CN1252321C - Electrolytic solution for aluminium alloy cast piece micro arc oxidation treatment - Google Patents
Electrolytic solution for aluminium alloy cast piece micro arc oxidation treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1252321C CN1252321C CN 200310122201 CN200310122201A CN1252321C CN 1252321 C CN1252321 C CN 1252321C CN 200310122201 CN200310122201 CN 200310122201 CN 200310122201 A CN200310122201 A CN 200310122201A CN 1252321 C CN1252321 C CN 1252321C
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- electrolytic solution
- ceramic layer
- aluminum
- cylinder body
- arc oxidation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electrolytic solution for the micro-arc oxidation treatment of an aluminum-alloy cast piece. The micro-arc oxidation treatment of the surface of an aluminum-alloy cylinder body is carried out by a micro-arc oxidation appliance, and an aluminum-oxide ceramic layer using aluminum oxide as a main component can be generated on the surface of the aluminum-alloy cylinder body by adding voltage to the cylinder body arranged in the electrolytic solution because the electrolytic solution prepared from sodium phosphate, sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide and sodium molybdate is adopted. Aluminum atoms come from aluminum alloy for the formed aluminum-oxide ceramic layer, the formation and the process of the ceramic layer consume oxygen ions in the electrolytic solution, no pollution source is generated in the whole treating process, and the combination strength of the ceramic layer and a basal body is enhanced. The cylinder body is put into the alkaline electrolytic solution, the voltage is added to the cylinder body by a power supply, and one compact Al2O3 ceramic layer grows on the original position of the inner surface of the cylinder body. A uniform continuous-distribution oil film is easily formed on the surface of the ceramic layer under the condition of the reduction of friction because the surface of the ceramic layer is uniformly distributed with micron-stage blindness micro pores, and the abrasion resistance of the inner surface of the cylinder body is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum alloy casting hardening process technology, the electrolytic solution that the differential arc oxidation of particularly a kind of suitable aluminium alloy cylinder or aluminium-alloy piston is handled.
Technical background
Aluminium alloy becomes one of main consumptive material of vapour (bavin) oil turbine because of characteristics such as its lightweight and easy-formations, but wear resistance, antifraying property are relatively poor, limited it and on engine cylinder-body, directly used, must carry out suitable internal surface hardening treatment or inlay wear resisting cylinder jacket as friction pair.
From the end of the sixties so far, in some vehicle of GM, Mereedes, Audi and Porsche company, adopt hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy manufacturing not have the automobile engine body of Gray Iron Cylinder always.Adopt the honing of strict regulation and corrode technology, make the particulate Si in the alloy protrude from the aluminum substrate surface, thereby make the cylinder hole have good wear resistance and pull resistance.
In recent years, because the development of material and technology, the automaker is just exploring the possibility that adopts metal-base composites (MMC) cylinder sleeve in body.Matrix material is with flexible metallic matrix and hard non-metallic fibers or particle (Sic, Al with excellent abrasive resistance and low-friction coefficient
2O
3, C etc.) combine, be expected to have good performance.2.2LDOHCI-4 engine on the Prelude car that successful examples is a Honda company.It adopts squeeze casting method that aluminum oxide/prefabricated carbon fiber spare is cast in the engine body, promptly becomes the metal-base composites cylinder sleeve.
In the Application Areas of hard of needs, wear-resisting or low coefficient of friction surfaces, extensively adopt electroplating technology.Yet,, except that the Nikasil that Mahle company adopts, seldom have and use cylinder sleeve coating in automotive industry.Nikasil technology is that skim inside is scattered here and there SiC particulate electrolytic nickel as coating.This technology is always in racing engine, as using in Corvette ZR1 and Proche 911 engines.
The manufacturing process of above-mentioned several engine cylinder-bodies, though solved the weight issue that alleviates engine, and can not pollute environment, because these complex process, technology is expensive time-consuming, so do not obtain to use in the vehicle of producing in enormous quantities always.Especially in China, also do not use the precedent of above-mentioned manufacturing process at present, inlay cylinder sleeve for remaining in the relatively low aluminium alloy cylinder of processing cost of oversize vehicle application.And,, still adopt the durionise of serious environment pollution owing to still do not have substitute technique all for miniature gasoline engine (as some two-stroke engines such as chain saw, wind fire-extinguishers) inner surface of cylinder block, technical recipe and operational condition are as follows:
Cr
2O
3220～250g/L; Cr
2O
3H
2SO
4100: 1; Cr
3+1～6g/L; 58 ± 2 ℃ of temperature; Current density 66A/dm
2Chromium ion (especially hexavalent chromium) is known by everybody to the harm of environment and human body.Have contaminate environment and be detrimental to health just because of chromium, it is the solution-treated metallic surface with chromium that member state of European Union has proposed will completely forbid the industry use to 2003.Therefore, to can be the pollution-free alternative techniques that industrial community accepts imperative for the development process cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation that can improve the wear resistance between piston ring and cylinder body to handle electrolytic solution.
The aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation is handled electrolytic solution, and its improvements are: said electrolytic solution by mass concentration is: comprise sodium phosphate 10g/L-20g/L, water glass 5g/L-10g/L, potassium hydroxide 1g/L-4g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 10g/L-15g/L.The pH value scope of electrolytic solution: 8～12.Pending aluminium alloy cylinder or aluminium-alloy piston are placed electrolytic solution, will place stainless steel tube in the middle of the solution as negative electrode, aluminium alloy cylinder outer wall or aluminium-alloy piston be as anode, and power supply adopts direct current pulse power source.Be about to the negative pole that stainless steel tube connects power supply, aluminium alloy cylinder outer wall or aluminium-alloy piston connect the positive pole of power supply, pass to the pulse direct current electric field, by power supply aluminium alloy cylinder or aluminium-alloy piston are applied voltage, magnitude of voltage is at 550V-650V, time is 30～60min, and generating one deck on aluminum alloy casting is the alumina-ceramic layer of major ingredient with the aluminum oxide.
Comprise sodium phosphate 12g/L-18g/L, water glass 7g/L-9g/L, potassium hydroxide 2g/L-3g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 12g/L-14g/L.
Owing to adopted described electrolytic solution, by being opposite to aluminium alloy cylinder or the aluminium-alloy piston pressurization in the electrolytic solution, will generate one deck on the aluminum alloy casting surface is the alumina-ceramic layer of major ingredient with the aluminum oxide.To formed alumina-ceramic layer, the aluminium atom comes from aluminium alloy, and ceramic layer formation and process of growth only consume the oxonium ion in the electrolytic solution, and the pollution-free source of entire treatment process produces ceramic layer and high base strength raising.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) treatment process is few, and technology is simple, and cost is low;
(2) owing to the arc discharge in oxidizing reaction, arc district temperature of reaction height helps generating the α-Al with high rigidity
2O
3, generate ceramic layer hardness and can reach more than the 1000HV, simultaneously because the thermal conductivity of ceramic layer itself is lower, reduced the heat forfeiture of aluminum alloy casting inside, improved thermo-efficiency;
(3) because the surface arrangement of aluminum alloy casting arc differential oxide ceramic layer the blind property of nano level micropore uniformly, under the antifriction condition, lubricating oil is because wicking action enters micropore, thereby the surface adsorption that makes aluminum alloy casting the oil film of layer of even continuous distribution, reduce the frictional coefficient between piston ring and cylinder body, improved wear resistance;
(4) arc differential oxide ceramic layer combines with metallurgical form with alloy matrix aluminum, ceramic layer and high base strength height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an aluminium alloy cylinder surface by micro-arc oxidation structure iron of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an aluminium-alloy piston differential arc oxidation structure iron of the present invention.
Embodiment
The aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation is handled electrolytic solution, comprise pending aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are placed electrolytic solution, to place the stainless steel tube 2 of electrolytic solution as negative electrode, cylinder body 1 outer wall or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are as anode, and its concrete treatment process carries out according to the following steps:
1) preparation electrolytic solution:
Electrolytic solution is by mass concentration: comprise sodium phosphate 10g/L-20g/L, and water glass 5g/L-10g/L, potassium hydroxide 1g/L-4g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 10g/L-15g/L can also comprise yellow soda ash 5g/L-8g/L, sodium wolframate 2g/L-5g/L simultaneously;
Comprise sodium phosphate 12g/L-18g/L, water glass 7g/L-9g/L, potassium hydroxide 2g/L-3g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 12g/L-14g/L can also comprise yellow soda ash 6g/L-8g/L, sodium wolframate 3g/L-5g/L simultaneously.
Alkaline electrolysis solution is that phosphoric acid is electrolytic solution, electrolytic solution pH value scope: 8～12;
2) aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are placed the electrolytic solution for preparing;
3) stainless steel tube 2 is connect the negative pole of power supply 3, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 outer walls connect the positive pole of power supply 3; Apply voltage by 3 pairs of aluminum alloy castinges of power supply; Pressurization 550V-650V, time 30～60min will be at the Al of aluminum alloy casting surface in situ growth one deck densification
2O
3Ceramic layer.Power supply 3 adopts direct current pulse power source.
Embodiments of the invention one: electrolytic solution is that phosphoric acid is electrolytic solution, by mass concentration, gets sodium phosphate 15g/L, water glass 8g/L, potassium hydroxide 3g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 13g/L, yellow soda ash 7g/L, sodium wolframate 3g/L preparation alkaline electrolysis solution.The electrolytic solution pH value scope for preparing is transferred between 8-12, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are placed electrolytic solution.Stainless steel tube 2 is connect the negative pole of power supply 3, the outer wall of aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 connect the positive pole of power supply 3 again; Apply voltage by 3 pairs of aluminium alloy cylinders 1 of power supply or aluminium-alloy piston 5, pressurization 600V, time 45min will be at the Al of aluminum alloy casting surface in situ growth one deck densification
2O
3Ceramic layer.
Embodiments of the invention two: electrolytic solution is that phosphoric acid is electrolytic solution, by mass concentration, gets sodium phosphate 12g/L, water glass 6g/L, potassium hydroxide 2g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 12g/L preparation, yellow soda ash 6g/L, sodium wolframate 3g/L preparation alkaline electrolysis solution.The electrolytic solution pH value scope for preparing is transferred between 8-12, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are placed electrolytic solution.Stainless steel tube 2 is connect the negative pole of power supply 3, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 outer wall or aluminium-alloy piston 5 connect the positive pole of power supply 3 again; Apply voltage by 3 pairs of aluminium alloy cylinders 1 of power supply or aluminium-alloy piston 5, pressurization 550V, time 40min will be at the Al of aluminum alloy casting surface in situ growth one deck densification
2O
3Ceramic layer.
Embodiments of the invention three: electrolytic solution is that phosphoric acid is electrolytic solution, by mass concentration, gets sodium phosphate 19g/L, water glass 9g/L, potassium hydroxide 4g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 14g/L preparation, yellow soda ash 8g/L, sodium wolframate 4g/L preparation alkaline electrolysis solution.The pH value scope of the electrolytic solution for preparing is transferred between 8-12, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 or aluminium-alloy piston 5 are placed electrolytic solution.Stainless steel tube 2 is connect the negative pole of power supply 3, aluminium alloy cylinder 1 outer wall or aluminium-alloy piston 5 connect the positive pole of power supply 3 again; Apply voltage by 3 pairs of aluminium alloy cylinders 1 of power supply or aluminium-alloy piston 5, pressurization 650V, time 60min will be at the Al of aluminum alloy casting surface in situ growth one deck densification
2O
3Ceramic layer.
The present invention under the DC pulse electric field action, the alumina-ceramic layer that the aluminum alloy casting surface in situ is oxidized to satisfy the different performance requirement.In the differential arc oxidation process, simple venation passes to pending sample surfaces in the wide Δ t time energy increases progressively and rate of decline [d (IV)/dt] is the controlling factor that influences alumina-ceramic layer compactness and hardness, simultaneously again because Δ t and total energy consumption are proportional, therefore, satisfy under the prerequisite that punctures requirement at voltage V, by control to a series of intelligent objects such as IGBT, IEGT, IGCT, carrying out along with the differential arc oxidation process, power-supply system is ordered about Δ t and is transformed to μ s magnitude by ms, and arteries and veins is counted allocation model adjust in proper order automatically by setting.
The present invention by differential arc oxidization technique at aluminum alloy casting surface in situ growth one deck alumina-ceramic layer,
(1) the ceramic layer process of growth is to form in the growth of discharge micro-zone in situ, ceramic layer and high base strength height, and under to-and-fro movement of piston high speed and high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, ceramic layer is difficult for peeling off from cylinder body.
(2) the alumina-ceramic layer that is generated has the blind type micropore of μ m level, and its ability that forms the continuous oil film effect will be better than the tiny crack in the durionise layer, adds the high rigidity of alumina-ceramic layer, and the performance of wearing under its anti-attrition condition is far superior to durionise.
Claims (6)
1, the aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation is handled electrolytic solution, and it is characterized in that: electrolytic solution is that phosphoric acid is electrolytic solution, by mass concentration: comprise sodium phosphate 10g/L-20g/L, water glass 5g/L-10g/L, potassium hydroxide 1g/L-4g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 10g/L-15g/L.
2, aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation according to claim 1 is handled electrolytic solution, it is characterized in that: said electrolytic solution is by mass concentration: comprise sodium phosphate 12g/L-18g/L, water glass 7g/L-9g/L, potassium hydroxide 2g/L-3g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 12g/L-14g/L.
3, aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation according to claim 1 and 2 is handled electrolytic solution, it is characterized in that: said electrolytic solution is pressed mass concentration: sodium phosphate 15g/L, water glass 8g/L, potassium hydroxide 3g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 13g/L.
4, aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation according to claim 1 is handled electrolytic solution, it is characterized in that: said electrolytic solution is by mass concentration, sodium phosphate 12g/L, water glass 6g/L, potassium hydroxide 2g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 12g/L.
5, aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation according to claim 1 is handled electrolytic solution, it is characterized in that: by said electrolytic solution mass concentration, and sodium phosphate 19g/L, water glass 9g/L, potassium hydroxide 4g/L, Sodium orthomolybdate 14g/L.
6, aluminum alloy casting differential arc oxidation according to claim 1 is handled electrolytic solution, it is characterized in that: the pH value scope of electrolytic solution: 8～12.
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| CN 200310122201 CN1252321C (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Electrolytic solution for aluminium alloy cast piece micro arc oxidation treatment |
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| CN 200310122201 CN1252321C (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Electrolytic solution for aluminium alloy cast piece micro arc oxidation treatment |
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| CN1252321C true CN1252321C (en) | 2006-04-19 |
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| CN101974711B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-10-31 | 蔡乐勤 | Preparation method of aluminum magnesium alloy material with wear resistance and corrosion resistance |
| CN102386237A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-03-21 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Thin-film transistor, array substrate and device and preparation method |
| CN102582146B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-03-11 | 杭州超探新材料科技有限公司 | Composite material with magnesium alloy as base body and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102877104A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-16 | 西南石油大学 | Low-voltage rapid micro-arc oxidation technique |
| CN102978675B (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2015-06-24 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Concrete delivery cylinder and manufacturing method thereof, and pumping device comprising concrete delivery cylinder |
| CN103016334B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-03-23 | 长沙沃瑞新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of abrasion-proof concrete conveying cylinder and preparation process thereof |
| CN104109893B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-12-28 | 孙德杰 | Brake disc Surface hardening treatment Technology |
| CN103484849B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-11-18 | 邓才松 | A kind of aluminium-alloy piston and precision friction secondary surface treatment process |
| CN108930042A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-04 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of Mg alloy surface super-hydrophobic film |
| CN109402699A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of aluminum alloy surface acid resistance corrosion function ceramic membrane preparation process |
| CN111850557B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-10-08 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Piston manufacturing method and piston |
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Assignee: Linyi Zhaohua Power Machinery Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Xi'an University of Technology Contract record no.: 2011370000198 Denomination of invention: Electrolytic solution for aluminium alloy cast piece micro arc oxidation treatment Granted publication date: 20060419 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20041215 Record date: 20110511 |
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Granted publication date: 20060419 Termination date: 20101222 |