CN1244571A - Turbine oil and anti-rust oxidation oil containing neutral anti-rust agent - Google Patents

Turbine oil and anti-rust oxidation oil containing neutral anti-rust agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1244571A
CN1244571A CN99111946A CN99111946A CN1244571A CN 1244571 A CN1244571 A CN 1244571A CN 99111946 A CN99111946 A CN 99111946A CN 99111946 A CN99111946 A CN 99111946A CN 1244571 A CN1244571 A CN 1244571A
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oil
rust
base stock
compound
weight
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CN1100858C (en
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H·T·赖安
D·K·瓦尔特斯
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition suitable for use as a turbine or rust and oxidation (R&G) oil comprising a major portion of a base oil and (A) at least one neutral rust inhibitor, wherein the base oil has a viscosity index of greater than 80, a saturates content of greater than 90 wt% and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt% or less.

Description

The turbine oil and the anti-thickened oil that gets rusty that contain neutral rust-preventive agent
The present invention relates to have the stability to hydrolysis do not damaged, improved wet filtrable turbine oil and anti-getting rusty and oxidation (R﹠amp; O) oil (after this being called " turbine oil ").
Steam turbine and internal combustion turbine are to suppress to get rusty and the branded oil of oxidation with oil.Steam turbine utilize steam to enter in the turbine of High Temperature High Pressure and be expanded to rotation with the fixed blade.Have only top quality lubricant could tolerate wet condition under the steam turbine operation, high temperature and long-term maintenance.In internal combustion turbine, they must be able to contact with very hot surface, and internal combustion turbine usually has intermittent operation and disable phase.Therefore, for effectively, two types machine oil also must have outstanding scale resistance except having good preservative activity and demulsification, comprising in the system ceitical region, form sedimental trend extremely a little less than.
In order to obtain the character of these expections, this type of oil plant must be prepared from top quality special-purpose refining base stock, and the packing that needs careful balance to add.These fluidic character are polluted it easily, especially the influence of other lubricant and additive.May have a strong impact on the character and the predetermined defects liability period of above-mentioned lubricant than the pollution of low degree.In addition, in order to keep effective operational conditions and to avoid damaging equipment used, should carefully keep the cleaning of turbine oil and not have dirt.Can reduce to the pollution of turbine oil minimum by filtering.For guaranteeing the essentially no pollutent of turbine oil, must adopt superfine filter.
In view of the requirement of turbine oil, have only the seldom additive of kind, with respect to the lubricant of other type, be fit to share with base stock.Usually, if desired, final turbine oil should only contain base stock, antioxidant, rust-preventive agent, emulsion splitter, sanitas and thinner.
Existing turbine oil contains acid rust-preventive agent.For example, United States Patent (USP) 4,101, the acid rust-preventive agent in 429 is used in the turbine oil.Show gratifying rustless property although contain the turbine oil of acid rust-preventive agent, they can generate particle, precipitation and/or greasy filth with for example water with as the metal detergent reaction that pollutent exists.Therefore, when being exposed to pollutent (for example water and/or metal detergent) following time, the problem that acid rust-preventive agent causes is to form settling and filterability problem.These filterability problems and sedimentary formation cost are high and extremely harmful.
The purpose of this invention is to provide at the turbine oil that has good rustless property, wet filterability and thermostability when contacting with pollutent (for example water and/or washing composition).In one embodiment of the invention, this goal of the invention is by replacing acid rust-preventive agent to realize with neutral rust-preventive agent in the preparation of final turbine oil.So, the invention provides a kind of turbine oil or anti-oxidation (R﹠amp that gets rusty of being suitable as; O) You composition, said composition contains the base stock of main amount and (A) at least a neutral rust-preventive agent, wherein the viscosity index of base stock is greater than 80, and the content of saturated compound is higher than 90% (weight), and sulphur content is equal to or less than 0.5% (weight).Those skilled in the art will understand that this type of oil plant generally is called II class, III class or IV class oil plant.Viscosity index is assessed according to IP 226.The content of saturated compound and sulphur is assessed by mass spectrometry.
Term in the specification sheets of the present invention " neutral rust-preventive agent " is meant and is substantially free of-rust-preventive agent of COOH functional group.
Term " main amount " is meant that in the weight of base stock, composition contains 50% at least.
In another embodiment of the invention, with the mixture of the compound (B) of neutral rust-preventive agent (class) and following formula: Wherein Z is a radicals R 1R 2CH-, wherein R 1And R 2Independently of one another for containing the alkyl of 1-34 carbon atom, R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms 11 in 35; Join in the base stock, obtain a kind ofly having good anti-rust properties, wet filterability is good and in thermal stability test (for example ASTM D 2619 and ASTM D 4310 tests) turbine oil of excellent property, described thermal stability test is to carry out under the condition of water and/or metal detergent existence.
Except as otherwise noted, all alkyl and group all can be straight or brancheds.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, prepared the turbine oil that is substantially free of acid rust-preventive agent and/or metal detergent.For purpose of the present invention, term " is substantially free of " and is meant, although acid rust-preventive agent or metal detergent may on purpose not add acid rust-preventive agent and metal detergent owing to polluting or existing as impurity in final oil plant.
Preferably, at least a neutral rust-preventive agent is formula R (COOR ') nHydrocarbyl carbonate, wherein R and R ' be independently of one another for containing 40 carbon atoms of having an appointment at the most, the alkyl or the hydroxy alkylene of preferred 8-20 carbon atom, and n is 1-about 5.
Should understand that the maximum number that is arranged in the COOR ' on alkyl or the hydroxy alkylene R will depend on the number of R carbon atom.For example, if R is when only containing the alkyl of a carbon atom, the greatest measure of n should be 3.When R is when containing the hydroxy alkylene of a carbon atom, the maximum value of n should be 2.
Described ester compound contains at least 1 at its intramolecularly, preferred 1-5 hydroxyl.Hydroxyl can all link to each other with the R group, or all links to each other with R ' group, or link to each other with R ' with R with different proportionings.In addition, hydroxyl can be positioned on any one or a plurality of position of R or R ' chain.
Can begin to make the hydrocarbyl carbonate compounds by the esterification process of routine, pure and mild acid, carboxylic acid halides, acid anhydrides or its mixture from suitable.And ester compound of the present invention also can be by conventional ester-interchange method preparation.So-called " being substantially free of " is meant, the alcohol reaction of acid, carboxylic acid halides, acid anhydrides or its mixture and the q.s of initial employing in the neutral rust-preventive agent of preparation, make in theory all-the COOH groups converted is an ester compound.Usually, the TAN of neutral rust-preventive agent should be lower than 10mgKOH/g.Preferred ester compound includes but not limited to: oxysuccinic acid octyl group oil base ester, oxysuccinic acid two oil base esters, pentaerythritol monooleate and glyceryl monooleate.
Another kind of preferred neutral rust-preventive agent comprises: the asparagine acid diesters class of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-heptadecene base tetrahydroglyoxaline.This tetrahydroglyoxaline mainly is a L-asparagine acid diesters and based on the mixture of the tetrahydroglyoxaline that reacts between oleic acid and the aminoethanolamine.This ester compound can be available from Mona Industries, the Monacor  39 that Inc. is commercially available.
In compound (B), group Z can for example be 1-methyl pentadecyl, 1-propyl group tridecylene base, 1-amyl group tridecylene base, 1-tridecylene base 15 carbene bases or 1-tetradecyl eicosylene base.Preferably, radicals R 1And R 2In carbon atom number be 16-28, more preferably 18-24.Especially preferred R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms be about 20-22.Preferred compound (B) is 3-C 18-24Alkenyl-2, the 5-succinimide, that is, wherein the average carbon atom number order in the alkenyl is the compound of 18-24.
One aspect of the present invention, the titration acid number (TAN) of compound (B) is about the about 140mgKOH/g of 80-, preferably about 110mgKOH/g.TAN measures according to ASTM D 664.
Compound (B) is commercially available, or utilizes known technology to make (for example referring to EP-A-0389237).
The used lubricating oil of the present invention comprises natural lubricating oil, ucon oil and composition thereof.The lubricating oil that is suitable for also comprises: the base stock that obtains by isomerization synthetic wax and broken wax (slack wax), and the base stock by fragrance in hydrocracking (the not being solvent extraction) crude oil and polar compound manufacturing.Usually, natural and ucon oil has about 1 * 10 respectively under 100 ℃ -6m 2/ s-40 * 10 -6m 2/ s (about 1-40cSt) kinematic viscosity is though conventional the use only requires that oil plant has about 2 * 10 under 100 ℃ -6m 2/ s-about 8 * 10 -6m 2The viscosity of/s (about 2-8cSt).
Natural base stock comprises animal oil, vegetables oil (for example Viscotrol C and lard), oil, mineral oil and from coal and shale derived oils.Preferred natural base stock is a mineral oil.
Be applicable to that mineral oil of the present invention comprises the basic oil plant of mineral oil of used routine.Comprising chemical structure is naphthenic oil or paraffin oil.Oil plant can pass through ordinary method, utilizes acid, alkali, clay or other reagent (for example aluminum chloride) refining, or the extraction oil plant of making by solvent extraction, and the solvent of extraction usefulness for example is phenol, sulfurous gas, furfural, dichloro-diethyl ether etc.Can be with its hydrotreatment or hydrofining, cooling dewaxing or catalytic dewaxing, or hydrocracking.Mineral oil can be made by natural matter, perhaps is made up of the wax stock of isomery or the resistates of other treating process.
Usually, the kinematic viscosity of mineral oil is about 2 * 10 under 100 ℃ -6m 2/ s-12 * 10 -6m 2/ s (about 2cSt-12cSt).Preferred mineral oil has 3 * 10 under 100 ℃ -6m 2/ s-10 * 10 -6m 2The kinematic viscosity of/s (about 3-10cSt), most preferably those are 5 * 10 100 ℃ of following viscosity -6m 2/ s-9 * 10 -6m 2The compound of/s (about 5-9cSt).
Be applicable to that ucon oil of the present invention comprises: the hydrocarbon-type oil that hydrocarbon-type oil and halogen replace, for example oligomeric, polymeric and poly-mutually alkenes compounds [for example, polybutene compounds, polypropylene-base compound, propylene and isobutylene copolymers compounds, chlorination poly-in alkene (polylactene) compounds, poly-(1-hexene), poly-(1-octene) and composition thereof]; Benzene compound [for example, polybutene compounds, polypropylene-base compound, propylene and isobutylene copolymers compounds, the poly-interior ether compound of chlorination, poly-(1-hexene), poly-(1-octene) and composition thereof]; Benzene compound [dodecyl benzene-like compounds, tetradecyl benzene-like compounds, dinonyl benzene-like compounds and two (2-ethylhexyl) compounds]; Polyphenyl compounds [for example, biphenyl compound, Terphenyls compound, alkylating polyphenyl compounds]; Alkylating diphenylether compound, alkylating diphenyl sulfide compounds, and their derivative, analogue and homologue, or the like.Preferred synthetic oil plant is the oligopolymer of the oligopolymer of alpha-olefines compound, particularly 1-decene, is also referred to as polyalphaolefin compounds or PAO compounds.
Ucon oil also comprises polymkeric substance, interpretation, multipolymer and the derivative thereof of oxyalkylene, and wherein, terminal hydroxyl is esterified or etherification modified.This type of synthetic oil plant can for example be: the polyoxyalkylene polymers that is made by oxyethane or propylene oxide polymerization; The alkyl of described polyoxyalkylene polymers and aryl ethers compounds (for example molecular-weight average is the diphenyl ether of the polypropylene glycol of 1000 methyl-poly-Isopropanediol ether, molecular weight 100-1500); And single-and many-carboxylicesters (for example, acetate compounds, mixed C 3-C 8The C of fatty acid ester and Tetraglycol 99 12The oxygen acid diester).
Another kind of suitable ucon oil comprises: the ester compound that dicarboxylic ester (for example, phthalic acid, succsinic acid, alkyl succinic acid compounds and alkenyl succinyl-compounds, toxilic acid compounds, nonane diacid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, hexanodioic acid, linoleic acid dimer, propanedioic acid, alkyl propanedioic acid class and alkenyl propanedioic acid compounds) and different alcohol compounds (for example butanols, hexanol, dodecanol, 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, ethylene glycol, diglycol monotertiary ether compound and propylene glycol) form.The object lesson of these ester compounds comprises: two-2-(ethyl hexyl) ester of Polycizer W 260, sebacic acid two (2-ethylhexyl) ester, di n butyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, two different decayl esters of azelaic acid, dioctyl isophthalate, didecyl phthalate, sebacic acid two eicosyl esters, linoleic acid dimer, the mixed esters of 1 mole of sebacic acid and 2 moles of Tetraglycol 99s and 2 moles of 2-ethyl-caproic acid reactions.The oil plant of preferred type is the C of hexanodioic acid in this type of synthetic oil plant 4-C 12Alcohol ester.
The ester compound that is suitable as ucon oil comprises that also those are from C 5-C 12The ester compound that monocarboxylic acid compounds and multicomponent alcoholics compound and polyether compound (for example neopentyl glycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP) tetramethylolmethane, Dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol) form.
Polysiloxane-based oil plant (for example poly-alkyl-poly-aryl-poly-alkoxyl group-or poly-aryloxy-type siloxane oil plant and silicate class oil plant) contains another kind of suitable ucon oil.This type of oil plant comprises tetraethyl orthosilicate, silicic acid four isopropyl esters, silicic acid four (2-ethylhexyl) ester, silicic acid four (4-methyl-2-ethylhexyl) ester, silicic acid four (right-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, six (4-methyl-pentyloxy)-sily oxide, poly-(dimethyl)-siloxane compound and poly-(aminomethyl phenyl) siloxane compound.Other ucon oils comprise: the liquid ester compounds of phosphoric acid (for example Tritolyl Phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, decylphosphonic acid diethyl ester), polytetrahydrofuran compounds and poly-alpha-olefin compounds.
The oilness base stock can be derived from purified, the oil plant of re-refining or its mixture.Just can directly obtain raw petroleum stock from natural matter or synthesis material (for example coal, shale or tar sand pitch) without further purifying or processing.The example of raw petroleum stock comprises: the oil of being handled the shale oil directly obtain, directly being obtained by distillation method by distillation, or the ester oil that is directly obtained by esterification, after this they all need not further processing.Except that improving in one or more purification step one or several character of refining oil plant, refining oil plant and raw petroleum stock are similar.The purification technique that is suitable for comprises: the extraction of distillation, hydrotreatment, dewaxing, solvent extraction, acid or alkali, filtration and diafiltration, these technology all are that this area professional says and knows.Employing is handled used oil with refining oil plant similar methods can obtain the oil plant of re-refining.Known these oil plant of re-refining is regeneration or handles oil plant again, and usually adds processing by the technology that is used to remove inefficacy additive and oil plant degraded product.United States Patent (USP) 5,736, disclosed white oil class also can be used as turbine and R﹠amp in 490; The base stock of O oil.
The viscosity index of described base stock (VI) is higher than 80, and the content of saturated compound is higher than 90% (weight), and sulphur content is lower than 0.5% (weight).In a preferred embodiment, the sulphur content of oil plant is equal to or less than 0.3%, more preferably is equal to or less than 0.1%.The preferred base stock of the present invention is the mineral oil of hydrotreatment and/or different-dewaxing, synthetic oil plant and composition thereof.
Turbine of the present invention and R﹠amp; O oil can be by the simple mixtures preparation of suitable base stock and various ingredients.
For convenience, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, be applicable to that interpolation component that the present invention puts into practice can be used as and be used to prepare ready-made turbine oil or R﹠amp; The enriched material of O oil provides.The enriched material that contains neutral rust-preventive agent but do not contain compound (B) of the present invention normally joins in the base stock with the processing rate of 0.7-about 2% (weight), and this is with regard to the weight of oil plant end product.The enriched material that contains neutral rust-preventive agent and compound (B) of the present invention can (ASTM D665B) provide higher rust inhibition under the condition that seawater exists, and normally the processing rate with 0.3-about 2% (weight) joins in the base stock, and this is with regard to the weight of oil plant end product.
When adopting neutral rust-preventive agent and not adding compound (B), with regard to the gross weight of enriched material, the content of neutral rust-preventive agent in adding enriched material generally is between about 60% (weight) of about 10-.When with compound (B) when share, gross weight with regard to enriched material, the content of neutral rust-preventive agent in adding enriched material generally is between about 60% (weight) of about 10-, and the content of compound (B) in adding enriched material generally is between about 15% (weight) of about 1-simultaneously.Except fluid components, this enriched material can also contain solvent or the thinner that is useful on fluid components.Described solvent or thinner should be compatible to and/or dissolve in the base stock that turbine uses, and wherein can add enriched material.The solvent and the thinner that are suitable for all are known substances.Self also can be used as solvent or thinner the base stock that turbine is used.Described enriched material should be fit to contain the required conventional additives of any turbine oil.Though the processing to formulated fluids can be optimum, also can be by the ratio of each component in the predetermined extent of dilution control enriched material.
No matter be directly to join in the base stock, or add with the form of enriched material, the content of neutral rust-preventive agent in the oil plant end product should be 0.10% at least, preferred about 0.45% (weight) of 0.10-.No matter be directly to join in the base stock, or add with the form of enriched material, if use compound (B), then the content of compound (B) in the oil plant end product should be about 0.25% (weight) of 0.008-at least.
Interpolation enriched material of the present invention and oil plant end product can also contain other additives, for example phosphor-included additive and sulfuration ester compound.Preferred phosphor-included additive comprises acid phosphate amine salt compounds and the compound that contains p and s.
Other are usually used in turbine and R﹠amp; Additive in the O oil plant can be contained in turbine of the present invention and R﹠amp; In the O oil.Other additives comprise oxidation inhibitor, emulsion splitter and sanitas.When existing, these additives exist with convention amount in the turbine oil packing.
The present invention will describe by the following example, and these embodiment limit protection scope of the present invention never in any form.Embodiment
In table 1, listed the prescription of multiple turbine oil enriched material.Turbine oil enriched material 1-4 represents the preparation in the protection domain of the present invention, that is to say that they contain these neutral rust-preventive agent and are substantially free of acid rust-preventive agent.5 representatives of turbine oil enriched material wherein contain the interpolation enriched material that does not belong to scope of the present invention of acid rust-preventive agent.All samples all adopts the similar conventional additives (for example oxidation inhibitor, emulsion splitter and sanitas) of analog quantity.Table 1: turbine oil enriched material
Turbine oil 1 (TO1) Turbine oil 2 (TO2) Turbine oil 3 (TO3) Turbine oil 4 (TO4) Turbine oil 5 (TO5) (reference substance)
Rust-preventive agent V ??21.25
Rust-preventive agent W ??0.50
Rust-preventive agent X ??22.50 ??22.50
Rust-preventive agent Y ??20.00
Rust-preventive agent Z ??12.00
Compd B ??5.00
RIV: the neutral rust-preventive agent RIW of glyceryl monooleate: the neutral rust-preventive agent RIX of ashless sulphonate: the neutral rust-preventive agent RIY of single pentaerythritol oleate: the neutral rust-preventive agent RIZ of oxysuccinic acid octyl group grease: a kind of United States Patent (USP) 4 that is disclosed in, 101, acid rust-preventive agent in 429, its contain oleic acid,
The reaction product compd B of Triethylenetetramine (TETA) and the maleic anhydride that replaces by the C12 alkenyl: 3-C 18-24Alkenyl-2, the 5-pyrrolidine-diones
By being joined in the different base stock of viscosity with the processing rate (treat rate) of 0.8% (weight), above-mentioned interpolation enriched material obtains above-mentioned turbine oil.Used base stock is the mineral oil of hydrotreatment (HP), and it has at least 98 VI, at least 98% saturation ratio and the sulphur content that is lower than 0.01%.Also can adopt the base stock of solvent treatment (SR).Utilize housing filtration test (Shell Filtration Test) to measure the wet filterability of oil plant end product, utilize ASTM D665B rust prevention test to measure rustless property simultaneously.
The housing filtration test can be used for assessing the filtering feature that contains and do not contain the oil type hydraulic fluid of calcium and/or water dirt.As the fluid of blended and pollution, will repeat the following test of each fluidic.After 70 ℃ of following pre-treatment, with the vacuum of 659mmHg, through the tested oil plant of 1.2 microns micro-pore-film filtration 300ml.Do not control the fluidic temperature but it should be in 19-26 ℃.Write down the continuous 100ml of each fluid and see through the time of filter membrane, or note the time that filter membrane stops up.In following form, the result of housing filtration test be represented as " by " or " failure ", the oil plant by being meant whole 300ml is all by filter membrane, failure expression filter membrane stops up.
The results are shown in Table 2 for housing filtration test and ASTM D 665B rust prevention test.Table 2: the result of housing filtration test and ASTM D665B rust prevention test
The addition type enriched material Base stock-ISO # The housing filtration test ASTM D665B rust prevention test
????TO4 ????HP-32 By By
????TO5 ????SR-32 Failure By
????TO5 ????SR-46 Failure By
????TO4 ????HP-68 By By
????TO5 ????SR-68 Failure By
????TO4 ????HP-100 By By
Can be clear that from last table the result in housing filtration test and ASTM D665B test is all qualified for the present composition.In addition, table 2 shows, contains the turbine oil (TO5) that is enough to the acid rust-preventive agent by ASTM D665B tested number and but can't pass through the housing filtration test.
Turbine oil in processing, just store and transportation in, be exposed to the remaining lubricating fluid that contains acid rust-preventive agent and/or metal detergent or contain under the turbine oil of acid rust-preventive agent through regular meeting.Turbine oil of the present invention also can pass through the housing filtration test when the pollution of acid rust-preventive agent that is subjected to this type of source and/or metal detergent.
Use for some, wish have can accept rustless property in, people also wish to have the antioxidant property in the presence of water.Have been found that component (A) and the turbine oil (B) of containing of the present invention has good thermostability and can be by rust prevention test in containing water test.ASTM D 4310 be used for measuring oxidising process antirust mineral oil, especially turbine oil under the high temperature, have the trend that forms greasy filth under the oxidizing condition at oxygen, water and ketone and ferrous metal.In this test, oil sample was reacted 1000 hours in the presence of water and iron/copper catalyst tube with oxygen.Copper and the iron of subsequent analysis oil sample to lose in the weight of measuring total acid value (TAN), greasy filth and the catalyzer.The table 3 expression stability to hydrolysis of turbine oil in the presence of water that contains additive (A) and (B) make up of the present invention.
It is the 3-C of 0.04% (weight) that the machine oil of being prepared contains pentaerythritol monooleate and the concentration that concentration is 0.18% (weight) 18-24Alkenyl-2, the 5-pyrrolidine-diones.Described base stock be that viscosity index is 99, the content of saturated compound is 99.5% (weight) and sulphur content at the base stock of the hydrotreatment of 0.02% (weight).Table 3
Greasy filth (mg) The variable quantity of copper (mg) The variable quantity of iron (mg) ?????TAN ??(mg/KOHg)
????12.5 ????0.5 ????0.75 ????0.425
The above results is represented 2 results' mean value.
Interpolation mixture of the present invention is effective especially in the mineral oil of hydrotreatment.Table 4 has confirmed the superior character of additive system of the present invention in the mineral oil of these hydrotreatments.Contain identical interpolation enriched material (TO4) in the following preparation oil plant.Solvent-refined mineral oil (SR-32 and SR-68) contains the TO4 of 0.82% (weight), and the mineral oil of hydrotreatment (HP-32, HP-68 and HP-100) contains the TO4 of 0.80% (weight).In according to the rotating missile formula oxidation test (RBOT) of ASTM D-2272 definition, the preparation oil plant is measured.RBOT is a kind of test of assessing the turbine oil oxidation stability.To be in one has tested oil plant, water and copper catalyst pipe in the cover glass container to place in the body that recoding pressure gauge is housed.In body, charge into oxygen and make pressure reach 620kPa, place it in 150 ℃ the constant temperature oil bath, axially be 30 ° angle with the rotating speed rotation of 100rpm and with horizontal direction.It is the oxidative stability of sample that gauge pressure reaches the required the number of minutes of specific drop.
In validity period turbine oil oxidation test (1iftimeTurbine Oil Oxidation Test) (validity period TOST), the preparation oil plant that contains solvent-refined base stock is measured according to ASTM D-943 definition.Validity period TOST can be used for assessing antirust steam turbine oil oxidation stability.In validity period TOST test, oil sample in the presence of water and iron/copper catalyzer, in 95 ℃ down and oxygen react.This test duration carries out, and reaches 2.0mgKOH/g until the oil plant total acid value of being surveyed.Hours required when oil plant reaches 2.0mgKOH/g is " an oxidation validity period ".This result in RBOT of base stock is 15-30 minute.Table 4
Base stock RBOT (minute) Validity period TOST (hour)
????SR-32 (602.5 2 times mean values) ??6188
????HP-32 1199 (3 times mean values)
????SR-68 (707.5 2 times mean values) ??6032
????HP-68 1292 (3 times mean values)
????HP-100 1253 (3 times mean values)
Can be clear that from table 4, compare with solvent-refined mineral oil, the turbine oil that makes from the mineral oil of hydrotreatment has excellent oxidative stability, this be because, the length of the RBOT of the turbine oil that makes from the mineral oil of hydrotreatment has prolonged (nearly 2 times).Be easy to find out that the validity period of turbine oil among validity period TOST that makes from solvent-refined mineral oil is in 250 days from table 4.Because this oil plant has very long trial period, so RBOT can be used as the instrument of judging validity period TOST result.At Mookken, people's such as R.T. determinative, lubrication engineering based on the steam turbine oil oxidation stability of Unctuous compositions, in October, 1997, point out in the 19-24 page or leaf that RBOT can be used as a kind of shaker test, with the indication of the TOST validity period that obtains hybrid turbine machine oil.This test shows, the direct proportional relation of ROBT and validity period TOST.Therefore, can be clear that the turbine oil that is made by the mineral oil of hydrotreatment shows excellent oxidative stability in validity period TOST detects, also have long especially RBOT validity period simultaneously from table 4.

Claims (17)

1. one kind is suitable as turbine oil or anti-rust and oxydation (R﹠amp; O) composition of oil plant, said composition contains the base stock of main amount and (A) at least a neutral rust-preventive agent, wherein said base stock have be higher than 80 viscosity index, greater than the saturated compound content of 90% (weight) and the sulphur content that is equal to or less than 0.5% (weight).
2. the described composition of claim 1, wherein the content of at least a neutral rust-preventive agent is about 0.10% to about 0.45% (weight).
3. claim 1 or 2 composition, wherein at least a neutral rust-preventive agent are R (COOR ') nHydrocarbyl carbonate, wherein R and R ' be independently of one another for to contain 1 alkyl or hydroxy alkylene to about 40 carbon atoms, and n is about 5 at the most.
4. the described composition of claim 3, wherein R and R ' are alkyl or the hydroxy alkylene that contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms independently of one another.
5. claim 1 or 2 described compositions, wherein at least a neutral rust-preventive agent is the asparagine acid diesters of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-heptadecyl tetrahydroglyoxaline.
6. each described composition during aforesaid right requires, wherein said base stock is natural oil, synthetic oil or its mixture.
7. each described composition during aforesaid right requires, said composition also contains at least a additive, and described additive is selected from sulfuration ester compound, phosphor-included additive, the additive that contains p and s, antioxidant, emulsion splitter and sanitas.
8. each described composition during aforesaid right requires, said composition is substantially devoid of acid rust-preventive agent.
9. aforesaid right requires each described composition, and said composition also contains the compound (B) of following formula: Wherein Z is a radicals R 1R 2CH-, wherein R 1And R 2Be the alkyl that contains 34 carbon atoms at the most independently of one another, R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms between 11 to 35.
10. the described composition of claim 9, the wherein R of compound (B) 1And R 2The total number of carbon atoms in the group is 18-24.
11. claim 9 or 10 described compositions, wherein compound (B) is 3-C 18-24Alkenyl-2, the 5-pyrrolidine-diones.
12. aforesaid right requires each described composition, said composition contains at least a neutral rust-preventive agent (A) of about 0.45% (weight) of the 0.10-that has an appointment, and the compound (B) of about 0.008-about 0.25% (weight).
13. an improvement turbine or anti-rust and oxydation (R﹠amp; The wet filtrable method of base stock O), described base stock have be higher than 80 viscosity index, greater than the saturated compound content of 90% (weight) and the sulphur content that is equal to or less than 0.5% (weight), this method comprises at least a neutral rust-preventive agent (A) is joined in the described base stock.
14. the described method of claim 13, this method also are included in the compound (B) that adds following formula in the base stock:
Figure A9911194600032
Wherein, Z is a radicals R 1R 2CH-, wherein R 1And R 2Independently of one another for containing the alkyl of 34 carbon atoms at the most, R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms between 11 to 35.
15. a raising turbine or anti-rust and oxydation (R﹠amp; The method of the stability to hydrolysis of base stock O), described base stock have be higher than 80 viscosity index, greater than the saturated compound content of 90% (weight) and the sulphur content that is equal to or less than 0.5% (weight), this method comprises that the compound (B) with at least a neutral rust-preventive agent (A) and following formula joins in the described base stock:
Figure A9911194600041
Wherein Z is a radicals R 1R 2CH-, wherein R 1And R 2Independently of one another for containing the alkyl of 1-34 carbon atom, R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms between 11 to 35.
16. a minimizing contains the turbine oil or the antirust and oxidation (R﹠amp of moisture and/or metal detergent; O) form greasy filth, precipitation and/or particulate method in the oil, described base stock have be higher than 80 viscosity index, greater than the saturated compound content of 90% (weight) and the sulphur content that is equal to or less than 0.5% (weight), this method is included in and adds at least a neutral rust-preventive agent in the described base stock.
17. the described method of claim 16, this method also comprises: the compound (B) that adds following formula in base stock: Wherein, Z is a radicals R 1R 2CH-, wherein R 1And R 2Independently of one another for containing the alkyl of 1-34 carbon atom, R 1And R 2In the total number of carbon atoms between 11 to 35.
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CN112639465A (en) * 2018-09-19 2021-04-09 三菱重工业株式会社 Method for determining sludge formation in oil

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