CN1241345C - Channelizing code resource dynamic optimization distribution method of wideband CDMA system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a channelizing code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in a broadband code division multiple access system. The present invention comprises that: step 1, a matched spread spectrum factor is obtained as an input parameter; step 2, whether a code tree layer corresponding to the spread spectrum factor has distributable code resources or not is judged, if false, the step 6 is executed; step 3, the optimization distribution of the code resource is carried out through a pseudo-metric distribution method, and a distribution code word number is returned; step 4, whether the returned number belong to the number of the code resource of the code tree layer corresponding to the spreading factor is judged, if false, the step 7 is executed; step 5, an order of successful distribution is returned, and the distribution is finished; step 6, an order of the completion of the distribution of the code resource is returned, and the distribution is finished; step 7, an order of incapable distribution caused by net break is returned, and the distribution is finished. The method solves the problems of the distribution of the orthogonal channelizing code resource in any case, and can also guarantee the compactness of orthogonal channelizing codes. Compared with the orthogonal channelizing code distribution method on the basis of a cost function method, the present invention has the advantages of simple realization and little calculation amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of mobile communication, particularly a kind of about Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (WCDMA) mobile telecommunication system down link orthogonal channel method for dynamic allotting code respurces.
Background technology
Mobile communication has experienced the development of the cdma communication technology of the digital mobile communication (GSM) of first generation simulation mobile communication, the second generation and arrowband, and the third generation that has now developed into applicable broadband code division multiple access (WCDMA) technology moves traffic system.The WCDMA communication system is the working method that adopts sign indicating number to divide, after the physical channel framing, need carry out the operation of spread spectrum and scrambler, spread spectrum multiplies each other with a high-speed figure sequence and digital signal exactly, data symbol is converted to a series of chips, improves the speed of numerical chracter, increase signal bandwidth, being used for the Serial No. symbol of translation data is called the orthogonal channel sign indicating number, and the number of chips that each symbol is converted into is called spreading factor; Scrambler operation be exactly with a pseudo-random code sequence and spreading code multiply each other, signal is encrypted, this pseudo-random code sequence just is called scrambler; In WCDMA mobile communication system, the orthogonal channel sign indicating number is a precious resources, its quantity is very limited, make mobile communication system can insert as much as possible user, can transmit a plurality of high-rate services again, few code word that masks on the corresponding code tree of little spreading factor just needs to consider to try one's best when distributing the orthogonal channel sign indicating number of low rate traffic.That is to say, must consider sign indicating number reasonable resources use problem, so that distribute the blocking rate minimum that causes code tree after yard resource, and the blocking rate of code tree size is closely related with the service blocking rate of system, so optimized distribution sign indicating number resource method is very significant for capacity that increases system or the blocking rate that reduces system.And, when the orthogonal channel sign indicating number not enough and when having to, then can bring very big interference to the sub-district with many yards (when orthogonal channelization was not enough, then many down physical channels adopted an orthogonal channel sign indicating number, and distinguished physical channel with scrambler) transmission.Therefore, the dynamic optimization of orthogonal channel sign indicating number distributes also has important effect for improving link performance.
Fast development along with mobile communication technology, existing many scholars further investigate the many new technologies of mobile communication, yet the research for orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource allocation problem in the broadband CDMA system almost still is blank out, " Liu Z, Zarki M E.SIR-based call admission contol forDS-CDMA cellular systems[J] .IEEE J SAC, 1994,12 (4): 638～644 " the calling access problem of mentioning has the character of channel allocation problem, but only be at arrowband direct sequence spread spectrum cellular system, do not have the meaning in the application." XI AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY Subject Index " (vol.35, No.6, Jun.2001.pp581～585, Cheng Jiang, Zhu Shihua, Dang Anhong) " in the broadband CDMA system allocation strategy of orthogonal code research " delivered propose a kind of allocation strategy about orthogonal channel sign indicating number in the broadband CDMA system, and its allocation strategy is based on following cost function:
Judge the distribution cost of idle code word according to formula (1), and select the code assignment of cost function value minimum to give the calling party.Regulation A in the formula (1)
1, A
2, A
3Be constant, but how determine that for the value of constant this article does not provide, yet the size of this value is vital in the calculation cost functional value.And first of the right is to calculate the interference cost that the characteristic of not considering the orthogonal channel sign indicating number owing to Random assignment causes intersymbol interference in the formula (1), and its target function is:
Second on the right is the business demand cost function in the formula (1), and the 3rd on the right is the distribution cost function that compacts; Can find out from above-mentioned analysis and formula, the calculating of this cost function not only needs to determine N subclass, also to carry out double summation operation, establish a capital the judgement that also need carry out repeatedly really as for all parameters in formula (1) and the formula (2), so the computation complexity of cost function be very high.Orthogonal channel sign indicating number allocation strategy based on the cost function method is all need carry out the calculating of cost function for any one idle code word, and all be the formula that utilizes a more complicated for the calculating of each its target function of cost, the amount of calculation that this has obviously increased the system assignment code word has promptly increased the expense of system; Simultaneously, relate to three constant A 1, A2 based on the cost function method, A3 determines, should decide also not clearly with what standard, has also brought difficulty to calculating this cost function like this, make the method implement also relatively difficulty, the influence of also bringing some subjective factors for the method simultaneously.From the practical application angle, this technology is a kind of research of theoretical property, can not obtain practical application widely.
The a patent No. is 6,108,369 United States Patent (USP) (Augest.2000 " Channelization codeallocation for radio communication systems "), be primarily aimed at CDMA mobile communication system, a kind of I that adopts in spectrum spreading method has been proposed, how the multiplexing and many yards transmission of Q the time distribute the channel code of control and data physical channel, and the channelization code allocation method of assurance channel code quadrature each other, because the emphasis of this patent is the orthogonality at the channel code that guarantees control and data physical channel, and do not relate to the problem of orthogonal channel sign indicating number allocation strategy and optimization, thereby therefore may block and cause reducing of power system capacity because of insert the time-code resource the user.Another part patent No. is 6,163,524 United States Patent (USP) (December.2000, " Code allocation in CDMA "), the assignment problem that is primarily aimed at spread spectrum communication system spread-spectrum orthogonal sign indicating number proposes, its principle is: at first find the code word of assignable high bandwidth from code tree, then according to the bandwidth of practical business on the subcode tree of this code word toward the coupling of next stage one-level, be fit to this professional code word until choosing one.As can be seen also not ideal enough aspect the compactness of code assignment, this will inevitably cause the waste of sign indicating number resource, the final capacity that has also influenced system when the assigned code resource from the method.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome in the prior art, based on cost function method computation complexity height, parameter uncertainty and can not obtain broad practice, and shortcoming theoretical and that practical application disconnects mutually.A kind of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication system down link orthogonal channel sign indicating number dynamic optimization distribution method is proposed, according to the actual state of existing sign indicating number resource the channel code of new admission service is carried out real-time dynamic optimization and distribute, so that the sign indicating number resource situation of system obtains optimum.
At first following notion is done a definition:
Definition 1: but allocation set: spreading factor (Spreading Factor, SF) set that assignable node constitutes on the Dui Ying code tree layer abbreviates A={a1 as, a2 ..., am} sees accompanying drawing 2.
Definition 2: can not allocation set: the set that indistributable node constitutes on the corresponding code tree layer of spreading factor (SF), abbreviate B={b1 as, b2 ..., bn}, and m+n=SF/2.See accompanying drawing 2.
Definition 3: path distance matrix: but the element a in the allocation set
iWith can not distribute concentrated element b
jPath distance on code tree is defined as d
IjSee accompanying drawing 2, the path distance collection that constitutes by the element of A and two set of B, that is:
Definition 4: pseudo-metric: but weigh allocation set and can not allocation set between path length.
Channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in the broadband CDMA system that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:
The first step: the service rate according to user in the WCDMA communication system is transmitted obtains the expansion of coupling
The frequency factor (SF), and as input parameter;
Second step: judge whether assignable sign indicating number resource is arranged on the pairing code tree layer of this spreading factor (SF);
If do not have assignable sign indicating number resource, then carried out for the 6th step; Otherwise showing has assignable sign indicating number resource, continues to carry out the 3rd step;
The 3rd step: carry out the optimized distribution of yard resource by the pseudo-metric distribution method, return the distribution codeword numbering;
The 4th step: judge whether the numbering of returning is the codeword number that is allocated successfully; If not, then carried out for the 7th step;
The 5th step: return the order (the orthogonal channel sign indicating number label that comprises distribution) that is allocated successfully, finish;
The 6th step: the order that the return code resource has been assigned with, finish;
The 7th step: return owing to score a goal (when the user finishes to communicate by letter, the code resource management module will discharge the sign indicating number resource that this user uses, but because the user finishes communication process is at random, therefore cause the sign indicating number occupation condition of orthogonal channel code tree to become does not compact very much, just so-called scoring a goal) cause the order that can not distribute, finish.
Pseudo-metric distribution method described in the 3rd step further may further comprise the steps:
The 1st step: the spreading factor according to input judges whether the pairing code tree layer of this spreading factor has single situation about being assigned with, and then carries out for the 7th step if having; If do not have, then carried out for the 2nd step;
The 2nd step: but according to allocation set and composition rule that can not allocation set: but all unappropriated left siblings of two branches number adding allocation set, the left node numbers that two branches have all been distributed add can not allocation set, but on the code tree layer of this spreading factor correspondence, obtain allocation set A and can not allocation set B respectively, the element correspondence in each set be orthogonal channel sign indicating number corresponding node number on code tree.
The 3rd step: but calculate allocation set A and can not allocation set B between path distance;
The 4th step: determine the minimal path distance in the path distance matrix;
The 5th the step: but find with minimal path apart from the element in the corresponding allocation set;
The 6th step: distribution state and the weights of revising relevant father node of distribution node and child node with all;
The 7th step: return the orthogonal channel sign indicating number label of distribution, finish.
Owing to carry out the orthogonal channel sign indicating number at down direction and divide timing, at first will distribute the orthogonal channel sign indicating number of common channel, and the code word of public orthogonal channel sign indicating number is fixed, only need directly to distribute to get final product.Therefore for whole code table, there is not the situation that all code words all are not assigned with on the corresponding at the beginning spreading factor layer.
The dynamic optimization that the present invention proposes distributes the orthogonal channel code method, owing to just considered the characteristics of orthogonal channel code book body in minute timing: after code word is assigned with, will block to fall all low speed spreading codes on its subtree and its high speed spreading code to the root path, mask based on the interference cost of being mentioned in the cost function method and the calculating of professional cost function so utilize to block, when reality realizes, be easy to realize.According to the method, can solve the assignment problem of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource in any case, and can also guarantee the compactness of orthogonal channel sign indicating number.Can find out according to the argumentation of technical scheme and the realization of embodiment, but this method be seek allocation set with can not allocation set between shortest path, its purpose is exactly the whole code table blocking rate minimum that guarantees that distribution orthogonal channel sign indicating number causes, also is the cost minimum; And the pseudo-metric method need not go to determine unknown, relevant with system parameter, makes that the method can be owing to subjective reason produces any deviation.Therefore, with respect to the orthogonal channel code distributing method based on the cost function method, this method not only realizes simply, amount of calculation is little, and has realized any allocation situation of current code table is carried out the optimized distribution of orthogonal channel sign indicating number.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is orthogonal channel code tree structure figure.
Fig. 2 is the defined declaration figure to pseudo-metric.
Fig. 3 is the method overview flow chart of dynamic assignment orthogonal channel sign indicating number of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the pseudo-metric distribution method flow chart described in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an instance graph of optimized distribution orthogonal channel sign indicating number of the present invention.
Embodiment
In WCDMA, line direction adopts the orthogonal channel sign indicating number, distinguishes physical channel, and up direction adopts scrambler to distinguish the user.Yet because a sub-district has only an orthogonal channel code table (structure of orthogonal channel code tree as shown in Figure 1), spreading factor is more little, and the number of orthogonal channel sign indicating number is just few more; Code word is the high speed spreading code on the code tree of little spreading factor correspondence, and code word is the low speed spreading code on the code tree of big spreading factor correspondence.And the orthogonal channel sign indicating number has following characteristics: (1) code word that any node code word on node code word and its subtree all is not assigned with of only likeing father, like son just can be assigned with; (2) after code word is assigned with, will block to fall all low speed spreading codes on its subtree and its high speed spreading code to the root path; Can find out that from its structure chart and characteristics its orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource is very limited, therefore need adopt the optimized distribution strategy to the distribution of quadrature channelization code resource, cause power system capacity to reduce thereby avoid causing a plurality of high speed spreading codes to get clogged as far as possible by sign indicating number resource allocation unreasonable.The distribution of WCDMA mobile communication system down direction orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource is exactly to insert or professional service quality (Quality of Service-QoS) when changing the user, according to user's the existing sign indicating number of requirement and system resource, distribute a suitable sign indicating number to the user.The purpose of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource allocation is to make system support user as much as possible under the low complex degree condition.
Fig. 1 has illustrated the orthogonal channel code tree structure, and Fig. 2 has illustrated the definition of pseudo-metric.According to the generation characteristics of orthogonal channel sign indicating number, can constitute a complete binary tree to all orthogonal channel sign indicating numbers of the down link of sub-district.For down direction, whole code tree has 8 layers, corresponding spreading factor SF={4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512}.The node sum of the correspondence on every layer equals the size of spreading factor.Each code word of at first establishing on the code tree has two attributes: distribution state (Flag: can be made as 3 values represent respectively distribute, subcode tree state unallocated, that reserve for DSCH Downlink Shared Channel) and weight (Weight), Flag=is unallocated for its initial value, Weight=0.The maximum weights of node on the corresponding SF layer are MaxWeight={128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1} is if node is assigned with, then make the Flag=of this node distribute Weight=MaxWeight[i], revise the weights of corresponding father node and child node then, distribution state need not be revised.The weights of father node only need add up its corresponding two child nodes weights just can, the weights of all the low speed child nodes under this node all are made as the maximum weights on the respective layer.
Concerning a mobile communication system, the distribution of its orthogonal channel sign indicating number and release are at random.Suppose at first that existing orthogonal channel code tree has been distributed and the code word that takies as shown in Figure 5.Need to prove that Fig. 5 is just in order to illustrate that dynamic optimization distributes the application of orthogonal channel sign indicating number, the part of the code tree of only having drawn.And dynamic optimization distributes the effect of orthogonal channel sign indicating number at whole code tree.This example is described the specific implementation step based on the dynamic optimization assigned code resource of pseudo-metric method just at technical scheme.
In Fig. 5, wherein 8,9,20, No. 21 nodes are the nodes that have been assigned with, and No. 4 and No. 5 nodes are because its father node is assigned with and indirect occupied node.The hypothesis spreading factor is 32 business application orthogonal channel sign indicating number now.
At Fig. 5, and with reference to Fig. 1 described orthogonalization channel code tree and the described pseudo-metric of Fig. 2, simultaneously according to Fig. 3 and the described method of Fig. 4, as can be seen, dynamic optimization of the present invention distributes the specific implementation step of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource as follows:
(1) but at first judge spreading factor be 32 the layer on whether the assigned code resource is arranged; Determination methods: regardless of the allocation situation of code table, every layer of weights summation that goes up each node all equates, therefore when having judged whether assignable yard resource, only need add up node on the minimal frequency spreading factor layer weights and, and then add and maximum weights of the SF layer that will distribute obtain judging score value, if judge the summation of score value greater than the maximum weights of individual layer, then show the sign indicating number resource that this moment, code table not was not complementary with business, the order that the return code resource has been assigned with; Otherwise showing has assignable sign indicating number resource, continues to carry out (2) step;
(2) but but be the set A that obtains distribution codeword on this layer on 32 the layer according to the structure rule of allocation set at spreading factor corresponding on the code tree.In this example, obtain A=[0,2,6,10,12,14,16,18,22,24,26,28,30].
(3) spreading factor corresponding on the code tree be on 32 the layer according to composition rule that can not allocation set obtain can not distribution codeword set B.In this example, obtain B=[4,8,20].(4) but calculate each element in the allocation set and can not distribute the shortest path length on binary tree between each concentrated element, but the calculating of its path only need be found element and the common father node that can not distribute concentrated element (comprising that grandfather's node reaches more grandfather's node on upper strata) in the allocation set, then one of them element be multiply by 2 to the distance of this father node, just obtain the path distance length d between two elements
Ij
(5) just can obtain the path distance matrix D by the 3rd step:
(6) minimum value in the judgement path distance matrix.Be d in this example
31, d
42, d
93
(7) but to find corresponding array label then in allocation set be 3,4,9 element, but the distribution codeword that can be optimized thus is 6,10,22 in the allocation set.The blocking rate that this explanation three causes code tree is identical, also wants to coincide with the analysis of reality.If current need be distributed a code word, only need in the middle of this three, to appoint one of distribution to get final product; If current need distribute a plurality of code words simultaneously, then only need in the path distance matrix, to find the node number i (each node number is represented two code word i and i+1) of shortest path correspondence, take out the number of actual needs code word then, if the number that the node number number of shortest path correspondence needs inadequately, then in inferior shortest path, get again, by that analogy, up to getting required code word number;
(8) revise distribution node to the root path all father nodes and the weights of all child nodes on its subtree, and the distribution state of revising distribution node;
(9) return the order (the code word label that contains distribution) that is allocated successfully.
In actual applications, the distribution module of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource is in the RRM part of radio network controller (RNC:Radio Network Control).The distribution of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource directly influences the reasonable use of Radio Resource, and whether admit control time-code resource limited at down link be a very important judgment condition of admitting.Therefore the distribution of orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource also directly has influence on the amount of capacity of down link.The distribution method of an orthogonal channel sign indicating number resource is directly to seek an idle code word at the SF layer that will distribute, and distributes one that finds at first, do not consider to guarantee the problem of code table blocking rate minimum, so the capacity of system is also smaller.And, do not use weights to characterize the attribute of its obstruction for node number yet, just on the root path father node of distribution node, write down the occupied number of low speed spreading code with counter, judge residing state according to the size of the value of each node counts device then, just because of can not be directly coming distribution codeword according to the state of counter, therefore the state of each node all must be stored in the database, the all necessary corresponding orthogonal channel code table in each sub-district, during each assigned code resource, all in the table of database correspondence, table look-up.And can hang a lot of sub-districts under RNC, and if the hard-disc storage space that not only takies with such distribution method assigned code resource is very big, and tables look-up at every turn and need travel through whole table, time complexity is also bigger.And adopt dynamic optimization assigned code resource method of the present invention, only be required to be open a memory code burl period in each sub-district array just can, and need not store in the database, thereby save a large amount of hard-disc storage spaces; Because each node characterizes with distribution state and two attributes of weights, and the label that makes full use of the child node of complete binary tree and father node concerns that characteristics come distribution codeword, travels through whole array and do not spend, so reduced time complexity; In addition, the present invention has utilized the pseudo-metric method to guarantee the compactness of distribution codeword, reduces to distribute the code word the fallen blocking rate to the high speed spreading code, has improved the capacity of WCDMA communicating system descending link.
Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, have the realization of being easy to, computation complexity is low, is The little characteristics of system expense are convenient to use in the system development of reality, have reached the theory and practice application and have combined Effect, and improved the efficient that in WCDMA mobile communication system orthogonal channel code distributes. From the capacity angle of WCDMA mobile telecommunication system down link, its capacity is to be subject to the base station Big general power and orthogonal channel code resource, the method that therefore adopts the present invention to propose is carried out actual realization, can Improve the capacity of WCDMA mobile communication system, this is for the reality of WCDMA mobile communication system The border exploitation has very important significance.
Claims (5)
1, channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in a kind of broadband CDMA system may further comprise the steps:
The first step: according to the service rate that the user is transmitted, obtain the spreading factor of coupling, and as input parameter;
Second step: judge whether assignable sign indicating number resource is arranged on the pairing code tree layer of this spreading factor; If do not have assignable sign indicating number resource, then carried out for the 6th step;
The 3rd step: the optimized distribution of carrying out yard resource by the pseudo-metric distribution method, promptly judge according to the spreading factor of input whether the pairing code tree layer of this spreading factor has single situation about being assigned with, if the orthogonal channel sign indicating number label of the distribution returned is arranged, but if do not have then according to allocation set and composition rule that can not allocation set, but on the code tree layer of this spreading factor correspondence, obtain allocation set and can not allocation set respectively, element correspondence in each set be orthogonal channel sign indicating number corresponding node number on code tree, but calculate allocation set and can not allocation set between path distance, determine the minimal path distance in the path distance matrix, but find with minimal path apart from the element in the corresponding allocation set, revise the distribution state and the weights of relevant father node of distribution node and child node, return the orthogonal channel sign indicating number label of distribution with all;
The 4th step: judge whether the numbering of returning is the codeword number that is allocated successfully; If not, then carried out for the 7th step;
The 5th step: return the order that is allocated successfully, finish;
The 6th step: the order that the return code resource has been assigned with, finish;
The 7th step: return owing to score a goal and cause the order that can not distribute, finish.
2, channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in the broadband CDMA system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, but allocation set and composition rule that can not allocation set are: but all unappropriated left siblings of two branches number are added allocation set, can not allocation set number adding of two the left siblings that all distributed.
3, channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in the broadband CDMA system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, the method of calculating path distance is: but find in the allocation set element with can not distribute the common father node of concentrated element, then one of them element be multiply by 2 to the distance of this father node.
4, channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in the broadband CDMA system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: return the orthogonal channel sign indicating number label that comprises distribution in the order that is allocated successfully in described the 5th step.
5, channelization code resource dynamic optimization distribution method in the broadband CDMA system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described second step, judge whether that assignable sign indicating number resource method is: on the minimal frequency spreading factor layer that adds up the weights of node and, and then add maximum weights of the spreading factor layer that will distribute, obtain judging score value, if judge the summation of score value greater than the maximum weights of individual layer, then show the sign indicating number resource that this moment, code table not was not complementary with business, the order that the return code resource has been assigned with; Otherwise show assignable sign indicating number resource is arranged.
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| CN100534021C (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2009-08-26 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Distribution method for channelizing code of CDMA system |
| CN100373839C (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-03-05 | 北京北方烽火科技有限公司 | Method of downstream spread spectrum code assignment executed by WCDMA system wireless network controller |
| CN1863021B (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2010-04-28 | 上海原动力通信科技有限公司 | Code channel allocating method and multi-user detecting method in wireless communication system |
| CN1917408B (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2011-05-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for planning code resources in cell of SCDMA system |
| JP5029025B2 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2012-09-19 | 日本電気株式会社 | Radio base station apparatus and radio resource management method |
| CN101159480B (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2011-04-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Code tree self-adaptive recovery method and apparatus in communication system |
| KR100925440B1 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2009-11-06 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method for allocating physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel |
| CN103516460B (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2016-08-10 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | The method for releasing of downlink spreading code and device |
| CN105807618B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2019-12-24 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Control method and first central control equipment |
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