CN1239726C - Process of minimizing alloy for enhancing high temp. strength and hot working plasticity of super alloy with nickle base - Google Patents
Process of minimizing alloy for enhancing high temp. strength and hot working plasticity of super alloy with nickle base Download PDFInfo
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- CN1239726C CN1239726C CN 200410021387 CN200410021387A CN1239726C CN 1239726 C CN1239726 C CN 1239726C CN 200410021387 CN200410021387 CN 200410021387 CN 200410021387 A CN200410021387 A CN 200410021387A CN 1239726 C CN1239726 C CN 1239726C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of minimizing alloying for enhancing high temperature strength and hot working plasticity of a nickel-base super alloy, which adopts the conventional technological methods of primary smelting and electroslag smelting of a nickel-base super alloy. The method comprises the steps: a, 0.008% to 0.012% of magnesium is added before steel is made from the primarily smelted nickel-base super alloy to cause the content of the magnesium in the alloy to be from 0.003% to 0.008%; b, when the nickel-base super alloy is in electroslag smelting, the smelting slag has the components: 63% to 67% of calcium fluoride, 8% to 12% of calcium oxide, 18% to 22% of alumina and 3% to 7% of magnesium oxide. While in electroslag smelting, the current when a metal electrode begins to be remelted is I working=K junction. D junction for two to three minutes. The product obtained by the present invention keeps the original good performance of the EMS215 alloy, greatly improves the high temperature strength and the heat processing plasticity of the alloy and can be favorably rolled into section bars which have small specifications and conform to requirements. The electroslag ingot surface is smooth, and the grinding workload of steel ingots is reduced. The service life of a copper cooled is extended, and the electroslag smelting is safer.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of working method of alloy.
The engine valves such as high-powered car of the present excellent property of background technology all adopt superalloy to replace chromium nickel manganese nitrogen series austenite high temperature steel, and nickel based super alloy (EMS215 alloy) is exactly wherein a kind of.This alloy is to rely on aluminium titanium elements and nickel to generate Intermetallic compound [Ni
3(Al.Ti)] be γ ' phase, carry out the nickel based super alloy of intergranular precipitation sclerotic type.It has at high temperature that intensity height, thermal distortion drag are big, heat resistanceheat resistant radiation and oxidation resistant premium properties.But these premium propertiess also bring the negative drawbacks that hot-workability is poor, easily crack.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microalloying method that had not only kept the original premium properties of nickel based super alloy but also can improve its hot strength and hot-workability.The present invention adds magnesium when just refining (smelt for the first time) at the EMS215 alloy, makes in the EMS215 alloy of acquisition to contain magnesium 0.003%-0.008%, when it being carried out electroslag smelting (smelting for the second time), keeps the Mg content in this alloy constant simultaneously.The first sweetening process method of the first refining of above-mentioned EMS215 alloy and existing conventional EMS215 alloy is basic identical, be raw material promptly with metallic nickel, chromium, iron, titanium, aluminium, niobium, zirconium and boron, carbon, in induction furnace, refine, just before tapping, need to add 0.008%-0.012% magnesium, and be to add with nickel-magnesium alloy form.Because the adding of magnesium has changed the form of alloy grain boundary carbide, promptly become spherical and the ellipsoid shape, and spacing strengthen by the shred shape.This form makes alloy make the hot-workability that the time spent can improve intensity and improve alloy in that high temperature is stressed.But, guarantee that for preventing magnesium scaling loss in the electroslag smelting process its content in alloy is constant, so the present invention adopts quaternary slag system electroslag when electroslag smelting because magnesium is as lively as a cricket element.This quaternary slag system includes: the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 63%-67% of purification, aluminium sesquioxide 18%-22%, calcium oxide 8%-12%, magnesium oxide 3%-7%.Preferably the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of Ti Chuning accounts for 65%, aluminium sesquioxide accounts for 20%, calcium oxide accounts for 10%, magnesium oxide accounts for 5%.The front is conventional slag system ingredient for three kinds, and the magnesium oxide that increases, the scaling loss of magnesium in the time of can replenishing smelting makes the Mg content in the ESR ingot remain on 0.003%-0.008%.Formula calculated below the quantity of slag adopted: the %G of the quantity of slag=(4-5)
Ingot, G wherein
IngotFor ESR ingot weighs.
The present invention adopts conventional electroslag smelting processing method, the voltage V of electroslag smelting substantially
Work=0.6D
Knot+ 31 V wherein
WorkBe operating voltage (V), D
KnotBe crystallizer diameter (cm).When metal electrode begins remelting, adopt big electric current to continue 2-3 minute, adopt normal current (2900-3300A) to put forward the slag temperature then.The calculating of this big electric current can be adopted following formula: I
Work=K
KnotD
KnotI in the formula
WorkBe working current (A), K
KnotBe crystallizer electric current per unit length (A/cm), K
Knot≈ 150-250A/cm, mean value K
Knot=200A/cm, D
KnotBe crystallizer diameter (cm).Place this steel grade heelpiece in addition on the crystallizer water-cooling subbase, its thickness is 15-20cm, and the area of this heelpiece is 80% of a crystallizer base area.Do like this is exactly to allow heat move down, not only beating of a heelpiece part, the molten metal solution electrode spreads on the copper pedestal very soon simultaneously, drive away the slag blanket that is solidifying, conductive area is increased, make current stabilization in the electroslag smelting process, guaranteed that also the ESR ingot smooth surface does not go out slag runner.The cold base of copper is not beaten arc simultaneously, has improved the work-ing life of water tank.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, the product that is obtained by the present invention except that keeping the original premium properties of EMS215 alloy, has also improved the hot strength and the hot-workability of this alloy widely, makes it to be rolled into smoothly satisfactory small dimension section bar.
2, ESR ingot smooth surface reduces sanding amount of steel ingots.
3, the cold base of copper improves work-ing life, and electroslag smelting is safer.
Embodiment
Example 1
Be lined with to furnace bottom and add 331.414 kilograms of nickel plate (Article Number is a nickel-01), 69.75 kilograms of biscuit metal chromium (No. 0), 27 kilograms of fritter pure iron (iron level 99.8%), 0.18 kilogram of graphite of 4.05 kilograms of niobium bars (trade mark is TNb-1) that specification is 150*200mm in 500 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnaces of a small amount of unslaked lime.Material adds the back power-on, and induction furnace power is controlled at 300 kilowatts.When raw material is rubescent in the stove, add 15 kilograms of slag charges (less than 20mm) being preheated to 600-800 ℃ gradually, 9 kilograms of unslaked limes in this slag charge (CaO content is 96%), fluorite (CaF
2Content is 98%) 6 kilograms.After raw material all melts, add the Al-CaO reductor in three batches, every batch weight is 700 grams, 500 grams and 300 grams successively, adds a collection of every 5 minutes.After the 3rd batch of reductor uses up, temperature is controlled at 1460-1480 ℃, add 6.3 kilograms of little aluminium blocks of special one-level, 10.575 kilograms little titanium pieces.After adding aluminium, titanium induction furnace power is transferred to 300 kilowatts, stirred 5 minutes, power is dropped to 280 kilowatts then, make its temperature remain on 1470-1490 ℃.Add aluminium, 20 minutes sampling analysis of titanium.Add 200 gram reductors again, the interval added a collection of in 7-10 minute, remained the white slag state during this period.Analytical results: aluminium content is 1.3%, titanium content is 2.3%, prepares tapping.Improve earlier induction furnace power to 320 kilowatt; furnace temperature is risen to 0.0225 kilogram of ferro-boron and 0.45 kilogram of metal zirconium that 1500-1520 ℃ of insertion wrapped with thin aluminum sheet; add 0.27 kilogram of nickel-magnesium alloy subsequently, be 2.0 normal atmosphere argon shields tappings with pressure then and be cast into Φ 90*2800EMS215 alloy electrode rod.Nickel accounts for 69.59% in this EMS215 alloy, chromium accounts for 14%, iron accounts for 9%, titanium accounts for 2%, aluminium accounts for 0.9%, niobium accounts for 1.2%, zirconium accounts for 0.1%, magnesium accounts for 0.008%, aluminium+titanium accounts for 3.1%, carbon accounts for 0.1%, boron accounts for 0.0015%.
Get above-mentioned Φ 90*2800 magnesium content and be 0.008% EMS215 alloy electrode rod, the booty of removing the burr on it and being stained with, and weld dummy electrode.Get purification Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) (CaF
2Content 〉=97%) 3.28 kilograms, 0.94 kilogram of aluminium sesquioxide, 0.62 kilogram in calcium oxide (CaO 〉=95), 0.36 kilogram in magnesium oxide, stove alienation slag carries out the melt cinder starting the arc.Adopt DZSP-150 type crystallizer to smelt, establish this steel grade of Φ 120*15 heelpiece in it, smelt voltage: 45V, smelt electric current: when metal electrode begins remelting, adopt the 4000A electric current after 2 minutes, to adopt the 2900-3300A electric current again.When the metal electrode remelting soon finishes, reduce gradually electric current to 1500A voltage to 35V, make microcephaly's filling plentiful, allow ESR ingot Xu Lengzhi room temperature in air take off ingot then, obtain 130 kilograms of ESR ingot.
Example 2
Be lined with to furnace bottom and add 331.486 kilograms of nickel plate (nickel-1 electrolytic nickel), 69.75 kilograms of biscuit metal chromium (No. 0), 27 kilograms of fritter pure iron (iron level 99.7%), 4.05 kilograms of niobium bars (trade mark is TNb-2), 0.18 kilogram of graphite that specification is 150*200mm in 500 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnaces of a small amount of unslaked lime.Material adds the back power-on, and the power of induction furnace is controlled at 300 kilowatts.When raw material is rubescent in the stove, add 15 kilograms of slag charges (less than 20mm) being preheated to 600-800 ℃ gradually, 9 kilograms of unslaked limes in this slag charge (CaO content is 95%), fluorite (CaF
2Content is 97%) 6 kilograms.After raw material all melts, add the Al-CaO reductor in three batches, every batch weight is 700 grams, 500 grams and 300 grams successively, adds a collection of every 5 minutes.After the 3rd batch of reductor uses up, temperature is controlled at 1460-1490 ℃, add 6.3 kilograms of little aluminium blocks of special secondary, 10.575 kilograms little titanium pieces.After adding aluminium, titanium induction furnace power is transferred to 300 kilowatts, stirred 5 minutes, power is dropped to 280 kilowatts then, make its temperature remain on 1470-1490 ℃.Add aluminium, 20 minutes sampling analysis of titanium.Add 200 gram reductors again, the interval added a collection of in 7-10 minute, remained the white slag state during this period.Analytical results: aluminium content is 1.3%, titanium content is 2.3%, prepares tapping.Improve induction furnace power earlier and transfer to 320 kilowatts; furnace temperature is risen to 0.0225 kilogram of ferro-boron and 0.45 kilogram of metal zirconium that 1500-1520 ℃ of insertion wrapped with thin aluminum sheet; add 0.18 kilogram of nickel-magnesium alloy subsequently, be 2.0 normal atmosphere argon shields tappings with pressure then and be cast into Φ 150*2800EMS215 alloy electrode rod.Nickel accounts for 69.94% in this EMS215 alloy, chromium accounts for 17%, iron accounts for 5%, titanium accounts for 2%, aluminium accounts for 1.5%, niobium accounts for 0.7%, zirconium accounts for 0.1%, magnesium accounts for 0.003%, aluminium+titanium accounts for 3.7%, carbon accounts for 0.05%, boron accounts for 0.0015%.
Get above-mentioned Φ 150*2800 magnesium content and be 0.003% EMS215 alloy electrode rod, the booty of removing the burr on it and being stained with welds dummy electrode.Get purification Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) (CaF
2Content 〉=97%) 12.1 kilograms, 4 kilograms of aluminium sesquioxides, 1.44 kilograms in calcium oxide (CaO content 〉=95%), 0.54 kilogram in magnesium oxide.Stove alienation slag carries out the melt cinder starting the arc.Adopt DZSP-250 type crystallizer to smelt, establish this steel grade of Φ 150*20 heelpiece in it, smelt voltage: 46V, smelt electric current: when metal electrode begins remelting, adopt the 5000A electric current after 3 minutes, to adopt the 2900-3300A electric current again.When the metal electrode remelting soon finishes, reduce gradually electric current to 2000A voltage to 35V, make microcephaly's filling plentiful, allow ESR ingot Xu Lengzhi room temperature in air take off ingot then, obtain 362 kilograms of ESR ingot.
The every performance index of above-mentioned electroslag smelting product are carried out detected result such as following table:
| σ b | δ | ψ | High temperature stress creep rupture life | |
| The technological standard required value | 1100MPa | 12％ | 20% (room temperature) | 30 hours |
| The EMS215 alloy that does not add magnesium | 1220MPa | 17％ | 26.5％ | |
| The ESR ingot of example 1 | 1220MPa | 36％ | 45％ | 97 hours |
| The ESR ingot of example 2 | 1238MPa | 34％ | 42％ | 92 hours |
As can be seen from the above table, the δ mean value that adds magnesium EMS215 alloy is 2.059 times of δ values that do not add magnesium EMS215 alloy, the ψ mean value that adds magnesium EMS215 alloy is 1.64 times of ψ values that do not add magnesium EMS215 alloy, and high temperature stress mean value creep rupture life that adds magnesium EMS215 alloy is not add 3.15 times of magnesium EMS215 alloy high-temp stress creep rupture life
Annotate: per-cent related in the present specification all is weight percentage.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of microalloying method that improves nickel based super alloy hot strength and hot-workability, it adopts the first refining and the electroslag smelting processing method of conventional nickel based super alloy, it is characterized in that:
A, adding is the magnesium of its raw material gross weight 0.008%-0.012% before the nickel based super alloy tapping of refining just, and making its content in alloy is 0.003%-0.008%,
B, when above-mentioned nickel based super alloy is carried out electroslag smelting, its metallurgical slag is tied to form and is divided into: Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 63%-67%, calcium oxide 8%-12%, aluminium sesquioxide 18%-22%, magnesium oxide 3%-7%.
2, the microalloying method of raising nickel based super alloy hot strength according to claim 1 and hot-workability is characterized in that: during electroslag smelting, the electric current when metal electrode begins remelting is I
Work=K
KnotD
KnotTime 2-3 minute.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021387 CN1239726C (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | Process of minimizing alloy for enhancing high temp. strength and hot working plasticity of super alloy with nickle base |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021387 CN1239726C (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | Process of minimizing alloy for enhancing high temp. strength and hot working plasticity of super alloy with nickle base |
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| CN1239726C true CN1239726C (en) | 2006-02-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2938530B1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2011-07-29 | Kerneos | POROUS MAGNESIAN CLINKER, METHOD OF MANUFACTURE AND USE AS FLOW FOR PROCESSING STEEL DAIRY |
| CN102719683A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for melting nickel-base high temperature alloy with electro-slag furnace |
| CN104195348A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-10 | 刘天成 | Low-silicon and low-impurity pre-melting slag for electro-slag remelting and preparing method and application thereof |
| CN113652564B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2021-12-14 | 北京科技大学 | Method for smelting high-temperature alloy by using return material |
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