CN1238703C - Method of vibration aging and strain detection for workpiece - Google Patents
Method of vibration aging and strain detection for workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN1238703C CN1238703C CN 200410003053 CN200410003053A CN1238703C CN 1238703 C CN1238703 C CN 1238703C CN 200410003053 CN200410003053 CN 200410003053 CN 200410003053 A CN200410003053 A CN 200410003053A CN 1238703 C CN1238703 C CN 1238703C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for vibration aging and strain detection for workpieces. There is involved a vibration aging equipment. After the vibration aging equipment is located by the workpiece to be treated, the exciter and the acceleration sensor in the vibration aging equipment are located respectively at the workpiece to be treated and are connected respectively to the control box in the vibration aging equipment through conducting wires, the strain sensor is positioned at the workpiece to be treated and is connected with the control box equipped with a strain detection and analysis circuit and of the vibration aging equipment through conducting wires, the control box directly detects the dynamic strain amplitude values, phase, strain detection drop-away values, equivalent dynamic stress values and residual stress drop-away values of the workpiece to be treated through the strain sensor. It can resolve the problems, existing in the prior art, that the same one vibration aging equipment is unable to directly detect the dynamic strain amplitude values, phase, strain detection drop-away values, equivalent dynamic stress values and residual stress drop-away values, and the like, of a workpiece to be treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical workpieces is carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting technical field.
Background technology
At mechanical processing industry, oscillating aging technology is that the rotating speed of the vibrator that links of control system control and the workpiece by oscillating aging equipment makes workpiece produce forced vibration, allow the dynamic stress and the residualinternal stress stack of workpiece forced vibration surpass a certain limit, in the hope of the unrelieved stress of reduction or homogenizing workpiece inside.
According to oscillating aging mechanism and industry standard JB/T5926-91, one of key parameter that influences the oscillating aging technological effect is exactly a dynamic stress.
Conventional vibration timeliness equipment is made up of control box, vibrator, acceleration (amplitude) sensor, jig, rubber blanket, cable etc.
What conventional vibration timeliness equipment adopted for the vibratory response that detects workpiece all is acceleration (or amplitude) sensor.Equipment generally can both be discerned the resonant frequency of workpiece to the variation of rotating speed (feeding back to control box by motor speed measuring device) by looking for its peak point according to acceleration (or amplitude).But during its work, if not by other instruments, and to reach certain dynamic stress value, just can only be rule of thumb or the program that had before woven, vibrator is controlled at certain (or some) rotating speed place to Workpiece vibration a period of time, can comes qualitative detection effect or the variation by workpiece system resonant frequency before and after the vibration relatively to qualitatively judge effect to the variation of time by detecting vibration acceleration (or amplitude) during this.This oscillating aging equipment of making sensor with acceleration (or amplitude) has following shortcoming:
When one, utilizing conventional vibration timeliness vibration equipment timeliness, if must select the rotating speed of a certain dynamic stress value correspondence, just must utilize other specialized equipment outside the conventional vibration timeliness equipment to discern dynamic stress corresponding under the different rotating speeds, and then select the rotating speed of target dynamic stress value correspondence.
Because adopt acceleration (amplitude) sensor, equipment just can only be discerned the acceleration (or amplitude) (or the speed that obtains behind the integration) of workpiece upper sensor set-point and utilize acceleration rotation speed change to be identified the resonant frequency of workpiece system.The people who is familiar with the vibration mechanics theory knows, when not considering conditions such as workpiece shape, size, material, support, can't be only set up the dynamic stress of this point and the one-to-one relationship between the acceleration with any acceleration of workpiece: with the work of simple beam shape is example, during the single order vibration, the middle part acceleration is big, dynamic stress is also big, and the end acceleration is big, but dynamic stress is very little; As seen there is not one-to-one relationship between acceleration and the dynamic stress.So under the inadequate prerequisite of workpiece known conditions, can not find the quantitative number reason relation of dynamic stress and acceleration in theory.
So do the conventional vibration timeliness equipment of sensor owing to can't import preconditions such as workpiece shape, size, material, support with acceleration, can't set up the vibration mechanics model of workpiece, so can't quantitatively discern its corresponding dynamic stress according to the feedback of signals such as acceleration (amplitude), rotating speed, also just can't directly find out to allow the workpiece somewhere reach the required rotating speed of a certain dynamic stress value, also just can't satisfy the requirement that relevant dynamic stress is selected among the JB/T5926-91, just can not guarantee that also oscillating aging reduces or the effect of homogenizing unrelieved stress.In fact, be rule of thumb to select the bigger rotating speed of acceleration to go to carry out timeliness qualitatively mostly during execute-in-place.
Two, adopt the conventional vibration timeliness equipment of acceleration or amplitude sensor not reflect the variation of unrelieved stress in ag(e)ing process in real-time quantitative ground.
Because: the conventional vibration timeliness equipment of making sensor with accelerometer can only be discerned acceleration or amplitude, rotating speed, resonant frequency, usually with the approximate natural frequency of thinking workpiece of resonant frequency, when not having condition such as clear and definite workpiece shape, size, material, support, also can't set up natural frequency and workpiece point or the residualinternal stress of part or the mathematical model of other converting expressing amounts at present in theory.In fact, natural frequency is the scalar about whole vibrational system, and unrelieved stress is the tensor about space distribution, and the difference unrelieved stress may be far inequality, and each component of same point unrelieved stress is also inequality; Known, acceleration and unrelieved stress are irrelevant.So, all can not set up the quantitative relationship of acceleration or amplitude, rotating speed, resonant frequency and unrelieved stress.
Whether in fact, no matter industry standard or operation site are rule of thumb to reach acceleration or amplitude to speed curves or acceleration some variation characteristics to time curve mostly, pass judgment on indirectly, qualitatively to reduce homogenizing unrelieved stress effect and reach.Wonder concrete timeliness effect, just must come quantitative determine effect with the unrelieved stress of other specialized equipment difference measuring workpieces before and after timeliness.
Three, because conventional vibration timeliness equipment adopts acceleration transducer, and acceleration transducer can only detect the vibration signal of a bit, can not reflect the distortion situation of this point of workpiece, as strain, stress signal.So, conventional vibration timeliness equipment naturally can not behind the oscillating aging by directly itself reading by oscillating aging equipment in boring on the workpiece because boring causes the strain relief that near the stress relief the aperture causes, and then to calculate the stress relief value be remaining unrelieved stress behind the oscillating aging, consider the unrelieved stress variation that to know in the oscillating aging process noted earlier, naturally just the preceding residual-stress value of shaking can't be known, the stress elimination factor can't be calculated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting, it can solve the prior art existence, and same oscillating aging equipment can't directly detect the dynamic strain amplitude of processed workpiece and the problem of phase place, dynamic strain release value, equivalent dynamic stress value, unrelieved stress release value and unrelieved stress elimination factor.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: the method for workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting, it has oscillating aging equipment, behind the processed workpiece location, vibrator in the oscillating aging equipment and acceleration transducer are positioned on the processed workpiece respectively, vibrator and acceleration transducer are connected by the control box of lead with oscillating aging equipment respectively, strain transducer is positioned on the processed workpiece, and be connected with the control box that is provided with strain detecting and analysis circuit of oscillating aging equipment by lead, control box directly detects the dynamic strain amplitude of processed workpiece by strain transducer, phase place, strain relief value and equivalent dynamic stress value, the unrelieved stress release value.
For further realizing purpose of the present invention, also can finish by the following technical programs: strain transducer is positioned on processed, utilizes same oscillating aging equipment not only to realize oscillating aging but also realize dynamic strain and stress detection and acceleration (amplitude) detection; Utilize oscillating aging equipment itself both to detect the detectable acceleration of conventional vibration timeliness equipment data such as (amplitudes), directly detect amplitude, the phase place of the dynamic strain of workpiece impact point again and calculate equivalent dynamic stress value, and utilizing oscillating aging equipment itself, real-time quantitative ground detects the strain relief value and the unrelieved stress release value thereof of workpiece in the ag(e)ing process.Record dynamic strain amplitude, equivalent dynamic stress value, strain relief value, unrelieved stress release value be to change in rotational speed, and allow the tested position of workpiece reach to satisfy equivalent dynamic stress value that technology should reach and carry out timeliness quantitatively by adjusting rotating speed.Record dynamic strain amplitude, equivalent dynamic stress value, strain relief value, unrelieved stress release value are to the variation of time, and visual rationing ground is judged effect of vibration stress relief, determined when shutdown.Finish to return to zero again after store the strain relief value earlier the back in the timeliness step, then by punching at the foil gauge or the strain rosette place that are attached on the processed workpiece, utilize oscillating aging equipment itself directly to measure the strain relief value that causes because of punching, and calculate the residual-stress value that still remains in workpiece inside after the timeliness that discharges because of punching with this, residual-stress value before unrelieved stress release value stack during with itself and completion of prescription is calculated, and then draw the unrelieved stress elimination factor that oscillating aging causes.Described strain transducer is respectively foil gauge, strain rosette.
The beneficial effect that the present invention can produce:
One, adopts same oscillating aging equipment can realize oscillating aging, can detect physical quantitys such as strain and acceleration again.
The equipment that utilizes the present invention to make comprises: not only can discern the dynamic strain signal simultaneously but also can drive the control box, vibrator, foil gauge (strain rosette) etc. of vibrator.
When detecting, can avoid necessary again with another special-purpose dynamic strain or dynamic stress Equipment Inspection dynamic strain or dynamic stress when using an oscillating aging equipment exciting workpiece by the dynamic strain of the workpiece of oscillating aging or dynamic stress.
Two, select for use strain transducer to make the sensor of oscillating aging equipment.(the control box internal hardware also will be done corresponding improvement, and the port number of Access Control case also will be according to number and the corresponding increase of compensating plate of strain rosette).
Because: 1. use foil gauge (flower) to make sensor, the dynamic strain signal can be sent into improved oscillating aging control box and handle, thus can directly demonstrate the dynamic strain and the phase place thereof of workpiece, and demonstrate dynamic stress by stress-strain relation calculating.
2. equipment can be made dynamic strain (dynamic stress) to speed curves by dynamic strain (dynamic stress) numerical value under the record different rotating speeds in vibrator rotating speed uphill process, can find out the rotating speed of a certain dynamic stress correspondence in view of the above.
So at the workpiece concrete condition, the oscillating aging equipment of making sensor of foil gauge can make dynamic stress reach appointment numerical value quantitatively by adjusting rotating speed, until satisfying standard-required, and directly carry out timeliness, improve technological effect.
Three, detect strain relief amount inner in the oscillating aging process, can express, also can express, and draw the unrelieved stress burst size by the crest of dynamic strain and the mean variation amount of trough by the mean value of dynamic strain in the alternate motion cycle.
Because: unrelieved stress in the oscillating aging process will produce corresponding strain if change, and is called internal strain and discharges.If have foil gauge (flower) before this on the workpiece and detecting dynamic strain, this strain relief will as the strain drift as additional strain the dynamic strain that is added to get on, causing motor to revolve and turning around is the variation of the mean value of dynamic strain in the alternation exciting cycle, or cause dynamic strain crest and trough to change, the mean value of crest and trough no longer is zero, and this mean value is exactly to change the strain that discharges because of unrelieved stress in the workpiece ag(e)ing process.
So, utilize this mean value can draw unrelieved stress burst size in the ag(e)ing process according to the stress-strain relation relevant with strain rosette.
Four, behind oscillating aging, with storage back zeroings such as dynamic strain, dynamic strain release, unrelieved stress release values, on workpiece, punch apart from the nearer place of foil gauge, the oscillating aging equipment of making sensor in order to foil gauge goes to detect the strain relief that causes because of punching, calculate remaining unrelieved stress after the timeliness, adding thus in the previous step that the unrelieved stress release value just can be similar to knows residual-stress value before the timeliness, with remaining unrelieved stress after the timeliness divided by timeliness before residual-stress value, thereby draw the stress elimination factor.
Because: if workpiece located unrelieved stress at foil gauge (flower), when the stress at this place when punch in the not far place of this foil gauge (flower) will obtain release, thereby cause the variation of strain.Utilize this strain relief just can record near the residual-stress value of this foil gauge (flower).In fact, the instrumentation that has utilizes this principle to carry out the unrelieved stress test exactly.
So, to foil gauge (flower) be the oscillating aging equipment of sensor auxiliary with drilling technology after, can directly read residual-stress value and stress elimination factor before and after the vibration by this oscillating aging equipment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Add on the basis of same conventional vibration timeliness equipment that at first four the tunnel receive the passage of dynamic strain signal, the optional unrelieved stress strain rosette of foil gauge (flower), each road dynamic strain signal is through the specialized circuitry amplifier, identification is stored or is presented on the oscillating aging Device Host after calculating, simultaneously calculate dynamic stress according to stress-strain relation, can select corresponding rotating speed that workpiece is carried out oscillating aging according to dynamic stress numerical value, detect in the oscillating aging process strain relief simultaneously and converse unrelieved stress release value in the oscillating aging process, residual-stress value after measuring unrelieved stress and discharge the strain relief value cause and converse oscillating aging by punching at last, and then converse the stress elimination factor that residual-stress value before the oscillating aging and oscillating aging cause.
Embodiment 2
At first, will be to the CPU of the control box of same conventional vibration timeliness equipment, hardware such as storer and related software are upgraded, expand four tunnel passages that are controlled by the reception dynamic strain signal of control box again, wherein one the tunnel do compensation usefulness, select the unrelieved stress strain rosette for use, it is attached on the workpiece impact point, signal is inserted the dynamic strain passage, add corresponding moving (quiet) strain detecting circuit again, phase discriminator, filtering circuit, discharge circuit etc., the rotating speed of the vibrator that the control box control and the workpiece of oscillating aging equipment links produces forced vibration by workpiece, simultaneously control box detects the amplitude that rounds each road dynamic strain under the exciting rotating speed of numerical value at each, phase place, an interior mean value of alternate motion cycle promptly drifts about or the strain relief amount, and they and this moment exciting rotating speed shown and be stored in the control box of the oscillating aging equipment after the upgrading with forms such as array or curves, and according to relevant stress-strain relation, equivalent stress definition in the plasto-elasticity goes out dynamic stress and unrelieved stress release value under this rotating speed with the computed in software of working out in this control box.
During to the workpiece frequency sweep, amplitude, phase place, strain relief value, dynamic stress, unrelieved stress release value that control box is noted each road dynamic strain to change in rotational speed as the foundation of choosing eccentric size, timeliness rotating speed quantitatively.
According to relevant oscillating aging standard, utilize dynamic stress that control box obtains to speed curves, the lower rotating speed of choosing corresponding certain dynamic stress value carries out timeliness to workpiece, in ag(e)ing process, control box is noted the amplitude, phase place, strain relief amount, dynamic stress, unrelieved stress burst size of each road dynamic strain to the variation of time, but operator's visual rationing ground understands that unrelieved stress reduces numerical value, determines when the end timeliness in the ag(e)ing process in view of the above.Behind completion of prescription, also can earlier each road dynamic strain of front, strain relief amount, dynamic stress, unrelieved stress burst size be stored afterwards earlier and be returned to zero, by in the central punch that is attached to the strain rosette on the processed workpiece, control box detects the strain relief value that causes because of punching, and the stress-strain relation of utilizing this strain rosette correspondence calculates the release value that also remains in the unrelieved stress of workpiece inside after timeliness, and with this as the final release value of unrelieved stress.
It is approximate after the unrelieved stress release value addition of control box demonstration or storage when control box is with final release value of unrelieved stress and completion of prescription at last as being the preceding residual-stress value of shaking, storage also is presented on the oscillating aging control box, the unrelieved stress release value that the oscillating aging control box is stored during with completion of prescription draws the demonstration of unrelieved stress elimination factor divided by residual-stress value before shaking or is stored on the oscillating aging control box, so that make the staff can intuitively recognize the actual elimination result of detected workpiece unrelieved stress behind oscillating aging.
The technology that the present invention does not describe in detail partly is known technology.
Claims (6)
1, workpiece is carried out the method for oscillating aging and strain detecting, it has oscillating aging equipment, behind the processed workpiece location, vibrator in the oscillating aging equipment and acceleration transducer are positioned on the processed workpiece respectively, vibrator and acceleration transducer are connected by the control box of lead with oscillating aging equipment respectively, it is characterized in that: strain transducer is positioned on the processed workpiece, and be connected with the control box that is provided with strain detecting and analysis circuit of oscillating aging equipment by lead, control box directly detects the dynamic strain amplitude of processed workpiece by strain transducer, phase place, strain relief value and equivalent dynamic stress value, the unrelieved stress release value.
2, method of workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: strain transducer is positioned on processed, utilizes same oscillating aging equipment not only to realize oscillating aging but also realize dynamic strain and stress detection and acceleration, amplitude detecting; Utilize oscillating aging equipment itself both to detect the detectable acceleration of conventional vibration timeliness equipment, amplitude data, directly detect amplitude, the phase place of the dynamic strain of workpiece impact point again and calculate equivalent dynamic stress value, and utilizing oscillating aging equipment itself, real-time quantitative ground detects the strain relief value and the unrelieved stress release value thereof of workpiece in the ag(e)ing process.
3, method of workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: record dynamic strain amplitude, equivalent dynamic stress value, strain relief value, unrelieved stress release value be to change in rotational speed, and allow the tested position of workpiece reach to satisfy equivalent dynamic stress value that technology should reach and carry out timeliness quantitatively by adjusting rotating speed.
4, method of workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: record dynamic strain amplitude, equivalent dynamic stress value, strain relief value, unrelieved stress release value are to the variation of time, and visual rationing ground is judged effect of vibration stress relief, determined when shutdown.
5, according to claim 1 and 2 workpiece is carried out the method for oscillating aging and strain detecting, it is characterized in that: described strain transducer is respectively foil gauge, strain rosette.
6, method of workpiece being carried out oscillating aging and strain detecting according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: finish to return to zero again after store the strain relief value earlier the back in the timeliness step, then by punching at the foil gauge or the strain rosette place that are attached on the processed workpiece, utilize oscillating aging equipment itself directly to measure the strain relief value that causes because of punching, and calculate the residual-stress value that still remains in workpiece inside after the timeliness that discharges because of punching with this, residual-stress value before unrelieved stress release value stack during with itself and completion of prescription is calculated, and then draw the unrelieved stress elimination factor that oscillating aging causes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410003053 CN1238703C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2004-01-16 | Method of vibration aging and strain detection for workpiece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200310105552 | 2003-11-28 | ||
| CN200310105552.0 | 2003-11-28 | ||
| CN 200410003053 CN1238703C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2004-01-16 | Method of vibration aging and strain detection for workpiece |
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| CN1546973A CN1546973A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
| CN1238703C true CN1238703C (en) | 2006-01-25 |
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| CN 200410003053 Expired - Fee Related CN1238703C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2004-01-16 | Method of vibration aging and strain detection for workpiece |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101908787A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-08 | 广西大学 | Multi-freedom-degree vibration ageing device |
| CN101947745A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | High-speed milling vibration testing device for multi-hardness spliced materials |
| CN103866111A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | 上海泰胜风能装备股份有限公司 | Elimination method for welding residual stress |
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| CN100478817C (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-04-15 | 济南西格马科技有限公司 | Method and device capable of remotely real-time monitoring vibratory stress relief process |
| CN102703680B (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-12-10 | 南宁市神华振动时效技术研究所 | Vernier caliper vibration aging method |
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| CN112731867B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-12-28 | 四川大学 | Online compensation and vibration aging method for residual stress detection of thin-wall part |
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2004
- 2004-01-16 CN CN 200410003053 patent/CN1238703C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101908787A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-08 | 广西大学 | Multi-freedom-degree vibration ageing device |
| CN101947745A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江工业大学 | High-speed milling vibration testing device for multi-hardness spliced materials |
| CN101947745B (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-08-22 | 浙江工业大学 | High-speed milling vibration testing device for multi-hardness spliced materials |
| CN103866111A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | 上海泰胜风能装备股份有限公司 | Elimination method for welding residual stress |
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| CN1546973A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
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