CN1240497C - High-carbon and chronmium bearing steel wire for direct drawing and its making process - Google Patents
High-carbon and chronmium bearing steel wire for direct drawing and its making process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240497C CN1240497C CN 01113948 CN01113948A CN1240497C CN 1240497 C CN1240497 C CN 1240497C CN 01113948 CN01113948 CN 01113948 CN 01113948 A CN01113948 A CN 01113948A CN 1240497 C CN1240497 C CN 1240497C
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- Prior art keywords
- bearing steel
- rolling
- steel wire
- wire rod
- chromium bearing
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of steel alloy and the manufacturing technology, which relates to a high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire used for direct drawing, and the manufacturing technology. The chemical component of the high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire used for the direct drawing in the present invention takes the component partition ratio with a grade number of GCr15 in the GB/T18254-2000 'high-carbon chromium bearing steel '. The hot roll bearing steel wire is rolled and then obtains refined grains, fine pearlites which are uniformly distributed, and a sorbite structure through the new process for controlling the rolling and the cooling, the tensile strength (sigma b) after the wire is rolled is from 1250MPa to 1500MPa, the reduction rate of cross-sectional area (psi) is from 20%-35%, and a meshed state of a carbide is from 1.0 to 2.0 stage. The plasticity can be greatly improved, the hot rolling wire can be directly used for the drawing not through the annealing, and the present invention can directly manufacture a rolling body by the high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire so that the service life can be improved. The present invention is beneficial to the environmental protection, and has a notable economic effect in the process of producing steel wires.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel alloy and manufacturing process field, relate to a kind of direct drawing high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire rod and manufacturing process.
Background technology
Bearing steel wire rod is made bearing roller after being mainly used in cold working.For processing and the heat treatment requirements that satisfies rolling element and other bearing parts, bearing steel wire rod must have equally distributed granular pearlite tissue and than the low level carbide network.Adopt the rolling hot rolling bearing steel wire rod of traditional handicraft,, roll back tensile strength (σ owing to be subjected to the milling train restriction
b) 1150MPa～1250MPa, the contraction percentage of area (Ψ) 0%～5%, 2.0 grades～4.0 grades of carbide networks, tissue is generally the coarse pearlity that has carbide network.Above-mentioned hot rolling bearing steel wire rod not directly is used for drawing, must just can reach the needed performance requirement of cold working earlier through the spheroidizing of 780 ℃～810 ℃ * 18h～20h before the drawing processing.
Along with the application of high-speed wire mill in special steel is produced, adopt controlled rolling and control process for cooling to become possibility during bearing steel wire rod is rolling.
Domestic wire rod controlled rolling and control cooling are new technologies that grows up along with the application of high-speed wire mill the eighties.The purpose of temperature controlled rolling is for the crystal grain of adjusting steel and substructure, and necessary condition is prepared in the structural transformation when afterwards cooling off for rolling.The control cooling purpose is to roll the back structural transformation in order to control steel, obtains good, uniform metallographic structure, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of steel.In addition, controlled rolling and control cooling can also improve the production efficiency of milling train, reduce the wire rod iron scale and generate.
Wire rod controlled rolling and control cooling technology are applied in mild steel, the low-alloy steel production at first, and main purpose is in order to improve intensity and comprehensive mechanical property.Bearing steel belongs to high-carbon alloy steel, and tissue changes complexity in the operation of rolling, and the control difficulty is bigger.Do not see as yet before this and adopt controlled rolling and control to cool off the successfully report of rolling bearing steel wire rod.At present, Dalian Iron ﹠ Steel Group Corp. Ltd on its high accuracy alloy steel rod wire tandem rolling machine of being introduced by Germany, successfully develops bearing steel wire rod controlled rolling and control process for cooling.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to make the abundant refinement of hot rolling bearing steel wire rod crystal grain by controlled rolling and control process for cooling, roll the back and obtain equally distributed fine pearlite and sorbite tissue, wire rod rolls back tensile strength (σ
b) 1200MPa～1450MPa, the contraction percentage of area (Ψ) 20%～35%, 1.0 grades～2.0 grades of carbide networks.Plasticity fully improves, and can make hot rolling wire without the direct drawing of annealing.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme.
Direct drawing among the present invention is taked the (standard GB/T221-2000 regulation of trade mark GCr15 among the GB/T18254-2000 " high-carbon-chromium bearing steel " with the chemical composition of bearing steel wire rod, high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, put in marks " G " at trade mark head, but do not indicate phosphorus content.The chromium amount is in some thousandths of, and other alloying element is represented by the alloy content of structural alloy steel.For example: average chrome content is that its trade mark of bearing steel of 1.50% is expressed as " GCr15 ".) composition proportion.
Direct drawing among the present invention is carried out following technology with the manufacturing of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire rod:
Electric furnace smelting → LF+VD → die casting 3t steel ingot → red commentaries on classics → High temperature diffusion → breaking down cogging → slow cooling → steel billet magnetic powder inspection → steel blank regrinding → steel billet heating → wire rod rolling.
Wherein wire rod rolling operation adopts controlled rolling and control process for cooling, is the core of the technical program, divides three sections controls:
Roll 1 just, and be controlled at single-phase austenite perfect recrystallization zone, 1000 ℃～1300 ℃;
2 finish to gauges are controlled at two-phase section, 780 ℃～830 ℃;
Rolling line water-cool control to 750 ℃ after 3 finish to gauges～820 ℃ is weaved silk;
4Stelmer line (delaying type stelmor cooling supply line) control cooling velocity in 30 ℃/min～50 ℃/min, be cooled to below 450 ℃.
Specify as follows:
Just, in roll and be controlled at single-phase austenite perfect recrystallization zone, the abundant refinement of austenite crystal increases grain boundary area, and more carbide forming core point is provided; Finish to gauge is controlled at two phase region, produces the intracrystalline substructure on the one hand in rolling deformation, increases carbide intracrystalline forming core point, reduces carbide along the crystal boundary amount of separating out, and makes nascent net carbide broken in rolling on the other hand; Laying temperature is controlled at the lower limit that net carbide is separated out temperature, in conjunction with rolling back control cooling velocity, avoids the carbide network formation temperature, controls carbide simultaneously and separates out with shred shape form.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1) chemical composition of bearing steel wire rod takes the composition proportion of GB/T18254 regulation not adjust, and adopts controlled rolling and control process for cooling that its tissue, performance are greatly improved.
2) annealing and the pickling process in the minimizing Production for Steel Wire.
The present invention has the following advantages:
The first, hot rolling wire is organized as the crystal grain of refinement, and fine pearlite adds sorbite, can carry the use high life 70% because the carbide network rank is low, make rolling element; On the performance, the contraction percentage of area increases substantially, and improves hot rolling wire plasticity.
The second, hot rolling wire can directly carry out the drawing of 25%～40% deflection without annealing.The 3rd, help environmental protection.Reduce the wire acid cleaning amount, even can thoroughly realize not having pickling production.
The 4th, obvious economic mainly realizes in Production for Steel Wire.
1) need not carry out spheroidizing before the steel wire drawing, two combine into one with the recrystallization annealing after spheroidizing and the drawing.Can reduce heat treatment amount 30%, it is 48h that the whole Production for Steel Wire cycle shortens the back.
2) reduce the Equipment for Heating Processing investment.The Equipment for Heating Processing investment accounts for bearing steel wire production equipment gross investment 30%～50%, when adopting the present invention to produce, can reduce the Equipment for Heating Processing investment and reach 1/3.
3) reduce production costs.But reduce heat treatment amount energy efficient 30%; Reduce the metal charge scaling loss, lumber recovery brings up to 98% by 94% of routine; Reduce pickling consumption.More than three totals, the 300 yuan/t～400 yuan/t that can reduce production costs.
The specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention: by controlled rolling of the present invention and two batches of control process for cooling rolled wires.
Embodiment 1:
Trade mark GCr15 heat (batch) number 011/1897 specification 10.0mm
Its rolling mill practice:
1000 ℃～1150 ℃ of heating furnace samming sections are advanced 805 ℃～815 ℃ of the preceding temperature of finishing mill, 750 ℃～775 ℃ of laying temperatures;
Assay:
Tensile strength (σ
b) 1370MPa～1450MPa, the contraction percentage of area (Ψ) 27%～33%, 1.5 grades of carbide networks.
Pull-out test:
Drawing after the direct pickling of raw material is coated lime, pulling process is as follows:
10.0-9.6-8.6-8.3-7.8-7.5(mm)。
Draw five passages, total draft 45.9%, after 780 ℃ * 18h of employing anneals after drawing, 2 grades of spherodized structures, tensile strength (σ
b) 687MPa～695MPa, decarburization 0.05mm.
Embodiment 2:
Trade mark GCr15 heat (batch) number 010/2031 specification 5.5mm
Its rolling mill practice:
1050 ℃～1170 ℃ of heating furnace samming sections are advanced 800 ℃～810 ℃ of the preceding temperature of finishing mill, 755 ℃～765 ℃ of laying temperatures;
Assay:
Tensile strength (σ
b) 1350MPa～1470MPa, the contraction percentage of area (Ψ) 30%～35%, 1.0 grades～1.5 grades of carbide networks.
Pull-out test:
Drawing after the direct pickling of raw material is coated lime, pulling process is as follows:
5.5-4.9-4.3-4.0-3.8(mm)。
Draw four-pass, total draft 50.4%, after 780 ℃ * 18h annealing is adopted in the drawing back, 2 grades of spherodized structures, tensile strength (σ
b) 665MPa～685MPa, decarburization 0.02mm.
Directly drawing has been pressed above-mentioned explained hereafter 10000 tons with GCr 15 bearing steel wire rods, and every month size of order of user reaches 300 tons～500 tons at present.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of direct drawing manufacturing process of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire rod, technological process is electric furnace smelting → LF+VD → die casting 3t steel ingot → red commentaries on classics → High temperature diffusion → breaking down cogging → slow cooling → steel billet magnetic powder inspection → steel blank regrinding → steel billet heating → wire rod rolling, it is characterized in that, the wire rod rolling operation adopts controlled rolling and control process for cooling, and technological parameter is as follows:
1) rolls just, and be controlled at single-phase austenite perfect recrystallization zone, 1000 ℃～1300 ℃;
2) finish to gauge is controlled at two-phase section, 780 ℃～830 ℃;
3) after the finish to gauge, rolling line water-cool control to 750 ℃～820 ℃ is weaved silk;
4) Stelmer line traffic control cooling velocity in 30 ℃/min～50 ℃/min, be cooled to below 450 ℃.
2, a kind of direct drawing high-carbon-chromium bearing steel wire rod that utilizes the described explained hereafter of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01113948 CN1240497C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-carbon and chronmium bearing steel wire for direct drawing and its making process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01113948 CN1240497C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-carbon and chronmium bearing steel wire for direct drawing and its making process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1383940A CN1383940A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| CN1240497C true CN1240497C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
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ID=4660643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01113948 Expired - Fee Related CN1240497C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-carbon and chronmium bearing steel wire for direct drawing and its making process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1240497C (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100342987C (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2007-10-17 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Hot-rolling anneal-free coil rod production method for 8.8 grade high-strength cold forging steel |
| CN101586182B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-29 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for reducing net level of bearing steel wire rod carbide |
| CN102416411B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-06-19 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of directly cold-drawn spring steel wire with excellent fatigue performance |
| CN103555913B (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 首钢总公司 | Control method for improving plasticity of bearing steel wire rod |
| CN107385175B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-18 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of other deformation method of the band-like carbide grade of reduction GCr15 bearing steel |
| CN109402356B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-02-07 | 江阴兴澄合金材料有限公司 | Controlled cooling and controlled rolling method for controlling net shape of bearing steel wire carbide |
| CN110153179A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | The process of the fiery bearing steel of cooling rolling two |
| CN110238192A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-17 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Utilize the method for mini milling train production prestress wire wire rod |
| CN111876563A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏联峰实业有限公司 | Rolling process of carbon-chromium bearing steel |
| CN112355054B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-06-03 | 联峰钢铁（张家港）有限公司 | Large-size high-carbon chromium bearing steel hot-rolled wire rod and high-speed wire rod production method thereof |
| CN113083936B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-07-05 | 江阴兴澄合金材料有限公司 | High-carbon chromium bearing steel wire rod with diameter less than or equal to 10mm and capable of meeting large-area-reduction-rate hot rolling straight pulling and production method thereof |
| CN113699440A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-26 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production process method for reducing net grade of GCr15 bearing steel bar carbide |
| CN113680847B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-21 | 凯明(常州)新材料科技有限公司 | Production process of high-strength bearing steel wire |
| CN114433648B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2024-04-12 | 无锡天辰冷拉型钢有限公司 | Cold drawing processing method of high-carbon chromium bearing steel guide rail blank |
| CN117987742B (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-08-20 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | Ultra-high strength hot rolled wire rod with tensile strength of 1600MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
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2001
- 2001-05-09 CN CN 01113948 patent/CN1240497C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1383940A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
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