CN1241348C - Signal receiving and transmitting method and device based on intelligent antenna for CDMA system - Google Patents

Signal receiving and transmitting method and device based on intelligent antenna for CDMA system Download PDF

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CN1241348C
CN1241348C CN 02124285 CN02124285A CN1241348C CN 1241348 C CN1241348 C CN 1241348C CN 02124285 CN02124285 CN 02124285 CN 02124285 A CN02124285 A CN 02124285A CN 1241348 C CN1241348 C CN 1241348C
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signal
scrambler
smart antenna
user
subscriber
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CN1469567A (en
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吴涛
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a signal receiving and transmitting method and a device based on intelligent antennas in a CDMA system. The method comprises the steps: firstly, detecting whether an access request of a user signal exists or not; allocating a corresponding scrambling Cm to the user signal; utilizing the intelligent antennas to respectively obtain the spatial information of the corresponding user signal; then, converting the received spatial information of the user signal into the spatial transmitting expression of the user signal. The device comprises an antenna array, an intelligent antenna receiving unit, an access control unit, a criterion value calculation unit group, a scrambling allocation unit, a standard transmitting and controlling unit and an intelligent antenna transmitting unit. Because the new flexible scrambling allocation method is adopted, the capacity of cells is enhanced. Especially, because the method is irrelevant to users' spatial distribution, the problem that a large quantity of users or high-speed users in parts of regions influence the access of other users is solved.

Description

In a kind of cdma system based on the signal receiver, transmitting method and the device thereof of smart antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to cdma communication system, relate in particular in the cdma system signal receiver, transmitting method and device thereof based on smart antenna.
Technical background
The phenomenon that has the multipath transmission in mobile communication, promptly signal arrives receiver from the transmitter emission through too much transmission paths.There are different transmission delays, different decline and different phase places in every footpath, and its multipath reception signal mixes when arriving receiver can cause the multipath fading phenomenon.The general RAKE receiver technology that adopts is carried out time diversity and merging to the multipath interval greater than a chip in code division multiple access (CDMA) system, obtains better receptivity.The situation of multipath is a time orientation vertically among the figure as shown in Figure 1, and each peak value 101-106 represents time and the intensity that multipath occurs.
For the different spaces characteristic of further utilizing unlike signal improves systematic function, a lot of people have studied intelligent antenna technology, the array antenna technology of also challenging an opponent to a fight when two armies meet.Smart antenna adopts plural single antenna array element to form aerial array, the signal that each array element receives is weighted summation through after the radio frequency processing with proper weight, just can reach the effect of directional reception, a weighted vector correspondence certain beam pattern.The essence of weighting is a kind of space filtering, and smart antenna also can be thought a kind of space division multiple access (SDMA) technology.In the SDMA system, pass through the aerial array received signal, and carry out digital beam forming (DBF), make the signal to noise ratio maximum of desired signal by Digital Signal Processing.This is by the phase place of adjusting the signal that aerial array received and amplitude desired signal to be strengthened by the addition summation, and other interference signal obtains weakening realization by the addition summation.
General antenna system structure as shown in Figure 2, the output signal of each bay and the output of the smart antenna processing by the smart antenna method obtains the corresponding one group of weights of each bay; These group weights multiply by after the antenna output, each results added just can be obtained the output of antenna system.Wireless signal enters system by aerial array 20, and wherein aerial array 20 is made of a plurality of bay 201-203.The signal of antenna output passes through radio-frequency channel 210-213 separately respectively, is weighted summation at signal synthesis unit 22, inputs to later system behind the formation one-dimensional signal and handles.And the weights coefficient in the signal synthesis unit 22 is provided by smart antenna module 23.
Under existing conditions, in IS-95, WCDMA and cdma 2000 standards not to adopting the Compulsory Feature of smart antenna, must adopt the RAKE receiver technology in its general subscriber equipment (UE), to reach in the standard performance requirement to this system.And for the TD-SCDMA system, require in the standard to adopt intelligent antenna technology, because smart antenna itself just has good reception and emitting performance, so can select or not select to adopt RAKE receiver among the UE, if but adopt RAKE receiver, still can improve the performance of system.And no matter adopt which kind of standard, and all can adopt RAKE receiver at the NODE of base station side B, satisfy the performance index of standard to guarantee system.
The general transmitter techniques scheme based on smart antenna is: at first, the intelligent antenna weight value that adopts maximum power as a reference, the weights that obtain launching; Then, the signal with the needs emission multiply by emission value and obtains the signal that each bay need be launched; At last, launch by radio-frequency channel and antenna.This scheme has been utilized the space diversity effect of smart antenna, has significantly reduced influencing each other between the different user, has improved the performance index of system.
Generally in receiver, can adopt RAKE receiver to carry out time diversity, improve reception.But in above scheme of only launching,,, also just can't utilize the time diversity of RAKE receiver further to improve the performance of system so can't produce multipath transmisstion because smart antenna has good directive property based on single weights.RAKE receiver part at receiving terminal, only a useful signal of reality has been carried out computing (handling comprising despreading descrambling and integration summation), other calculation resources in the RAKE receiver are then by idle, and in some cases, these useless information also can produce useful information and disturb, and have reduced the performance of receiving terminal on the contrary.
In cdma system, scrambler is the outstanding feature of distinguishing cell.
At present, in the system that adopts omnidirectional antenna or directional antenna, sub-district is generally only adopted a scrambler or is adopted the mode of the identical scrambler in a plurality of overlay areas.But only adopt the method for a scrambler, reduced user's access amount, be unfavorable for the raising of power system capacity; And adopt the method for the identical scrambler in a plurality of overlay areas, then the interference between scrambler must be strengthened, and is unfavorable for the reception of UE.And realizing that this method needs higher transmitting power, system cost is higher.These two kinds of methods all can be in the power system capacity that reduces by a sub-district in varying degrees.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the situation that adopts general directional antenna scrambler to distribute.301,302,303 is three sub-districts among the figure, and 311,312 and 313 is the user in each sub-district, and 32 is the position of base station (Node B).Each cell coverage area is relatively large, and can not conversion.This situation is for existing a fairly large number of user in certain sub-district, and the less situation of other community users still may be refused user's access request.The capacity of whole system is subjected to the restriction of down channel sign indicating number number.
In the scheme that adopts antenna system, for the processing of downlink, the form that has generally adopted wave beam to switch.Concrete scrambler distributes, and adopts different beams to distribute the mode of different scrambling codes.This method is actually a kind of simple popularization of present antenna space diversity technique on smart antenna application.
Fig. 4 illustrates the situation that smart antenna multi-beam scrambler distributes.401,402,403,404,405 is five sub-districts among the figure, and 411,412 and 413 etc. is the user in each sub-district, and 42 is the position of base station (Node B).Owing to adopted intelligent antenna technology in the system, can segment the space more, produce the sub-district of littler wave beam angle of coverage, 405 among the figure.In the different time periods, can adopt different microzonation offshoot programs, adapt to different user distribution states.But this method can be brought following adverse effect.At first, user for motion, must carry out operating in soft handover more continually, can satisfy the requirement of littler wave beam, on the one hand, this method has increased the signaling burden of RNC and NODE B, on the other hand, can make this scheme final because the restriction of system interaction interface can't be segmented the sub-district more; Secondly, this method is subjected to the restriction of channel code, exists the situation of a large number of users or some high rate user powerless for certain regional centralized.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to propose in a kind of cdma system can to increase the access customer number amount of allowing of sub-district based on the signal receiver, transmitting method and the device thereof of smart antenna, reduces the signaling burden of RNC and NODE B, the hardware and software cost of reduction system realization.
Based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that being provided with the judgment criterion value and be worth pairing scrambler in a kind of cdma system with judgment criterion, when subscriber signal inserts request,
According to the accessed user's corresponding with scrambler number, and the user profile of accessed user's signal of scrambler correspondence is calculated the judgment criterion value corresponding to this scrambler; Obtain all judgment criterion values corresponding, in all judgment criterion values, select the scrambler of minimum judgment criterion value correspondence to distribute to the user that request inserts, thereby finish the access of subscriber signal, and then finish reception and the emission that inserts subscriber signal with scrambler.
The user profile of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler comprises: with user's weights of the corresponding accessed user's signal of scrambler, the signal to noise ratio of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler, the spreading factor of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler.
Signal receiver, transmitting method based on smart antenna in the described cdma system may further comprise the steps:
A, detect and whether to have subscriber signal to insert request,, otherwise repeat this step if having then enter step b;
B, n judgment criterion value J is set i, corresponding n scrambler C i, wherein n is the number of the scrambler that possible distribute, i is an integer between 1 to n, then according to judgment criterion value J iSize, select wherein minimum judgment criterion value J m, corresponding scrambler C mDistribute to this subscriber signal;
C, utilize smart antenna to obtain the spatial information of respective user signal respectively;
D, the emission space that the reception spatial information of subscriber signal is converted into subscriber signal are represented;
E, judge whether the access of subscriber signal finishes,, otherwise return step c if then return step a.
Judgment criterion value J described in the step b iObtain by following formula:
J i = ∑ j = 1 n i λ ij SIR ij SF ij
N wherein iNumber for the subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; λ IjBe user's weights of j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler, SIR IjSignal-to-jamming ratio for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; SF IjSpreading factor for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler.
The spatial information of the subscriber signal described in the step c fixed beam system and arrival direction angle (Direction Of Arrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the arrival angle of subscriber signal; In the adaptive smart antenna system, be meant a weight vector.
The emission space of the subscriber signal described in the steps d be illustrated in fixed beam system and arrival direction angle (Direction OfArrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the emission angle of subscriber signal; Be meant a weight vector in the adaptive smart antenna system, described weights are consistent with the reception weights in time division duplex (TDD) system, then need necessarily to change in Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) system.
Based on the signal receiving and transmitting unit of smart antenna, comprise aerial array, smart antenna receiving element, access control unit and smart antenna transmitter unit in a kind of cdma system, wherein aerial array receives wireless signal and exports to the smart antenna receiving element; The smart antenna receiving element is followed the tracks of receiving subscriber data, and data are exported to the access control unit, and user perspective information is exported to the smart antenna transmitter unit; The access request of access control unit judges subscriber signal is also exported to criterion value computing unit group; The smart antenna transmitter unit is finished user data transmission and is exported to aerial array;
It is characterized in that also comprising: criterion value computing unit group, scrambler allocation units and standard emission control unit, after the judged result to subscriber signal access request of described criterion value computing unit group of received by the input of access control unit, according to the accessed user's corresponding with scrambler number, and the user profile of the accessed user signal corresponding with the shape sign indicating number is calculated the judgment criterion value corresponding to this scrambler; Obtain and pairing all the judgment criterion values of scrambler, in all judgment criterion values, select minimum judgment criterion to be worth pairing scrambler and export to just sign indicating number allocation units; The scrambler of scrambler allocation units distributing user signal is also exported to the standard emission control unit; The standard emission control unit synthesizes scrambling code information and other data-signals and transmits and export to the smart antenna transmitter unit.
Described aerial array comprises array element and the radio-frequency channel that is no less than 2.
Described criterion value computing unit group comprises the independent criteria value computing unit that is no less than 2.
Adopt the present invention, can utilize the space diversity characteristic of smart antenna, overcome the less problem of power system capacity of present employing omnidirectional antenna or directional antenna, increased the access customer number amount of allowing of sub-district; Can utilize the follow-up control of antenna system, overcome the needs that the method for a scrambler of the previous beam allocation of order brings and frequently carry out switching problem, reduce RNC and bear with the signaling of NODE B; Can utilize the scrambling method of joining of flexible dispatching, further increase the access customer number amount of allowing of sub-district; Can obtain a simple and effective system realization scheme, the hardware and software cost that the reduction system realizes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of signal through the multipath transmission;
Fig. 2 is existing antenna system structure chart;
Fig. 3 is that the directional antenna scrambler distributes schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that smart antenna multi-beam scrambler distributes schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a structure drawing of device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the scrambler overlay area schematic diagram that the present invention distributes;
Fig. 7 is a plurality of scramblers overlay area schematic diagram that the present invention distributes;
Fig. 8 is a method flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
The present invention on the basis of intelligent antenna receiver, scrambling code distribution method when having proposed the cdma system based on smart antenna, it is J that judgment criterion is set, the scrambler C that correspondence may be distributed 1, C 2..., C nThe judgment criterion value of (n is the number of the scrambler that possible distribute) is respectively J 1, J 2..., J n, judgment criterion value J wherein iObtain by following formula:
J i = ∑ j = 1 n i λ ij SIR ij SF ij
N wherein iNumber for the subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; λ IjBe user's weights of j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler, SIR IjSignal-to-jamming ratio for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; SF IjSpreading factor for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler.
As Fig. 5, shown in Figure 8, the aerial array 50 that comprises the array element that is no less than 2 and radio-frequency channel receives wireless signals and exports to smart antenna receiving element 51, smart antenna receiving element 51 is followed the tracks of receiving subscriber data, and data are exported to access control unit 52, user perspective information is exported to smart antenna transmitter unit 56, access control unit 52 judges whether the access request of subscriber signal, do not judge if continue, if have then export to criterion value computing unit group 53, this criterion value computing unit group is by several independent criteria value computing unit 531,532,533 form.
Criterion value computing unit group 53 is calculated the corresponding criterion value of each scrambler and is exported to scrambler allocation units 54; The scrambler of scrambler allocation units 54 distributing user signals number is also exported to standard emission control unit 55, and standard emission control unit 55 synthesizes scrambling code information and other data-signals and transmits and export to smart antenna transmitter unit 56; Smart antenna transmitter unit 56 is finished user data transmission and is exported to aerial array 50.
Wherein the spatial information of subscriber signal fixed beam system and arrival direction angle (DirectionOf Arrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the arrival angle of subscriber signal; In the adaptive smart antenna system, be meant a weight vector.
Wherein the emission space of subscriber signal be illustrated in fixed beam system and arrival direction angle (Direction Of Arrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the emission angle of subscriber signal; Be meant a weight vector in the adaptive smart antenna system, described weights are consistent with the reception weights in time division duplex (TDD) system, then need necessarily to change in Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) system.
Owing to adopt new scrambling code distribution method flexibly, improved the capacity of sub-district.Particularly, because this method and user's spatial distribution is irrelevant, having solved subregion a large number of users or highspeed user influences the problem that other users insert.
Fig. 6 has illustrated the scrambler overlay area that this clearly demarcated method is distributed.6111,6112,6113 etc. is the user position among the figure, and 62 is the position of base station (Node B).Because algorithm of the present invention is a spatial information of not distinguishing the user, so may be split into some independent parts 6011,6012,6013 for the sub-district 601 of a scrambler.Each distinct area is after the user asks to insert and is allowed to, and is formed automatically by antenna system.When the user was moved, its corresponding region can be followed moving of user and be changed.In case the user stops to launch data, then its corresponding region also can disappear.Dispose scrambler and user corresponding region so flexibly, avoided the soft switching process of user in the coverage of this base station (Node B), reduced the signaling consumption between Node B and the RNC.In addition, for a zone, the energy about corresponding scrambler in it reduces relatively, and has stronger directionality, can reduce the interference to other users (with scrambler and different scrambling codes) to the full extent.
Fig. 7 illustrates a plurality of scramblers overlay area that this clearly demarcated method is distributed.7111-7113 and 7114 etc. is the user position of a corresponding scrambler among the figure, and 7121-7124 and 7125 etc. be the user position of a scrambler of correspondence, and 72 is the position of base station (Node B).Sub-district 701 for a scrambler may be split into some independent parts 7011-7013,7014.Sub-district 702 for another scrambler may be split into some independent parts 7021-7024,7025.The user 7114 of two different scrambling codes correspondences and 7125 has produced repetition among the figure on the space angle position, has caused the repetition in zone 7014 and 7025.On this zone, two different scramblers of physical presence cover.But, because the orthogonal property of scrambler is owing to the orthogonal property of channel code, so even in this case, the phase mutual interference between the user also utilizes the method for channel code difference subscriber channel less than adopting same scrambler.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.

Claims (12)

  1. In the cdma system based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that being provided with the judgment criterion value and be worth pairing scrambler with judgment criterion, when signal inserts request,
    According to the accessed user's corresponding with scrambler number, and the user profile of accessed user's signal of scrambler correspondence is calculated the judgment criterion value corresponding to this scrambler; Obtain all judgment criterion values corresponding, in all judgment criterion values, select the scrambler of minimum judgment criterion value correspondence to distribute to the user that request inserts, thereby finish the access of subscriber signal, and then finish reception and the emission that inserts subscriber signal with scrambler.
  2. 2. in the cdma system as claimed in claim 1 based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that, the user profile of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler comprises: with user's weights of the corresponding accessed user's signal of scrambler, the signal to noise ratio of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler, the spreading factor of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler.
  3. 3, in the cdma system as claimed in claim 1 based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
    A, detect and whether to have subscriber signal to insert request,, otherwise repeat this step if having then enter step b;
    B, n judgment criterion value J is set i, corresponding n scrambler C i, wherein n is the number of the scrambler that possible distribute, i is an integer between 1 to n, then according to judgment criterion value J iSize, select wherein minimum judgment criterion value J m, corresponding scrambler C mDistribute to this subscriber signal;
    C, utilize smart antenna to obtain the spatial information of respective user signal respectively;
    D, the emission space that the reception spatial information of subscriber signal is converted into subscriber signal are represented;
    E, judge whether the access of subscriber signal finishes,, otherwise return step c if then return step a.
  4. 4, in the cdma system as claimed in claim 3 based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: the judgment criterion value J described in the step b iObtain by following formula:
    J i = Σ j = 1 n i λ ij SIR ij SF ij
    N wherein iNumber for the subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; λ IjBe user's weights of j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler, SIR IjSignal-to-jamming ratio for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler; SF IjSpreading factor for j subscriber signal of corresponding i scrambler.
  5. 5, as in claim 3 or the 4 described cdma systems based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: (Direction Of Arrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the arrival angle of subscriber signal to the spatial information of the subscriber signal described in the step c in fixed beam system and arrival direction angle.
  6. 6, as in claim 3 or the 4 described cdma systems based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: the spatial information of the subscriber signal described in the step c is meant a weight vector in the adaptive smart antenna system.
  7. 7, as in claim 3 or the 4 described cdma systems based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: the emission space of the subscriber signal described in the steps d is illustrated in fixed beam system and arrival direction angle, and (Direction Of Arrived, DOA) antenna system is meant the emission angle of subscriber signal.
  8. 8, as in claim 3 or the 4 described cdma systems based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: the emission space of the subscriber signal described in the steps d is illustrated in and is meant a weight vector in the adaptive smart antenna system.
  9. 9, in the cdma system as claimed in claim 8 based on the signal receiver, transmitting method of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: described weights in time division duplex (TDD) system with to receive weights consistent.
  10. 10, in a kind of cdma system based on the signal receiving and transmitting unit of smart antenna, comprise aerial array, smart antenna receiving element, access control unit and smart antenna transmitter unit, wherein aerial array receives wireless signal and exports to the smart antenna receiving element; The smart antenna receiving element is followed the tracks of receiving subscriber data, and data are exported to the access control unit, and user perspective information is exported to the smart antenna transmitter unit; The access request of access control unit judges subscriber signal is also exported to criterion value computing unit group; The smart antenna transmitter unit is finished user data transmission and is exported to aerial array;
    It is characterized in that also comprising: criterion value computing unit group, scrambler allocation units and standard emission control unit, after the judged result to subscriber signal access request of described criterion value computing unit group of received by the input of access control unit, number according to the accessed user corresponding with scrambler, and the user profile of the accessed user signal corresponding with scrambler is calculated the judgment criterion value corresponding to this scrambler, obtain and pairing all the judgment criterion values of scrambler, in all judgment criterion values, select minimum judgment criterion to be worth pairing scrambler and export to the scrambler allocation units; The scrambler of scrambler allocation units distributing user signal is also exported to the standard emission control unit; The standard emission control unit synthesizes scrambling code information and other data-signals and transmits and export to the smart antenna transmitter unit.
  11. 11, in the cdma system as claimed in claim 10 based on the signal receiving and transmitting unit of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: described aerial array comprises array element and the radio-frequency channel that is no less than 2.
  12. 12, in the cdma system as claimed in claim 11 based on the signal receiving and transmitting unit of smart antenna, it is characterized in that: described criterion value computing unit group comprises the independent criteria value computing unit that is no less than 2.
CN 02124285 2002-07-15 2002-07-15 Signal receiving and transmitting method and device based on intelligent antenna for CDMA system Expired - Fee Related CN1241348C (en)

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CN 02124285 CN1241348C (en) 2002-07-15 2002-07-15 Signal receiving and transmitting method and device based on intelligent antenna for CDMA system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 02124285 CN1241348C (en) 2002-07-15 2002-07-15 Signal receiving and transmitting method and device based on intelligent antenna for CDMA system

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CN1469567A CN1469567A (en) 2004-01-21
CN1241348C true CN1241348C (en) 2006-02-08

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