punctured position under the motorless situation.In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, equipment has a retraction assemblies, and retraction assemblies has a cam fixator and an overhanging piston.Retraction assemblies can be along the housing slit forwardly and do straight-line displacement between the rear position by actuator, overhanging piston stretches out retraction assemblies, and be arranged to make it when retraction assemblies moves on to its anterior position, to mesh and be subjected to the extruding of housing, thereby the cam fixator is shifted onto on its extended position with the surface of shell that is positioned at slit one end.

In certain embodiments, retraction assemblies has a retraction assemblies housing, a contraction piston and an extension spring.The contraction piston is positioned at the thorax hole of retraction assemblies housing and is connected with cam fixator pivoting point.Shrink piston and overhanging piston do hydraulic communication also can be at housing thorax hole intrinsic displacement so that when overhanging piston pressurized, move pivoting point.Extension spring is connected with the cam fixator with the retraction assemblies housing, and is arranged to and can pushes the cam fixator to its extended position when overhanging piston pressurized.

In a preferred embodiment, retraction assemblies has: one first one way stop peturn valve, be arranged to when overhanging piston pressurized, to make hydraulic fluid from overhanging piston flow to shrinking piston; One normally open solenoid valve, be arranged to can be on electromagnetic valve during no-voltage hydraulic fluid from shrinking piston flow to overhanging piston; One spring is arranged to make contraction piston deflection cam punctured position.Equipment preferably also limits a compensated cavity, and shrinks piston and makes hydraulic communication and can open and overhanging piston is obstructed can not fully stretch the time from retraction assemblies acceptable solution hydraulic fluid at electromagnetic valve.

Press another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of, it is characterized in that method comprises in order to an instrument is transported to the method in a precalculated position along non-perpendicular well:

(a) conveying equipment is received on the instrument that must be transferred, this conveying equipment has:

Elongate housing can be connected on it on instrument that must be transferred;

Housing has a slit;

Retraction assemblies has a cam fixator and an overhanging piston, and this cam fixator is arranged to extend laterally housing, and is connected with housing on a pivoting point, and this pivoting point can be along this housing straight-line displacement; With

Actuator, do and to be operatively connected with housing, and be configured to make cam fixator pivoting point to do straight-line displacement along housing, this cam fixator, has the cam cambered surface, in order to cam fixator pivoting point during at the first direction top offset and the well inner surface do the engagement of sliding, and in order to being stuck on the well inner surface during at the second direction top offset at cam fixator pivoting point, thus along the well means of delivery;

Retraction assemblies can be along the housing slit forwardly and do straight-line displacement between the rear position by actuator, overhanging piston stretches out retraction assemblies, and be arranged to make it when retraction assemblies moves on to its anterior position, to mesh and be subjected to the extruding of housing, thereby shift the cam fixator onto its extended position with the surface of shell that is positioned at slit one end;

(b) instrument and equipment are fallen into non-perpendicular well;

(c) start actuator, make cam fixator pivoting point be slided in cam fixator surface along the well inner surface at the first direction top offset;

(d) start actuator, cam fixator pivoting point is stuck on the well inner surface at the second direction top offset, and along the well means of delivery;

(e) repeating step (c) and (d) until instrument is transported on the precalculated position.

In the embodiment of some the inventive method, equipment has two groups of cam fixators and associated actuator, above step (c) and (d) comprising:

I) start two actuators and make two cam fixator pivoting points at the second direction top offset so that the cam fixator is engaged on the well inner surface;

Ii) each actuator of sequence starting and make cam fixator pivoting point order at the first direction top offset so that along the well means of delivery.

In some example, above step I) comprises and start an actuator and make a cam fixator pivoting point, start another actuator simultaneously and make another cam fixator pivoting point at the second direction top offset at the first direction top offset.

In other embodiment of some the inventive method, equipment has two groups of cam fixators and associated actuator, method comprises: in step (b) with (c), start two actuators and make two cam fixator pivoting points at the second direction top offset so that the cam fixator is engaged on the well inner surface, completing steps (c) and (d) when keeping a cam fixator and well inner surface to mesh.Step (c) and (d) comprise in these embodiments start the actuator relevant with another cam fixator and make another cam fixator pivoting point on first and second directions back and forth movement so that along the well means of delivery.Make a cam fixator can be partial to the well inner surface by a spring.

In certain embodiments, the instrument that is transferred comprises the logging sensor that the down-hole borehole characteristics is reacted.In some cases, the instrument that is transferred also comprises in order to start the electronic instrument of actuator.

Advantageously, fixator of the present invention and do not require and adopt a large amount of power on one's own initiative it is pressed on the well inner surface.Its cam cambered surface mainly is to be stuck in passively on the jacket wall, just adds contact load by less relatively spring.Most of normal duty of having done between cam fixator and oil well casing comes the power of being fed forward that free actuator adds.This just no longer exists setting separately in order to such complexity and the expense of elongation cam required drive device, tightens automatically when cam is spurred in one direction, unclamps automatically when being promoted on other direction.

In addition, characteristics of the present invention are to be provided with in order to the automatic device that shrinks the cam fixator under the situation about running out of steam, thereby needn't destroy the cam fixator so that pull out instrument from well.

It is a kind of effective, practical in the equipment of non-perpendicular well means of delivery such as the equipment of conveying well measuring instrument or completion used tool that the present invention can provide.Other advantages of the present invention are by can obviously getting up below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustration.Must be understood that accompanying drawing is only with explaining, not as limitation of the invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is illustrated in the tool string in the inclined shaft.

Fig. 2 illustrates conveying equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 A, 3B are illustrated in the conveying equipment in minor diameter and the large diameter borehole.

Fig. 4 A～4C illustrates in the present invention, is continuous mobile conveying equipment, position, speed and active force and time relation curve.

Fig. 5 illustrates second tool string, and its conveying equipment has the cam fixator that can shrink automatically.

Fig. 6 is the lateral view of one of them conveyer probe among Fig. 5.

Fig. 7,8 is respectively the phantom drawing and the lateral view of conveyer probe retraction assemblies.

Fig. 9,10 be respectively along Fig. 8 center line 9-9 get, be in shrink and extended configuration under retraction assemblies and the sectional drawing of cam fixator.

Figure 11 is the phantom drawing of retraction assemblies, and the exploded view in its fixator district is shown.

Figure 12 is the function sketch drawing of conveyer probe Hydraulic Elements.

Figure 13 is the enlarged drawing of clamp area shown in Figure 9.

Figure 14 is the exploded view of retraction assemblies clamp area.

Figure 15,16 lumps together and constitutes individual sectional drawing, and the internal construction in conveyer probe actuator region and expansion loop district is shown.

Figure 17 A, 17B are respectively the lateral view and the end-view of the first cam member outside.

Figure 17 C is the lateral view and the end-view of the second cam member outside.

Figure 18 is Fig. 5 tool string electronic instrument tube function sketch that comprises optional logging sensor.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 simply illustrates the situation of tool string 10 being fallen into inclined shaft 12.Well 12 is lined with steel sleeve pipe 13 usually, and the steel sleeve pipe bonds in place in the stratum and can establish production tube in addition.But open hole well not with well is also within the present invention considers.Tool string 10 has a logging tool 14 that is contained on the conveying equipment 16 at least.Tool string 10 also has the electronic instrument tube 17 in order to control conveying equipment 16.In some cases, electronic instrument tube 17 also control logging tool 14 and in some cases the electronic instrument tube have one or several logging sensor and exercise the function of logging tool 14.Tool string 10 is to hang with armored cable 18, and cable comprises the electric conductor (single core cable) of armouring, in order to being transferred to tool string with power with from the control signal on ground, and transmits the data telemetry signal earthward from instrument.Make tool string 10 lifting and along the non-perpendicular part pulling instrument of well in the vertical component of well with the capstan winch (not shown) on the ground.

In some cases, logging tool 14 be contained in tool string 10 far-end, be positioned at conveying equipment 16 the front as shown in the figure, make conveying equipment 16 partly promote logging tool 14 along well deflection.Under other situation, with logging tool 14 place tool string 10 near-end, be positioned at the back of conveying equipment 16, make conveying equipment spur logging tool along well.

Fig. 2 simply illustrates in order to the logging tool one way is sent down conveying equipment 16 embodiment of inclined shaft.Equipment 16 has two cam actuator groups that are contained in the common housing 19.A cam actuator group is made of a cam fixator 20, a supporting frame 22 and an actuator 24, and the cam fixator has two the cam member 26a, the 26b that oppositely are provided with.The structure of linear-motion actuator 24 makes supporting frame 22 do straight-line displacement and make pivoting point 40 displacements along housing 19 (i.e. the direction of extending along well), does the installation that pivots on supporting frame 22 simultaneously at two cam members of pivoting point overhead cam fixator 20.Cam member 26a, 26b have the extrados 21 that is made of powerful, against corrosion, anti-friction material such as stainless steel, in order to contact with the well inner surface.Compression spring 28 usefulness of between cam member 26a, 26b, extending so that dorsad the cam member of She Zhiing contact as bias voltage with the well inner surface.But the bias mechanism that also can adopt other is as reversing spring or extension spring.Other are used so that cam fixator 20 is biased on the well, comprises that the mechanism of electromechanics or hydraulic actuation system is all in limit of consideration of the present invention.

The second cam actuator group that is made of cam fixator 20 ', supporting frame 22 ' and actuator 24 ' has and the above similar structure.The cam cambered surface 21 of cam fixator 20 ' cam member has convex body 29 as has column cap or have particle, is stuck in effect on the wellbore surface in order to further raising.Convex body 29 is made of material with high rigidity, high-wearing feature such as tungsten carbide.In other embodiments, cam fixator 20 has similar convex body.

As shown in Figure 2, actuator 24 has in order to rotate the motor 30 of rolling screw 32, and motor is connected with rolling screw by reduction gear box 34.Actuator 24 also can be by other with constituting the hydraulic piston that is connected with hydraulic pump by the motor transmission as adopting so that supporting frame 22 is done the mechanism of straight-line displacement.When motor 30 rotated in one direction, rolling screw 32 made supporting frame 22 be with pivoting point 40 to the previous crops straight-line displacement.The cambered surface of cam member 26a, 26b is free to slide along the borehole wall when making this displacement.When motor 30 backward rotation, rolling screw 32 pulls back pivoting point 40 and makes cam member 26a, 26b chucking or be locked on the borehole wall and conveying equipment and logging tool are promoted forward.Actuator 24,24 ' interoperation in following each embodiment that specifies and along the well Move tool.

Conveying equipment 1b has on the well of various different inner diameters locking or is doing sliding-contact.Fig. 3 A, 3B illustrate less relatively respectively and than the cam fixator 20 in the major diameter oil well casing 13.Contact angle θ be defined as perpendicular to oil well casing direction " A " and from pivoting point 40 to cam member 26b the angle the extension line " B " of point " c " of contact oil well casing 13.Make cam fixator 20 in that reliably, fricton-tightly to lock required maximum contact angle on the borehole wall relevant with the frictional behavior between cam fixator 20 and the drill hole wall 12.The tangent value of contact angle θ must be less than the static friction coefficient between cambered surface 21 and the oil well casing 13 so that the friction between cam fixator surface and the oil well casing stops sliding phenomenon when actuator spurs the cam fixator on " locking " direction.Because contact point " c " is in the back of pivoting point 40, the cam fixator is free to slide along oil well casing 13 surfaces when direction moves in " slip ".The present invention recommends to be about the contact angle of 22 degree, and this is equivalent to be about 0.4 friction factor.For adapting to the oil well casing diameter variation, the shape of cam cambered surface 21 should make contact angle θ keep invariable at cam member 26a, 26b when pivoting point 40 inwardly or outwards rotates.

Preferably controlledly start actuator 24,24 ' so that cam fixator 20,20 ' motion make tool string move along well is collaborative.Since make a cam fixator to the reaction force of front slide or since the tension force instrument of cable 18 (Fig. 1) outwards (promptly to the well opening) move, for preventing this outside moving, in institute is free, always have a cam fixator to be locked on the borehole wall.In other words, when a cam fixator 20 ' or 20 moved forward, another cam fixator remained locked on the borehole wall, in order to avoid tool string moves backward.

Fig. 4 A～4C is depicted as Fig. 2 conveying equipment that the present invention is also related to continuous position, speed and active force and time relation curve when mobile here.

In one embodiment, when time t=0, the rolling screw 32 of first actuator 24 is in abundant extended configuration under initial state, and the rolling screw 32 ' of second actuator 24 ' is under the abundant contraction state.For tool string is fed forward, the motor 30 of first actuator rotates in one direction, shrink rolling screw 32 and cam fixator 20 is pulled back, thereby the cam cambered surface 21 of two cam fixators 20 is promoted conveying equipment and logging tool forward above being locked in drill hole wall 12 simultaneously.Meanwhile, the motor of actuator 24 ' 30 ' rotates rolling screw 32 ', make the pivoting point 40 ' of cam fixator 20 ' make to the previous crops straight-line displacement cam fixator 20 ' along jacket wall to front slide.These actions are carried out conversely, make first motor, 30 counter-rotation and make cam fixator 20 to front slide, at this moment second motor 30 ' shrinks supporting frame 22 ' and pulls back cam fixator 20 ', thereby the cam cambered surface 21 ' of cam fixator 20 ' is locked on the drill hole wall and conveying equipment and logging tool are further promoted forward.Making action that the cam fixator moves forward can form its pulling stroke faster than the action that it is pulled back in the arrangement of time of two actuators slightly has the phenomenon of overlap joint slightly, is continuous shown in Fig. 4 B thereby make tool string clean action forward.The electric power that can obtain by cable 18 (Fig. 1) actuator is limited for amount, and the maximum pull of being made by actuator can be low shown in Fig. 4 C under higher pulling speed.

Under another kind of operating sequence, cam fixator 20 and 20 ' is operation simultaneously earlier, operation in tandem then.Start actuator 24 simultaneously, 24 ' and pull back two cam fixators, thus its cam cambered surface 21 is locked on the drill hole wall and promotes tool string forward.Secondly, actuator 24,24 ' sequence starting and make each cam fixator displacement forward, so latter two actuator shrinks the cam fixator together again and is fed forward tool string.These steps repeat to always tool string are transported to the precalculated position.

In the 3rd operating sequence, make an actuator progressively carry tool string back and forth and another actuator is maintained fixed and its associated cams fixator is locked on the jacket wall in order to avoid move backward along well.

Fig. 5 illustrates another tool string 50, is similar to Fig. 1 tool string 10, but has (from top to bottom) logging tool 14, two instrument conveyer probe 52, one electronic instrument tubes 54 and a cable connector 56.Although a logging tool 14 only is shown, should be appreciated that tool string can have some logging tools or other must be along this class device of non-perpendicular well conveying.Every conveyer probe 52 has two cam fixators 58, and each cam fixator has cam member 60a, the 60b of reverse setting.Each probe also has single actuator (not shown), in order to move two cam fixator simultaneously.Each cam member 60a, 60b have cam far-end cambered surface 62, in order to contact with the oil well casing inner surface as described in above just Fig. 2 embodiment, thereby the cam fixator is free to slide when moving forward shown in arrow " F " along the oil well casing surface, but, when pulling back, shown in arrow " R ", be locked on the oil well casing surface.

As shown in Figure 6, each conveyer probe 52 is made of a upper end areas 64, expansion loop district 66, actuator region 68, track regions 70 and following petiolarea 72 from top to bottom.Track regions 70 has the retraction assemblies 76 that is contained in the slit 78, and retraction assemblies stretches by the relative both sides of track regions.Retraction assemblies 76 has cam fixator 58 and vertically moves along slit 78 by the actuator that is contained in the actuator region 68.As described in following just Figure 15,16, each conveyer probe has electrical communication along probe length, so that transmission power and transmission are led to and from the control signal of logging tool or other devices.

Shown in Fig. 7,8, retraction assemblies 76 from left to right is made of actuator bar cramp 80, hydraulic pressure block 82, fixator district 84 and overhanging piston region 86.The far-end (Figure 16) of probe actuator region actuator rod 91a, 91b is clipped in the bar cramp 80 securely so that retraction assemblies moves around.To have hydraulic valve in conjunction with the hydraulic pressure block 82 that Figure 12 further specifies, in order to when power breaks down, controllably to shrink the cam fixator.The overhanging piston 88 that retraction assemblies action forward at first will be stretched out from the overhanging piston region of retraction assemblies inwardly promotes and produces hydraulic pressure so that stretch the cam fixator, and this specifies remaking below in conjunction with Fig. 9,12.

Fig. 9 illustrates the overhanging piston 88 that is in the retraction assemblies 76 under the contraction state and stretches with its cam fixator.By the probe actuator when moving forward to its stroke terminal earlier, the next door, lower end 89 (Fig. 6) of piston 88 contact probe heads and be pushed into retraction assemblies forces flow of hydraulic fluid to go out overhanging plunger shaft 90 in retraction assemblies.Chamber 90 is sealed by the axle of sealing ring 92 around piston 88 in its outer end, and piston has the targeting part 94 of expansion, in order to along the chamber 90 thorax hole slide.Compression spring 96 is pressed to the outside with piston 88.The hydraulic fluid that flows out from overhanging plunger shaft 90 flows to around the annular chamber 100 that shrinks piston 102 by one way stop peturn valve 98 along the fluid hose (not shown) that is contained in the retraction assemblies, and piston 102 is pressed to position shown in Figure 10 left and compressed contraction spring 104.Meanwhile, flow to the compensating piston chamber 108 (Figure 15) in probe compensation district by actuator lever 91b by the hydraulic fluids that move 106 outflows of piston 102 from the chamber.The double cam supporting rail 110 that is contained in piston 102 far-ends is pulled to left when shrinking piston retraction.Cam member 60a, 60b (among Fig. 9,10 only cam member 60a as seen) are connected with rail 110 by the bearing 112 that constitutes cam fixator pivoting point 114.As shown in Figure 9, each cam member is by being compressed against on pin 116 and the roller 118 in relevant extension spring 120 of extending between cam member and the retraction assemblies housing 122 and the surplus pressure by spring 104 on its punctured position.One end of each spring 120 is connected with its associated cams part by pin 124.When cam supporting rail 110 moved on to the left side, spring 120 outwards forwarded its associated cams part on its extended position as shown in figure 10.Be moved back into when the right (as shown in Figure 9) at rail 110, pivoting point 114 along well with respect to roller 118 displacement forward.This relative motion helps the contraction of cam member and requires any cable tension to be added on the cam member by roller 118 rather than by bearing 122.

Shown in Fig. 9,10, cam member 60a (and 60b, not shown) respectively have with threaded fixture 125 connect inside and outside, its outside (having cam cambered surface 62) can be changed.The cam outside that different size also is provided simultaneously shown in Figure 17 A, 17C for use in the caliber of different range.In addition, in some cases, a cam fixator 58 (Fig. 8) is equipped with a kind of cam member outside (shown in Figure 17 A outside) of size and another cam fixator is equipped with the cam member outside (outside shown in Figure 17 C) of another size so that adapt with the very wide situation of single well internal orifice dimension scope.

Figure 11 provides view preferably to retraction assemblies fixator district 84 structures in some aspects.Fixator district housing 122 has pair of parallel siding track 126, respectively has internal recess 128, and cam supporting rail 110 slides therein.

The function of hydraulic pressure block 82 can be made best explanation in conjunction with Figure 12.Repeatedly say, hydraulic fluid earlier from overhanging plunger shaft 90 in flap valve 98 flows to the annular chamber 100 that shrinks around the piston 102 and piston 102 is pressed to the left side.Meanwhile, fluid 106 flows out and enters the compensating piston chamber 108 in probe compensation device district from retraction assemblies from the chamber.Because the pressure in the chamber 100 can prevent the backflow by flap valve 128 greater than chamber 106.The hydraulic pressure block has a normally open solenoid valve 130, this valve probe during normal running by keeping a voltage that is connected across electromagnetic wire Figure 132 winding to keep closing.

Being in overhanging piston in retraction assemblies can wide-spread position (promptly leaving the position in a control next door, lower end) and power when breaking down, and contraction spring 104 will shrink piston 102 presses to the right and make the contraction of cam fixator.Fluid is pressed to when outside at overhanging spring 96 (Fig. 9) with overhanging piston 88 and 100 is flow to overhanging plunger shaft 90 by electromagnetic valve 130 and flap valve 134 from the chamber.

Can not fully stretch if overhanging piston 88 is obstructed, for example in probe, be under its locational situation fully forward, just flow to expansion loop chamber 108 by electromagnetic valve 130 and flap valve 136 from the unnecessary liquid in chamber 100 in retraction assemblies.After this, overhanging piston does not have the seedbed and makes overhanging system reset again owing to internal hydraulic pressure pressure automatically stretches immediately when no longer being obstructed.

Shown in Figure 13,14, retraction assemblies clamper 50 is connected with the actuator lever of probe securely.The far-end (not shown) of bar is inserted in hole 138a and the 138b, seals it off with seal 140 at this.Hydraulic pressure in the 138b of hole connects connector 142 soon can make rod member deviate from and can not make the hydraulic cavities generation leakage phenomenon of retraction assemblies from hydraulic pressure block 82.The center block 144 usefulness bolts 146 of clamper are fixed on the plane of hydraulic pressure block, and side plate 148 is installed so that with soft clamping cushion block 150 that the actuator lever clamping is in place from the relative both sides of center block.The structure of clamper 80 makes retraction assemblies can needn't dismantle the remainder of probe with the remainder disengagement of carrying probe.Topping up and tapping bolt 152 are contained in the joint of actuator lever and retraction assemblies.

Carry the remainder of probe 52 to be illustrated with reference to Figure 15,16.From the upper end (top of Figure 15) of probe, upper end 64 is in order to make the dry state electrical engagement with the rear portion and the cable of tool string.The next door 154 of oil and air constitutes the tight seal of oil around the electric conductor that extends along probe length in the upper end in expansion loop district 66.The probe adjacent sections adopts the bayonet type connector with threaded collar 155 connections of amalgamation and to being electrically connected between the adjacent sections.Expansion loop district 66 also has annular compensating piston 156, and this piston is connected with the end of compressing spring 158 and has seal, in order to the surface of sealing compensation organ pipe 160 and housing 162.Forming circle bench chamber 108 around piston 156 is communicated with as fluid by the inner chamber of opening 164 with axle 160 with each several part and retraction assemblies below probe.The annular chamber 166 of piston below 156 opens wide by 168 pairs of wells of side mouth.The flexible retainer 170 that is positioned at annular chamber 166 lower ends prevents piston 156 impact cavity ends and makes the sealing of piston maintenance to the housing inner cavity surface.

Now probe actuator region 68 is specified.Electrical connector assemble 172 makes the very easy disengagement of actuator region and expansion loop district in the actuator region upper end, and hydraulic fluid is flowed between Liang Qu.Connector 172 is also at cable with comprise providing between the whole bottom electrical system of motor sub-assembly 174 power supply stations with conductor and be electrically connected.Motor sub-assembly 174 has brushless DC motor, and motor is operated by the about 800v DC voltage with pulse width modulation, and epicyclic train provides the deceleration of 10:1.The diameter of motor sub-assembly is about 2in, is about to be 3in, and power is about 1HP.Motor sub-assembly is done flexible the installation on the housing of actuator region, its output shaft and omnipotent connector 176 are made spline and seemingly closed, and the other end of connector is connected with rolling screw 178.Rolling screw 178 is contained in actuator casing on upper bearing (metal) assembly 180 and the lower bearing component 182.Ball nut 184 is on rolling screw and make its rotation by motor sub-assembly 174 do straight-line displacement along the main shaft of tool string.Pole socket 186 is being housed, in order to the upper end of clamping actuator lever 91a, 91b on the ball nut.The straight-line displacement of ball nut 184 makes bar 91a, 91b along the tool axis displacement, thus mobile retraction assemblies.Bar 91a, 91b are hollow, and the vestibule of bar 91b is in retraction assemblies and pop one's head between other parts and to form the path of hydraulic fluid.The single conductor (not shown) is along the extension of the bar chamber 91a through sealing and make electrical communication with electromagnetic valve 130 (Fig. 9).This conductor is passing the screwed pipe (not shown) that is centered around on the rolling screw so that the protection conductor when changing of the distance between ball nut and bearing between ball nut 184 and the bearing assembly 180.The lower end of actuator region has electrical connector assemble 188, in order to be electrically connected with rail district 70.

70 upper ends, rail district have the sliding seal 190 in order to bar 91a, 91b are sealed.Piping (not shown) between the rail district upper and lower side has electric conductor and hydraulic fluid along siding track 192.The colulus 196 (Fig. 7) that is positioned at overhanging each side of piston region of retraction assemblies is housed, in order to retraction assemblies is led along siding track in the oval groove 194 that cuts out in each siding track.

The 52 times petiolareas 72 of popping one's head in have another next door 154 oily and air, are connected in order to each one below tool string.

Two examples of outside 198a, 198b of cam member are used for different well vestibule diameters, cam member outside that size is different shown in Figure 17 A～17C.The outside relative narrower of cam member shown in Figure 17 B and have broad and flat side.On the distal edge edge of some cam member, stud with the carbide empiecement 200 on a row pinnacle, in order to block the steel jacket wall.

As shown in figure 18, electronic instrument tube 54 is done down-hole control in order to two Fig. 5 are carried probe 52.Should see that Figure 18 simply illustrates the function of electronic instrument tube.Concerning being familiar with this professional people, be appreciated that specific embodiment can be equipped with polynary ingredient in some cases, in order to the function of common enforcement arbitrary given unit shown in Figure 180.For example, one embodiment of the present of invention are equipped with and are no less than 5 microprocessor.

Control signal and data are to be superimposed upon on the high direct voltage single core cable 18 by known telemetry, make it lead to instrument from ground, and telemetry can provide the data transmission bauds of per second 13k～26k symbol.From the power supply of cable 18 is to filter and to the actuator motor power supply with strainer 202, and drops to low voltage and electronic instrument is powered in power supply 204.One or several airborne microprocessor controller 206 control wells under function element, remote measurement electronic instrument 208 is deciphered from the data-signal of cable 18 with to it in order to generate, and in order to from the remote measurement lamination, to tell high-tension electricity in order to avoid disturb telemetered signal with enough degree of isolation.Nominal voltage cable on the tool string time is about direct current 600v in pulling, but voltage fluctuates when keeping rational constant pulling speed to feed back to motor 174 in controller change parameters of hydraulic motor and by decomposer.

Set airborne sensor 210 is in order to monitor each systematic parameter to obtain safety and other functions.For example, thermocouple is in order to monitoring power supply radiator temperature, and strain gauge is in order to monitoring cable tension force, so that take in the cam fixator under the situation about not being inconsistent automatically and stop actuator motor recording and require.The speed, voltage and current that also can monitor motor are to measure motor torsional moment.Motor driver 212 has the pulse width modulation power chip tube of powering in order to three windings of every motor, and preferably positively is separated by enough distances to reduce signal noise with the remote measurement electronic instrument.

In some cases, electronic instrument tube 54 can dock (as docking with logging tool 14 shown in Figure 5) with independent down-hole logging tool.In some cases, logging sensor itself is housed the electronic instrument tube such as computer control loads (CCL) sensor 214, and this just no longer requires independent logging tool.Certainly, the electronic instrument tube is not difficult to make such configuration and can be killed two birds with one stone.

Electronic instrument tube 54 also provides two kinds of voltage cable output (not shown) filtration and that do not filter to use for other downhole tools on the tool string.

Computer (not shown) on the ground provides a kind of user interface.But computer on the ground is the also tension force of monitoring cable and electric current in some cases, and closes this system when recording and requiring the situation that is not inconsistent.For example, zero current can indicate cable to open circuit.

In use should not carry too far away along well tool string in order to avoid when shrinking, produce the load that can bear greater than cable intensity between cable and the ground.

More than be described (logging tool can be contained in, also can not be contained in the above electronic instrument tube) with regard to the embodiment of conveying well measuring instrument, but should be appreciated that induction system of the present invention is equally applicable to carry along inclined shaft the downhole tool of other types.For example, perforating gun and other completion tools also can be carried by the above equipment and method along this well.

More than the present invention is preferably proposed as illustration and explanation with other some embodiment.This is not in order to limit the invention on the disclosed exact form.Obviously, concerning being familiar with this professional people, much retrofit and change is conspicuous.These embodiment are selected and are illustrated for principle of the present invention and practical application thereof are described as far as possible, thereby make other be familiar with this professional people and understand various embodiment of the present invention, meanwhile, various remodeling also is applicable to some special-purposes that it is contemplated that.Scope of the present invention should be limited by appended claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (22)

1. one kind in order to the equipment along non-perpendicular well means of delivery, and equipment has:

Elongate housing can be connected on it on instrument that must be transferred; It is characterized in that,

Housing has a slit;

Retraction assemblies has a cam fixator and an overhanging piston, and this cam fixator is arranged to extend laterally housing, and is connected with housing on a pivoting point, and this pivoting point can be along this housing straight-line displacement; With

Actuator, do and to be operatively connected with housing, and be configured to make cam fixator pivoting point to do straight-line displacement along housing, this cam fixator has the cam cambered surface, in order to cam fixator pivoting point during at the first direction top offset and the well inner surface do the engagement of sliding, and in order to being stuck on the well inner surface during at the second direction top offset, thereby along the well means of delivery at cam fixator pivoting point;

Retraction assemblies can be along the housing slit forwardly and do straight-line displacement between the rear position by actuator, overhanging piston stretches out retraction assemblies, and be arranged to make it when retraction assemblies moves on to its anterior position, to mesh and be subjected to the extruding of housing, thereby shift the cam fixator onto its extended position with the surface of shell that is positioned at slit one end.

2. by the described equipment of claim 1, have:

The first and second described cam fixators are connected with housing on the respective pivot that keeps at a certain distance away along housing, and the cam cambered surface of described cam fixator is aimed on a common direction;

The first and second described actuators, the pivoting point that is configured to the first and second cam fixators is distinguished displacement individually so that along the well means of delivery.

3. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the cam fixator can forward a position of shrinking to and with the cam cambered surface and the disengagement of well inner surface of this cam fixator around its pivoting point.

4. by the described equipment of claim 3, also have a spring, be arranged to make the cam fixator to be partial to its punctured position.

5. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the cam fixator has a pair of fixture, is provided with in the opposite direction and works, and connects with housing and be arranged to simultaneously to mesh with the relative part of well inner surface on a common pivoting point.

6. by the described equipment of claim 5, wherein: two fixtures can forward the position of contraction to and throw off the well inner surface with its cam cambered surface around its common pivoting point, and this equipment also has a spring, is arranged to make two fixtures to be partial to the position of its contraction.

7. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the cam fixator has a plurality of convex bodys, and convex body stretches out the cam cambered surface so that be stuck on the well inner surface.

8. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the well inner surface is made of soil.

9. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the well inner surface is made of oil well casing.

10. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: the instrument that is transferred has:

Logging sensor is reacted to the down-hole borehole characteristics;

Electronic instrument can start actuator.

11., can automatically the cam fixator be retracted on its punctured position under the motorless situation by the described equipment of claim 3.

12. by the described equipment of claim 1, wherein: retraction assemblies has:

The retraction assemblies housing;

Shrink piston, be positioned at a hole thorax of retraction assemblies housing and be connected with cam fixator pivoting point, contraction piston and overhanging piston do hydraulic communication also can be at housing thorax hole intrinsic displacement so that when overhanging piston pressurized, move pivoting point;

Extension spring is connected with the cam fixator with the retraction assemblies housing, and is arranged to and can pushes the cam fixator to its extended position when overhanging piston pressurized.

13. by the described equipment of claim 12, wherein: retraction assemblies has:

First one way stop peturn valve, be arranged to when overhanging piston pressurized, to make hydraulic fluid from overhanging piston flow to shrinking piston;

Normally open solenoid valve, be arranged to can be on electromagnetic valve during no-voltage hydraulic fluid from shrinking piston flow to overhanging piston;

Spring is arranged to make contraction piston deflection cam punctured position.

14. by the described equipment of claim 13, also have an expansion loop chamber, and shrink piston and make hydraulic communication and can open and overhanging piston is obstructed can not fully extend the time from retraction assemblies acceptable solution hydraulic fluid at electromagnetic valve.

15., it is characterized in that method comprises in order to instrument is transported to the method in precalculated position along non-perpendicular well:

(a) conveying equipment is received on the instrument that must be transferred, this conveying equipment has:

Elongate housing can be connected on it on instrument that must be transferred, and this housing has a slit;

Retraction assemblies has a cam fixator and an overhanging piston, and this cam fixator is arranged to extend laterally housing, and is connected with housing on a pivoting point, and this pivoting point can be along this housing straight-line displacement; With

Actuator, do and to be operatively connected with housing, and be configured to make cam fixator pivoting point to do straight-line displacement along housing, this cam fixator has the cam cambered surface, in order to cam fixator pivoting point during at the first direction top offset and the well inner surface do the engagement of sliding, and in order to being stuck on the well inner surface during at the second direction top offset, thereby along the well means of delivery at cam fixator pivoting point;

Retraction assemblies can be along the housing slit forwardly and do straight-line displacement between the rear position by actuator, overhanging piston stretches out retraction assemblies, and be arranged to make it when retraction assemblies moves on to its anterior position, to mesh and be subjected to the extruding of housing, thereby shift the cam fixator onto its extended position with the surface of shell that is positioned at slit one end;

(b) instrument and equipment are fallen into non-perpendicular well;

(c) start actuator, make cam fixator pivoting point be slided in cam fixator surface along the well inner surface at the first direction top offset;

(d) start actuator, cam fixator pivoting point is stuck on the well inner surface at the second direction top offset, and along the well means of delivery;

(e) repeating step (c) and (d) until instrument is transported on the precalculated position.

16. by the described method of claim 15, wherein: equipment has:

The first and second described cam fixators are connected with housing on the respective pivot that keeps at a certain distance away along housing, and the cam cambered surface of described cam fixator is aimed in a common direction;

The first and second described actuators are configured to the first and second cam fixators and distinguish displacement individually so that along the well means of delivery.

17. by the described method of claim 16, step (c) and (d) comprising:

I) start two actuators and make two cam fixator pivoting points at the second direction top offset so that the cam fixator is engaged on the well inner surface;

Ii) each actuator of sequence starting and make cam fixator pivoting point order at the first direction top offset in case along and the eye means of delivery.

18. by the described method of claim 17, wherein: step I) comprise and start an actuator and make a cam fixator pivoting point, start another actuator simultaneously and make another cam fixator pivoting point at the second direction top offset at the first direction top offset.

19., comprising by the described method of claim 16:

In step (b) with (c), start two actuators and two cam fixator pivoting points are engaged on the well inner surface at the second direction top offset so that with the cam fixator;

Completing steps (c) and (d) when keeping a cam fixator and the engagement of well inner surface, step (c) comprise the startup actuator relevant with (d) with another cam fixator and make another cam fixator pivoting point on first and second directions back and forth movement so that along the well means of delivery.

20. by the described method of claim 19, wherein: make a cam fixator by spring deflection well inner surface.

21. by the described method of claim 15, wherein: the instrument that is transferred comprises the logging sensor that the down-hole borehole characteristics is reacted.

22. by the described method of claim 21, wherein: the instrument that is transferred also comprises in order to start the electronic instrument of actuator.

Images