CN1245564C - Cavity member - Google Patents
Cavity member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1245564C CN1245564C CN 03149390 CN03149390A CN1245564C CN 1245564 C CN1245564 C CN 1245564C CN 03149390 CN03149390 CN 03149390 CN 03149390 A CN03149390 A CN 03149390A CN 1245564 C CN1245564 C CN 1245564C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hollow mould
- base plate
- mould shell
- structural member
- cavity
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a cavity member which comprises cavity shutterings (1) and a bottom slab (2) which are connected into a whole, wherein the bottom slab (2) is at least provided with two cavity shutterings (1) alternately arranged; at least one secondary rib mould cavity (3) with a cast-in-place structure is composed of sides and the bottom slab (2); side mould slabs of main ribs or beams or walls with the cast-in-place structure are composed of other outer sides of the cavity shutterings (1). The present invention is characterized in that at least one side around the upper part of each cavity shuttering (1) is provided with an internal corner (5). In this way, after the cavity member is applied to a floor structure, cast-in-place concrete reinforcing ribs can be formed in the position of the internal corner (5) so as to effectively eliminate the phenomenon of stress concentration of the floor, prevent cracks from generating and bear the great action of concentrated loads without damage; simultaneously, the cavity member also has the characteristics of simple structure, high strength, easy manufacture, low cost, etc., and is suitable for use in various hollow floors, roofs, foundation bottom slabs, walls and hollow bridges which are made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Cavity structural member.
(2) background technology
Advantages such as at present, the building of brick mix structure and reinforced concrete structure major part adopts precast hollow slab as floor structure, and it is fast that this floor structure has speed of application, and cost is low.But, only use the cement mortar joint filling, thereby globality is poor, is unfavorable for antidetonation, and phenomenons such as slit cracking, infiltration often occur owing to firmly do not link between adjacent two precast hollow slabs.In order to address the above problem, a lot of building have adopted the method for Cast-in-place concrete floor (solid, hollow), though solved antidetonation and problems of crack, will use template in a large number during construction, have not only increased expense, and have slowed down speed of application, have prolonged the duration.Application number is " a kind of combination concrete rib floor structure " utility model patent of 00203695.9, it is made up of prefabricated plate, formwork, dark rib, upper plate, each prefabricated plate is placed at interval, on prefabricated plate, be fixed with formwork, be provided with dark rib between contiguous prefabricated thin plate or the formwork, upper plate covers on the formwork, and connects as one with dark rib.Though this floor structure can be saved a large amount of templates, accelerate construction progress, but because formwork is what to separate with prefabricated plate, its strength and stiffness are corresponding relatively poor, thereby the problem that exists formwork easily to break, simultaneously, formwork is fixed on and does not relate to concrete fixed form on the prefabricated plate, thereby fixed in place is difficult.And the patent No. is 93206310.1 shuttering member utility model patent, it constitutes hollow mould shell by sidewall and formwork upper plate and is connected to form totally-enclosed cavity polyhedral structure with lower shoe again, prefabricated ribs is arranged in it, during use member is placed on the supporter of floor gap, formation bonded to one another is whole between cast-in-place main rib, the shuttering member.When this kind member uses, be a kind of prefabricated noggin piece purely, the ribs in the die housing only is used to support formwork, can not participate in the whole stressed of superstructure.And when being applied in than the large spatial structure superstructure, its stress performance is also phase strain differential thereupon, do not have time rib between the cast-in-place main rib and connect, thereby make the size of main rib need the phase strain big, or the quantity of main rib increases, and causes material usage to increase, and cost increases.For this reason, the applicant has applied for that November 15 calendar year 2001 publication number is that CN1349028A, name are called " a kind of Comobined ribbed cavity member for spatial structure roof " patent of invention, its disclosed Cavity structural member includes formwork and structure base plate, hollow mould shell and structure base plate connect into integral body, it is characterized in that having 2 hollow mould shells on the structure base plate at least alternately, its side and structure base plate constitute at least one cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity, and other lateral surface of hollow mould shell constitutes the side template of cast-in-place structural main rib or beam or wall.Like this, because on the prior art basis, at least 2 hollow mould shells and at least 1 cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity is arranged on the structure base plate, on the structure base plate, just can form the inferior rib of cast-in-place structure, fellowship structure base plate, main rib, upper plate stressed, form two-way main rib time rib force structure, not only solve problems of the prior art, but also further improved overall performance, the anti-seismic performance of superstructure, reduced the thickness of superstructure, alleviate dead load, reduced cost.After but this Cavity structural member is applied to superstructure, corner at the Cast-in-place concrete upper plate and the Cast-in-place concrete rib between the hollow mould shell on hollow mould shell top, the stressed complexity of superstructure, stress is more concentrated, easily produce the crack, even cracking destruction, the base plate of main is Cavity structural member easily fractures in carrying and work progress, makes troubles for carrying, construction.Therefore, develop a kind of novel Cavity structural member for being badly in need of.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Cavity structural member, after being applied to superstructure, can significantly improve the mechanical property of superstructure, reducing stress concentrates, prevent the generation in crack, simultaneously Cavity structural member also have simple in structure, intensity is high, rigidity is big, shock resistance is good, base plate characteristics such as frangibility, carrying and easy construction not.
Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, include hollow mould shell, base plate, hollow mould shell and base plate connect into integral body, have 2 hollow mould shells on the base plate at least alternately, its side and base plate constitute at least one cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity, other lateral surface of hollow mould shell constitutes the side template of cast-in-place structural main rib or beam or wall, the one side at least all around, top that it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell is provided with inner corner trim, be provided with at least one support draw piece in the inferior rib die cavity of adjacent cavities formwork, the adjacent cavities formwork is connected to each other.Like this, because the one side at least around the top of hollow mould shell is provided with inner corner trim, after Cavity structural member is applied to building cover structure, at the inner corner trim position, can form the Cast-in-place concrete reinforcing rib, thereby can eliminate the stress concentration phenomenon of superstructure effectively, prevent the generation in crack, and can bear bigger point load effect and do not destroy, simultaneously, owing in the inferior rib die cavity of adjacent cavities formwork, be provided with the support draw piece, adjacent formwork is connected to each other, hollow mould shell in the Cavity structural member involves each other by the support draw piece, thereby the intensity of Cavity structural member and rigidity are bigger, and shock resistance is better, and its base plate is frangibility more not, carrying is more convenient with construction, thereby reached purpose of the present invention, in addition, Cavity structural member also has simple in structure, make easily, characteristics such as cost is low, be applicable to the hollow building cover of various cast-in-situ reinforced concretes or pre-power steel bar concrete, roof system, sole plate, body of wall and hollow bridges are used, and are specially adapted to hollow arch without beam and use.
Feature of the present invention also is on the hollow mould shell on described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity top at least one inner corner trim is arranged.Like this, when Cavity structural member was applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, concrete poured in the inner corner trim on the hollow mould shell on cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity top, formed cast-in-place T shape time rib, improved the mechanical property of cast-in-place rib greatly, thereby, make that whole Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor is more firm.
Feature of the present invention is that also the top of described hollow mould shell all is set to inner corner trim all around.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, concrete pours in the hollow mould shell top inner corner trim on every side on cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity top, and the cross section that has formed the groined type layout is a cast-in-place dark rib structure of T shape rib, and integral body has improved every performance indications of Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor.
What feature of the present invention also was hollow mould shell and base plate contact site is interior puncture groove at least on one side.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, in the inside groove that contracts in concrete pours into and the concrete in the inner corner trim of top combine, form Cast-in-place concrete I-shaped rib structure, increased the effective stressed size of dark rib, improved the combination property of Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor greatly.
Feature of the present invention is that also the contact site of hollow mould shell and base plate all is interior puncture groove.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, concrete pours in the interior puncture groove, the Cast-in-place concrete rib has all formed the inverted T-shaped rib, improved the mechanical property of Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, simultaneously, concrete has significantly reduced the probability that produces cracking between Cast-in-place concrete and the prefabricated cavity member with the complete build-in of hollow mould shell.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece is at least a in rod member, rope, pier, pipe, little tube sheet or the sheet spare.Like this, the variation of support draw piece material and structure can be satisfied the different designs requirement of product, and can be according to different needs, adopts reasonable manner to connect.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece is the broken piece easy to break of easily broken structure.Like this, when Cavity structural member was applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, after Cavity structural member installed, the support draw piece that can very conveniently fracture simply to make things convenient for the laying construction of reinforcing bar, was accelerated speed of application.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece is movable part or knockdown pieces.Like this, when Cavity structural member was applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, movable or dismountable support draw piece can be after Cavity structural member installs, and dismounting is reclaimed, and both can prevent base plate fracture or cracking, and recyclable again secondary uses, and reduces the cost of production of Cavity structural member.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece is the charges that can extract out.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, after the installation, can extract the support draw piece fast out, improve speed of application, and support the recyclable secondary of draw piece and use, greatly reduce the cost of manufacture of Cavity structural member.
Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the described base plate at least one prestressed reinforcement or steel strand.Like this, be provided with the Cavity structural member of prestressed reinforcement or steel strand in the base plate, the intensity height can produce bigger elastic deformation when being hit and unlikely destruction has the better overall performance, and its base plate is frangibility or cracking more not.
Feature of the present invention is that also other position of described hollow mould shell is provided with at least one in inner corner trim, groove, pit, chamfering, hole, reinforcing rib, projection, the positive arc angle.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, pours into concrete in groove, pit, chamfering, inner corner trim, the hole and form local Cast-in-place concrete and add competent structure, thereby make structure more reasonable.By projection found time in the position that do not stress in the Cast-in-place concrete, raised line, positive arc angle are carried out prefabricated component to weak force part and are strengthened, and can make the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor stress performance of using Cavity structural member better.
Feature of the present invention is that also described inner corner trim is an arc angle.Like this, the inner corner trim on the formwork adopts curve transition, has reduced the production difficulty of Cavity structural member, has further reduced the stress concentration phenomenon.
Feature of the present invention is that also described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity has two when above, their parallel each other or quadrature or obliques or form grid.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, can form Cast-in-place concrete time rib parallel to each other or quadrature or oblique or formation grid style, thereby improve the mechanical property of Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate is provided with reinforcing rib.Like this, the setting of reinforcing rib can improve its rupture strength and rigidity greatly on the base plate, reduces the proportion of goods damageds of Cavity structural member in transportation, stacking or work progress.
Feature of the present invention also is to accompany reinforce among described base plate or hollow mould shell or both, reinforce is at least a in reinforcing bar, steel wire, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, fiber, fleece or cloth, nonwoven, metal foil band, braid over braid, the strap, and perhaps the thickness of slab of base plate is greater than the wall thickness of hollow mould shell.Like this, being provided with the base plate of reinforce and the intensity of hollow mould shell has obtained improving greatly, simultaneously, the reinforce material selected for use when the diversity of reinforce material was convenient to produce, reduce production costs, the thickness of base plate can improve the rupture strength and the rigidity of base plate greatly greater than the wall thickness of hollow mould shell, makes it be not easy to fracture or destroys.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate or hollow mould shell or both are extended with reinforce simultaneously.Like this, when Cavity structural member was applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, the reinforce that stretches out had improved base plate or the bond stress of Cavity structural member in concrete greatly, can effectively prevent the phenomenon of mating face cracking.
Feature of the present invention is that also the surface of described hollow mould shell is corrugated or zigzag or plucking or other special-shaped rough surface.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, increase the contact area of hollow mould shell and Cast-in-place concrete, made it have the better performance that bonds, solved the problem of prefabricated and cast-in-place mating face cracking preferably.
Feature of the present invention is that also described hollow mould shell is an inversed taper platform shape hollow mould shell.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, can forms the Cast-in-place concrete structure of positive taper type, thereby satisfy force request.
Feature of the present invention is that also base plate flushes with the lateral surface of hollow mould shell or stretches out the formation bridging piece, stretches out partly for local or all.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, its bridging piece that stretches out can replace engineering template, save construction cost, accelerated speed of application, simultaneously, if the outer edge of toss is arranged to various not syntenies, then can disperse concentrated stress effectively, prevent that prefabricated and cast-in-place mating face from producing the crack.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate is pertusate base plate.Like this, alleviate the weight of Cavity structural member base plate greatly, reduced the consumption of material, reduced cost of production, can make things convenient for the laying of various pipelines simultaneously.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate is provided with the locating structure of the downward tension that is used to connect construction formwork, and locating structure can be draw ring, drag hook, iron wire or other device.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor,, effectively prevented the hollow mould shell come-up, guaranteed that the internal structure of Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor adheres to specification by the fixation of locating structure.
Feature of the present invention also is the cavity inside branch of described hollow mould shell or all fills or be pasted with light material.Light material is at least a in foamed plastics, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, foaming or aerated light concrete, rock wool, mineral wool, glass wool, haydite or the haydite concrete.Like this, improved the shock resistance of hollow mould shell greatly, reduced breakage rate, simultaneously, Cavity structural member also has better sound insulation, heat insulation, heat-insulating property, and the diversity of light material can conveniently be drawn materials, and reduces production costs.
Feature of the present invention is that also the peripheral contour shape after the combination of described base plate and hollow mould shell is the square bodily form, cuboid, cylindrical, the hexagon bodily form, arc angle polygon or other shape.Like this, the diversity of the peripheral contour shape after the hollow mould shell combination can satisfy the different designs requirement, is convenient to construction application.
Feature of the present invention is that also the monnolithic case size of Cavity structural member is ascending gradually changing; The wide end in chamber of the thickness of slab of the base plate of respective cavities member or cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity is relatively large, from large to small, carries out the transition to the other end gradually.Like this, when Cavity structural member is applied in the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor, can be according to the designing requirement difference of cast-in-situ concrete structure, and adopt above-mentioned hollow mould shell that Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor is done to strengthen in local, to satisfy the design needs.
Feature of the present invention also be described hollow mould shell and base plate ways of connecting for gluedly is connected, is welded to connect, screw connects, cutting ferrule connection or Integratively formed connection.Like this, can in several ways hollow mould shell and base plate be linked into an integrated entity, reduce the production difficulty, improve production efficiency.
Feature of the present invention also is to be useful on the described base plate location thing that is connected the location with hollow mould shell.Like this, the setting of location thing can make hollow mould shell and base plate accurately locate butt joint, improves the product quality of Cavity structural member, is convenient to hollow mould shell and fast docks binding.
Feature of the present invention also is locating piece, positioning strip, posting, locating slot, locating ring or the reference column of described location thing for protruding.Like this, location thing variation can be satisfied the positioning requirements of different hollow mould shells.
Feature of the present invention is that also hollow mould shell is an outward flanging or to the hollow mould shell of in-flanges.Like this, the different requirements that can use in Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor according to hollow mould shell are provided with flanging or in-flanges, make use more convenient simple.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate is steel bar concrete, steel mesh reinforcement concrete, gauze wire cloth concrete, the base plate made from stress steel bar concrete, polymer steel bar concrete or wire mesh mortar, the cementitious materials of hollow mould shell is cement, cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, ground caustic coal ash cement, sulphate aluminium cement, ferrous aluminate cement, magnesia oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or combinations thereof, and hollow mould shell, base plate are made with same material or different materials.Like this, the diversity of hollow mould shell and base plate manufacturing materials can make things convenient for its making to draw materials nearby, reduces production costs.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1.In the accompanying drawing, 1 is hollow mould shell, and 2 is base plate, and 3 is cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity, and 4 is lateral surface, and 5 is inner corner trim, below in each accompanying drawing, number identically, its explanation is identical.As shown in Figure 1, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and the top of its hollow mould shell 1 is provided with inner corner trim 5, are illustrated as inner corner trim 5 and are arranged on the two relative lateral surfaces 4 of the top of hollow mould shell 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, respectively be provided with inner corner trim 5 on the hollow mould shell 1 on its cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 tops.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5 around the top of its hollow mould shell 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, its hollow mould shell 1 position that contacts with base plate 2, puncture groove 6 in being set in the inferior rib die cavity 3 of cast-in-place structural.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, puncture groove 6 in its hollow mould shell 1 all is set to base plate 2 contacted positions.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, secondly is provided with a support draw piece 7 in rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, is provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, and its support draw piece 7 is a rod member.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 8, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, is provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, and its support draw piece 7 is the activity knockdown pieces.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 9, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, its support draw piece 7 is the charges that can extract out, is illustrated as wood particle.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 10, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with many prestressed reinforcements 8 in its base plate 2.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 11, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6, pit 8 and chamfering 10 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 12, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6 and hole 11 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 13, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6, reinforcing rib 12, projection 13 and positive arc angle 14 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 14, and alternately, the inner corner trim 5 that is provided with around the top of its hollow mould shell 1 is an arc angle to a plurality of hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2.
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 15, and four hollow mould shells 1 alternately, form many cast-in-place structurals parallel to each other time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2.
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 16, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its base plate 2 is provided with reinforcing rib 12.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 17, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, accompany reinforce 15 in its base plate 2 and the hollow mould shell 1, the reinforce 15 that accompanies in the diagram hollow mould shell 1 is the metal foil band, and the reinforce 15 that accompanies in the base plate 2 is metal foil band and reinforcing bar.
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 18, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and the surface of its hollow mould shell 1 is a waveform.
Figure 19 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 19, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is an inversed taper platform shape hollow mould shell.
Figure 20 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 20, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its base plate 2 has the lateral surface 4 of both sides and hollow mould shell 1 to flush, and both sides are stretched out lateral surface 4 and constituted bridging pieces 16 in addition.
Figure 21 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 21, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, its base plate 2 is provided with the locating structure 17 of the downward tension that is used to connect construction formwork, and illustrated position structure 17 is draw ring and drag hook.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 22, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, the monnolithic case size of its Cavity structural member is ascending gradually changing, the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of base plate 2 and hollow mould shell 1.
Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 23, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is connected for gluing with the connected mode of base plate 2.
Figure 24 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 24, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is set to flanging 20 with base plate 2 places of engaging.
Figure 25 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 25, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is set to in-flanges 21 with base plate 2 places of engaging.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present invention as shown in drawings, include hollow mould shell 1, base plate 2, hollow mould shell 1 connects into integral body with base plate 2, have 2 hollow mould shells 1 on the base plate 2 at least alternately, its side and base plate 2 constitute at least one cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, other lateral surface 4 of hollow mould shell 1 constitutes the side template of cast-in-place structural main rib or beam or wall, the one side at least all around, top that it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell 1 is provided with inner corner trim 5, be provided with at least one support draw piece 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 of adjacent cavities formwork 1, adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected to each other.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1.In the accompanying drawing, 1 is hollow mould shell, and 2 is base plate, and 3 is cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity, and 4 is lateral surface, and 5 is inner corner trim, below in each accompanying drawing, number identically, its explanation is identical.As shown in Figure 1, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and the top of its hollow mould shell 1 is provided with inner corner trim 5, are illustrated as inner corner trim 5 and are arranged on the two relative lateral surfaces 4 of the top of hollow mould shell 1.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, secondly is provided with a support draw piece 7 in rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected.
Feature of the present invention also is on the hollow mould shell 1 on described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 tops at least one inner corner trim 5 is arranged.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, respectively be provided with inner corner trim 5 on the hollow mould shell 1 on its cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 tops.
Feature of the present invention is that also the top of described hollow mould shell 1 all is set to inner corner trim 5 all around.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5 around the top of its hollow mould shell 1.
Feature of the present invention is that also hollow mould shell 1 and one side at least of base plate 2 contacts site are interior puncture groove 6.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, its hollow mould shell 1 position that contacts with base plate 2, puncture groove 6 in being set in the inferior rib die cavity 3 of cast-in-place structural.
Feature of the present invention is that also the hollow mould shell 1 and the contact site of base plate 2 all are interior puncture groove 6.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, puncture groove 6 in its hollow mould shell 1 all is set to base plate 2 contacted positions.
Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the inferior rib die cavity 3 of described adjacent cavities formwork 1 at least one support draw piece 7, and adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected to each other.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, secondly is provided with a support draw piece 7 in rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected.
Feature of the present invention also is at least a in rod member, rope, pier, pipe, little tube sheet or the sheet spare of described support draw piece 7.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, is provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, and its support draw piece 7 is a rod member.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece 7 is the broken piece easy to break of easily broken structure.As shown in Figure 7, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, and its support draw piece 7 is a broken piece easy to break.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece 7 is movable part or knockdown pieces.Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 8, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, is provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, and its support draw piece 7 is the activity knockdown pieces.
Feature of the present invention is that also described support draw piece 7 is the charges that can extract out.Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 9, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with two support draw pieces 7 in the inferior rib die cavity 3 adjacent cavities formwork 1 is connected, its support draw piece 7 is the charges that can extract out, is illustrated as wood particle.
Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the described base plate 2 at least one prestressed reinforcement or steel strand 8.Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 10, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with many prestressed reinforcements 8 in its base plate 2.
Feature of the present invention is that also other position of described hollow mould shell 1 is provided with at least one in inner corner trim 5, groove 6, pit 9, chamfering 10, hole 11, reinforcing rib 12, projection 13, the positive arc angle 14.Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 11, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6, pit 8 and chamfering 10 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 12, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6 and hole 11 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 13, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be provided with inner corner trim 5, groove 6, reinforcing rib 12, projection 13 and positive arc angle 14 on its hollow mould shell 1 simultaneously.
Feature of the present invention is that also described inner corner trim 5 is arc angle.Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 14, and alternately, the inner corner trim 5 that is provided with around the top of its hollow mould shell 1 is an arc angle on base plate 2 for four hollow mould shells 1.
Feature of the present invention is that also described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 has two when above, their parallel each other or quadrature or obliques or form grid.As shown in figure 14, four hollow mould shells 1 alternately, form the cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 of two mutually orthogonals on base plate 2.Figure 15 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 15, and a plurality of hollow mould shells 1 alternately, form many cast-in-place structurals parallel to each other time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate 2 is provided with reinforcing rib 12.Figure 16 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 16, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its base plate 2 is provided with reinforcing rib 12.
Feature of the present invention also is to accompany reinforce 15 among described base plate 2 or hollow mould shell 1 or both, reinforce 15 is at least a in reinforcing bar, steel wire, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, fiber, fleece or cloth, nonwoven, metal foil band, braid over braid, the strap, and perhaps the thickness of slab of base plate 2 is greater than the wall thickness of hollow mould shell 1.Figure 17 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 17, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, accompany reinforce 15 in its base plate 2 and the hollow mould shell 1, the reinforce 15 that accompanies in the diagram hollow mould shell 1 is the metal foil band, and the reinforce 15 that accompanies in the base plate 2 is metal foil band and reinforcing bar.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate 2 or hollow mould shell 1 or both are extended with reinforce 15 simultaneously.As shown in figure 17, all be extended with metal foil band reinforce 15 on its base plate 2 and the hollow mould shell 1.
Feature of the present invention is that also the surface of described hollow mould shell 1 is corrugated or zigzag or plucking or other special-shaped rough surface.Figure 18 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 18, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and the surface of its hollow mould shell 1 is a waveform.
Feature of the present invention is that also described hollow mould shell 1 is inversed taper platform shape hollow mould shell.Figure 19 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 19, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is an inversed taper platform shape hollow mould shell.
Feature of the present invention is also that base plate 2 flushes with the lateral surface 4 of hollow mould shell 1 or stretches out and constitutes bridging piece 16, stretches out partly for local or all.Figure 20 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 20, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its base plate 2 has the lateral surface 4 of both sides and hollow mould shell 1 to flush, and both sides are stretched out lateral surface 4 and constituted bridging pieces 16 in addition.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate 2 is for there being the base plate of hole 11.As shown in figure 20, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its base plate 2 is for being provided with the base plate of a plurality of holes 11.
Feature of the present invention is that also described base plate 2 is provided with the locating structure 17 of the downward tension that is used to connect construction formwork.Locating structure 17 can be draw ring, drag hook, iron wire, feet, small lugs or other device.Figure 21 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 21, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, its base plate 2 is provided with the locating structure 17 of the downward tension that is used to connect construction formwork, and illustrated position structure 17 is draw ring and drag hook.
Feature of the present invention also is the cavity inside branch of described hollow mould shell 1 or all fills or be pasted with light material 18.Light material 18 is at least a in foamed plastics, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, foaming or aerated light concrete, rock wool, mineral wool, glass wool, haydite or the haydite concrete.As shown in figure 21, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, all be filled with light material 18 in the cavity of its hollow mould shell 1, and diagram light material 18 is an expanded perlite.
Feature of the present invention is that also the peripheral contour shape after described base plate 2 and hollow mould shell 1 combination is the square bodily form, cuboid, cylindrical, the hexagon bodily form, arc angle polygon or other shape.As shown in figure 21, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and the peripheral contour shape after its base plate 2 and hollow mould shell 1 combination is a cuboid.
Feature of the present invention is that also the monnolithic case size of Cavity structural member is ascending gradually changing; The wide end in chamber of the thickness of slab of the base plate 2 of respective cavities member or cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity is relatively large, from large to small, carries out the transition to the other end gradually.Figure 22 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 22, two hollow mould shells 1 on base plate 2 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3, the monnolithic case size of its Cavity structural member is ascending gradually changing, the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of base plate 2 and hollow mould shell 1.
Feature of the present invention also be described hollow mould shell 1 and base plate 2 ways of connecting for gluedly is connected, is welded to connect, screw connects, cutting ferrule connection or Integratively formed connection.Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 23, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is connected for gluing with the connected mode of base plate 2.
Feature of the present invention also is to be useful on the described base plate 2 the location thing 19 that is connected the location with hollow mould shell 1.As shown in figure 23, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, be useful on the location thing 19 that hollow mould shell 1 connects the location on its base plate 2.
Feature of the present invention also is locating piece, positioning strip, posting, locating slot, locating ring or the reference column of described location thing 19 for protruding.As shown in figure 23, two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, its location thing 19 locating pieces for protruding.
Feature of the present invention is that also hollow mould shell 1 is for outward flanging 20 or to the hollow mould shell 1 of in-flanges 21.Figure 24 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 24, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is set to flanging 20 with base plate 2 places of engaging.Figure 25 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 25, and two hollow mould shells 1 alternately, constitute cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity 3 on base plate 2, and its hollow mould shell 1 is set to in-flanges 21 with base plate 2 places of engaging.
Feature of the present invention also is the base plate that described base plate 2 is made for steel bar concrete, steel mesh reinforcement concrete, gauze wire cloth concrete, from stress steel bar concrete, polymer steel bar concrete or wire mesh mortar, the cementitious materials of hollow mould shell 1 is cement, cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, ground caustic coal ash cement, sulphate aluminium cement, ferrous aluminate cement, magnesia oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or combinations thereof, and hollow mould shell 1, base plate 2 usefulness same materials or different materials are made.
During the invention process, can make the hollow mould shell 1 of band inner corner trim 5 earlier of the cement glass fiber, then, pour in the mould slip (as cement mortar or concrete) of the base plate 2 that mixes and stirs into the vibratory compaction moulding, at it not during setting and harden, prefabricated two or more hollow mould shell 1 is fastened on it at interval, be bonded to integral body, treat the demoulding behind its setting and harden, maintenance promptly gets Cavity structural member to stipulating the length of time.
Claims (29)
1, a kind of Cavity structural member, include hollow mould shell (1), base plate (2), hollow mould shell (1) connects into integral body with base plate (2), have 2 hollow mould shells (1) at least alternately on the base plate (2), its side and base plate (2) constitute at least one cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity (3), other lateral surface (4) of hollow mould shell (1) constitutes the side template of cast-in-place structural main rib or beam or wall, the one side at least all around, top that it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell (1) is provided with inner corner trim (5), be provided with at least one support draw piece (7) in the inferior rib die cavity (3) of adjacent cavities formwork (1), adjacent cavities formwork (1) is connected to each other.
2, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that on the hollow mould shell (1) on described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity (3) top at least one inner corner trim (5) being arranged.
3, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top of described hollow mould shell (1) all is set to inner corner trim (5) all around.
4, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that hollow mould shell (1) and one side at least of base plate (2) contact site are interior puncture groove (6).
5, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 4 is characterized in that the hollow mould shell (1) and the contact site of base plate (2) all are interior puncture groove (6).
6, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least a in rod member, rope, pier, pipe, little tube sheet or the sheet spare of described support draw piece (7).
7, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that described support draw piece (7) is the broken piece easy to break of easily broken structure.
8, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that described support draw piece (7) is movable part or knockdown pieces.
9, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that described support draw piece (7) is the charges that can extract out.
10, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with in the described base plate (2) at least one prestressed reinforcement or steel strand (8).
11, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1, other position that it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell (1) is provided with at least one in inner corner trim (5), groove (6), pit (9), chamfering (10), hole (11), reinforcing rib (12), projection (13), the positive arc angle (14).
12, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 1 is characterized in that described inner corner trim (5) is arc angle.
13,, it is characterized in that described cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity (3) has two when above, their parallel each other or quadrature or obliques or form grid according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
14,, it is characterized in that described base plate (2) is provided with reinforcing rib (12) according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
15, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that accompanying reinforce (15) among described base plate (2) or hollow mould shell (1) or both, reinforce (15) is at least a in reinforcing bar, steel wire, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, fiber, fleece or cloth, nonwoven, metal foil band, braid over braid, the strap, and perhaps the thickness of slab of base plate (2) is greater than the wall thickness of hollow mould shell (1).
16, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 15 is characterized in that described base plate (2) or hollow mould shell (1) or both are extended with reinforce (15) simultaneously.
17, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, the surface that it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell (1) is corrugated or zigzag or plucking or other special-shaped rough surface.
18,, it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell (1) is an inversed taper platform shape hollow mould shell according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
19, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that base plate (2) flushes with the lateral surface (4) of hollow mould shell (1) or stretches out and constitute bridging piece (16), stretch out partly for local or all.
20,, it is characterized in that described base plate (2) is for there being the base plate of hole (11) according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
21,, it is characterized in that described base plate (2) is provided with the locating structure (17) of the downward tension that is used to connect construction formwork according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
22,, it is characterized in that the cavity inside branch of described hollow mould shell (1) or all fill or be pasted with light material (18) according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
23,, it is characterized in that peripheral contour shape after the combination of described base plate (2) and hollow mould shell (1) is the square bodily form, cuboid, cylindrical, the hexagon bodily form, arc angle polygon or other shape according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12.
24, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, the monnolithic case size that it is characterized in that Cavity structural member is ascending gradually changing; The wide end in chamber of the thickness of slab of the base plate of respective cavities member (2) or cast-in-place structural time rib die cavity is relatively large, from large to small, carries out the transition to the other end gradually.
25, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that described hollow mould shell (1) and base plate (2) ways of connecting for gluedly is connected, is welded to connect, screw connects, cutting ferrule connection or Integratively formed connection.
26, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 25 is characterized in that being useful on the described base plate (2) the location thing (19) that is connected the location with hollow mould shell (1).
27, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 26 is characterized in that locating piece, positioning strip, posting, locating slot, locating ring or the reference column of described location thing (19) for protruding.
28, a kind of Cavity structural member according to claim 25 is characterized in that hollow mould shell (1) is for outward flanging (20) or to the hollow mould shell (1) of in-flanges (21).
29, according to the described a kind of Cavity structural member of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that described base plate (2) is a steel bar concrete, the steel mesh reinforcement concrete, the gauze wire cloth concrete, from the stress steel bar concrete, the base plate that polymer steel bar concrete or wire mesh mortar are made, the cementitious materials of hollow mould shell (1) is a cement, cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, the ground caustic coal ash cement, sulphate aluminium cement, ferrous aluminate cement, magnesia oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or combinations thereof, hollow mould shell (1), base plate (2) is made with same material or different materials.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100087513A CN100386488C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Hollow cavity member |
| CN 03149390 CN1245564C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Cavity member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03149390 CN1245564C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Cavity member |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100087513A Division CN100386488C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Hollow cavity member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1566580A CN1566580A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| CN1245564C true CN1245564C (en) | 2006-03-15 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100087513A Expired - Fee Related CN100386488C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Hollow cavity member |
| CN 03149390 Expired - Fee Related CN1245564C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Cavity member |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100087513A Expired - Fee Related CN100386488C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Hollow cavity member |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (2) | CN100386488C (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4468911A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1984-09-04 | Andrew Daga | System for forming structural concrete |
| SU1475792A1 (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1989-04-30 | П.Н.Тимохин, Э.Д.Подлозный и В.И.Малихтарович | Method of producing boards and panels of cedllular concrete |
| CN2160693Y (en) * | 1993-03-20 | 1994-04-06 | 于少华 | Shuttering member |
| PT102019B (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2001-11-30 | Ferreira Eduarda Fanha Nunes R | BOX OF PLASTIC FOR ALVEOLO OF LAJE FUNGIFORME OF TOTAL INVOLVEMENT |
| CN2419292Y (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-02-14 | 梁军 | Assembling building floor with low ribs |
| CN1162595C (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2004-08-18 | 邱则有 | Hollow floor slab with hidden and dense ribs |
| CN1147653C (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2004-04-28 | 邱则有 | Mould with cavity structure for casting reinforced concrete floor slab |
-
2003
- 2003-06-26 CN CNB2006100087513A patent/CN100386488C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-26 CN CN 03149390 patent/CN1245564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100386488C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
| CN1821513A (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| CN1566580A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
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