CN1239624A - System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method - Google Patents
System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1239624A CN1239624A CN 96180523 CN96180523A CN1239624A CN 1239624 A CN1239624 A CN 1239624A CN 96180523 CN96180523 CN 96180523 CN 96180523 A CN96180523 A CN 96180523A CN 1239624 A CN1239624 A CN 1239624A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- message
- transceiver
- data
- signal
- controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
A two-way wireless selective call communication system using a synchronous time division multiplex communication protocol transmits messages divided into a plurality of data units from a plurality of selective call transceivers to a paging terminal during time slots, the number of data units and the time slots are set by the paging terminal controller based on information, including size of the message information, received in an unscheduled transmission from each of the plurality of selective call transceivers. The paging terminal transmits to a selective call transceiver a multi-bit acknowledgement message having a one-bit acknowledgement for each of the plurality of data units. A selective call transceiver re-transmits data units not recovered by the terminal based upon content of the acknowledgement message. More than one selective call transceiver transmit during a one-time slot set by the terminal.
Description
The application is No.60/002 with the application number of being submitted in August 11 nineteen ninety-five by the application's same inventor, 160, the common unsettled provisional application that name is called " system that is used for the transmission of reverse channel message controls asymmetric ARQ agreement " is relevant, and the applicant requires the rights and interests of its previous submission date at this.
The present invention relates generally to two-way wireless communication, and be particularly related to a kind of agreement that is used to handle from the error message that recovers by the wireless signal that has the reception of limited message transmission choice of capacity call transceivers.
Recovering the known method of error message in radio frequency or the wireless communication system, is to confirm in the transmission that by returning at the originator to packet each divides into groups successfully or transmission again to erroneous data packets is asked in unsuccessful reception.Return transmission and comprise, and start the transmission again of erroneous packet to message recipient about the explicit or implicit information of each packet of receiving.This known method that recovers the error message data is called automatic repeat request (ARQ) agreement.Two examples of ARQ agreement are wherein to have only specific, that the misdata fragment is transmitted again " select repeat " and start since the transmission again of all data slots of first incorrect fragment " moving back the n step ".Known ARQ method needs the sender of message data and recipient that transmission capacity and the operation independently of one another that is equal to arranged, and data and response message will exchange messages before whole message is processed.With regard to its defective, these known ARQ methods are not designed to operate being controlled to be in the one-sided system such as such system of two-way paging system.In double-direction radio selective call or paging system, be responsible for layout at the system controller of fixing paging end to all transmission of the call transceivers selected, comprise when indication can carry out any ALOHA-formula transmission by bidirection pager or transceiver.Have the typical two-way paging system requirements of limited reverse channel (i.e. transmission from the bidirection pager to the paging system) message transmission capacity, portable selective calling transceiver only just transmits when being done like this by the system controller order.
The portable beep-pager of in such system, operating, or selective call transceiver, memory, disposal ability and since limited battery capacity its carry out repeatedly continuously ability of transmission and be restricted.Being used for known ARQ method requires to start independently and controls from the transmitter of message data and the ability of receiver transmission, so the selective call transceiver can not support to use known method to finish the necessary transmission requirement of ARQ affairs.Known ARQ method is higher than the selective call transceiver capability to the requirement of data storage, processing and transmission.These restrictions in the selective call transceiver make known ARQ method can not be applicable to that the transmission layout only provides, has the two-way paging system that limited inbound message transmits capacity by system controller.
Known paging system also lacks a plurality of bidirection pagers of effective distribution so that the ability of transmitting during same time slot, because known system or shortage are about the enough information of a plurality of bidirection pagers position, perhaps lack the ability that the more than one bidirection pager of instruction transmits simultaneously, perhaps the both lacks.
Needed like this is a kind of like this message authentication method and apparatus, it requires to retransmit automatically in the paging system terminal by coming since losing or wrong information that the call transceivers wireless signal of selecting recovers that reverse channel receives, it is minimum being advanced to be reduced to by the caused delay of affirmation, and consumes minimum forward channel capacity.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of double-direction radio selective call communication system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the system controller that uses in the double-direction radio selective call communication system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the forward of double-direction radio selective call communication system of presentation graphs 1 and the sequential chart of reverse channel wireless signal.
Fig. 4 is the expression of the double-direction radio selective call communication system forward channel frame of expression data block.
Fig. 5 is that the summary of all size data cell is represented in the data block shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of the radio communication sequence between system controller and the selective call transceiver.
Fig. 7 is the expression that changes in the sliding window data structure in system controller and selective call transceiver during the radio communication sequence of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the expression that changes in the sliding window data structure in system controller and selective call transceiver during the radio communication sequence of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the expression that changes in the sliding window data structure in system controller and selective call transceiver during the radio communication sequence of Fig. 6.
Figure 10 is the expression that changes in the sliding window data structure in system controller and selective call transceiver during the radio communication sequence of Fig. 6.
Figure 11 is the expression that changes in the sliding window data structure in system controller and selective call transceiver during the radio communication sequence of Fig. 6.
Figure 12 is the diagram of another radio communication sequence between system controller and the selective call transceiver.
Figure 13 is the diagram of another radio communication sequence between system controller and the selective call transceiver.
Figure 14 is the flow chart that is used for the reverse channel ARQ scheme operation of system controller.
Figure 15 is the flow chart that is used for the reverse channel ARQ scheme operation of selective call transceiver.
Figure 16 is a diagram of describing the geographic area part of two-way radio communications system 10.
Referring to Fig. 1, two-way radio communications system, the circuit block diagram of double-direction radio selective call communication system or system 20 preferably are shown according to a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein.System 20 comprises a message input device, such as the plain old telephone 22 that is connected with system controller or controller 26 by common public switched telephone network (PSTN) 24.Controller 26 monitors the operation of at least one radio-frequency (RF) transmitter 28 and a plurality of fixed RF receivers 30, and is inbound and outbound message Code And Decode the form compatible with the land-line message switching unit.Controller 26 also comprises encoder, and its function is that the message related to calls that commutes selective call transceiver or transceiver 32 is carried out Code And Decode.Controller 26, at least one radio-frequency (RF) transmitter 28 and a plurality of fixed RF receiver comprise preferably fixing terminal 33.
System controller 26 is used for to 32 transmission of selective call transceiver the message queueing of data and storage.The information that subscriber database stores in the controller 26 is relevant with each user's transceiver, comprise the unique address of distributing to each transceiver and in PSTN24, use so that determine the telephone number of message to the route of each transceiver 32, and the preference determined of user.
The transmission of system controller 26 layout message reaches the affirmation from the selective call transceiver 32 that comprises portable selective call transceiver.These transmission comprise from the transmission of the demand type of transceiver, such as to the affirmation of the message that sent by controller 26 and to the response of the status inquiry message that sends such as slave controller 26.The transmission of layout can also comprise the non-demand type transmission from transceiver, and such as the message of being preserved by transceiver, transceiver has formerly been sent to the message of controller 26 or confirmed interior notification controller 26 by transceiver at this point.With those of ordinary skill in the art know such as the non-layout of in ALOHA system, using, import that the reverse channel organization scheme is accessible to be compared at random, under certain environment, use the reverse channel layout to improve the throughput of reverse channel.As following more detailed explanation, be an available full-time part in the single wireless channel frequency that forward and reverse channel time are shared by the reverse channel of layout.Another way is, is the part of time available in second wireless carrier frequency different with the forward channel wireless frequency or whole up durations by the reverse channel of layout.
Referring now to Fig. 2,, system controller 26 comprises cellular zone controller 34, message handling device 36, outbound message memory 38, customer data base 40, telephony interface 42, channel-assignment unit 44, address field unit 46, information field unit 48, data frame unit 51, reaches control frame unit 52.Cellular zone controller 34 combines with radio-frequency (RF) transmitter 28 and receiver 30 (Fig. 1) by link 54.Cellular zone controller 34 is comprising that the outbound message of selective call address is attached to transmitter and receiver, and control transmitter and receiver send the agreement cycle that comprises outbound message.Cellular zone controller 34 is also handled the inbound messages from transceiver 32.Inbound messages is received by transmitter and a plurality of fixing receiver, and is attached to cellular zone controller 34.The message handling device of determining route and processing messages is attached to telephony interface 42, customer data base 40, reaches outbound message memory 38.Telephony interface 42 processing and exchanging telephone networks 24 (PSTN) physical connection (Fig. 1) connects and disconnects the call of telephone link 50, and the audio signal route between definite telephone link 50 and the message handling device 36.
Example as system controller 26 operations, when outbound message has been transferred to the predetermined call transceivers of selecting 32, this message is presented on the display of transceiver 32 by user's behavior, message response is passed controller 26 back from transceiver 32, and this message response is identified as the user who is produced by transceiver 32 when confirming by message handling device 36, then finished the transmission that is stored in the outbound message in the outbound message memory 38.In this example, message handling device 36 produces another message that sends to the outbound message originator, so that this message of notice originator is confirmed by transceiver 32.
Address field unit 46 combines with customer data base 40, outbound message memory 38, information field unit 48 and control frame unit 52.Information field unit 48 and then combine with outbound message memory 38 and control frame unit 52.Control frame unit 52 and then combine with cellular zone controller 34.Channel-assignment unit 44 combines with data frame unit 51.Address field unit 46 will revert to the message that will transmit from the layout of outbound message memory 38 in upcoming transmission cycle.The relevant selective call address and the length of message are determined to the message (from customer data base 40) of each recovery in address field unit 46.The length of message is attached to information field unit 48.
When information is that the short message of being scheduled to one of is gathered, for example confirm or during response command, perhaps work as information less than first predetermined length, when being triliteral length in the following here example of this length, then this message is attached to control frame unit 52 by information field unit 48, is included in the information field by control frame unit 52 control frame of place, starting position assembling in control frame as short message grouping.Control frame unit 52 is attached to address field unit 46 to the starting position of short message, and this produces the subvector relevant with the selective call address and points out the starting position.Term " vector " or " subvector " are meant the multiple bit fields of data, such as the affirmation vector of the present invention of wireless transmission in signal.The length of each short message in predetermined short message set is to indicate in each predetermined message, and less than second length, this length is nine word lengths in this example.For example, depend on the number of the predetermined length response packet that transceiver 32 is being resend by order, order transceiver 32 is carried out from 4 to 8 word length variable lengths of short message of automatic repeat requests.The length of each short message in the predetermined message set is not included each short message in by control frame unit 52.The selective call address that has subvector then is attached to control frame unit 52, and is assembled to by control frame unit 52 in the address field of same control frame at this short message grouping place.
When information is not that the short message of being scheduled to one of is gathered, or length is when being equal to or greater than first predetermined length, message is attached to data frame unit 51 by information field unit 48, by the position that control frame unit 52 or data frame unit 51 begin, include the information field of control frame or the Frame that is being assembled respectively in as long message grouping in control frame or Frame.Control frame unit 52 or Frame 51 make the starting position of the long message in control or the Frame and the length of long message be attached to information field unit 48, and this field produces the vector grouping that is attached to and is covered the message part of control frame by control frame unit 52.Less than the vector of the 3rd predetermined length, this is less than six word lengths in this example, the starting position and the length of the long message of indication.Control frame unit 52 is attached to address field unit 46 to the starting position of the grouping of the vector in the control frame, and this produces the relevant subvector in selective call address with indication vector grouping starting position.The selective call address that has subvector then is assembled in the address field of the same control frame that comprises the vector grouping by control frame unit 52.
When system comprises channel more than a forward, for example have three systems that can be used for the radio frequency of wireless signal broadcasting simultaneously, 44 pairs of Frames of channel-assignment unit carry out layout so that transmission on one of a plurality of forward channels.Under this situation, data frame unit 51 will be attached to information field unit 48 to Frame in the indication of which channel, as the part indication of long message starting position, so that include in the vector grouping that is produced by control frame unit 52.
Should see, for in selective call transceiver 32, improving battery life, selective call address at the message of particular transceiver 32 is comprised in the control frame in transmission cycle precalculated position, makes that 32 need of transceiver entered conventional power mode when the predetermined control frame began.
System controller 26 is the call terminal of MPS2000 by the model that the motorola inc in Illinois State Schaumburg city makes preferably, and uses unique according to the preferred embodiment of the invention firmware or software unit described here to revise.Cellular zone controller 34, message handling device 36, outbound message memory 38, customer data base 40, telephony interface 42, channel-assignment unit 44, address field unit 46, information field unit 48, data frame unit 51 and control frame unit 52 are preferably in the call terminal part of model MPS2000 and realize, this includes but not limited to provide program storage, central processing unit, I/O periphery, and those parts of random access storage device.Controller is to use the call terminal of the model E09PED0552PageBridg that is made by the motorola inc in Illinois State Schaumburg city to realize in addition.Customer data base 40 and departures memory 38 realize in addition that as magnetic or disk storage this can be in the outside of controller 26 in addition.
System controller 26 is the call terminal of E09PED0552PageBridg by the model that the motorola inc in Illinois State Schaumburg city makes preferably, uses the modification of dedicated firmware according to the preferred embodiment of the invention described here or software unit.Controller can use the call terminal of the MPS2000 that is made by the motorola inc in Illinois State Schaumburg city to realize in addition.Customer data base is realized as magnetic or disk storage in addition.
Receiver 30 preferably includes the receiver by the Nucleus model of motorola inc's manufacturing in Illinois State Schaumburg city, and its function that has only is added the standard model to.The function that has only is to provide by firmware or software routine that the technology of knowing according to those skilled in the art is developed.
Receiver 30 is operated in first type or second type of system.First wireless carrier frequency was shared by forward channel and reverse channel time in first type of system, forward channel is used for from transmitter with the forward channel wireless signal to one or more transceiver transmissions information that identify, and reverse channel is used for from the transceiver that identifies with the response of reverse channel wireless signal to receiver transmission layout.Antenna intercepting forward channel wireless signal, this signal comprises telephone signal, digital massage and order.
In second type of system, the forward wireless channel is in two different wireless frequencies with reverse wireless channel, and transmitter sends order with two wireless signals: have the forward channel wireless signal as first wireless carrier frequency of forward channel wireless frequency, and have reverse channel wireless signal as second wireless carrier frequency of reverse channel wireless frequency, though the forward of order and reverse transmission not necessarily must be simultaneously.Like this, in the first and second type systems, because the response of order and layout sends with same frequency, so only need to receive a kind of frequency so that recover to be used for producing control signal and carry out the order and the layout response of response test.
Inbound messages is to be sent by the inbound data rate of selective call transceiver 32 with base or acquiescence.Base inbound data rate is one of in the inbound data rate group of being scheduled to.Here the example of the data transfer rate that uses is 1600,6400 or 9600 bps (bps).In the predetermined inbound data rate group each is relevant with each predetermined modulator approach.Cellular zone controller 34 receives and has from the signal quality of customer data base 40 by each inbound messages of receiver reception.Signal quality is by the received signal intensity indicating circuit (RSSI) in the receiver 30, and the mode of knowing with those skilled in the art during message sink is determined.The other technology of the known definite signal quality of those skilled in the art such as the error rate that comprises error detection bit, also can be used equally.Cellular zone controller 34 and customer data base 40 couplings, and storage signal quality indicator and time of this designator of reception in the customer data base relevant with transceiver 32.Cellular zone controller 34 also uses the value of signal quality, and the value and year useful life of the signal quality that obtains from the previous inbound messages with transceiver 32 associated storage, determine to be stored in the renewal of the inbound data rate of the optimization in the customer data base 40 relevant with transceiver 32.Also optimize the inbound data rate from the group selection of inbound data rate.
For example, in order to use other characteristic such as transmitter in the system and receiver number etc. to optimize, select base inbound data rate when installing such as system performances such as cost and topped scopes in system.Base inbound data rate is included in the part of departures wireless signal, and this signal is decoded by all selective call receivers that receive outbound message during transmission cycle, and is used by each inbound messages acquiescence that receiver 32 sends.Yet more describe in detail as following, in some part of some inbound messages, also use the inbound data rate of optimizing at least.Should be noted that under a lot of situations, for the inbound data rate of given its optimization of receiver greater than base inbound data rate.When outbound message may produce the inbound messages of minimum predetermined length, 34 optimization inbound data rates relevant with the receiver of this receiver outbound message appointment of cellular zone controller were included in the outbound message, and this is a unique aspect of the present invention.For example, when predetermined inbound data rate preferred group is made up of four data transfer rates, can use two of outbound message to be transmitted to the inbound data rate of the preferred group optimization of the inbound data rate of being scheduled to.
Cellular zone controller 34 also combines with the receiver data storehouse that is used for storing therein to by the state of the synchronous mode of each receiver 30 of controller 26 controls.As the following stated here, each receiver 30 is in one of two kinds of patterns: synchronous or asynchronous.The receiver of first type always is in asynchronous mode.The second type receiver is in synchronous mode usually, but can retreat into asynchronous mode, for example when the sync section at receiver breaks down.This retreating by receiver reports to cellular zone controller 34.
Cellular zone controller 34 is the relevant receiver position of storage and each selective call transceiver 32 in customer data base also.The station location marker relevant with each transceiver 32 is confirmed as most possibly receiving from transceiver 32 receiver 30 of next inbound messages.When preset time in the time limit with predetermined minimum signal quality level when transceiver receives previous response, the position is determined.When a plurality of copy of receiving from transceiver 32 from the response message of a plurality of transmitters 30, this position determined by such receiver 30, each the wireless transmission indication highest signal quality from a plurality of portable selective call transceivers of this receiver to receiving recently.When the outbound message of expecting certain transceiver 32 produces response message, such as confirming or specified response message, cellular zone controller 34 recovers the synchronous mode by the relevant receiver 30 of the position the customer data base 40 and transceiver 32 from the receiver data storehouse, and the front end designator of sign receiver synchronous mode is included in outbound message.When in the given time not when transceiver 32 is received the signal quality level of enough levels, asynchronous mode is indicated by the front end designator in the outbound message.
Referring to Fig. 3, sequential chart illustrates the forward and the reverse channel wireless signal of system 20.The forward channel wireless signal of transmission is in first wireless carrier frequency during forward channel frame 60.The reverse channel wireless signal of transmission is in second wireless carrier frequency during reverse channel frame 62.
60 duration of forward channel frame be from forward channel frame boundaries 64 to next forward channel frame boundaries 65, carry out in the meantime from the forward channel transmission of wireless signals of transmitter to one or more selective call transceivers that identified of first type of system.The forward channel frame boundaries is preferably with 1.875 seconds of rule period transmission, and with reference to first frame boundaries of each hour first transmission cycle of accurately occurring of starting point place, wherein horal starting point uses standard time capital construction upright.Frame duration is alternately also alternately used on an equal basis.The forward channel wireless signal comprises from the wireless signal of one or more orders of transmitter transmission.Forward channel frame synchronization and message part 66 and a plurality of departures forward information 68 and 70 are transmitted in the forward channel wireless signal by transmitter.Each of a plurality of outbound messages is made up of the data word 72 of a plurality of equal duration, and these words are to use outbound data rate and the general relevant modulation-frame that the forward channel is scheduled to send.The outbound data rate is 1600,3200 or 6400 bps (bps), and modulation scheme is two or four horizontal FM.62 duration of reverse channel frame are to next reverse channel frame boundaries 76 from reverse channel frame boundaries 74, and comprising a plurality of predetermined reverse channel time slot 78 of equal duration, that time slot is to use acquiescence or base inbound data rate sends with relevant modulation scheme.Response message is sent out as a plurality of data units 80,82 and 84, and each data unit comprises a plurality of data symbols and extends to one or more reverse channel time slots 78.A response message comprises one or more such data units.Each data unit 80,82 and 84 is that the order 86 that response is received in one of departures forward message 68 and 70 sends from the transceiver that identifies.
Each frame synchronization and message part 66 comprise frame synchronization mode, this mode flag forward channel frame boundaries 64 and 65, it is synchronous to set up data symbol (data transfer rate), and the information of describing reverse channel skew 88 is included in reverse channel frame boundaries 74 as several reverse channel time slots 78.The time started of each set off forward message 68 and 70 is for example defined with respect to forward channel frame boundaries 64 by number of words.Order 86 is included one or more departures forward message 68 and 70 in by controller 26, and the response time that the transceiver by selective call address relevant with transceiver in the customer data base 40 (Fig. 2) and sign begins to send with the reverse channel wireless signal layout of data unit identifies one of selective call transceiver.Order 86 comprises the data unit designated length, with the number as reverse channel time slot 78.Departures forward message 68 and 70 also may comprise data 90, such as alphabetical information message.Each data unit 80,82 and time started of 84 be with respect to next reverse channel frame boundaries 76 layouts, for example as data unit 84, and the time slot that this data unit layout begins after the time slot in being included in skew 92.
By the reception of the 32 pairs of forward channel frames of selective call transceiver in the system 20 and reverse channel frame 62 the desired forward channel frame 60 of transmission, reverse channel frame 62, data word or word 72, data symbol, reverse channel skew 88 and reverse channel time slot 78 synchronously, determine from forward channel frame synchronization and message part 66.When transceiver 32 receiving forward channel wireless signals, transceiver 32 pack processing are contained in the departures forward message 68 and 70 in the forward channel wireless signal, and the forward message 68 and 70 that sets off this moment comprises the selective call address of transceiver 32.When order 86 is ordered by transceiver 32 receptions in response, transceiver 32 with selective call address relevant with response command by the response time of the layout of controller 26 orders, for example sends the data unit 80,82 and one of 84 of the layout with data designated unit length in order 86.The order 86 of being received in departures forward message 68 and 70 by the transceiver of sign and marked from outbound message 68 and 70 data units 80,82 and 84 to layout by arrow line in Fig. 3 from the corresponding relation between the marshal data unit 80,82 and 84 of transceiver 32, an one example are to be connected to the line 94 that the layout be made up of data unit 80 responds from the order of finishing forward message 70.Another example is a line 96, and this line is to be connected to the reverse channel frame shown in Fig. 3 from order (not shown Fig. 3, and finish in the forward channel frame more Zao than the forward channel frame shown in Fig. 3 60).
Each data unit 80,82 and 84 that sends from selective call transceiver 32 itself is complete, promptly comprises in the unit of all information of receiver 30 needs, to detect and the data unit 80,82 and 84 of the layout of decoding.The data unit 80,82 and 84 that is each layout comprises synchronous mode, is used for the unique address of data unit, transceiver and demodulates information and the decoding that transmits the data unit length that sends.Each data unit begins with the first that base inbound data rate sends, and the second portion that sends with the inbound data rate of optimizing finishes (the inbound data rate that should be noted that optimization can equate with base inbound data rate).
Forward and reverse channel message that system controller 26 is responsible in the arranging system 20 transmit.Controller is by PSTN receiving forward channel message data.The controller basis is by the format rule such as synchronous paging protocol regulations such as RedFlex50 paging protocols, produce the forward channel data, this is a kind of synchronous time division multiplexing two-way radio communications system agreement, and forward channel message data is relayed to the selective call transceiver by the aerial base transmitter that sends the forward channel data.Controller also receives the reverse channel message by itself and being connected of receiver and transmits data.The transmission that receiver 30 receives from the reverse channel of passing through the space of portable transceiver, and a data of receiving sends to controller for handling.Receiver sends synchronously so that monitor the reverse channel that is used to import from the transmission of transceiver effectively with the forward channel that is produced by controller.The base transmitter receives the formative forward channel data of self-controller, and by sending data to transceiver in the air.Transceiver is the small portable message delivery unit (PMU) that comprises limited storage and disposal ability.These unit rely on the layout part of controller access reverse channel.Transceiver keep sending synchronously with forward channel and the forward channel data decode to determine the characteristic of reverse channel.These unit can send message complete or segmentation on reverse channel when the controlled device order is done like this.Receive by receiver from the transmission of transceiver.
The time synchronization protocol specified data that is used for transmitting at system's 20 forwards and reverse channel message is by frame formatting, and each duration is 1.875 seconds.The one-period of frame is made up of 128 frames and 4 minutes transmitting time is arranged.On forward channel, per hour there are 15 frame periods to send.
The function of the assembly of system 20 and operation more detailed description and reFLEX illustrates in four following United States Patent (USP)s and following 4 U.S. Patent applications, all these transfer assignee of the present invention, and all these at this in conjunction with the conduct reference: the name of authorizing people such as Siwiak on October 17th, 1989 is called the patent No.4 of " frequency division multiplexing confirms to return paging system ", 875,083; The name of authorizing people such as Leonardo May 22 nineteen ninety is called the patent No.4 of " having message stores and the call terminal devices and methods therefor that resends function ", 928,096; The name of authorizing people such as Nelson on December 1st, 1992 is called the patent No.5 of " time division multiplexing selected calling system ", 168,493; The name of authorizing people such as Bruckert February 14 nineteen ninety-five is called the patent No.5 of " method and apparatus that is used to select to serve transceiver ", 390,339; It is 08/404,698 patent application that, name that submit by 15 days March nineteen ninety-five of people such as Ayerst is called " method and apparatus that is used for organizing and recovering the wireless communication system information transmitted ", sequence number; It is 08/283,369 patent application that, name that submit by people such as Ayerst on August 1st, 1994 is called " method and apparatus that is used for the message sink of improved fixed system receiver ", sequence number; It is 08/398,263 patent application that, name that submit by 3 days March nineteen ninety-five of people such as Budnik is called " method and apparatus that is used to optimize the data transfer rate of wireless communication system ", sequence number; And, name that submit by 3 days March nineteen ninety-five of people such as Ayerst to be called " being used for optimizing the synchronous method and apparatus of wireless communication system receiver ", sequence number be 08/398,274 patent application.
As shown in Figure 4, each Frame 60 that sends in forward channel is made up of sync section 100 (115ms duration) and 11 data blocks 102 (each 160ms duration).Data block 102 comprises the forward channel data that are divided into block message, address, vector sum message data field.The reverse channel and the forward channel that are used for transmitting to the inbound message of system controller are time synchronized, and form (each is approximately 16.04ms in the following duration of 9600bps) by sending time slots 78.1.875 the signal frame time of second comprises the sending time slots of some number in the 0-115 scope.The number of the time slot 78 of every frame 60 depends on that it still is Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) pattern that system 20 is operated in time division duplex (TDD) pattern.The part 103 of reverse channel time slot scope is designated as layout and sends part, and the remainder 104 of sending time slots is designated as non-layout or time slot A LOHA part.Controller is specified sending time slots to transceiver by forward channel vector field data.
Referring now to Fig. 5,, is sent as data cell (DU) form from the reverse channel of selective call transceiver.Data cell is the transmission packet by the layout of system validation.Data cell or data unit sequence must be leading with the initial address unit always.In any data cell 12 CRC that are used to detect mistake.This data cell is made of the grouping of some integer.This number is variable and is determined by scheduler program beginning transmission place.In case message has been specified data unit length (according to the packet count of every data cell), this length can not change in the duration that message sends.The id number that each data cell appointment one is used for the ARQ process.The structure of signal packets is shown in Table 1.Alternatively, use a plurality of Packet Data Units 126 and 128 as shown in Figure 5.The transmission of transceiver by or form for leading single data cell 120 with initial address unit 124 (SAU), or by forming for several leading continuous data cells 122 with initial address unit 124 (SAU), each DU or be made up of single sending time slots perhaps is made up of a plurality of sending time slots.SAU comprises heading message, and the other DU that follows this SAU comprises message data.See Table the table 1 that shows the expression of position in the single data cell.
Table 1
Single packet data cell (standard type)
D-DU identification number (ID)
I-information bit, wherein i
LBe least significant bit, and i
LIt is highest significant position.
The c-CRC-12 position
The parity check bit that p-obtains from Reed-Suo Luomeng (31,23) code simple version
p
e-selected parity check bit makes that preceding 5 arithmetic sums with this are even number
ARQ scheme of the present invention provides reliable and effective reverse channel message to deliver to reverse channel message.This scheme is different from traditional sliding window ARQ agreement of wherein transmission and receiver side self contained function.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, wish to send message in case determined specific transceiver, then controller has when layout reverse channel is sent and to when confirming the control fully of their reception.The ARQ scheme makes controller, is also referred to as network operation center (NOC), can order to resend to have the message that mistake receives, and the transmission that can recover on forward or the reverse channel is lost.The ARQ scheme makes system 20 can require to resend the message of receiving that has mistake, and the transmission that recovers on forward or the reverse channel is lost.
Transceiver " keeps and asks " the ALOHA grouping and the transmission of the one or more layouts of initialization by at first 33 transmissions of the terminal in reverse channel time slot A LOHA part.(referring to Fig. 4).See Table and show the every table 2 that keeps in the request vector.
Table 2
Keep request vector
| Packet type | D 14 | D 13 | D 12 | D 11 | D 10 | D 9 | D 8 | D 7 | D 6 | D 5 | D 4 | D 3 | D 2 | D 1 | D 0 |
| Keep request | ??0?????????0?????0????1 | l 10l 9l 8l 7l 6?l 5?l 4?l 3?l 2?l 1?l 0 | |||||||||||||
L-is the length (1-2048) that the message of unit keeps with the byte
l
10l
9l
8…l
1l
0
1) 00 ... 00--＞1 byte
1) 00 ... 01--＞2 bytes
Ll ... ll--＞2048 bytes
In addition, to greater than 2048 message, send the long request vector that keeps by transceiver.Referring to the long every table 3 that keeps in the request vector of expression.
Table 3
The long request vector that keeps
| Packet type | D 14 | D 13 | D 12 | D 11 | D 10 | D 9 | D 8 | D 7 | D 6 | D 5 | D 4 | D 3 | D 2 | D 1 | D 0 |
| The long reservation, ask | ??0???0????1????0 | k 10?k 9?k 8?k 7?k 6?k 5?k 4?k 3?k 2?k 1?k 0 | |||||||||||||
K-is the length (2048+8*k that the message of unit keeps with the byte
(k10 ... k1k0))
000 ... 00--＞2048+8*1 byte
000 ... 01--＞2048+8*2 byte
111 ... 10--＞2048+8*2047 byte
111 ... 11--＞to allowing to be longer than the request of 18424 bytes.Up to the application layer of realizing, so that the definite size of reporting system controller message.
Two kinds keep the numerical metric that request vector comprises at least one message-length.When receive keeping request or long reservation request and send, controller is determined the length of message and for the approximate position of the selective call transceiver of nearest receiver originating information.Alternatively, controller is determined the transceiver apparent position by the last registration and the location interrogation grouping that are sent by transceiver.Referring to the every table 4 in expression record and the location interrogation grouping.When transceiver changes regional that it was positioned at, send the grouping of record and location interrogation.
Table 4
Record and location interrogation grouping
| Packet type | D 14 | D 13 | D 12 | D 11 | D 10 | D 9 | D 8 | D 7 | D 6 | D 5 | D 4 | D 3 | D 2 | D 1 | D 0 |
| Record and location interrogation | ?0??????1?????1????0 | r???r???r??z 7?z 6??z 5?z 4?z 3?z 2?z 1?z 0 | |||||||||||||
Z-is with forward channel block message word format type f
3f
2f
1f
0=1110 zone definitions positions (LSB) of receiving.When to new forward channel regional record or response position inquiry, use.
Positional information is used by system controller then, so that for sending reusing of scheduled frequency from each selective call transceiver reverse channel simultaneously.Can the phase mutual interference if several transceivers are separated from each other enough far away, this is by determining geographical position that transceiver is approximate and specifying the controller of identical sending time slots to realize to these several transceivers.Below this novel aspect of the present invention will be described in more detail.
If the transmission of system controller initialization selective call transceiver, then can obtain positional information from " record and location interrogation response " ALOHA grouping (referring to table 4), this grouping is to be sent by " location interrogation " order that the transceiver response sends in the vector of " to the PMU order ".Under two kinds of situations, because transceiver forms the transmission of layout when by control order, so the position of transceiver is updated, the permission controller is left the nearest information that frequency is reused consideration.
Transmission on all selective call transceiver reverse channel is the identification that oneself keeps initial address, signature, transmission length etc. fully.Thereby controller can order two or more transceivers to send (allowing the reverse channel frequency to reuse like this) in the identical or overlapping time in the zone that identical forward channel is broadcasted simultaneously, if and each user captures different receivers, then these receivers can be told different users.
Controller responds " keeping request " by sending " permission that reverse channel keeps " vector in forward channel to transceiver.The permission vector that reverse channel keeps is used to refer to the time started and and the duration of the reverse channel transmission of layout.System provides reverse channel layout visit partly to transceiver by this vector.Referring to the every table 5 in the permission vector of describing the reverse channel reservation.
Table 5
Reverse channel keeps permission
V-vector type V
3V
2V
1V
0=1011-reverse channel keeps permission
S-sign (the 0-127 decimal system)
The packet count of a-data cell
(min=2, max=8) (so that unit-SAU/DU), w=001 indication window size is 2, w=111 indication window size is 8 to the size of sliding window to w-for the ARQ scheme.
The frame number that f-begins from present frame (0-63).
P-begins grouping (p
7p
6P
1p
0The classified counting that)=from reverse channel begins
The reservation length of the l-unit of pressing (SAU/DU)
X-Std4 bit check character
In case received " reverse channel keeps permission " vector, then receiver turns to message format with initial address unit (SDU) and is leading DU.SAU and each DU comprise 4 bit-identify codes and 12 Cyclic Redundancy Check.Referring to every table 6 of describing in the initial address unit vector.
Table 6
The initial address unit
The packet count of the every data cell of A (1-8)
A
2A
1A
0
1 grouping of the every data cell of 000-
2 groupings of the every data cell of 001-
8 groupings of the every data cell of 111-
Number of data units during l-sends
l
2l
1l
0
000-1 data unit
001-2 data unit
The initial address unit is first grouping that the message of layout sends.It comprises the address message length and the out of Memory of the transmission transceiver that is used by system when processing messages.The initial address unit is a block length always, and comprises 12 CRC, to be used to detect the mistake in the grouping.Initial address unit in the transmission before first data cell indication 1.) packet count in the data cell, and the 2.) number of data units in sending.
The selective call transceiver is beginning to send data by controller specified time slot in " reverse channel keeps permission " vector then.The system controller maintenance comprises the data structure of the data cell state of each reception, and uses this information in " to the PMU order " or " to the PMU order that has layout " vector the ACK sign to be set.Each data cell comprises and is used for the CRC of integrality of the data that verification receives.When each data cell is received by controller, CRC is assessed and is placed into the message memory of controller.
After receiving transmission, system controller sends " to the PMU order " or " to the PMU order that has layout " vector to the selective call transceiver that has the affirmation information that is attached to reverse channel message.Referring to every table 7 of describing in the vector of PMU order.
Table 7
The order of PMU
V-vector type V
3V
2V
1V
0=1001-orders to PMU
S-sign (the 0-127 decimal system).
T-type of message (5)
00000-is used for the ACK/NACK information that reverse channel sends
01010-location interrogation (being sent out ALOHA).
The request of 11001-state
11111-abandons
(ACK=1, NACK=0) sign is corresponding to unit 8 (SAU/DU) for the b-Ack sign.
(ALOHA) response of the not layout that g-is required.
(9) that r-is retained
X-Std4 bit check character
Vector to the PMU order is used for transmitting control message to transceiver, and is provided for the affirmation information of reverse channel.This vector does not have relevant message in message field.System will use this vector that such information or solicited message such as ACK are provided.
If desired, except confirmation, the vector of " to the PMU order that has layout " has the system of making and can send the field that another keeps permission, makes the selective call transceiver to proceed long transmission and/or to resend DU by controller
sNACK ' d.Referring to the every table 8 in the vector of describing " to the PMU order that has layout ".
Table 8
Order to the PMU that has layout
V-vector type V
3V
2V
1V
0=1100-is to the PMU order that has arrangement information
S-sign (the 0-127 decimal system).
T-type of message (5)
00000-is used for the ACK/NACK information that reverse channel sends
The 00110-main frame is busy.
10101-resends a transmission.
11111-abandons.
(ACK=1, NACK=0) sign is corresponding to unit 8 (SAU/DU) for the b-Ack sign.
(ALOHA) response of the not layout that g-is required.
F-is from present frame start frame number (0-127)
P-begins grouping (p
7p
6P
1P
0The classified counting that)=from reverse channel begins
Reservation length (l in the l-data cell
2l
1l
0)
(8) that r-is retained
X-Std4 bit check character
When providing order or confirmation, allow system's prescribed response arrangement information to the vector of the PMU order that has arrangement information to transceiver.This vector is mainly used in the state information that the ARQ that required transceiver is sent confirms the request transceiver, provides arrangement information to response simultaneously.Function control device in the selective call transceiver keeps comprising the data structure of ACK flag state position to 15 data unit.As long as given data cell is received NACK, according to given arrangement information in the vector of " to the order of the PMU that has layout ", transceiver resends this data cell.
The ACK tag field of predetermined bit position in the vector that selective call transceiver check receives (to the order of PMU or to the order of the PMU that has layout), and determine that based on the place value of ACK mark which DU of the group of the DU that sent must be resend.Shown in table 7 and 8, eight ACK marks (b0 is to b7) are arranged in this vector.This is half of maximum number that may be distributed to the authentication code of data cell by transceiver just.Then if necessary, transceiver carries out another transmission of the sequence set of DU.Transceiver or resend incorrect data cell is perhaps proceeded the new data cell of same message, perhaps carries out both combinations.This process proceeds to whole message and is successfully received by controller, perhaps owing to the response time then sends failure.
The selective call transceiver preferably identifies (ID) number to initial address unit and data cell allocation identification code, and from 0 to 15 always guarantees that the data cell relevant with id number was identified before reusing ID circularly.Because transceiver to message fragment designated data unit number, and keeps tracking to this information in inside in inside, the message fragment number on historical facts or anecdotes border does not send by aerial.Affirmation information by aerial transmission is attached to the data cell that is sent recently by transceiver.The ARQ sliding window is limited the number of the assignable ID that is not identified of transceiver.Controller also keeps the tabulation of the ID that received and be identified.This makes the controller more DU of layout effectively.
If system controller does not receive by the reverse channel of layout and sends, then can not discern forward channel transmission (keep and allow) or reverse channel transmission (SAUs/DUs) and whether lose.Under two kinds of situations, controller uses type of message " to resend and sent last time " vector of transmission " to the PMU order that has layout ".The selective call transceiver responds by sending data cell collection last time that was once sent by order.When receiving that this resends, controller just can specified data unit number and series of windows number (being the state of transceiver), and synchronous again with these numbers.
The scope of sequentially using 0-15 by the selective call transceiver is to information designated data unit number.Transceiver keeps which message fragment has been sent to the tracking of system controller.Controller uses specified DU number response transceiver.Like this, controller is not also known the physical number of message fragment, and promptly each DU only knows the DU number of receiving in transmission.
The system limited to this inbound message transfer capability uses the ARQ method of optimizing of the present invention, and operational processes, storage and transmission demand to selective call transceiver in the two-way paging system are minimized.The present invention also provides the possibility that the reverse channel frequency is reused.System controller is specified transmission frequency, time started and duration, and by checking the identification number of the message of receiving from transceiver before being attached to recently, determines which receiver will receive the transmission from transceiver.If separately so that they each other can not the phase mutual interference, at this moment controller can be determined the geographical position that transceiver is approximate to all transceivers, and specifies identical sending time slots to several transceivers fully.
Below three examples explained in use and the mistake recovery when when being sent in forward and reverse channel on, losing from selective call transceiver ACK mark and DU number during the long reverse channel of system controller sends.
Referring now to Fig. 6,, first example is represented the various states and the data cell number of ARQ window, and how they are mapped to the relevant ACK position that arrives forward channel.Shown in Fig. 7,8,9,10 and 11, when the reverse channel transmitting time that controller affirmation reverse channel sends and layout is additional, the transaction sequence between system controller and transceiver or the PMU (individual message delivery unit).Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that radio frequency sends exchange between system controller 26 and the call transceivers 32.Originally, transceiver sends the reservation request vector shown in the table 2.Position D14 to D11 is vectorial or as the reservation request vector to the message of length between 1 to 2048 byte that perhaps conduct is to the reservation request vector of length greater than the length of the message of 2048 bytes.Position D10 is just making the length of the message of reservation to the D0 indication to it.Make to keep and ask into the ALOHA type.Controller determines to carry the quality of signals that keeps request vector, and the quality of response reservation request signal, determines at least one each size of grouping of dividing into groups.In this example, the length of message is 190 bytes, and this is to equal 1520 by the byte of recognizing 190 8 to calculate, and the every data cell of this example hypothesis (may be because low channel quality) has only a grouping.First group capacity of every data cell is 98.Message in this example needs 15.4 data unit, but owing to require the integer of data cell, so required total data unit number is 16 in this example.After receiving the reservation request, the reverse channel reservation that controller sends as shown in Figure 5 allows vectorial.Each data cell comprises at least one grouping.Each grouping comprises the part of at least one data cell.
Referring now to Fig. 7,, originally the state of sliding window or window all is zero to all 16 ACK signs, and the preceding and back edge of window all is in ACK sign (being that ACK indicates 0) at system's (being controller) memory with at (being transceiver) memory of PMU.The window of controller shown in the figure and the window of transceiver are respectively the expressions of data block and content thereof in the memory of controller and transceiver.152 couples of 16 all ID of the window 150 of controller and the window of transceiver illustrate zero, this means that all 16 ID do not use.The state that window before the transceiver that sends all " keeping request " vectors as shown in table 2 during sending 140 (referring to Fig. 6) is wherein arranged.Piece 154 is illustrated in to keep and allows after the #1, and controller has sent after " reverse channel the keeps permission " vector shown in the table 5 Window state of controller during transmission 141.The leading edge of piece 154 expression windows has moved to ID#8.Piece 156 expression transceivers respond and receive the DU that " keep and allow 1 " sends afterwards, and also represent the id number of relevant institute with each DU.SAU and eight DU (DU1 is to DU8) are sent out, and its ID is respectively 0 to 7.Piece 158 is illustrated in it and has carried out sending 142 (TX1) (referring to Fig. 6) state of transceiver window afterwards.
Referring now to Fig. 8,, the state representation DUs3 of controller window 160 and 4 receives with being free from mistakes, and consequently, two (ID2 and 3) of ID are still using.ACK attribute field in the vector of " to the PMU order that has layout " of piece 162 expression tables 8.This vector that has this field is sent out as the transmission among Fig. 6 143 to transceiver by controller.The DU that piece 162 expressions are relevant with ID2 and 3 does not receive with having zero defect.Piece 164 is illustrated in the Window state that sends controller after 143, and expression ID2,3,8,9,10 and 11 in use, and the back edge of this window and leading edge move right, but window size is not increased to and surpasses eight.Piece 166 is illustrated in the Window state of transceiver after its affirmation of receiving DU1,2,5,6,7 and 8 successful reception.As the result who successfully receives DU1 and 2, the back edge of transceiver window two ID that moved right.Piece 168 is represented new correlation between the follow-up transmission DU of follow-up data sheet tuple and the ID.Data cell 3 and 4 is resend, and DUs9 to 12 is sent first.In sending 144 (TX2) (referring to Fig. 6) after the transmission of this follow-up DU group, the Window state of transceiver shown in piece 169, the leading edge of window four ID that moved right wherein, keeping window size simultaneously is eight.
Referring now to Fig. 9,, piece 170 is illustrated in the Window state of controller after the subsequent sets that controller receives DU.Piece 170 expression DU3 receive with being free from mistakes; Thereby, ID# 2 be masked as " 1 ", this means that ID# 2 is still in use.Controller is sending transmission during 145 " to the PMU order that has layout " vector (referring to Fig. 6) then.Piece 172 is illustrated in the ACK sign in another " to the PMU order that has layout " vector.Position b
0" 0 " indication DU3 be not identified.Position b
1To b
5" 1 " indication DU4, DU9, DU10, DU11, DU12 inerrably received, and thereby be identified.Piece 174 is illustrated in the Window state that sends 145 (Fig. 6) controller afterwards.The leading edge of piece 174 expression windows four ID that moved right, and during ID# 12 uses now to #15.Piece 176 is illustrated in the state that transceiver receives the transmission 145 transceiver window afterwards of self-controller.Piece 176 expression transceivers identify, and except the DU3 with ID# 2, all previous DU that send are confirmed by controller.
Referring now to Figure 10,, second subsequent sets of piece 180 expression data cells and the relevant ID that in sending 146 (TX3) (referring to Fig. 6), sends thereof by transceiver.Send 146 and comprise a SAU and five DU.Piece 182 is illustrated in the state that sends transceiver window after 146.Five ID of piece 182 expressions in use.Piece 184 is illustrated in the state that controller sends controller window after 146.The piece 184 expressions DU13 relevant with ID# 12 inerrably do not receive.Piece 186 is illustrated in the sign of ACK in the vector of " to the PMU order that has layout ".Position b
1" 0 " indication DU13 be not identified.Position b
0With position b
2To b
4" 1 " indication DU3, DU14, DU15, DU16 inerrably received, and thereby be identified.Controller sends another " to the PMU order that has layout " vector during sending 147 (referring to Fig. 6) then.Piece 188 is illustrated in the state that sends controller window after 147.Piece 189 is illustrated in transceiver and receives the state that sends transceiver window after 147.
Referring now to Figure 11,, the content of the transmission 148 (Fig. 6) that piece 190 expression is formed by transceiver.Send 148 and comprise SAU and DU13 with relevant ID#12.Piece 192 is illustrated in the state that sends transceiver window after 148, and expression has only ID# 12 using.Piece 194 which ID of expression do not have using.This is the result that controller has inerrably been received DU13.The vectorial ACK sign b of " to the PMU order " shown in the piece 196 expression tables 7
0To b
7, this is to send during the transmission shown in Fig. 6 149 (TX4).Piece 196 expression position b
0Have value " 1 ", this means that the data cell that comprises transmission 149 is identified.Piece 198 is illustrated in transceiver and receives the state that sends transceiver window after 149.Piece 198 expressions do not have ID in use.
Referring now to Figure 12,, second example represented following sequence of events.System's (being controller) receives to keep request 200 and send to keep and allows 202.Controller does not receive the transmission 204 from transceiver, and controller resends the reservation permission that sends in 206.Do not receive send 204 reason may be keep on the forward channel allow 202 lose or reverse channel on the losing of transmission 204.If reservation allows 202 to lose, then transceiver receives the reservation that sends in 206 and allows and send its first transmission 208.On the other hand, lose if send 204, then transceiver receive to keep allows 202 twice and resend its last one and send 204.First reservation allows to have and is used to set up the initial information that message sends.If system does not receive the transmission that allows corresponding to first reservation, what then resend is that first reservation allows, rather than the request of " resending a transmission ".
Referring now to Figure 13,, the 3rd example represented the following exchange that sends between transceiver and the system.System's (being controller) receives to keep request 210 and send size and is the reservation request 212 of X.Controller receives the transmission 214 from transceiver, and controller transmission during transmission 216 comprises confirmation and " to the order of the PMU that have layout " of size for the next one reservation permission of Y.Controller does not receive the transmission 218 from transceiver, and controller is sending the vector that the request of using " resending a last transmission " during 220 sends another " to the order of the PMU that has layout ".Sending that reservation in 220 allows is bigger that in two previous permissions of size for X and Y.Do not receive send 218 reason may be send on the forward channel 216 lose or reverse channel on send 218 lose.If lose at " to the PMU order " vector that sends transmission during 216, then transceiver uses " resending a last transmission " request to receive " to the PMU order " vector during sending 220, and transceiver will send its previous transmission during sending 222.This allows controller to determine the state of transceiver, and resends the vector that the next one that comprises confirmation and the big or small Y of being keeps " to the PMU order that has layout " of permission during transmission 224.Yet, to lose if send 218, transceiver uses the request of " resending a transmission " sending during 220 the vector that receives " to the PMU order ", and transceiver will send its previous transmission during sending 26.This permission system determines the state of transceiver, and transmission comprises confirmation and the vector of size for the next one reservation permission of Z " ordering to the PMU that has layout " during transmission 228.
Figure 14 is that system controller realizes that with ARQ the message of reverse channel layout transmits the flow chart of required processing.In step 240, controller is received in " the keeping request " or " long reservation request " in the time slot A LOHA part of reverse channel, and this is that send and by one or more receivers 30 decodings in the system 20 by selective call transceiver 32.In step 242, controller 26 is determined the position of receiver 30 in 32 pairs of systems 20 of transceiver.It is multiplexing that this information is used for realization system 20 medium frequencys, wherein two or more transceivers specified identical or overlapping time slot in the reverse channel of same frequency, is used for the transmission of reverse channel.In step 244, controller sends the signal that comprises " reverse channel keeps permission " vector and is used for sure affirmation to transceiver.If controller is busy, then as shown in step 246, alternatively only send the sure affirmation (" to the PMU order " vector) of following " reverse channel keeps permission " vector thereafter.Because controller layout transceiver sends on reverse channel in the preset time section, so wait for that at step 248 controller reverse channel sends.In step 250, if if sending to be decoded by receiver reception or SAU has mistake, then controller sends another " permission that reverse channel keeps " vector.In step 252, if having mistake by receiver reception transmission and some DU decoding, or message is not received fully by controller that then controller sends the vector of " ordering to the PMU that has layout ".This vector is decoded by transceiver, and comprises the affirmation information that previous DU is sent, and also comprises the reservation information that the next one is sent.In step 254, if sending, reverse channel receives inerrably, and receives message completely by controller that then controller sends " to the PMU order " vector as the positive acknowledgement to full message by receiver.
Figure 15 is for using ARQ to realize that the message of reverse channel layout is transmitted in the flow chart of the processing of transceiver 32 places need.In step 260, before initialization reverse channel layout message, variable " Cnt " is set to zero.In step 262, partly send " keeping request " or " long reservation request " grouping at the time slot A LOHA of reverse channel by transceiver.The timer (not shown) is provided with, and variable " Cnt " increases progressively.Grouping is included in the length of the message that is sent out on the reverse channel.In step 264, if timer receive expired before keeping request responding at transceiver, then increase progressively and compare with predetermined limit the quantity of " n " at step 266 variable " Cnt ".If variable " Cnt " equals to limit the quantity of " n ", then transceiver does not attempt to send this message, and shows suitable message by user interface to the user in step 268.If less than limit the quantity of " n ", then attempt to send once more to keep and ask at step 262 transceiver at step 266 variable " Cnt ".In step 270, if transceiver is received in " to the PMU order " vector or the positive acknowledgement in " permission that reverse channel keeps " vector, vector comprises at least " number of data cell " information and to " grouping size " of at least one grouping (step 272), then makes timer invalid.In step 274, message data is pressed SAU and DU format by transceiver, for sending in the time slot by controller 26 layouts.Wait for the response of self-controller then at step 276 transceiver.In step 278, be such as stick signals such as " permission that reverse channel keeps " vectors if come the response of self-controller, recognize then to be sent in for the first time and lose on the reverse channel that transceiver resends SAU and DU.In step 280, if coming the response of self-controller is the vector of " to the PMU order that has layout ", then transceiver decode in this response vector the affirmation sign and determine whether any negative affirmation, having under the situation of Negative Acknowledgement, transceiver resends the DU that it is received Negative Acknowledgement.Time slot in the reverse channel of in this response vector, having stipulated to be used to send.In addition, if there is more message data to send by transceiver, and the required more time slot of DU of controller distribution ratio transmission Negative Acknowledgement, then extra message data is by the DU format and send to transceiver.In step 282, be " to PMU order " vector if come the response of self-controller, then transceiver decode in this response vector the affirmation sign and recognize and do not distribute the more reverse channel time.If all affirmation signs are sure and do not have more message data to be sent out that then message is sent completely.Yet if any negative affirmation is arranged or also have message data to be sent out, transceiver 32 is waited for from the further instruction of system controller 26 about message.
The present invention provides the reverse channel channeling tools necessary that is implemented in layout in the identical forward channel while broadcast area to system controller 26.And the present invention's permission is independent and homemade by the transceiver transmission and by message and message fragment that fixed system foundation structure receiver or receiver 30 are received.At this moment, the network of distributed non intelligentization receiver can be used for receiving and handle the different messages that the transceiver that separates from geography sends simultaneously on identical channel.In addition, the invention provides the automatic repeat request (ARQ) that is used for the transmission of reverse channel message fully by controller 26 controls.When the reverse channel responding ability is added to paging system, need to realize the ARQ agreement, make that receiving wrong message or message fragment can be resend.The invention provides a kind of ARQ agreement that is applicable to asynchronous system, all controls that wherein are used for the transmission that the selective call transceiver by (promptly from) system 20 carries out reside in controller 26.The ARQ method of expressing among the present invention makes the storage of selective call transceiver and processing requirements become minimum.
Another advantage of the present invention is the multiplexing of reverse channel frequency.When confidential transmission one message of transceiver, to use from the first time of transceiver by system to send, for example ALOHA inbound messages request is so that the position of identification transceiver.The receiver 30 that is correctly decoded any transmission also together is forwarded to controller to the transmission of its ID and the decoding that receives from transceiver.Because system knows the position of each receiver 30 in advance, so controller can be identified in the position that produces the transceiver that sends in the predetermined radius of receiver.Be received if determined the receiver place that the transmission from two different transceivers 32 will fully separate geographically, then controller sends from these transceivers the time on can the identical reverse channel of layout.System's composer can be realized this point, is because it knows that each receiver 30 relevant position reaches relevant communication environments.System's composer can calculate or estimate the signal-to-jamming ratio in each receiver place expection, so that determine whether this is than enough high at each receiver place, when receiver of a plurality of while of layout on channel sends, promptly, can allow the reliable signal decoding that required receiver is sent to each transmission of different receiver purposes.
Figure 16 represents the part of the geographic area of two-way radio communications system 10, and this system comprises a plurality of unit 290 that defined geographical sending zone approaching in the known while broadcast communication of those skilled in the art.This wireless two-way communication system is organized as, and channeling simultaneously can be provided, and promptly " the beep-pager A " in the unit 292 can be by layout, so that send as " beep-pager B " at same channel simultaneously in unit 294.This is due to the fact that promptly these transceivers have sufficient geographical the separation, makes their transmissions separately to be received by different receivers, and relevant signal-to-jamming ratio will enough highly receive so that guarantee reliably.Controling appliance is useful on each the memory in geographical position of a plurality of receivers 30 of storage.Controller comprises a database, and the indication of this database is if the receiver 30 that the transmission of transceiver 32 is arranged into by mark A1 in the unit 292 receives, and at this moment is marked with A2 and will is not used for sending simultaneously from other transceiver by layout to the receiver of A14.Similarly, if the transmission of transceiver is received by the receiver that layout is used for being marked with by unit 294 B1, at this moment be marked with B2 and be not used for simultaneously from other transceiver transmission by layout to the receiver of B12.Send when from Figure 16 as seen, the database of controller will allow layout from two transceivers for receiver A1 and B1 and receive.
ARQ scheme of the present invention allows to be controlled fully by system controller the transmission of transceiver.The present invention allows the reverse channel channeling to be controlled by controller.The preferred embodiments of the present invention form the effective use (this embodiment uses less data word in the forward channel order) to the forward channel, because the single position of each DU is used to refer to the ACK or the NACK state of data cell.The present invention is a kind of " stop and waiting for " agreement, yet this is not disadvantageous for short message (8DU or littler).Short message in paging system in the highest flight.
Be leading message by initial address cell S AU among the transceiver format DU.SAU and each DU have 4 ID and 12 CRC.System sends " to the PMU order " vector that has the affirmation information that is attached to reverse channel message." to having layout PMU command vector " if desired except confirmation, has the system of making and sends the field that another keeps permission.Transceiver sends the new data cell of NACK ' d data cell or message.Transceiver from 0 to 15 distributes id number periodically to initial address unit and data cell, always guarantees that the unit relevant with id number was identified before multiplexing ID.The ARQ window size has applied restriction to the quantity of the unacknowledged ID that can be distributed by transceiver.System also preserves its ID tabulation that receive and that confirm.This makes the more DU of layout effectively of system.If system does not receive by the reverse channel of layout and sends, then it can not be discerned forward channel and sends to keep and allow or reverse channel sends SAU/DU and loses.Under each situation, the vector of transmission that system's use type of message " resends a transmission " " to the PMU order that has layout ".Transceiver believes that by sending it a last data cell collection that will be sent by order responds.System can specified data unit and series of windows number (being the state of transceiver) then, and gets back to those numbers synchronous.
Following example explanation windowing and id number distribute, and are used for the reverse channel message of the layout be made up of 15 DU.Window is a kind of data structure in the memory in the transceiver.Originally window makes all id numbers all can distribute to the data cell that transceiver sends by (representing with 0) transceiver.
0?????????????????????????????7??????????????????????????????15
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Preceding and the back edge of individual window
After sending the reservation request, transceiver receives to keep and allows so that send one group of seven DU.Transceiver sends a SAU and seven DU.It is labeled as ID " in use " (being expressed as 1), and the leading edge of window is moved to next available ID.
0?????????????????????????????7??????????????????????????????15
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
An individual trailing edge leading edge
The information and sending that system receives layout has the vector to the transceiver order of confirmation, and sends the more permission that keeps if desired.Below expression ID 4 and 6 allows as NACK ' d with to the reservation of five DU.
0?????????????????????????????7?????????????????????????????15
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
An individual trailing edge leading edge
Transceiver uses the subsequent sets of the DU of confirmation and transmission to upgrade window.An ID is assigned to SAU and sends five DU, and wherein two DU resend and three DU send for the first time.System receives data, sends to be used for the NACK of ID 10, and provides the reservation permission of six DU.
0?????????????????????????????7?????????????????????????15
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
An individual trailing edge leading edge
Transceiver upgrades window, sends six DU, and one of them is to resend.System receives errorless data and sends the ACK that supplies this transmission.When receiving the whole message of 15 DU of length, no longer send extra arrangement information.
When the reverse channel ability was added in the paging system, it need implement the bidirectional ARQ agreement, made it possible to resend message or the message fragment that mistake is received.The invention provides the ARQ agreement that is suitable for asynchronous system, wherein all control that transceiver is sent resides in the controlled system.Expressed ARQ method has reduced transceiver storage and processing requirements as far as possible among the present invention.It also provides system to realize the reverse channel channeling tools necessary of layout in same forward channel while broadcast area.
Because reverse channel message be " self-control " and since system can determine the most close which receiver of transceiver, so such instrument is provided, so that in single forward channel while broadcast area, use this ARQ scheme to realize the reverse channel channeling of layout with a plurality of transceivers.
If lose message synchronization or other mistake takes place, ARQ scheme of the present invention provides system to rebulid the communication tools necessary.This scheme is asymmetric, and promptly all communicating by letter controlled by system fully between system and the transceiver.The synchronous task of the number of tracking message and maintenance message transport process has been given system fully.
When realizing the two-way choice calling system, must provide affirmation to each reverse channel message or message fragment.Yet the affirmation vector on the forward channel has consumed valuable bandwidth and has increased the delay of message.The delay of the message that the affirmation cycle that the present invention's less consumption forward channel bandwidth and having reduced is transmitted by bi-directional causes.When transceiver (by system) was sent message or message fragment by layout on reverse channel, system provided confirmation signal to transceiver after a while, the indication of whether correctly receiving as message (message fragment).Those wrong message that receive or message fragment are by system's layout again, so that resend by transceiver after a while.In order to preserve channel width and to reduce the delay of message as far as possible, hope can be combined as the affirmation (it is delivered on these channels by system) to several reverse channel message (or message fragment) the single transmission to this transceiver addressing.In the ReFlex50 agreement, this is to realize by id number and/or signature number to each reverse channel message (or the message fragment is also referred to as data cell) specified order.Single forward channel page or leaf or by system in the vector that transceiver is delivered, between (or message fragment) id number of message and the relevant bit position predetermined man-to-man corresponding relation is arranged.Single forward channel page or leaf (or vector) provides the affirmation to a plurality of reverse channel message (or message fragment).In the forward channel vector to the default location of all " ACK positions " be " logical zero " in reverse channel message (or message fragment) when correctly receiving, system is provided with that each relevant ACK position is " logical one " in the reverse channel vector.When sending the ACK vector, receive mistake or the reverse channel message fragment of losing makes their relevant ACK positions be set to logical zero on channel.To prepare to resend by system marks be the message (or message fragment) that mistake receives or loses to transceiver then.Because a plurality of reverse channel message or message fragment (i.e. group) are only delivered a forward channel vector, so the forward channel bandwidth that consumes is less and reduced the delay that ACK feeds back as far as possible.It improves and just to be to allow single forward channel message (or message fragment) that affirmation feedback to a plurality of reverse channel message (or message fragment) is provided.To the forward channel confirm in the bit field on the vector reverse channel message (or message fragment) ID with or signature number and bit position between the one of being scheduled to is provided, also make this improvement become possibility.A kind of method of the present invention is used to receive the signal of authentication code of the appointment of at least one data cell of comprising group and at least one data cell; Signal is decoded to extract information from each of at least one data cell of group respectively; And response is to the decoding of the success of informational message, sends to comprise to confirm respectively from each the data-signal order of PMU vector (for example, to) of information of successful decoding of information of at least one data cell of group.
Though provided DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED, will be appreciated that, can make many remodeling to it under the scope of the present invention not deviating from described in the claim.
Claims (10)
- In the two-way radio communications system by the method for the asymmetric automatic repeat request agreement of system's control, this two-way radio communications system has with at least one transmitter and at least one and is used for controller that the receiver that the message from least one selective call transceiver communicates is connected, message has length and message can be divided into a plurality of data cells, each data cell of a plurality of data cells comprises at least a portion of message, and the method comprising the steps of:Reception is from the reservation request signal of at least one selective calling transceiver, and this reservation request signal comprises the length tolerance of message; AndThe length of response message tolerance, controller are determined the data cell sum of a plurality of data cells that the message by the follow-up transmission of at least one selective call transceiver is divided into.
- 2. the process of claim 1 wherein that each data cell comprises at least one grouping, this grouping comprises at least a portion of a data unit of a plurality of data cells, and its middle controllerDetermine the quality of reservation request signal, andRespond the quality of reservation request signal, determine the size of each grouping of at least one grouping.
- 3. the method for claim 2 comprises the additional step that sends signal at least one selective call transceiver, and this signal comprises at leastIdentifying in a plurality of data cells is one group information with two or more data cells, and this group has some data cells in a plurality of data cells, and its quantity is equal to or less than the sum of data cell, andSend the time started of data sheet tuple by at least one selective call transceiver.
- 4. the method for claim 3, wherein Zu each data cell is respectively by the authentication code sign that is assigned to each data cell, and comprises additional step:Reception comprises the authentication code of the appointment of the signal of at least one data cell in the group and at least one data cell;To signal decoding to extract information from each of at least one data cell of group respectively; AndThe successful decoding of response message information sends a data-signal, and this signal comprises the information of confirming respectively from each of at least one data cell of group of successful decoding of information.
- 5. the method for claim 4, wherein signal comprises an initial address unit.
- 6. the method for claim 4 comprises additional step:Send signal at least one selective call transceiver, two or more data cells that this signal comprises in a plurality of data cells of sign are the information of a subsequent sets, the follow-up transmission that supplies at least one selective call transceiver to carry out, and regulation is sent the time started of subsequent sets by at least one selective call transceiver.
- 7. method that in the selective call transceiver, sends the message comprise a plurality of data cells, each of a plurality of data cells has at least one grouping, and message has length, and the method comprising the steps of:Transmission comprises the signal of at least one message-length tolerance;Reception comprises for the information of the minimal data unit number of this message and to the stick signal of the grouping size of at least one grouping;Response is to the reception of stick signal,Specify a authentication code to each of a plurality of data cells from a plurality of reusable authentication codes that get, andTransmission comprises the authentication code of the appointment of the message of at least one data cell and at least one data cell.
- 8. the method for claim 7 wherein resends the selection number of the data cell of message, and this method comprises additional step:Reception has the data-signal of a plurality of predetermined bit positions, and the predetermined bit position of each of a plurality of predetermined bit positions is corresponding to the authentication code of an appointment of a plurality of reusable authentication codes that get; AndRespond each the value of position of a plurality of predetermined bit positions, selectively resend automatic recurrent signal, this signal comprises at least one data cell that has corresponding to the authentication code of an appointment of a bit position of a plurality of predetermined bit positions, and recurrent signal also comprises the authentication code of an appointment automatically.
- 9. multiplexed two-way radio communications system of synchronous time division, this system has controller and a plurality of portable selective call transceiver, be used for during by the time slot of controller appointment, transmitting message to controller from a plurality of portable selective call transceivers, the multiplexed two-way radio communications system of this synchronous time division has at least one transmitter and a plurality of fixing receiver, message is divided into a plurality of data cells, and this system comprises:The memory at controller place is used to store each geographical position of a plurality of fixedly receivers;At each cellular zone controller that is connected of controller place and a plurality of fixedly receivers, be used for providing signal quality indication signal to each wireless transmission of receiving recently from a plurality of portable selective call transceivers; AndMessage handling device at the controller place, be used to respond each wireless transmission of receiving recently to from least two portable selective call transceivers, layout during a time slot simultaneously wireless transmission from each at least one data cell of at least two portable selective call transceivers of a plurality of portable selective call transceivers.
- 10. selective call transceiver comprises:Be used to receive the receiver to the affirmation signal of a plurality of data cells, this confirmation signal has a plurality of signal bits and confirms;Be used for a plurality of signal bits are confirmed the decoder that decoding is connected with receiver that each signal bits that a plurality of signal bits are confirmed is confirmed a data unit corresponding to a plurality of data cells; AndBe used to send the transmitter of a data unit corresponding to the decoding of the affirmation of the signal bits of a data unit with the decoder connection response.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96180523 CN1127841C (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96180523 CN1127841C (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1239624A true CN1239624A (en) | 1999-12-22 |
| CN1127841C CN1127841C (en) | 2003-11-12 |
Family
ID=5127955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96180523 Expired - Lifetime CN1127841C (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1127841C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101146356B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | A message processing method and device |
| CN101286826B (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2011-08-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Retransmitting method of broadcasted data in network of single frequency |
-
1996
- 1996-12-09 CN CN 96180523 patent/CN1127841C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101286826B (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2011-08-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Retransmitting method of broadcasted data in network of single frequency |
| CN101146356B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | A message processing method and device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1127841C (en) | 2003-11-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1288926C (en) | Data grouping multiplex insertion communication method and emitting and receiving apparatus thereof | |
| CN1096766C (en) | Method and apparatus for organizing and recovering information communicated in a radio comunication system | |
| CN1224189C (en) | An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data according to radio link protocol in a mobile communications system | |
| CN1172463C (en) | Method of assigning uplink random access channel in CDMA mobile communication system | |
| TW313734B (en) | System controlled asymmetrical automatic repeat request protocol method | |
| KR102257098B1 (en) | Data transmission method and device | |
| CN101350700B (en) | System and method for transmitting and receiving common control information in wireless communication system | |
| CN101176371B (en) | Communicating control information in mobile communication system | |
| CN1969475A (en) | Methods and apparatus for cellular broadcasting and communication system | |
| RU2390097C2 (en) | Data transmission and reception method | |
| CN1549567A (en) | Methods and apparatus for acknowledging a paging message via a cellular network control channel | |
| CN1951052A (en) | Apparatus and method for enhanced um rlc data handling | |
| CN1352850A (en) | Apparatus and method for exchanging variable-length data according to radio link protocol in mobile communication system | |
| CN1069154A (en) | Digital cellular overlay network | |
| WO2013091578A1 (en) | Communication method, enb and user equipment | |
| CN102113261A (en) | Scheduling grant information signal transmission in wireless communication system | |
| JP2006121755A (en) | Rrc(radio resource control)-service data unit reception | |
| US8634337B2 (en) | Method for receiving control information and terminal device using the same | |
| US20230133506A1 (en) | Harq-ack feedback method, terminal and base station | |
| CN101938701A (en) | Service dispatching method, equipment and system | |
| US20090161651A1 (en) | Method of transmitting broadcast message in a mobile wireless communication system | |
| WO2020230615A1 (en) | Communication device and communication method | |
| CN101645762A (en) | Downlink scheduling method | |
| TW200814692A (en) | Multicast/broadcast reporting for wireless networks | |
| CN1625861A (en) | Data error control method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: MOTOROLA MOBILE CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MOTOROLA INC. Effective date: 20101230 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20101230 Address after: Illinois Instrunment Patentee after: MOTOROLA MOBILITY, Inc. Address before: Illinois Instrunment Patentee before: Motorola, Inc. |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: Illinois State Patentee after: MOTOROLA MOBILITY LLC Address before: Illinois State Patentee before: MOTOROLA MOBILITY, Inc. |
|
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder |
Address after: Illinois State Patentee after: MOTOROLA MOBILITY, Inc. Address before: Illinois Instrunment Patentee before: MOTOROLA MOBILITY, Inc. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160608 Address after: California, USA Patentee after: Google Technology Holdings LLC Address before: Illinois State Patentee before: MOTOROLA MOBILITY LLC |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20031112 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |