CN1246186A

CN1246186A - A distributed operating system

Info

Publication number: CN1246186A
Application number: CN97181762A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·布洛库尔斯特
Original assignee: Quantum Netwoorks Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Quantum Netwoorks Pty Ltd
Priority date: 1996-12-12
Filing date: 1997-12-10
Publication date: 2000-03-01
Also published as: AUPO418896A0; JP3355194B2; WO1998026355A1; EP0956529A1; CA2274544A1; JP2000505921A

Abstract

A distributed operating system for a network, comprising a collection of libraries each of which exists at some physical location and is associated with a collection of instances of different topics. Each topic is an encapsulated set of system resources and has a file system containing applications, databases, software components, or any other collection of logically related files. Only one instance of a topic may exist in any given library at any given time. Instances of the same topic may exist in different libraries. An Addressing Standard which requires a first and second globally unique identifier is applied to the libraries and topics. The first globally unique identifier is used to identify each library. The second globally unique identifier is used to identify each topic. Every instance of a Topic will have the same topic identifier no matter which library it is in. Communications protocols exist outside the libraries to enable interaction between the applications, software components, and documents stored as Topics in different libraries.

Description

Distributed operating system

The present invention relates to distributed operating system.Operating system is the primary control program of operation computing machine.They are chief components of computer system, because they are the application setting standard of moving therein.All programs all must with operating system " dialogue ".

One of central feature of the infrastructure of most of modem computer systems is that each operating system is data and the single name space of application definition that this system managed.For example, the defined name space of operating system comprises file system or the bibliographic structure that is used for locating file.The identifier of the file that is used to open, common software parts and other Internet resources.

In these systems, file is the basic storage cell of information.Specific file or comprise data cell or comprise function (use or software part).For data file, operating system with suitable application and each file association so that can watch or the content of updating file.

Application is to set up by the set of integrated OO software part.These OO software part customizations can be created as and be used for application-specific, or be designed to in many different application, being used as common unit.

Developed composite file (Compound file), thereby the data in the single file can be read and write to the various OO parts in using independently.Though composite file is the effective means that is used to store the various objects (data cell) of configuration information unit (document), the big composite file that distributes on network is that difficulty is with time-consuming.For this reason, to set up the industrial standard (such as HTML and Java) of the Internet (or in-house network) document than the set of small documents universal just day by day by they are divided into.

In known operating system, be not used in the consistent method of the set of file relevant on the recognition logic.This means that operating system can not discern or manage the ensemble of communication of striding a plurality of files, such as one group of the Internet (or in-house network) document, common software parts (comprising related executable module, template, sample and relevant documentation) or large database.

Utilization is called physical address locating file in bibliographic structure in path.The path is used for two conflicting purposes: locating information and organizational information.For reorganization information in bibliographic structure must move, and move changes application program and is used for the path of locating information.

Because each operating system defines single name space, can not predict that going up specific name at any given time will use in operating system.This explanation name related general with particular system resource in time with change in location.For example, the erection schedule for most of application definitions allows the final user to select to comprise the catalogue of any associated documents.

Because do not have special implication with the name of file association, how operating system can not understanding information distribute on network.This means and to develop complicated management data, the software part and be applied in distribution on the network of should being used for.

Local Area Network is extended to each file system on a group computing machine file system of upward sharing that is included in a plurality of lan servers.All can watch and the file that upgrades on this lan server from any computing machine that is connected on this LAN.Along with LAN becomes to comprise the resource of the selection on the lan server with the defined namespace extension of operating system, the LAN representative is from the logical development step of stand alone computer system.

The basic problem of LAN is to be connected the different name space of each computing machine definition on the LAN.For with the mapping resources on the computing machine in name space for the definition of another computing machine, must the new name of structure.Defined different names if each workstation is one group of public Internet resources, LAN may extremely difficult maintenance, and the solution of this problem is to be the configuration definition of LAN workstation common standard widely.Safeguard that these standards comprise a large amount of common overheads and often perplex the final user.The more serious common standard that is limited in of LAN can only be implemented in relatively little working group effectively.

As World Wide Web (the World Wide Web) WWW of global communication instrument, it successfully gives the credit to the addressing mechanism of employing based on the single globally unique identifier that is called " server domain name ".Each server domain is called different name space of one group of the Internet (or in-house network) resources definition.Server domain name provides by the mapping that is connected the defined name space of stand-alone computer (or LAN) on the Internet (or in-house network).The addressing mechanism that is used on the Internet (or in-house network) is called URL(Uniform Resource Locator) (URL) and passes through Connection Service device domain name and the path formation.

The Internet (or in-house network) representative is from the logic evolutionary step of LAN, because it can be defined the LAN of the global criteria of the unanimity that is used for the named network resource.If each message unit separately exist in by in the defined name space of single server domain name and the information related with each server domain name do not reorganize, then URL is the effective tool of message exchange.Though each Internet user knows that it has only used several years and just piled with out-of-date link.In addition, URL is not provided for being identified in any mechanism of the information of duplicating on a plurality of server domain.The same with LAN, must realize that complicated (and specialization) should be used for information distribution on the managing internet (or in-house network).

One of purpose of OO software development methodology can the in addition integrated one group of standard software parts that constitutes complicated application for definition.This notion is in order to bring the modularization engineering discipline of identical type that software industry for many years has been the basis of computer hardware industry.One of basic obstacle that software industry is realized this goal is that modern operating system does not adopt consistent this fact of naming convention.As a result, might not exist in the reliable method that finds particular software component in the bibliographic structure.

Microsoft's solution to this problem under Windows 95 and Windows NT is to set up system's registration.When the install software parts, must in system's registration, set up various so that can locate and these parts of activation.When removing these parts, also must remove the system registration these from system.The defined Common Object Request Broker Architecture of Object Management Group (Object Management Group-OMG) (Common Object Request BrokenArchitecture (CORBA)) adopts similar method.When being used to set up the complicated distributed system, this method has some restrictions.

Because the various entrys that they are safeguarded are not understood in system's registration, it must rely on and be installed in upgrading in time of interior various software parts of this operating system and application.Though this method is effectively for the operating system that keeps the configuration of static state relatively, for the operating system that must adapt to the network environment in large-scale and continuous the variation, it is unpractiaca.

The registration of Windows 95 systems adopts the unique identifier single of overall importance that is called " CLSID " to locate the common software parts.The CLSID that is used in the registration of Windows 95 systems has following restriction:

Only be software part definition CLSID.Because data file can not be set up in system's registration or safeguard item, does not have method to utilize system to register the locator data file.

System registration is by related and as addressing mechanism work with the resource name (such as the path) in the name space of the CLSID of software part and operating system.For setting up distributed system, system's registration has only limited purposes, because its defined addressing mechanism is only useful in the scope of each operating system.Promptly enable to be read as the project in system's registration of another operating system definition, the result also is nonsensical.

Top object in the CLSID sign software part is so that the example of this object of energy instantiation.Though CLSID is provided for locating the method with the instantiation parts, it does not identify all resources (most of file) that constitute these parts.For this reason, for the information distribution of management spanning network, CLSID has only limited use.

The OLE of Microsoft and Active X agreement are that Microsoft is the method for the integrated definition of software part.Two kinds of agreements are all based on the component object model (being called " COM ") of Microsoft, and the OLE agreement is optimized for the function operated in single operating and the exploitation of application, and ActiveX optimizes for the exploitation of location, the Internet (or in-house network).

OLE and Active X agreement are supported two kinds of basic services: allow one group of function of an application activating software part and allow to use one group of function setting up, read and upgrade composite file.These two kinds of agreements are utilized system to register and are located each software part, therefore be subjected to the restriction of the restriction of said system registration, and these agreements also are very complicated.

OLE and Active X agreement are considered as the view of network the architecture equivalent of large operation system.This locality of Microsoft/long-range transparency notion mainly is to be used for the method for a distribution type mapping resources to the name space of operating system.Each parts of COM supposing the system are present in and only are present on the position of network, and application is to link together by the parts with these distributions to set up.

The database technology interior that comprising Oracle, IBM, Informix and Sybase provides comprises one group of file and common software part.Common software partly realizes allowing other to use the certain database access method that information has hereof been stored in access.A kind of method of descriptive data base is as the name space that is used for the encapsulation of ensemble of communication.The success of relational database is to a great extent owing to concerning that access method allows to be stored in this fact of title that each data in the database can be used as other data.

Yet modern data storehouse technology has some restrictions, for example before database can be used, and must definition of data library structure (data type and index).Because the definition of data library structure needs plenty of time and specialized technical knowledge, it is worth for the business activity of high capacity and repetition only.Simultaneously, because the name space of each database definition customization wants to use this database person must at first understand its structure.

The database of independent definition will be realized different and possible incompatible name space.In order to address this problem, the exploitation of encouragement company is used for the additional common standard of information management.

Lotus Notes (renaming " Lotus Domino " recently as) net comprises Lotus Notes server and plurality of client machine.Server and client computer all must be moved proprietary software also can be with database storing on client computer or server machine.Lotus Notes provides individual colony can share the environment of information mutually.In order to watch or edit document in this environment, the user need only give directions and click.To be not the application that the access of the document set up is only limited to the support target link and embeds in the Notes environment.Yet Notes provides the front end to some more public database really, but this facility is only limited to certain platform.

Lotus Notes environment is to the environment sealing of group information, classification and that index is quoted.Its allows the individual to adopt the part work as group of the equipment of the multi-user access of single document and common editing facility.Each database icon is represented the set of relevant document in logic with a certain keyword item ordering, and these documents are to be ready that the individual of the information of sharing with in-house other user adds.

For an in-house individual and group, Lotus Notes provides the observability of information and the chance of explanation, editor and renewal document.It also is provided in logic the facility to the document grouping.Yet it trends towards the user is limited on the network of tissue really.

Lotus Notes and other system of working group of great majority are designed to support that specific working group uses the database technology of external member.Support the number of characteristics scope though these working groups use, they can not overcome their basic database technology limitation: the realization of system of most of working group is expensive with safeguarding.Because it is just worth that relevant expense, system of most of working group are only used in the business activity of supporting high capacity and repetition.

The LANDesk that comprises Intel Company will be in the process automation of LAN (and in some cases at WAN) distributing software at interior some existing products.For these system high efficiency ground work, also to be the more common standard of the configuration definition of LAN workstation.The configuration network management tool comes supervisory packet to be contained in the distribution of the application in the common standard then.

The main robotization of network-management tool was the process that each workstation of labour-intensive visit comes install software to upgrade originally.Though these instruments have reduced the total expenses relevant with software dispatch, they do not overcome other restriction of traditional software distribution procedure.For example, must install and the supervising the network management tool, and center support group is necessary for each workstation that is connected on the LAN and safeguards hardware and software inventory by center IT support group.Because with the relevant expense of center support group, network-management tool is used to be had only cost-effective in the application of using widely in whole company.

Network-management tool does not have any exclusive knowledge of the application that is distributing about them.These instruments duplicate the file that is upgraded that constitutes this application simply, then any relevant configuration file are made selectable renewal.Network-management tool need can not support the highly application of the distribution process of customization.

A network-management tool design mix is put and is contained on the extensive work station and static in time information.Network-management tool can not be used for branch and put document, because document is set up in uncertain place on the network and on the time and upgraded.

In general, how distributed data has been described various application how to define name and they about various application.Most of modern Application are set up island of automation by the client name that definition meets the particular business requirement.For integrated and coordination different application and the defined various names of different operating system, many layer complicacy on modern operating system, have been increased.

Current imagination the invention provides the distributed operating system that is used for network, comprise respectively be present on a certain physical location and with the related storehouse set of example collection of different special topic.Each special topic is the encapsulation set of system resource and has the file system that comprises application, database, software part or any file set that other is correlated with in logic.Go up any preset time in any given storehouse and can only have a thematic example.The example of same special topic can exist in the different sink.The addressing standard of the identifier that first and second overall situation of needs is unique is applied on storehouse and the special topic.First Globally Unique Identifier is used to identify each storehouse.Second Globally Unique Identifier is used to identify each special topic.No matter it is in which storehouse, each example of special topic has same thematic identifier.Communication protocol exists in the outside, storehouse and starts application, software part and be stored in reciprocation between the document in the different sink as special topic.

Major advantage is and can need not complicated address translation to constitute integrated system such as information combination such as document and common software parts with what independently generate.

The sign that keeps information when the present invention also allows along with information from a system copies to another system.Identifying information is how the ability that distributes of across a network will greatly reduce complicacy such as network operation activities such as software distribution and inventory controls.The present invention also allows to develop the new application class that changes in useful mode along with their distribution.

Special topic can be a document.Each example of document can comprise the latest edition of the document and might comprise the document one or more than early version.Renewal to the various examples of document distributes as required.

Special topic can be to use (or software part).Each example of using comprises the complete copy product of this application.Renewal to the example of each application distributes as required.

Special topic can be forum (forum).An example of forum comprises the complete copy product of this forum.Other example allows final user's across a network to forum's comment and increase note.

Special topic can be a database.The same with forum, an example of special topic comprises the complete copy product of database and other example permission final user across a network accessing database.

Special topic can be an imagery pack.The collection and the distribution of the document image of a project of various instance management of special topic.Incremental update is distributed on each example of imagery pack as required.

Each is used and is encapsulated in the special topic.In order to use the common software parts, application can utilize one group of storehouse to serve to quote the suitable resource in comprising the special topic of this software part.If the storehouse is determined the special topic of quoting and is positioned at another storehouse, then can utilize similar network service groups that this request is transmitted to remote library.Utilize this process, application does not need to make any particular provisions with software part and supports long-range special topic to quote.

Because for Distributed Application, thematic ID is the unique identifier of the overall situation, application can make the example of the specific thematic ID of storehouse (or network) search.If the example of database can obtain in local library, then should this locality example can be used to satisfy this and quote.If the local example of database can not directly satisfy this request, then should this locality example can be used as the factorage of the long-range example of database.If can not find the local example of special topic, then ordered list by all storehouses can be searched for to find the suitable long-range example of database in the storehouse.

Available special topic and offspring's special topic are organized into the layering structure with special topic.The storehouse can be organized into special topic any structure (layering, matrix etc.), because addressing standard and do not rely on library structure and locate special topic.For " view " of the customization in storehouse being provided for various final users, storehouse even can support multiple institutional framework simultaneously.

The specific final user's in storehouse view can be got rid of this final user does not have other any special topic of enough access authorization levels.Can be addressing special topic and access level for watching the institutional framework definition to separate.Might not appear in final user's view in storehouse though comprise the special topic of software part, still might allow this final user to use the application of quoting this software part.

The basic skills that has two kinds of management versions.Can set up version by duplicating special topic, or can in special topic, realize Version Control.When duplicating special topic and set up redaction, can between the various version of special topic, define subordinate relation to simplify relevant co-ordination.

As an alternative, special topic can comprise the document of being with Version Control.The particular version of document can be included in single composite file or the single sub-directory.Foundation along with the redaction of the document can be stored in them in the additional composite file or sub-directory in the same special topic.Also can utilize special topic to unify any note that the various version of document is provided with storage.The distribution of this special topic can be set up the latest edition that comprises the document, the new example than early version and any associated annotation (or upgrading existing example) of the document.

The Version Control of process software parts differently.Can be used as and generate the storehouse that new special topic comprises new software part and application and set up software development environment.Can in each is thematic separately, support the multiple version of each software part (or application) then.The distribution of this special topic can be set up the latest edition that new example (or the existing example of upgrading) comprises this software part (or application).Utilize this method, all source codes, executable module, document and the installation process of particular software component can be encapsulated in the single special topic.This method has been simplified the exploitation of test environment and has been improved part reliability, because realize for the first time putting up to its branch from it, thematic ID related with each software part and name can be constant.

The storehouse can be designated special topic " special topic trusty " or " suspicious special topic ".If being that the special topic trusty from the storehouse trusty distributes, special topic it can be designated special topic trusty (or otherwise it being designated special topic trusty) by the final user who authorizes.The short tabulation in the storehouse trusty that the branch of application trusty that it therefrom receives and software part is put can be safeguarded in each storehouse.The set in defined storehouse trusty, storehouse is the territory trusty in this storehouse.Not that special topic trusty from the storehouse trusty divides any special topic of putting to be identified as suspicious special topic.Allow suspicious special topic to revise in the name space that is included in itself and the resource in the name space of any special topic of listing this suspicious special topic as the name subordinate.Yet, do not allow suspicious thematic update package to be contained in resource in any other special topic.The special topic that these restrictions have reduced malice effectively is to storehouse or destruction that network is made.

Except being encapsulated in the resource in the special topic, each special topic can be realized being called " method " one group of function (Method) and control the distribution of itself.There is no need to be all problem-oriented approach of each special topic definition.All methods that special topic is utilized and storehouse service all are to carry out in the context of this specific special topic.Special topic can be inherited built-in function (and operating system function) from their related libraries.

In order to duplicate special topic, call and duplicate problem-oriented approach (Copy Topicmethod) for the definition of this special topic.Duplicate problem-oriented approach and set up the content of new special topic and this new special topic of initialization.At last, call the method that defines for this new special topic and finish initialization procedure.

In order in active view, to move special topic, call the mobile problem-oriented approach of realizing into this special topic (Move Topic Method).Mobile problem-oriented approach is eliminated as its current ancestors' direct offspring's special topic and as the direct offspring of second special topic this special topic is installed.Call a kind of method for all special topics that move then.Note also all moving as mobile its all offsprings when thematic.

In order to delete special topic, call the deletion problem-oriented approach of realizing into these thematic ancestors (Delete Topic Method).Special topic is not deleted them and oneself is not allowed a function performance to delete the file of this function from its loading because of many operating systems.

Opening problem-oriented approach (Open Topic method) is used to activate and an application or a software part that special topic is related.

Announce that problem-oriented approach (Public Topic method) is used for distributing special topic to another storehouse.Announce that problem-oriented approach supposes that this thematic original instance should be retained in the storehouse, source and its duplicate should be distributed on the object library.The supposition of announcement problem-oriented approach was carried out this announcement problem-oriented approach for each name subordinate.The announcement problem-oriented approach looks to exist whether this thematic example with the test-target storehouse.If on object library, there has been this thematic example, then calls and be (Before Publish Topic) method before the announcement special topic that existing example realizes, and upgrade the content of existing special topic.If on object library, can not find this thematic example, then on object library, increase this thematic example.

Recover problem-oriented approach (Restore Topic method) and be equal to the announcement problem-oriented approach, except it returns to last version with special topic rather than this special topic is updated to the version of renewal.Recover problem-oriented approach and be designed to announcing that problem-oriented approach works, so as can by " announcements " special topic give another storehouse then where necessary " recoverys " they come reserve and recovery thematic.For example, if destroy or deleted thematic original instance, can utilize and recover problem-oriented approach from the example of announcing this thematic original instance of regenerating.When the example of the announcement of special topic does not comprise enough information and regenerates original instance, will not support to recover problem-oriented approach.

Upgrade problem-oriented approach (Update Topic method) and be used to control the automatic distribution that special topic upgrades.When carrying out the renewal problem-oriented approach, this special topic check judges whether a renewal can be used for distribution.If can use a renewal,, finish renewal process so that can carry out the announcement problem-oriented approach just return the position of the example of the special topic that comprises this renewal.

Send problem-oriented approach (Route Topic method) and be used for the distribution special topic to another storehouse.Sending the problem-oriented approach supposition should move to original instance that should special topic on the object library, and duplicate that should special topic should be stayed on the storehouse, source.In order to send special topic, call the transmission problem-oriented approach of realizing into this special topic.Send the problem-oriented approach supposition and carried out the announcement problem-oriented approach for each name subordinate.Sending problem-oriented approach judges the test-target storehouse and has this thematic example whether.If there has been this thematic example on object library, then calling is former (Before Route Topic) method of transmission special topic that existing example is realized, and upgrades the content of existing special topic.If on object library, can not find this thematic example, then on object library, increase this thematic example.

The global address of each example of special topic is defined as the combination of storehouse ID and thematic ID.Except these global addresses, available two kinds of other basic formats definition address: relative address and name subordinate.Synthetic address is by being linked at formation with global address, relative address with name subordinate (NamedDependent).

Each resource in the special topic has only just effective name in the defined context of this special topic (or name space).Resource in other special topic is to utilize this thematic global address (or synthetic address) to quote as prefix.

The available relative address of special topic is discerned and is enlivened other special topic in the view.Attention can't define relative address for direct offspring, because be generally each special topic definition direct offspring more than is arranged.

A special topic says that becoming is to be subordinated to second special topic, if this second special topic is defined as the name subordinate by first special topic, one of them name subordinate is getting in touch between a name and the synthetic address.The synthetic address that is designated the name subordinate is described one group of special topic of this active thematic institute subordinate.The name related with the name subordinate can be used as the address.

A label (Tag) is getting in touch between a name and the short text phrase.Can be the following standard label of all special topic definition:

The name of name-special topic.

＜synthetic address 〉-thematic name.

The individual's of author-making special topic name.

Address-author's address.

E-mail address-author's e-mail address.

The company of company-exploitation special topic.

Named file (Named File) is getting in touch between name and the path.When on legacy system, realizing when of the present invention, may in special topic, comprise one or more file and need not actual move.This on the one hand, the named file sign is encapsulated in the special topic but is not embedded into file in this thematic file system as yet.When announcing or send special topic, the duplicate of any named file is embedded in the long-range example of this special topic.Named file also is used for generating html link into the file of encapsulation.For example, can be the text that is designated named file and generate a html link so that can watch or edit the content of this document by the Internet or in-house network.

Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful in the robotization of the high value of supporting disposable the finishing (one-off effort) of short relatively duration normally and key project.These embodiment can comprise in-house network announcement instrument and come support company to obtain external sales situation (Outsourcing Sales Effort) and enthusiasm research (Due DiligenceStudies) automatically.

Example of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is for implementing the organization chart of network of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is for showing the organization chart of getting in touch between storehouse and the special topic;

Fig. 3 is for showing the organization chart of distributed special topic; And

Fig. 4 is the organization chart of the hierarchical view in displaying storehouse;

At first referring to Fig. 1, network 1 comprises some operating systems or storehouse 2, and the latter comprises the system resource set or the special topic 3 of some encapsulation again.Each is thematic 3 include file systems 4 separately, and file system 4 can comprise application, database, software part or any other relevant in logic file set 5.Network 1 supports a group communication protocol to make the special topic 3 energy reciprocations in the different sink 2.Storehouse 2 defined name spaces are limited on the special topic 3.

At any given time, each storehouse 2 is present on the specific physical location on the network 1 and is assigned unique global identifier, " storehouse ID ".This identifier may be the server domain name for the Internet (or in-house network) definition, and perhaps it may be unique random number with high probability (such as the UUIP of open basis of software or the GUID of Microsoft).

Also distribute to the variant thematic identifier that the overall situation is unique on the network, i.e. " thematic ID ".Appear at a special topic in the above storehouse and say that becoming is to have a plurality of " examples ".Each example of special topic will always distribute identical thematic ID.Special topic ID can be used as UUID or GUID definition, or sets up from the storehouse ID in the storehouse of first example of setting up this special topic therein.Addressing standard is by link library ID and thematic ID definition.

The method of another kind of definition addressing standard is for to be described as two different set with network 1: the set of the set in storehouse 2 and special topic 3, as shown in Figure 2.Network is to constitute by the set of related special topic 3 and each storehouse 2.Be increased to by example then and constitute each storehouse 2 in the storehouse the special topic 2 of association.Notice that this method is clearly shown that two examples of same special topic can not appear in the single storehouse.This is acceptable restriction, because it is in fact nonsensical to have two duplicate of application, software part or a document in single storehouse.Simultaneously, can set up new special topic by the example that duplicates existing special topic as required.

Can easily locate the example (because they all are assigned identical thematic ID) of special topic, and can they are integrated to constitute Distributed Application 6, as shown in Figure 3.

Should point out the not necessarily thematic identical duplicate of example of special topic.The content of each example of special topic with show different thematic different.For example, in-house network announces that instrument can comprise following special topic:

Each example of document-document comprises the latest edition of the document and might comprise the one or more older version of the document.Renewal to the various examples of document distributes as required.

Application (or software part)-each example of using comprises the complete copy product of this application.Renewal to the example of each application distributes as required.

An example of forum-forum comprises the complete copy product of this forum.Other example allows final user's across a network to observe and increases note to forum.

Database-the same with forum, an example of special topic comprises the complete copy product of database, and other example allows final user's across a network accessing database.

The various examples of imagery pack-special topic are the collection and the distribution of document for project management image.Incremental update is to be distributed to as required on each example of imagery pack.

Can be each special topic definition subordinate relation.For example, utilize specific word processing to use the document of setting up and be subordinated to this word processing application usually.By utilizing subordinate relation, the software that can will be installed in the storehouse keeps up-to-date, and is reconfigured as the activity of supporting the final user as required.

Increase progressively realization

Storehouse and special topic can be used as existing or " tradition " operating system is set up with the layer on using.Originally application is embodied as and utilizes feature of the present invention as far as possible, utilize the present invention to realize the function of adding later on again, and reduce dependence legacy system.

Realize that as the layer on the legacy system ability of embodiments of the invention is to become possible by the set that special topic is defined as the encapsulation of system resource.In fact the present invention can become the special topic group to realize by the division of resources with the legacy system management.

The application that utilizes the present invention to realize will be quoted resource by utilizing addressing standard.When the application need that utilizes the present invention to realize activates according to the application of conventional art or service, address translation must be returned in the name space of suitable legacy system.For example, the Internet (or in-house network) document that is stored in the special topic also exists as the file in the bibliographic structure of fundamental operation system.

Suppose this fact in the name space that new address translation can be returned basic legacy system, the present invention seems does not increase any valuable thing.This on the one hand importantly remembers special topic or storehouse to be moved to different physical locations at any time and special topic can be distributed in other storehouse.No matter where thematic particular instance is stored in, and the resource addresses that is used for its encapsulation of utilizing addressing standard to set up is constant.This makes and is very easy to set up the application that utilization is encapsulated in the resource in the distributed special topic.Though new address translation can be returned in the name space of basic legacy system, the result of these translations changes in time.

This locality/long-range the transparency

As mentioned above, be based on this locality/long-range transparent notion as the component object model (COM) of the Microsoft on the basis of OLE and Active X agreement.This notion is that an application should use consistent method to come the integrated software parts, and should not make any particular provisions to the software part that operates on other in-process or remote web server.Microsoft is by with the related this locality/long-range transparent notion that realizes with " processor " or " agency " of remote software parts.Though get from this method work of viewpoint of using fine, it make software part exploitation with install quite complicated.The cost related with the additional complexity in must constructing software part into is worthwhile, uses many times then because software part is only developed once.

The present invention adopts diverse ways to realize the target of this locality/long-range transparency.Each is used and is encapsulated in the special topic.In order to use public software part, use one group of storehouse of use and serve the suitable resource of quoting in the special topic that comprises this software part.If the storehouse is determined the special topic of being quoted and is positioned at another storehouse, then utilizes similar network set of service that remote library is handed in request.Utilize this process, application does not need to make any particular provisions with software part and supports long-range special topic to quote.

By an example design with a software part is factorage as another long-range example of this software part, still might realize agency and processor in present embodiment.

In fact, the notion of this locality/long-range transparency can be taked further step.Because thematic ID is the Globally Unique Identifier of Distributed Application, application can make the example of the specific thematic ID of storehouse (or network) search.For example, an application can be quoted the database that comprises client information by only using relevant thematic ID.If the example of database can obtain in local library, facility satisfies this with it and quotes.If the local example of database can not directly satisfy this request, then should this locality example can be used as the factorage of the long-range example of database.If can not find the local example of special topic, then the suitable long-range example that finds this database by the ordered list in all storehouses can be searched in this storehouse.

Platform-neutral

Though addressing standard allows any special topic to stride overall net and quotes the resource that is included in other special topic, only the resource that is cited belong to compatible when resources-type this quote be only useful." resources-type " is defined as the relevant and consistent set of system resource, such as specific operating system set of service, specific LAN interface or the Internet (or in-house network) collection of document.The present invention allows single special topic to encapsulate the various resources of the set that belongs to resources-type arbitrarily.

With one of resources-type preferred examples of platform independence be the Internet (or in-house network) collection of document.No matter what its development platform is, anyone with suitable WWW browser can both watch any the Internet (or in-house network) document.The popularization of WWW has clearly been showed the resources-type value with platform independence.

Present embodiment has also designed many regulations for the special topic that distributes to the storehouse that is implemented on the incompatible platform (" platform " can be described as integrated resources-type set on the one hand at this).A kind of solution is to be the standard of special topic definition with platform independence.This standard be by will be encapsulated in the special topic resource limit one group with platform independence resources-type on define.For example, all that may require special topic with the standard of platform independence are enlivened parts and are all used Java (with the language of the platform independence of Sun micro-system) exploitation.

The other method of special topic to the incompatible platform that support to distribute is for setting up when special topic is reconfigured they oneself when a platform is published on another.From final user's viewpoint, this special topic is rendered as with platform independence.Yet by reconfiguring they oneself on one's own initiative for various platforms, these special topics can be unique resources-type optimization their performance related with each platform.For example, can set up the Windows95 gateway to the Windows95 storehouse by the example of announcing the database on the large-scale hangar.

The present invention also allows each special topic is configured to virtual machine.At this moment some dissimilar virtual machines can be supported in each storehouse: some and platform independence, and that some is a platform is specific.Be defined as with the virtual machine of platform independence in the special topic that moves can cross over heterogeneous platform and announce or send.Resource in the special topic will be operated in the virtual environment of the unanimity on all physical platforms.Border around (be used to encapsulate related resource) special topic with inside (virtual) mapping resources to outside (reality) resource.The border can be with the internal file structure mapping of special topic in the file structure of platform, or the internalist methodology of special topic is mapped in the distribution type method.For example, open problem-oriented approach and be configured to the external entry point that selectable thematic internalist methodology set provides a unanimity.

The storehouse tissue

As mentioned above, the bibliographic structure below most of modern operating system is used for locating information and organizational information.Though addressing standard is the effective tool that is used to cross over overall situation net location and distributed intelligence, it is not provided at any mechanism of storehouse inner tissue special topic.

Be thought of as the storehouse is created as certain purpose of serving in certain all context.The purpose related with the storehouse is the institutional framework that is included in the special topic definition nature in the storehouse on any particular point in time with all contexts, but the purpose in storehouse can change in time with all context boths.This expression to how on different storehouses the tissue special topic, or on the different time how in the restriction that do not have of storehouse inner tissue special topic.

For this reason, the present invention allows the storehouse that special topic is organized in the hierarchy, as shown in Figure 4.The root 7 of hierarchy is the special topic (this one side storehouse is another common software parts) that comprises core component and be used for the configuration file in storehouse itself.Remaining special topic 8,9,10 and 11 is the offsprings that are organized into root special topic (storehouse) according to the purpose in storehouse and all contexts, as shown in Figure 6.Noun " ancestors " is used for identifying the parents of special topic, and noun " directly offspring " is used for describing the children of special topic.

In principle, the present invention allows the storehouse that special topic is organized into any structure (layering, matrix etc.), does not locate special topic because addressing standard does not rely on library structure.For " view " of customization that the storehouse is provided to various final users, storehouse even can support multiple institutional framework simultaneously.For example, final user's view in storehouse can be got rid of this final user does not have any special topic of enough access authorization levels to it.Because addressing standard does not also rely on the institutional framework that defines into the storehouse, can be the addressing special topic and watch institutional framework to define independently access level.Might not appear in final user's view in storehouse though comprise the special topic of software part, still might allow this final user to use the application of quoting this software part.

The management version

Two kinds of basic skills that are used to manage version are arranged.Can set up version by duplicating special topic, or can in special topic, realize Version Control.Duplicating special topic sets up the idea of redaction and roughly is equivalent to xcopy and sets up redaction.The same with file, when when duplicating special topic and set up redaction, must pay the various version that considerable work coordinates special topic (perhaps manually or by realizing proprietary application).If adopt this method, can between the various version of special topic, define subordinate relation and simplify relevant co-ordination.

In the most applications, better simply selection is to realize Version Control in special topic.For example, special topic can comprise the document that has Version Control.The particular version of the document is included in single composite file or the single sub-directory.When setting up the redaction of the document they are stored in the additional composite file or sub-directory of same special topic.Special topic also is used to merge and stores any note that the various version to the document provides.The latest edition that comprises the document, the new example (or upgrading existing example) than early version and any relevant note of the document are set up in the distribution of this special topic.

The Version Control of software part is differently handled.Software development environment is set up in the storehouse that comprises new software part and application as the new special topic of generation.In each is thematic separately, support the multiple version of each software part (or application) then.The new example (or the existing example of upgrading) of the latest edition that comprises this software part (or application) is set up in the distribution of this special topic.Utilize this method that all source codes, executable module, document and the installation process of particular software component are encapsulated in the single special topic.This method has been simplified the exploitation of test environment and has been improved part reliability, because thematic ID related with each software part and name are constant from realizing up to its distribution for the first time.

Internet security

Because most of modern operating system are the single name space of application definition, operating system is the difference between there is no telling valid application program and the virus (or other rogue program) in fact.The name space of extended operation system provides extra chance with the LAN that comprises various network resources and the propagation that is configured to rogue program of other network.Traditional solution of this problem be construct that firm fire wall carefully monitors and the different piece of Control Network between information flow.The problem of fire wall is that they are only effective in the scope of the information flow that limits the spanning network border.The restriction that fire wall is forced will be dampened the terminal user inevitably, make the terminal user often to avoid fire wall and introduce rogue program in the protected part of any network.

Java (with the irrelevant language of Sun microsystem platform) is the example of the Internet (or in-house network) technology of constructing fire wall in operating system, and Java is that requirement is installed in the interpreted language that interpretive routine on each platform comprises security firewall.The popularization of the continuous expansion of Java demonstrates and realizes in operating system how security protection makes things convenient for message exchange.The problem of Java is that the fire wall of realizing is only effective to the Java application in the Java interpretive routine.The Java fire wall can not be used for isolating the malicious application of writing with other Languages.

The present invention is supported in the alternative method that realizes security protection in the operating system, and this method is all worked the same well to the application of all kinds.The storehouse can be designated special topic " special topic trusty " or " suspicious special topic ".If the trusty thematic distribution special topic on storehouse trusty then it is designated special topic trusty (or otherwise being designated special topic trusty by the final user who authorizes).The short table in trusted storehouse of the distribution of application trusty that it is therefrom accepted and software part is safeguarded in each storehouse.The set in defined storehouse trusty, storehouse is the trusted territory in this storehouse.Any special topic that is not the trusted special topic distribution from the storehouse trusty all is designated suspicious special topic.Allow suspicious special topic to revise and be included in the name space of itself and list the name space interior resource of this suspicious special topic for any special topic of name subordinate.Yet, do not allow suspicious thematic update package to be contained in the interior resource of any other special topic.These restrictions have reduced the destruction that the malice special topic is made storehouse or network effectively.

Also may be that suspicious special topic is to comprise known security exposure with some trusted application identities in an application.For example, the WWW browser of realizing as suspicious special topic can provide support to the movable part (Java, Active X etc.) that forms known safety hazards.By specifying this WWW browser is suspicious special topic, safety hazards is limited on the name space related with this WWW browser (if it is subjected to malicious sabotage, is easy to deletion and reconstruct).

The internet security method of summarizing has above greatly been eliminated the demand to fire wall.Because application is to be isolated in the independent special topic with software part, less need the restriction be striden the information flow that reaches border between enterprise in the enterprise.Even rogue program has found the mode that has entered special topic trusty on workstation, its malicious action will be confined on this particular station, because workstation is not the part in the trusted territory of any other workstation usually.

Basic problem-oriented approach (function)

Each example of the integrated special topic of energy constitutes Distributed Application.A kind of method that Distributed Application is installed disposes each example then and constitutes Distributed Application for each example of this special topic is installed independently.Yet this manual installation process relates to considerable time, expense and specialized technical knowledge.

The ability of robotization structure Distributed Application is to reach by the distribution that allows each special topic to manage itself.For this reason, utilizing traditional OO method to manage special topic distributes.Except being encapsulated in the resource in the special topic, each special topic one group of function of realization (being called " method ") is controlled the distribution of itself.Duplicating of special topic in these function management holders, and distribute special topic in other storehouse.For the method that special topic is realized is come following basic activity robotization:

Duplicate special topic

Move special topic

The deletion special topic

Open special topic

Announce special topic

Recover special topic

Upgrade special topic

Send special topic

Definition realizes the required ad hoc approach of these basic activities in the following joint.Noun QNID is used for describing synthetic address.

There is no need to be this all problem-oriented approach of each special topic definition.For example, the example definable of the specific special topic Distributed Application that is designed to manage a forum of working group.Though should copy package contain the example of the special topic of this forum, have no reason to duplicate the example of the inlet point (a point of access) that forum only is provided, because it is nonsensical to have two inlet points of same forum in single library.

It is also important that and remember that all methods and storehouse service that special topic is used all are to carry out in the context of specific special topic.Originally may seem the unnecessary public built-in function (or operating system function) of in the context of an independent special topic, carrying out.

The public library function can independently be embodied as the storehouse method.The problem of this method is that the various examples of a special topic are included in the different storehouses.If the independent public library function of realizing, then each example that should special topic before carrying out a built-in function must be discerned suitable storehouse.This will increase unnecessary complexity on each special topic.If application to carry out with such as related public library functions of another special topic such as software parts, what for to requiring bigger complexity.By allowing special topic from their related libraries, to inherit built-in function (and operating system function), can avoid the major part of this complicacy.

Duplicate special topic

Each special topic in the network can be used as the parts work of Distributed Application and manages the distribution of itself.Because the specific characteristic of special topic does not have certain template, new special topic just can not be set up in the storehouse.Method allows any existing special topic as the template of setting up new special topic " to duplicate special topic ".

For example, consider the special topic of the sale forum of a specific project of management.This special topic is subordinated to the common software parts of supporting many dissimilar forums and comprising the suitable configuration parameter group of selling forum.For the problem-oriented approach that duplicates that this sale forum realizes is sold forum for another sale generates one.The new forum of selling also is subordinated to this common software parts, and from the suitable configuration parameter of existing sale forum's succession.

The common software parts also can be as the template of one or more thematic classes.Owing to have no reason to keep two duplicate of a software part in single library, the problem-oriented approach of realizing for software part that duplicates can be used to generate the subordinate special topic.Continue the example presented above the duplicating problem-oriented approach and can set up some inhomogeneous forums of common software parts.During duplicating problem-oriented approach, execution require the terminal user to select the forum of certain kinds.If terminal user's selective selling forum then should new special topic with the default configuration parameter initialization of selling forum.

Duplicate problem-oriented approach and be embodied as two parts:

BOOL?CopyTopic( const?char ^*cQNID，

char ^*cNewQNID，

DWORD

iSizeofNewQNID)；

BOOL?InitAfterCopyTopic( const?char ^*cOldQNID)；

Wherein, cQNID is the ancestors' of new special topic QNID, and cNewQNID is the impact damper of the QNID that keeps duplicating problem-oriented approach and generate for new special topic, and iSizeofNewQNID is the length of cNewQNID impact damper, and cO1dQNID is the QNID of original special topic.

In order to duplicate special topic, call the problem-oriented approach that duplicates for this special topic definition.Duplicate problem-oriented approach and set up the content that new special topic is somebody's turn to do in new thematic also initialization.At last, call the InitAfterCopyTopic method that defines for this new special topic and finish initialization procedure.

Move special topic

Mobile problem-oriented approach is used for changing the hierarchy related with the storehouse.Mobile problem-oriented approach is embodied as two parts:

BOOL?MoveTopic(const?char ^*cQNID)；

BOOL?UpdateAfterMoveTopic(const?char ^*cOldQNID)；

Wherein cQNID is the new ancestors' of this special topic QNID, and c01dQIND is the QNID of the special topic that is moved.

In order to move special topic, call the mobile problem-oriented approach of realizing into this special topic.Mobile problem-oriented approach is eliminated the special topic as its current ancestors' direct offspring, and as the direct offspring of the special topic that identifies with cQNID this special topic is installed.Call the UpdateAfterMoveTopic method for all special topics that are moved then.Attention is moved its all offsprings simultaneously when moving special topic.

The deletion special topic

The deletion problem-oriented approach is used to delete a special topic and all offsprings thereof.The deletion problem-oriented approach is embodied as two parts:

BOOL?BeforeDeleteTopic( void)；

BOOL?DeleteTopic( const?char ^*cQNID)；

Wherein cQNID is the QNID of the special topic that will delete.

In order to delete special topic, call Delete Topic (deletion special topic) method into these thematic ancestors realize.Call BeforeDeleteTopic for all special topics that will delete then.Do not make mistakes if find.Delete this special topic and all offsprings thereof immediately.Special topic does not delete they oneself, because a lot of operating system does not allow a function deletion therefrom to load the file of this function.Special topic still used the BoforeDeleteTopie method to carry out the processing of any requirement before deleted.By returning malfunction code, special topic also can utilize the BeforeDeleteTopic method to stop the deletion of itself.

Open special topic

Opening problem-oriented approach is used for activating and an application that special topic is related.For example, be used to have Version Control document open the application that problem-oriented approach activates the various version that is designed to manage the document.

BOOL?OpenTopic( DWORD?dwType，

QN_LPEOLE_REQeale_req，

QN_LPEOLE_INTeole_int)；

Wherein dwType is for being used for opening the method for special topic, how eole_req opens this thematic structure (eole_req will change according to the value of iMethod) for describing, and the structure (eole_int will according to the value of iMethod change) of eole_int for returning the pointer that points to the special topic of opening therein.

Announce special topic

Announce that problem-oriented approach is used for distributing special topic to another storehouse.Announce that the problem-oriented approach supposition should be retained in original instance that should special topic on the storehouse, source and duplicate should be distributed on the object library.Announce that in fact problem-oriented approach is embodied as four parts:

　　BOOL BeforePublishTopic(             QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；　　BOOL PublishTopic(            　　　　    const DWORD iMethod，  　            　　                               const char*cLocation， 　　 　　                                         const char*cQNID， 　　　 　                                         TCHAR*cNeLocation，　　　　　　                                         DWORD iSizeofNew   　　                                             Location)；　　BOOL InitAfterPublishTopic(          QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；　　BOOL UpdateAfterPublishTopic(        QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；

Wherein iMethod will be used for announcing the method that this is thematic, cLocation is the position (cLocation will change according to the value of iMethod) of object library, cQNID is the default ancestors' of the special topic of announcement QNID, cNewLocation is the position with the special topic of PublishTopic (announcing special topic) method foundation or renewal, iSizeofNewLocation is a size of distributing to the impact damper of cNewLocation, and QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA is the structure as giving a definition:

　　tyedef struct{　　DWORD                   iMethod；　　char                    cQNID[QN_QNID_SIZE]；　　BOOL                    bExistingTopic；　　char                    cName[QN_QNID_SIZE]；　　char                    cTargetLocation[QN_DIR_SIZE]；　　char                    cSourceLocation[QN_DIR_SIZE]；　　char                    cQNIDAncestor[QN_QNID_SIZE]；　　}QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA；

If wherein on object library, have an example of this special topic then bExistingTopic is true, if do not have an example on the object library then it is for false, cName is the special topic name (this name can be different with original special topic name) on the object library, cTargetLocation be with object library in the related position of example of special topic, cSourceLocation be with the storehouse, source in the related position of example of special topic, and cQNIDAncestor is the ancestors' of the special topic on the object library QNID (if iExisting Topic will be the acquiescence ancestors for false this, if iExistingTopic is very then is the ancestors of existing example).

In order to announce special topic, call Publish Topic (the announcing special topic) method that realizes into this special topic.The supposition of announcement problem-oriented approach was carried out the announcement problem-oriented approach for each name subordinate.Announce then whether the judgement of problem-oriented approach test-target storehouse has existed this thematic example.If on object library, there has been this thematic example, then call the BeforePublishTopic method that realizes into this existing example; Upgrade the content of existing special topic; And call the UpdateAfterPublishTopic method of the special topic that is used for this renewal.

If can not find this thematic example on object library, example that then should special topic is added on the object library; For this new special topic calls the InitAfterPubLishTopic method; Call the UpdateAfterPublishTopic method then.The InitAfterPublishTopic function is used to increase new special topic to object library.The configuration file in another storehouse can not be directly upgraded in the storehouse, because different storehouses can be implemented on the different platform and their configuration file can adopt different forms.

Recover special topic

It is identical with the announcement problem-oriented approach to recover problem-oriented approach, except it returns to last version with special topic rather than special topic is updated to the version of renewal.Recover problem-oriented approach and be designed to announcing that problem-oriented approach works, so as can by " announcements " thematic to another storehouse " recovery " they and reserve and recovery special topic then where necessary.For example, can utilize and recover the problem-oriented approach original instance of from the example of announcing, regenerating if destroy or deleted thematic original instance.When the thematic example of announcing comprises the information of the original instance that is not enough to regenerate, will not support to recover problem-oriented approach.Recover problem-oriented approach and in fact be embodied as four parts:

　　BOOL BeforeRestoreTopic(             QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；　　BOOL RestoreTopic(                      const DWORD iMethod，   　　　　                                        const char*cLocation，　 　　　　　                                        const char*cQNID， 　　　　　                                        TCHAR*cNewLocation 　　　　　                                        DWORD　　iSizeofNewLocation)；　　BOOL InitAfterRestoreTopic(          QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；　　BOOL UpdateAfterRestoreTopic(        QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；

Wherein iMethod is used for recovering this thematic method, cLocation is the position (cLocation will change according to the value of iMethod) of object library, cQNID is the acquiescence ancestors' of the special topic of recovery QNID, cNEWLocation is the position of the special topic of foundation of recovery problem-oriented approach or renewal, iSizeofNewLocation is a size of distributing to the impact damper of cNewLocation, and QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA is the structure in the form of announcing the problem-oriented approach appointment.

Upgrade special topic

Upgrade problem-oriented approach and be used to control the automatic distribution that special topic upgrades.When problem-oriented approach was upgraded in execution, the special topic check judged that whether can obtain renewal is used for distributing.Return very if upgrade special topic, then iMethod, cLocation and cQNID sign comprises the process instance of the special topic of this renewal, finishes the renewal process thereby can carry out the announcement problem-oriented approach.The renewal problem-oriented approach is achieved as follows:

BOOL?UpdateTopic( DWORD ^*iMethod，

char ^*cLocation，

DWORD?iSizeofLocation，

char ^*cQNID，

DWORD?iSizeofQNID)；

Wherein iMethod is the method that is used for recovering special topic, cLocation is the position (cLocation will change according to the value of iMethod) in storehouse, source, iSizeofLocation is a size of distributing to the impact damper of cLocation, cQNID is the QNID of source special topic, and iSizeofQNID is a size of distributing to the impact damper of cQNID.

Send special topic

Send problem-oriented approach and be used for distributing special topic to another storehouse.Send the problem-oriented approach hypothesis and original instance that should special topic should be moved to object library, and the duplicate of special topic should be stayed on the storehouse, source.

  BOOL BeforeRouteTopic(            QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；  BOOL RouteTopic(                       const DWORD iMethod， 　　　                                         const char*cLocation， 　　　                                         const char*cQNID， 　　　                                         TCHAR*cNewLocation，  　　　                                         DWORD iSizeofNewLocation)；  BOOL InitAfterRouteTopic(              QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；  BOOL UpdateAfterRouteTopic(            QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA*)；

Wherein iMethod is used to send this thematic method, cLocation is the position (cLocation will change according to the value of iMethod) of object library, cQNID is the acquiescence ancestors' of the special topic of transmission QNID, cNewLocation is for problem-oriented approach is set up or the position of the special topic of renewal with sending, iSizeofNewLocation is a size of distributing to the impact damper of cNewLocation, and QN_NEW_TOPIC_DATA is the structure in the form of this announcement problem-oriented approach appointment.

In order to send special topic, call the transmission problem-oriented approach of realizing into this special topic.Send problem-oriented approach supposition executed and cross the announcement problem-oriented approach that is used for respectively naming subordinate.Send problem-oriented approach the test-target storehouse is judged whether there has been this thematic example.If on object library, there has been this thematic example, then call the BeforeRouteTopic method that realizes into this existing example; Upgrade the content of existing special topic; And call the UpdateAfterRouteTopic method of the special topic that is used for this renewal.

If can not find this thematic example on object library, example that then should special topic is increased on the object library; For this new duplicate calls the InitAfterRouteTopic method; Call the UpdateAfterRouteTopic method then.The InitAfterRouteTopc function is used for increasing new special topic to object library.The configuration file in another storehouse can not be directly upgraded in the storehouse, because different storehouses can realize on different platforms, and the configuration file that can be them adopts different forms.

Synthetic address

The global address of each example of special topic is defined as the combination of storehouse ID and thematic ID.Defined the global address of two kinds of forms: storehouse ID wherein is defaulted as the relative QNID of local library, and wherein states the absolute QNID of storehouse ID clearly.Except these two kinds of global addresses, define addresses: relative address and name subordinate with two kinds of other basic formats.Synthetic address is by being linked at formation with global address, relative address with the name subordinate.

Though, exist special topic and must can identify other thematic situation in the view that enlivens for the institutional framework of storehouse definition should not be used for locating specific resources.Relative address can be used for this purpose.

Perhaps the most of common use of relative address is in order to generate the Internet (or in-house network) document.Relative address can be with generating by the Internet documents of enlivening view support terminal user navigation for the storehouse definition.For hierarchical view defines following relative address:

＜special topic 〉-active special topic.

＜-ancestors 〉-these the thematic ancestors in the view enlivened.

＜-Ku 〉-the root special topic of view enlivened.

Notice that not having method is that direct offspring defines relative address, because common definition has direct offspring more than to each special topic.

A special topic is said that becoming is to be subordinated to second special topic, if this second special topic is to be defined as the name subordinate by this first special topic, wherein naming subordinate is a kind of contact the between a name and the synthetic address.The name related with the name subordinate can be used as the address.Provided the above-mentioned definition of global address, relative address and name subordinate, synthetic address can be constructed as follows:

＜synthetic address 〉=＜global address 〉:

＜synthetic address 〉=＜relative address 〉:

＜synthetic address 〉=＜the name subordinate 〉:

＜synthetic address 〉=＜synthetic address〉＜synthetic address 〉

When two synthetic address are linked at a time-out, second synthetic address is to calculate in the context of first synthetic address.Following example helps explanation how to calculate synthetic address.

＜special topic 〉:＜ancestors〉:-quote the ancestors of active special topic.

＜name subordinate:＜ancestors〉:-quote the name subordinate ancestors.

＜ancestors 〉:＜name subordinate〉:-quote name subordinate by ancestors' definition of active special topic.

For the method that proposes above, can be with any effective synthetic address as QNID.

Special topic has been defined as the set of the encapsulation of system resource.Each resource in the special topic has only just effective name in the defined context of this special topic (or name space).For example, each special topic can comprise the file as the called after " index.htm " of the entrance of its relevant the Internet (or in-house network) document.For a special topic is linked on another, special topic is quoted " index.htm " file that is included in other special topic.Resource in other special topic is to utilize this thematic synthetic address to quote as prefix.For example, the link definition to the Internet related with the ancestors of special topic (or in-house network) document is as follows:

＜ancestors 〉: index.htm.Specific purposes are resources-type

Resources-type for three specific purposes of initial realization definition: name subordinate, label and named file.

As mentioned above, the name subordinate is getting in touch between name and the synthetic address.The synthetic address that is designated the name subordinate is described active special topic and is relied on one group of special topic on it.For example, the special topic that comprises document comprises the word processing system as the name subordinate usually.

Label is getting in touch between name and the short text phrase.Label mainly is used for defining the text phrase of the weak point in the Internet (or in-house network) document that will be inserted into the special topic generation by application.Be the following standard label of all special topic definition:

The title of name-this special topic.

＜synthetic address 〉-name of the special topic of appointment.

The individual's of author-this special topic of making name.

Address-author's address.

E-mail address-author's e-mail address.

One this thematic company of exploitation of company.

Named file is getting in touch between name and the path.In complete realization, all be encapsulated in this special topic with a thematic related All Files, then do not need for named file.Yet, when being implemented in the present invention on the legacy system, may need to comprise one or more file in special topic and need not actual mobile these files.This on the one hand, the named file sign is encapsulated in the special topic but does not embed file in this thematic file system as yet.When announcing or send special topic, the duplicate of any named file is embedded in the long-range example of this special topic.Following method can be used to be embedded as the named file of special topic definition:

BOOL?EmbedNamedFiles( void )；

The name space method

In complete realization, the name space management is suitable simple thing, because there is no need to translate name.Yet the realization that is based upon on the legacy system needs constantly name to be transformed into one or more traditional name space from this thematic name space.Even make name translation more complicated be because traditional name (such as the bibliographic structure based on LAN) usually changes according to specific final user's workstation configuration.

To realize four kinds of management by methods names for special topic:

    BOOL GetNamedItem(               const char*cRClass，　　                                       const char*cTopicName，　　                                       const char*cReferenceName，　　                                       char*cValue，　　                                       DWORD iSizeofValue)；　　BOOL GetFirstNamedItem(                const char*cRClass，　　                                       const char*cReferenceName，&lt;!-- SIPO &lt;DP n="26"> -->&lt;dp n="d26"/>　　                       char*cTopicName，　　                       DWORD iSizeofName，　　                       char*cValue，　　                       DWORD iSizeofValue)；　　BOOL GetNextNamedItem(const char*cRClass，　　                      const char*cReferenceName，　　                      char*cTopicName，　　                      DWORD iSizeofName，　　                      char*cValue，　　                      DWORD iSizeofValue)；　　BOOL SetNamedItem(const char*cRClass，　　                  const char*cTopicName，　　                  const char*cValue)；

Wherein cRCLass is the name of specific resources class, the names of resources of cTopicName in the name space of special topic, defining, iSizeofName is the size for the impact damper of cTopicName definition, cReferenceName is needed as the reference point of some name space translation, cValue is the value related with cTopicName, and iSizeofValue is the size for the impact damper of cValue definition.

For initial realization, support following resources-type:

QNID-is used in the short format QNID in the storehouse relatively.

Absolute QNID-is used in the long form QNID in the network.

Getting in touch between label-name and the short text phrase.

Getting in touch between name subordinate-name and the subordinate special topic.

Direct offspring-direct the offspring related with special topic.

Getting in touch between named file-name and the file.

Relative path-with respect to the file path of reference path.

The full path of absolute path-file.

The direct offspring for special topic does not define GetNamedItem and SetNamedItem method.Simultaneously, be not relative path, absolute path, relative QNID or absolute QNID definition SetNamedItem method.At least for initial realization, the project that GetFirstNamedItem and GetNextNamedItem returned does not comprise the project of being with standard name.For example, the project returned for " label " resource class of GetFirstNamedItem and GetNextNamedItem will not be included as the name of special topic definition.Address, e-mail address or any other standard label.The Internet (or in-house network) document

As mentioned above, initial realization will comprise the Internet (or in-house network) collection of document resources-type as with platform independence.This allows the storehouse as announcing instrument with the in-house network of platform independence.This idea is can not make the in-house network document as their natural secondary product of daily routines about the user of the special knowledge of in-house network technology.Simultaneously, because special topic can comprise the application of any complexity, this realization should not reduce these users' throughput rate.

A kind of method is the Internet (or in-house network) document that each special topic of requirement is made itself.Though this method is the option of special topic forever, it can increase unnecessary complexity on each special topic.In addition, utilizing distinct methods to make the Internet (or in-house network) document in each special topic makes the final user who authorizes be difficult to change the outward appearance and the sensation of the Internet (or in-house network) document of each thematic made.

In order to address this problem, exist the default method that generates the Internet (or in-house network) document.This method requires each special topic to comprise the set of a form.Form is the set that comprises the Internet (or in-house network) document of pretreater name.Each storehouse comprises the pretreater that integrated storehouse tissue, thematic form and content come to make for special topic one group of the Internet (or in-house network) document.

The pretreater command definition is as follows:

＜XO Tag=" tag names " 〉-pretreater this order of value replacement of label.If " tag names " is synthetic address, then replace this order with the thematic name of quoting.

＜XO NamedFile=" name of named file " 〉-pretreater to be to replace this order to the relative path of named file.

＜XO AbsolutePath=" to the path of file " 〉-absolute path of using the file of appointment replaces this order." to the path of file " can be quote (by using synthetic address as prefix) to the file in another special topic.

＜XO RelativePath=" to the path of file " 〉-relative path of using the file of appointment replaces this order." to the path of file " can be quote (by using synthetic address as prefix) to the file in another special topic.

＜XO Text=" to the path of file " 〉-this order indication should be with in another text insertion form.This order allows to use and generates big section text (can comprise additional pretreater order) for being inserted in the thematic form.

＜XO AllDirectDescendents 〉-this order replaced with a series of list items.Each list item comprises quoting one of direct offspring who defines for this special topic.

＜XO AllNamedDependents 〉-this order replaced with a series of list items.Each list item comprises quoting one of name subordinate that defines for this special topic.

＜XO AllNamedFiles 〉-this order replaced with a series of list items.Each list item comprises quoting one of named file that defines for this special topic.

When initially being implemented in upgrade special topic interior and perhaps changing organizing of storehouse is each special topic operation pretreater automatically.This method will produce one group of static the Internet (or in-house network) document can watching with existing the Internet (or in-house network) browser at any time.Only support the single view in each storehouse for initial realization, this is gratifying method.It can not coordinate to support all different editions of the desired static the Internets of a plurality of views (in-house network) document.

A kind of alternative method is supported many views.Be called dynamically pretreated a kind of alternative method, require the operation pretreater when on network, visiting each document.Because at this moment this pretreater moves in the context of particular figure, can easily the Internet (or in-house network) document be customized on this particular figure.

In order to support the generation of static the Internet (or in-house network) document, for each special topic is realized following method:

BOOL?ProcessStyles(void)；

BOOL?UpdateStyles(void)；

BOOL?UpdateTemplate(void)；

The ProcessStyles method adopts the form that has defined for special topic also to generate one group of the Internet (or in-house network) document with them for this special topic.The UpdateStyles method is replaced the form that has defined for this special topic with the default form of the class of a special topic.These default forms are to store with being used for setting up this thematic template.The UpdateTemplate method is replaced the template related with this special topic with the acquiescence template of the class of a special topic.These templates are used for setting up and the renewal special topic by CopyTopic and PublishTopic method.

The present invention allows the form of special topic and model customization are become to meet each author's particular requirement.UpdateStyles and UpdateTemplate method provide the cancellation measure that these customizations change.UpdateStyles and UpdateTemplate method also provide the distribute form of enhancing and the measure of template, otherwise these forms and template can not distribute by the PublishTopic method.

Though described the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, should understand it and can implement with other form.For example, the present invention can be as the network implementation of the workstation (generally being called " network computer ") of general enterprise network, common network (its scope is similar to World Wide Web (WWW)) or low-cost dynamic-configuration.

Person skilled in the art person will appreciate that and can carry out many variations and revise and do not break away from the invention spirit or scope of describing widely the present invention shown in the specific embodiment.Therefore, should think all that in all respects present embodiment is exemplary and not restrictive.

Claims

1. distributed operating system that is used for network comprises:

One group of storehouse, each stock is on a certain physical location and is related with one group of example of different special topics;

Each special topic comprises application, document, database, software part or any other file system of relevant file set in logic for the set and having of the system resource of encapsulation, go up an example that in any given storehouse, can only have a special topic at any given time, but a plurality of examples of same special topic can be present in the different storehouses; Wherein

The addressing standard of the identifier that first and second overall situation of needs is unique is applied on this storehouse and the special topic, and the unique identifier of first overall situation is used to identify each storehouse, and the unique identifier of second overall situation is used to identify each special topic.

2. according to the distributed operating system of claim 1, and though wherein Zhuan Ti each example it in which storehouse, all will have same thematic identifier.

3. according to the distributed operating system of claim 1 or 2, special topic wherein is to be organized into the hierarchy that has root special topic and offspring's special topic, and this hierarchy only is used for the location special topic, and the unique identifier of the overall situation is exclusively used in the sign special topic.

4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 distributed operating system, wherein each special topic realizes that one group of OO method is to duplicate special topic in the storehouse, open special topic, and to announce that (or transmission) special topic is to another storehouse.

5. according to the distributed operating system of claim 4, wherein each special topic realizes that additional object-oriented method recovers the robotization that this special topic and control special topic upgrade with the example from an announcement of this special topic and distributes.

6. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein exist consistent communication protocol to start application, software part and be stored in the single storehouse or the reciprocation between the document in the different sink on the network as different special topics.

7. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein the set of standard that distributes as independent special topic by combination and custom component is set up and is used and compound document.

8. according to the distributed operating system of claim 4 or 5, wherein by utilizing OO method construct Distributed Application that each special topic realizes with distributed data on network and software part.

9. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein the special topic in the storehouse is to be organized into only to be used for locating a plurality of views that special topic is not used for identifying special topic.

10. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein each example of a special topic is defined as global address the combination of storehouse ID and thematic ID.

11. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein special topic identifies other special topic in the active view with relative address.

12. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein a special topic is regarded as and is subordinated to second special topic, if this first special topic is defined as the name subordinate with this second special topic.

13., wherein constitute synthetic address by global address, relative address are linked at the name subordinate according to claim 10,11 or 12 distributed operating system.

14., wherein be each thematic definition format, share this thematic content so that can generate the incompatible working group of suitable the Internet (or in-house network) document sets with an expansion according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system.

15., wherein the visit of each special topic is limited to the user of mandate according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system.

16. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, if wherein special topic is that special topic trusty from be included in storehouse trusty is announced, then it is designated special topic trusty, and each storehouse maintenance receives the tabulation in the storehouse trusty of application trusty and software part from it; Specifically sign is not thought suspicious special topic for any special topic of special topic trusty.

17. according to the distributed operating system of claim 16, wherein suspicious special topic only allows to revise in the name space that is included in them and lists this suspicious special topic and is the resource in the name space of any special topic of name subordinate; Suspicious special topic does not allow update package to be contained in resource in any other special topic.

18., wherein be template of each special topic definition, when duplicating this special topic or announce this special topic to another storehouse in the storehouse, this template controls how can change this thematic content and behavior in useful mode according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system.

19. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 distributed operating system, wherein each special topic operates in the virtual machine, and the border around each special topic with inside or virtual mapping resources to the outside or real resource on.