CN1240625C - Highly efficient denitrogenation method for aerobe - Google Patents
Highly efficient denitrogenation method for aerobe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240625C CN1240625C CNB2003101213740A CN200310121374A CN1240625C CN 1240625 C CN1240625 C CN 1240625C CN B2003101213740 A CNB2003101213740 A CN B2003101213740A CN 200310121374 A CN200310121374 A CN 200310121374A CN 1240625 C CN1240625 C CN 1240625C
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- waste water
- aeration
- denitrification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The present invention discloses a high efficiency method for denitrifying aerobes. Nitrogen containing waste water is treated by adjusting the reflux ratio, the pH value and the DO value and adding multiple microorganisms. The method is suitable for treating waste water with high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, such as landfill leachate, waste water of livestock and fowl cultivation farms, waste water of biological pharmaceutical factories, some waste water of chemical plants, etc., as well as general domestic waste water containing ammonia nitrogen. The method has the advantages of saving the volume of a reactor, simplifying running operation and reducing running cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sewage water treatment method, specifically, is a kind of nitrogenous compound in the sewage to be carried out the denitrifying denitrifying method of aerobic nitrification simultaneously by the microorganism in the active sludge in same reactor.
Background technology
At present, the nitrogen element is the one of the chief elements that causes closed water area eutrophication such as lake, inland sea, it can cause the transition propagation of algae, cause the eutrophication phenomenon of water body, a large amount of algae death can exhaust the oxygen in the water, and but some algae protein matter toxin enrichments in vivo, and by food chain the people is poisoned.All there is strict restriction various countries to the discharging of nitrogenous substances in the waste water.The integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996) that China implemented in 1998 is made following regulation to ammonia nitrogen: carry out the waters of primary standard, ammonia nitrogen concentration must not surpass 15 mg/litre in the draining; Carry out the waters of secondary standard, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen must not surpass 25 mg/litre in its draining; Kjeldahl nitrogen should not be higher than 15 mg/litre in China's " reclaimed water reuse is in the water quality standard of landscape water body " CJ/95-2000 regulation water body.
In the multiple denitrogenation method of having used at present, the biological denitrificaion method remains the main means of denitrogenation of waste water, and it is nitrated that it mainly includes ammonification, the ammonia nitrogen of machine nitrogen, steps such as the decomposition of nitrate or denitrification.Traditional denitrogenation theory is finished by two stages of nitrification and denitrification for the removal of ammonia nitrogen, because nitrifier is different to the requirement of envrionment conditions with denitrifying bacteria, these two processes can not take place simultaneously, and can only carry out by list type, be that nitration reaction occurs under the aerobic condition, by autotrophic bacteria with oxygen as electron acceptor(EA), NH
4 +-N is oxidized to NO
2 --N and NO
3 -N.Under the situation of segmentation, usually NH
4 +-N is oxidized to NO
2 -The process of-N is called the nitrosification process, is finished by nitrococcus; NO
2 --N is converted into NO
3 -The process of-N is called nitrifying process, is finished by nitrifier, and these two processes are referred to as nitrifying process again sometimes.Anti-nitration reaction occurs under anoxic or the anaerobic condition, by heterotrophic bacterium with NO
2-and NO
3-as electron acceptor(EA), it is reduced into gaseous substance discharges.Biological denitrification process separates anoxic process and aerobic processes mostly and carries out, and forms classification nitration denitrification technology.Mainly contain classical denitrification process and A/O method (anaerobic-aerobic method) etc.Classical denitrification process mainly is made up of ammonification, nitrator and denitrification reactor, will add methyl alcohol (CH in denitrification process
3OH) with supplementary carbon source, add alkali simultaneously to regulate the pH value, Fig. 1 is seen in technical process; The A/O method places the nitrator front to denitrification reactor, and the nitrification liquid partial reflux that comes out from nitrator adds alkali to regulate the pH value to denitrification reactor in treating processes, and Fig. 2 is seen in technical process.
These treatment process have its significant disadvantages: technical process is longer, and floor space is big, the initial cost height, and power consumption and working cost are all higher; A little less than system's impact resistance; The acidity that nitrifying process produces need add the alkali neutralization; Classical denitrification process also needs to add methyl alcohol and makes carbon source in denitrification process, not only increase expense but also may bring secondary pollution.
In recent years, denitrification process has had new development, mainly is to realize nitrification and denitrification in a reactor, to shorten or to simplify flow process.Conclude and get up to mainly contain following three types: 1. in a reaction unit, be divided into different conversion zones.If any reaction unit is divided into aerobic, different zones such as hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobism, carry out nitration denitrification (referring to Chinese patent 92108434.X and 00206626.2) respectively.In same reaction unit by carrying out different technology controlling and process (as dissolved oxygen DO, pH value etc.) in the different periods, make nitration denitrification carry out (referring to U.S. Pat 5266200) in the different periods of same device.3. pass through to add in reaction unit the material (as porous material) of special construction, apposition growth has microbial film on the porous material, and its inside keeps anoxic and the aerobic different like this environment of outside maintenance; Or in system, adding the chemical substance handled through the special contour structures carboxylic-acid or the alcohols material of a fixed structure and carbon number (as have), they can also be created in as electron donor and be fit to the aerobic and anaerobic environment (referring to U.S. Pat 6551511B1) nitrated, that anti-nitration reaction carries out simultaneously; Similarly also has granule sludge.More than three types essence be in the differential responses space of same reaction system or the differential responses time forms and concentrates relatively and stably have two reaction environments inequality (the particularly different environment of dissolved oxygen DO) simultaneously, make nitrification and denitrification in same reactor, carry out (referring to Chinese patent 00132076.9) simultaneously.
Though shortened technical process on the denitrification process surface of these new developments, denitrogenation is carried out in same system, the essence of its biological denitrificaion and traditional denitrification process do not have difference, and they are still by the pattern of aerobic nitrification, anoxic denitrification carries out denitrification reaction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of removing various nitrogenous compounds in the sewage by the microorganism that exists in the aerobic activated sludge with complete aerobic pattern, the utilization ratio of conventional sewage disposal device is increased substantially, real realize biochemical, nitrated and denitrification spatially, carry out fully simultaneously on the time.Denitride technology of the present invention is that microorganism is reacted in structures, need not to divide on time and space different operating units, has all reduced widely for the complicacy of disposable facility investment, working cost and operation.
Please refer to Fig. 4, for achieving the above object, the present invention takes following method:
Nitric wastewater is TKN (total Kjeldahl nitrogen) 100～800mg/L, C/N (CODcr/NH4+-N, as follows) 3～10, N/P (NH+-N/P04-3-P) 4 ~ 12.This sewage (being " raw wastewater " among Fig. 4) enters and handles in the aeration tank, reflux ratio R=0.5～4, and keeping the pH value in the aeration tank is 6.8～8.8, and DO is 2～6 mg/litre, and 10～35 ℃ of temperature were handled in the aeration tank 10～16 hours.Carry out aeration by gas blower, adopt efficient microporous diffuser in the aeration tank, to carry air, make all to be in the high-solubility oxygen state in the aeration tank.
In the aeration tank, be equipped with composite flora.In the composite flora simultaneously the growth biochemical, nitrated and denitrification flora.This composite flora draws household chemicals limited liability company to provide by Beijing shellfish, and the trade mark is the composite flora of BL01, and mixed solution composite flora concentration is 3～6g/L.
This method suitable treatment high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen sewage, as percolate, hold fowl plant waste water, bio-pharmaceuticals factory waste water and some chemical plant wastewater etc., also suitable treatment generally contains the sanitary sewage of ammonia nitrogen.
The complete aerobic reactor of contriver's design can be referring to Fig. 3.Its aerating apparatus 1 is a micro-pore aeration plate, it can fully improve the oxygen transfer efficiency, guarantee the thorough mixing of reactor each several part component, gas is entered by inlet mouth 2, different heights at reactor 3 is respectively equipped with water port 4, gauge 5 is housed on wall, bottom air inlet 2 is also as mud discharging mouth, control respectively by valve 6 and 7, carry out aeration by 8 pairs of aeration tanks of gas blower, air enters reactor by efficient micro-pore aeration plate, and air capacity is by under meter 9 controls, reactor can adopt continuously or periodic running, and waste water can directly be added by reactor top.Neither filled in the reaction unit, also subregion, not at times not, (DO is 2～6mg/L), and total nitrogen can continuous decrease, and the clearance of total nitrogen can reach more than 90% to remain the high-solubility oxygen state.Confirm that denitrification not only carries out under anoxia condition, under aerobic situation, also can carry out; And the acidity that the basicity that denitrification process produces energy balance nitrifying process produces, the adjusting of pH drops to minimum; This in addition aerobic denitrifying bacteria also is a kind of heterotrophic bacterium, can improve the organic loading of water inlet greatly, and not influence nitrated rate.
Biological sewage denitrifying method of the present invention and principle thereof are that the aerobic microbiological that is present in active sludge participates in down, through synchronous nitration and the denitrifying Biochemical processes that himself is survived and breeding is carried out.
Under aerobic condition, cultivate nitrated or nitrococcus and denitrifying bacteria, to obtain to be suitable for the composite flora of synchronous nitration and denitrification under aerobic condition.In the experiment under the aerobic condition, we find in whole denitrification process, NO
2 --N and NO
3 --N all less than accumulation, illustrates that nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction carry out really simultaneously in same reactor.The nitration product of nitrifier becomes the direct electron acceptor of denitrifying bacteria anti-nitration reaction.Because can bear the influent load of the bigger C/N ratio of variation, this composite flora also comprises a large amount of biochemical bacterias except comprising aerobic nitrification bacterium and aerobic denitrifying bacteria, by biochemical bacteria itrogenous organic substance is decomposed into NH under aerobic condition
4 +-N, again by the aerobic nitrification flora with NH
4 +-N is converted into NO
2 --N or NO
3 --N, simultaneously by the aerobic denitrification flora NO
2 --N or NO
3 --N is converted into N
2, whole process is biochemistry under the aerobic condition time, nitrated and denitrification.
In above-mentioned treatment process of the present invention, biochemical, nitrated and denitrification carries out in identical aerobic condition and same reactive system simultaneously, and the simplified operation difficulty reduces investment cost and running cost greatly.The product of nitration reaction can directly become the substrate of anti-nitration reaction, has avoided NO in the culturing process
2 --N and NO
3 -The accumulation of-N has been quickened nitrated process to the inhibition of nitration reaction.
In above-mentioned treatment process of the present invention, because nitrification and denitrification carries out simultaneously in same reactor and finishes, changed the demand that there are strong opposite potential of hydrogen in traditional aerobic nitrification and anoxic denitrification system, and have certain complementarity relatively, thereby the variation of potential of hydrogen had very strong shock absorption.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. save reactor volume and structures floor space, reduce investment.
2. the basicity of anti-nitration reaction generation can remedy the consumption of nitration reaction basicity, simplifies operation, reduces working cost.
3. owing to biochemical, the nitrated and denitrification flora of growing simultaneously in the composite flora, reactant directly becomes the substrate of next step reaction, avoids the accumulation of reactant, the process of accelerated reaction.
4. C/N can be adapted to than the influent load that alters a great deal, very high organic influent load and ammonia nitrogen loading can be adapted to simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is classical biological denitrification process flow process.
Fig. 2 is A/O (Anoxic/Oxic) biological denitrification process schema.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of equipment therefor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by concrete enforcement example foregoing of the present invention is described in further detail, but this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only is confined to following example.All same quadrat methods that is realized based on the above-mentioned theme of the present invention all should belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1～12:
Water quality treatment is with mealy corn face and NH
4Cl is modulated into the synthetic high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater of manual simulation, and adds various nutritive salt, BOD
5/ COD
Cr=0.6, N/P=12 dilutes according to different needs during use.Experimental result sees Table 1, table 2 and table 3.The total useful volume 13L of sequence bioreactor (Sequencing Batch Reactor, abbreviation SBR), the bottom is equipped with micro-pore aeration plate 1, carries out aeration by gas blower 8, and under meter 9 plays the control flow, sees also Fig. 3.By the result as can be seen ammonia nitrogen obtain whole removals, nitrogen removal rate reaches 73.49～91.99%, COD
CrClearance reach 81.44～95.62%.
The result of the different DO of table 1. (embodiment 1～4) water inlet NH4+-N=150mg/L, CODCr=900mg/L, C/N=6,12 hours reaction times, 25 ℃ of temperature, pH is controlled at 7.8, and composite flora concentration is about 4g/L.Embodiment 1, DO=2.0mg/L; Embodiment 2, DO=2.5mg/L: embodiment 3, DO=3.0mg/L; Embodiment 4, DO=4.0mg/L.
Annotate: TN=NH
4 +-N+NO
3 --N+NO
2 --N,
The expression ammonia nitrogen removal frank, η
TNThe expression nitrogen removal rate, η
CODCrExpression COD
CrClearance, as follows.
The result of the different C/N of table 2. (embodiment 5～8) water inlet NH4+-N=150mg/L, DO is controlled at 2.8mg/L, 12 hours reaction times, 25 ℃ of temperature, pH is controlled at 7.8.Composite flora concentration is about 4g/L.Embodiment 5, C/N=5; Embodiment 6, C/N=6: embodiment 7, C/N=8; Embodiment 8, C/N=10.
The result of the different pH of table 3. (embodiment 9～12) water inlet NH4+-N=150mg/L, CODCr=750mg/L, C/N=5, DO is controlled at 2.8mg/L, 25 ℃ of temperature, 12 hours reaction times.Composite flora concentration is about 4g/L.Embodiment 9, pH=7.0; Embodiment 10, pH=7.5: embodiment 11, pH=8.0; Embodiment 12, pH=8.5.
Embodiment 13～15:
Certain percolate from garbage filling field adopts method of the present invention to handle, per hour treatment capacity 1.5～2M
3, aeration tank DO2～6mg/L, the liquid portion that comes out in the aeration tank is back to the aeration tank, and Fig. 4 is seen in technical process.As water inlet CODcr2000～4500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 400～700mg/L, pH do not make under the situation of any adjusting η at pH about 8.2
CODCRReach more than 70%,
Reach more than 97% η
TNReach about 70%, concrete data see Table 4.
Table 4. percolate from garbage filling field result (embodiment 13～15)
Composite flora concentration is 5g/L.
Claims (3)
1. an aerobic biological denitrification method is characterized in that, comprises the following step:
Nitric wastewater enters in the aeration tank and handles, reflux ratio R=0.5～4, keeping the pH value in the aeration tank is 6.8～8.8, DO is 2～6mg/L, grow simultaneously biochemical, nitrated, denitrifying bacteria of composite flora in the mixed solution, concentration is 3～6g/L, 10～35 ℃ of temperature, water inlet TKN100～800mg/L, C/N than 3～10, N/P is than 4～12, in the aeration tank, handled 10～16 hours; All be in the high-solubility oxygen state in the aeration tank.
2. aerobic biological denitrification method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by gas blower aeration is carried out in the aeration tank, air enters reactor by the aeration scatterer.
3. aerobic biological denitrification method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described aeration scatterer is the micro-pore aeration plate.
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| CN1240625C true CN1240625C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
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| CN109467185B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | Stable nitrosation denitrification denitrogenation method for medium-low concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater |
| CN109970184A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 | It is a kind of for removing the aerobic biological process for treating of industrial wastewater COD |
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