CN1244649A

CN1244649A - Fast univeral solar energy utilizing device

Info

Publication number: CN1244649A
Application number: CN98100085A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王存义
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-01-26
Filing date: 1998-01-26
Publication date: 2000-02-16

Abstract

Universal solar energy utilizing device can utilize solar energy to produce hot water, boiling water and steam all the year round. It utilize solar heat and light energy for generating electricity as well as heating, cooking, water pump, engine, sea water desalter, etc. Universal solar energy utilizing device for one household to use is installed in balcony and that for whole building may be installed on roof. It consists of rotable converging mirror with anti-wind board, solar collector and automatic sun tracker, and has water tank with automatic scale-eliminating function.2

Description

Fast univeral solar energy utilizing device

The present invention relates to field of solar energy utilization, particularly high temperature utilizes the field of solar energy.At present, high temperature utilizes the prior art of solar energy, be to focus on the double-axis tracking paraboloid of revolution, or assemble the photo-thermal of solar energy with the heliostat of double-axis tracking, or flute profile paraboloidal mirror fixing installation to the south or that East and West direction is installed, or the composite parabolic mirror, or Fresnel Lenses is fixedly mounted on the carriage of tracker.In China Patent No. is 94228301 patent specification, introduced the patented technology of flute profile parabolic concentrator type solar water heater by name, it is directly water pipe is heated with the parabolic sunlight heat of assembling of the flute profile of uniaxiality tracking.But there is following shortcoming respectively in all these devices:

1, the heliostat followed the tracks of of the paraboloid of revolution condenser of point focusing and Fresnel Lenses or two commentaries on classics etc., the daylighting face duty of unit can not be too big, the power of promptly adopting the energy device can not be too big, and be difficult to online use, promptly is difficult to heat the same energy device of adopting simultaneously with the three-dimensional condenser of double-axis tracking.And they can not resist hindering and damaging of strong wind.

2, flute profile parabolic concentrator type solar water heater, its condenser can only can not be carried out self-protection by the uniaxiality tracking sun under destructive wind-force.Adopting of it can device be the water pipe that directly is heated that can not follow the tracks of the sun, and its solar thermal utilization rate and optically focused are very lower than all, and the temperature that can reach is also lower, and its water tank can not automatically descaling.

3, the flute profile paraboloidal mirror of fixed installation or composite parabolic mirror, utilization rate to sunlight is all very low, have only the sunlight of minority time to use in one day, in the world the large-sized solar power station that makes with it adopt can device temperature also lower, the highlyest can only reach more than 300 degree centigrade, because the apparent motion of the sun be declination motion and the time the synthesizing of angular movement, the track of apparent motion of the sun can not be parallel to the paraboloidal focal line of flute profile all the time within one day in general.

4, another technology that is used for solar thermal power generation in the world, be the double-axis tracking heliostat---central tower solar thermal power generation, though adopt can device in temperature higher, can reach more than 500 degree centigrade, but limitation because of heliostat daylighting, and tracker itself wanted power consumption, so single-machine capacity can not be too big, the electricity charge can not be too low.

5, with regard to adopt can device with regard to, current solar water heater ubiquity can not be removed incrustation scale and the thermal efficiency low (particularly winter is lower) automatically, and purposes is narrow, for example can not be used to produce boiling water or steams Mo and cook, and can not be used for extensive generating etc.

Purpose of the present invention will address the above problem exactly, to provide exactly a kind of thermal efficiency higher, power output can be very big, optically focused than and temperature can be very high, function is a lot of and utilize the steaming of solar energy to burn device to the high temperature that hindering and damaging of wind has an extremely strong low resistance.

The present invention is by realizing as lower device:

1, a kind of fast univeral solar energy utilizing device, relate to field of solar energy utilization, by condenser, adopt can device and automatic sun-tracking machine form, automatic sun-tracking machine is a polar mounts, it has hour angle automatic tracking system and declination follower, its tracking velocity is adjustable, and its double-axis tracking action is realized by its carriage, it is characterized in that:

A, described condenser is by several eyeglasses and the fulcrum thereof that are installed on the framework, limit body, spring and wind resistance plate constitute, eyeglass is connected with its fulcrum, the fulcrum at eyeglass two ends is parallel to each other, fulcrum is connected on the framework, by the framework support, the operating position of each eyeglass is all by determining with its limit body that directly or indirectly is connected and spring and framework, the eyeglass side is flexibly connecting the wind resistance plate, be used to assist the eyeglass moment that when running into destructive wind-force, rotates, make eyeglass forward clearing bearing to, each light-collecting lens all has focal line or burnt band, on the framework all the installation site of eyeglasses be will guarantee to be with center line by they focal line or burnt band center line institute public focal line or public Jiao of directly or indirectly forming separately, in the earth revolves around the sun time of one-period, the track of its motion the symmetrical center line of integrated any track cone, with the extended line of the axial line of the hour angle axle of described automatic sun-tracking machine can be approaching arbitrarily, the framework of condenser is fixedlyed connected with the carriage of described automatic sun-tracking machine, by the carriage support;

B, the described energy device of adopting, be to receive, the device of transmission or conversion solar, it is a pipeline shape, or tubular or the part tubular or strip, it is to constitute by following the tracks of section and canned paragraph and one or more articulation, perhaps only constitute with articulation by following the tracks of section, perhaps only constitute by canned paragraph, the installation site of its tracking section is to guarantee that the center line energy of this tracking section and public focal line or public Jiao of described condenser are with center line approaching as far as possible, simultaneously, at the revolution of the earth in the time of one-period, the movement locus of the described center line of following the tracks of section the symmetrical center line of integrated any track cone approaching arbitrarily with the hour angle axial line of automatic sun-tracking machine;

C, describedly adopt the energy device by what follow the tracks of that section and canned paragraph and articulation constitute, one end of articulation is connected to be followed the tracks of on the section, the other end is connected on the canned paragraph, canned paragraph will be installed in apart from the near as far as possible position of the hour angle axle of automatic sun-tracking machine, follow the tracks of section and near distance articulation end points far away, pass through connecting rod or connecting leg, be connected it to what follow the tracks of section and the activity of condenser framework with manner, adopt device to be hollow or solid, hollow adopt can device hollow trackings section and hollow canned paragraph between with hollow articulation their connections after, interconnect all between their internal cavities separately.

2, described formula for the national games that is made of tracking section and articulation adopted the energy device, its articulation has an end to be connected with the hour angle axle, the other end is connected with the tracking section of adopting the energy device, the tracking section of adopting the energy device is near a distance articulation end far away, be connected with connecting rod or connecting leg with manner, the other end activity of connecting rod or connecting leg connecting the condenser framework.

3, the public focal line of described condenser or the public burnt center line of being with center line will and to adopt energy device tracking section are approaching as far as possible; At the revolution of the earth in the time of one-period, the public focal line of described condenser or public burnt band center line and the center line of adopting energy device tracking section, movement locus separately the symmetrical center line of integrated any one track cone approaching arbitrarily with the axial line extensions of the hour angle axle of described automatic sun-tracking machine, this structural principle is two three-in-one principles.

4, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the fixed energy device of adopting that constitutes by canned paragraph, its installation site is to guarantee that its center line and the hour angle axial line of described automatic sun-tracking machine are approaching arbitrarily, and condenser in the case is in the tracking of solar declination direction in 1～1/2 scope to the ratio of the angular speed of solar declination motion.

5, described articulation is by external member that relative motion can take place and movable each other the connecting and composing of internal member; Or constitute by bellows; Or constitute by flexible pipe.

6, describedly adopt the energy device by what follow the tracks of that section and canned paragraph and articulation constitute, it is the heat pipe that has heat exchange box that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles, the endotherm section of heat pipe is positioned at it to be followed the tracks of in the section, the heat release section of heat pipe is arranged in the heat-absorbing medium of its hard-wired heat exchange box, at the canned paragraph of heat pipe with follow the tracks of between the section and they are coupled together by hollow articulation, the canned paragraph of heat pipe and tracking section and hollow articulation three's internal cavities all is communicated with, end away from articulation of the tracking section of heat pipe, movable connecting rod or connecting leg, the framework that is connecting condenser of the other end activity of connecting rod or connecting leg of connecting.

7, described heat exchange box is a water tank, and the heat release section of described heat pipe is immersed in the water of described water tank.

8, described heat exchange box also can be the water tank that includes with the heat pipe heat release section of scale removal brush, the scale removal brush is enclosed within the heat pipe heat release section that is arranged in water tank, respectively there is a flexible force transmission element at the two ends of scale removal brush, centerline direction along the heat pipe heat release section, enter the pipe internal orifice of the correspondence that is arranged in the water tank two ends respectively, and stretch from the collar extension of this pipe of being arranged in water tank outside respectively, change direction through wheel shaft after, be connected to ad hoc receiving on the power-actuated wheel.

9, described tracking section of adopting the energy device also can be roasting tube that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles or the heat pipe that has heat exchange box.

10, described adopting can device also can be tube pot or the hot device of tube still class that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles.

11, described adopting can device also can be the tubular photovoltaic cell that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles.

Being described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, is the state of the present invention when being positioned at equinox on the equator shown in the accompanying drawing.

Figure one is a front view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a vertical view of the present invention.

By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be known, in order to reduce the wind perturbed force, condenser is spaced by transmission light-collecting lens 3 and reflecting condensation eyeglass 15.(preferably select for use at automatic sun-tracking machine 11 from non-electric no electric automatic sun-tracking machine of motion tracking solar time, certainly electricity consumption also can) the left side of carriage 6 connecting the framework 1 of condenser, top at framework 1, transmission light-collecting lens 3 is housed, the two ends of eyeglass 3 fixedly connected

fulcrum

26 and 27,

fulcrum

26 and 27 is through respectively in the corresponding hole, two ends, the left and right sides of framework 1, limit body 17 is housed on the eyeglass, spring 16 is housed on the fulcrum, under safety wind-force, interaction because of limit body 17 and framework 1 and spring 16, eyeglass 3 often is in the operating position, also can converge to sunlight on the tracking section 14 of heat pipe for example, requiring of the installation requirement of reflecting condensation eyeglass 15 and transmission light-collecting lens 3 is identical, it is one that focal line when promptly requiring whole eyeglasses in working order or burnt band center line all overlap, and forms the public focal line or the public burnt band center line of condenser.Adopt can device for example the heat pipe installation site of following the tracks of section 14 be to make its public focal line of center line and optically focused border or public burnt band center line approaching as far as possible, " two-in-one " by name, but they only could overlap when equinox.Variation along with declination angle, they be often to change at interval, for can both there be more uniform minimum of a value at the interval that makes them in the spring, summer, autumn and winter, so require at the revolution of the earth in the time of one-period, they two separately center line movement locus the symmetrical center line of integrated any track cone all approaching arbitrarily with the hour angle axial line of automatic sun-tracking machine, up to coincidence, i.e. " three-in-one ", add aforesaid two-in-onely, be generically and collectively referred to as " two is three-in-one ".

At the right-hand member of the carriage 6 of following day machine 11, can also connect the framework of another condenser, promptly a carriage can drive a plurality of condensers, omits among the figure and draws.Be connected them by hollow articulation between the tracking section 14 of heat pipe and its canned paragraph 10, articulation is connected and composed with the manner that relative motion can take place by external member 11 and internal member 13, their inside all is hollow, operation material in the heat pipe can flow in the passage that is made of them, but can not leak.The canned paragraph 10 of heat pipe passes from the hollow shaft of automatic sun-tracking machine, feeds in the water tank 8 to turn round then, is fixedly connected and sealing between canned paragraph 10 and the water tank 8.Around the daylighting part of heat pipe tracking section 14, be fixedly connected with absorber plate more than three or three along axis direction, and to and plate spectrum selection absorbing material around heat pipe is followed the tracks of the daylighting section on the absorber plate, then they all being packed into to form in the glass bushing of transparent insulation vacuum interlayer, sealed after being vacuumized makes heat-pipe vacuum-tube.

Be dipped in the easy scaling of crust of the heat pipe heat release section 24 in the water tank, influence heat exchange, therefore inconvenience cleaning again, load onto scale removal brush 23, as shown in Figure 2, the two ends of scale removal brush 23 are connected with flexible force transmission element 21 respectively, and flexible force transmission element 21 wears out from two pipes 7 that the water tank two ends are provided with respectively, but this pipe 7 also the logical atmosphere of double as use, change direction through pulley 20 grades, be connected at last by following on the moving wheel 25 of day machine or other power bodies.Also can make and to brush the scale removal brush that the heat pipe heat release section again can the swabbing chamber interior wall.Water tank wall is provided with flowing water Valve 9 and inlet valve 22.If use pure soft water, then can be without transmissions such as scale removal brush and relevant wheel shaft parts and only use water tank in addition.

Adopt and also can make the fixed energy device of adopting by its canned paragraph merely by device, its installation site should make its center line and hour angle axial line approaching arbitrarily up to overlapping, be with the spacing of center line for dwindle it and the public focal line of condenser or public Jiao as far as possible, the angular speed ratio that the declination of condenser is followed the tracks of the solar declination motion should be taken in 1～1/2 scope.

Adopt the two three-in-one principles that the energy device also can propose according to the present invention without the heat pipe cistern system, use is installed in the roasting tube of heat pipe position or tube pot or tube still etc. with hot device or tubular photovoltaic cell or the like, therefore, can be widely used in and boil water, cook, with replacement electric oven baked goods or photovoltaic generation, the energy device is adopted in replacing, also can be used for desalinizing seawater, and drives solar water pump or solar engine or the like.

The present invention is owing to fundamentally solved the problem of hindering and damaging of wind, realize the long-term scale removal that does not need the people to manage, under the full-time constant condition of daylighting area, hot spot can be motionless all day, so very easy increase daylighting area, increase substantially power, whole year summer in winter, can both burn water the heat boiling and produce high-temperature steam fast, easy for installation, can be suspended to behind the balcony on the wall, attemperater installs to the indoor and outdoor and all can, also can install on the roof, realize high-power large-area give full building heat supply water and steam or generating etc.

The present invention can be communicated with it to the water tank of several separate unit heat pipes, forms long queue formula solar energy hot water supply system or steam generating system, and each separate unit heat pipe can be by n no electric automatic sun-tracking machine and the heating of 2n cover condenser serial connection.So can reach very high temperature and very big power.

In a word, advantage of the present invention is: (1) water tank can place indoor, winter not bursting by freezing at night, and be convenient to heating; (2) can accomplish that daylighting area is very big and running gear is light; (3) compare with heat-pipe vacuum-tube or vacuum tube solar water-heater, the used heat pipe of the present invention is few, and promptly area of dissipation is minimum, and collector area is very big, so the thermal efficiency is very high; (4) because of power is big, firing rate is fast, so summer in winter no matter as long as go out the sun of short time every day, just can be heated to water temperature required; (5) function is many, can devices as long as change various adopting, just can realize various uses, and for example can baked goods or sterilization or concentrating to generate power etc.; (6) can realize many arbitrarily unit combinations, constitute the large solar power station, can significantly reduce cost for solar power generation; (7) can realize full top-floor solar hot water vapour supply system, give full building heat supply water vapour; (8) can resist the destruction of strong wind; (9) water tank and heat exchange element scaling not keeps high rate of heat exchange forever; (10) can make the family expenses wall-hung type, hang on wall or windowsill wall behind the balcony, annual fast supply hot water of summer in winter, boiling water or steam; (11) do not consume coal, electricity, oil, contaminated environment never; (12) indoor water tank is incubated for a long time, and is convenient with hot water at any time; (13) solar energy need not be bought and carry, and once investment is benefited for many years.

Claims

A, described condenser is by several eyeglasses and the fulcrum thereof that are installed on the framework, limit body, spring and wind resistance plate constitute, eyeglass is connected with its fulcrum, the fulcrum at eyeglass two ends is parallel to each other, fulcrum is connected on the framework, by the framework support, the operating position of each eyeglass is all by determining with its limit body that directly or indirectly is connected and spring and framework, the activity of eyeglass side connecting the wind resistance plate, be used to assist the eyeglass moment that when running into destructive wind-force, rotates to forward clearing bearing to, each light-collecting lens all has focal line or burnt band, on the framework all the installation site of eyeglasses be will guarantee to be with center line by they focal line or burnt band center line institute public focal line or public Jiao of directly or indirectly forming separately, in the earth revolves around the sun time of one-period, the track of its motion the symmetrical center line of integrated any track cone, with the extended line of the axial line of the hour angle axle of described automatic sun-tracking machine can be approaching arbitrarily, the framework of condenser is fixedlyed connected with the carriage of described automatic sun-tracking machine, by the carriage support;

B, the described energy device of adopting, be to receive, the device of transmission or conversion solar, it is a pipeline shape, or tubular or the part tubular or strip, it is to constitute by following the tracks of section and canned paragraph and one or more articulation, perhaps only constitute with articulation by following the tracks of section, perhaps only constitute by canned paragraph, the installation site of its tracking section is to guarantee that the center line energy of this tracking section and public focal line or public Jiao of described condenser are with center line approaching as far as possible, simultaneously, at the revolution of the earth in the time of one-period, the movement locus of the described center line of following the tracks of section the symmetrical center line of integrated track cone approaching arbitrarily with the hour angle axial line of automatic sun-tracking machine;

2, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formula for the national games that is made of tracking section and articulation adopted the energy device, its articulation has an end to be connected with the hour angle axle, the other end is connected with the tracking section of adopting the energy device, the tracking section of adopting the energy device is at a distance articulation end far away, be connected with connecting rod or connecting leg with manner, the other end activity of connecting rod or connecting leg connecting the condenser framework.

3, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the public focal line of described condenser or the public burnt center line of being with center line will and to adopt energy device tracking section are approaching as far as possible; At the revolution of the earth in the time of one-period, the public focal line of described condenser or public burnt band center line and the center line of adopting energy device tracking section, movement locus separately the symmetrical center line of integrated any one track cone approaching arbitrarily with the axial line extensions of the hour angle axle of described automatic sun-tracking machine, this structural principle is two three-in-one principles.

5, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described articulation is by external member that relative motion can take place and movable each other being formed by connecting of internal member; Or constitute by bellows; Or constitute by flexible pipe.

6, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly adopt the energy device by what follow the tracks of that section and canned paragraph and articulation constitute, it is the heat pipe that has heat exchange box that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles, the endotherm section of heat pipe is positioned at it to be followed the tracks of in the section, the heat release section of heat pipe is arranged in the heat-absorbing medium of its hard-wired heat exchange box, at the canned paragraph of heat pipe with follow the tracks of between the section and they are coupled together by hollow articulation, the canned paragraph of heat pipe and tracking section and hollow articulation three's internal cavities portion is communicated with, end away from articulation of the tracking section of heat pipe, movable connecting rod or connecting leg, the framework that is connecting condenser of the other end activity of connecting rod or connecting leg of connecting.

7, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described heat exchange box is a water tank, and the heat release section of described heat pipe is immersed in the water of described water tank.

8, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described heat exchange box is the water tank that includes with the heat pipe heat release section of scale removal brush, the scale removal brush is enclosed within the heat pipe heat release section that is arranged in water tank, respectively there is a flexible force transmission element at the two ends of scale removal brush, centerline direction along the heat pipe heat release section, enter the pipe internal orifice of the correspondence that is arranged in the water tank two ends respectively, and stretch from the collar extension of this pipe of being arranged in water tank outside respectively, after wheel shaft change direction, be connected to ad hoc receiving on the power-actuated wheel.

9, according to the described fast univeral solar energy utilizing device of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described tracking section of adopting the energy device is roasting tube that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles or the heat pipe that has heat exchange box.

10, according to claim 1 or 2 described fast univeral solar energy utilizing devices, it is characterized in that: described adopting can device be tube pot or the hot device of tube still class that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles.

11, it is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 2 described fast univeral solar energy utilizing devices: described adopting can device be the tubular photovoltaic cell that is provided with according to two three-in-one principles.