CN1236078C - Heating method for preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot from decarbonizing - Google Patents
Heating method for preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot from decarbonizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN1236078C CN1236078C CN 03117411 CN03117411A CN1236078C CN 1236078 C CN1236078 C CN 1236078C CN 03117411 CN03117411 CN 03117411 CN 03117411 A CN03117411 A CN 03117411A CN 1236078 C CN1236078 C CN 1236078C
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102220041874 rs587780791 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heating method for preventing decarburization of a high-carbon steel billet or ingot. The heating method is to heat the steel billet or steel ingot by adopting strong oxidizing atmosphere in the heating period of high-carbon steel or in the whole heating process of the preheating period, the heating period and the heat preservation period. The strongly oxidizing atmosphere is controlled by an air excess coefficient (ratio of air to fuel, such as coal gas, heavy oil, etc.) of 1.2 to 1.4. The method of the invention can control the depth of the decarburized layer on the surface of the billet or steel ingot within a shallow range, and has the advantages of short heating time and energy conservation.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to the heat treating method of steel, prevent the method for steel billet or surface of steel ingot decarburization when especially heating.
Background technology
In the heat-processed of high carbon steel (for example heavy rail, carbon tool steel, bearing steel), prevent that the steel billet decarburization from being the important topic that the metallargist need solve always.
At present, the method that adopts usually is atmosphere, heat-up time and the Heating temperature in the control process furnace.For example, according to " steel vanadium titanium " 2002 second phases " research of reduction rail decarburized layer deepness " literary composition, heat-up time is long more, and temperature is high more, and the Decarburized layer of rail is dark more.The atmosphere that is reductibility in the soaking pit helps reducing the rail decarburized layer deepness, and the decarburized layer deepness of rail can remain in 0.2～0.5mm scope.
In addition, the metallargist who has prevents the steel billet decarburization at the surperficial applying protecting coat of high carbon steel.For example, according to " steel rolling " fourth phase in 1996 " high carbon steel anti-decarburization supercoat research " one literary composition, can make decarburization qualification rate raising 20% at the surperficial stopping off of bearing steel.This data shows simultaneously; in process furnace, oppose than test with about 20 steel billets, finally be rolled into the bearing steel of φ 20mm, the decarburized layer deepness of check φ 20mm bearing steel; that applying protecting coat is not 0.203mm and 0.174mm, applying protecting coat be 0.116mm and 0.058mm.
The above-mentioned method of decarburization that prevents respectively has relative merits.Be reducing atmosphere in the soaking pit and prevent that the method technological operation of decarburization is simple, but the CO concentration height in the stove, waste energy, and the interior amount of oxygen deficiency of stove this moment, coefficient of excess air (air and fuel, ratio as coal gas, heavy oil etc.) be generally 0.9～1.2, make the heating of steel billet slow, and prevent the DeGrain of decarburization; At the surperficial applying protecting coat of steel billet, effective, but do not fit into the scale operation of Iron And Steel Industry, and increase production cost and working strength of workers.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned defective of prior art, the invention provides a kind of heating means that prevent the high carbon steel decarburization, this method can make the decarburized layer deepness of steel billet or surface of steel ingot be controlled in the more shallow scope.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: steel billet or steel ingot are at process furnace or soaking pit internal heating, heat-processed comprises warming up period, heating period and soak, it is characterized in that: adopt strong oxidizing property atmosphere heating steel billet or steel ingot in heating period, coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.2～1.4; Described heating period, steel billet or steel ingot temperature were 700～1250 ℃, and temperature is controlled between 1000～1350 ℃ in the stove; The temperature of described warming up period steel billet or steel ingot is a room temperature to 700 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.0～1.4; Described soak steel billet or steel ingot temperature are 1150～1250 ℃, and temperature is controlled between 1200～1250 ℃ in the stove, and coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.0～1.4.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the decarburized layer deepness of steel billet or surface of steel ingot is controlled in the more shallow scope; 2. lack save energy: 3. do not increase cost: 4. do not increase labour intensity heat-up time.The present invention is specially adapted to soaking pit and walking beam furnace heating high-carbon class tool steel and bearing steel, is not suitable for pusher-type furnace heating high-carbon class tool steel and bearing steel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Method high carbon steel of the present invention is at process furnace or soaking pit internal heating, steel billet or steel ingot are at process furnace or soaking pit internal heating, heat-processed comprises warming up period, heating period and soak, it is characterized in that: adopt strong oxidizing property atmosphere heating steel billet or steel ingot in heating period, coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.2～1.4.
The processing step and the technical parameter of a kind of optimization of the inventive method are as follows:
1. during the warming up period in steel billet (steel ingot) is in heating (soaking) stove, the temperature of steel billet (steel ingot) is a room temperature to 700 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.0～1.4.
At this moment, the original oxide layer on warming up period steel billet (steel ingot) surface is at first broken, and has small portion to come off.
2. during the heating period in steel billet (steel ingot) is in heating (soaking) stove, the temperature of steel billet (steel ingot) is 700～1250 ℃, and temperature is controlled at 1000～1350 ℃ in the stove, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.2～1.4.
The starting stage of heating period, steel billet (steel ingot) temperature is about 700～850 ℃, the original oxide layer on steel billet (steel ingot) surface comes off in a large number, steel billet (steel ingot) surface exposure is in heating (soaking) stove furnace gas, at this moment, because have strong oxidizing property atmosphere in the stove, exposed steel billet (steel ingot) surface is by oxidation rapidly, be that steel billet (steel ingot) is burnt at the Decarburized layer that former process forms, steel billet (steel ingot) surface forms new zone of oxidation.
When steel billet (steel ingot) was in the mid-term of heating period, steel billet (steel ingot) temperature was about 800～950 ℃, and the zone of oxidation on steel billet (steel ingot) surface all forms.At this moment, decarburization is continued on steel billet (steel ingot) surface, along with the carrying out of decarburization, form high concentration CO atmosphere (CO content 60～90%) at the small space place of steel billet (steel ingot) surface oxide layer and steel billet (steel ingot) matrix, the CO atmosphere of this floor height concentration can stop the decarburization of steel billet (steel ingot).
The technology control key of heating period in heating (soaking) stove is: the one, and steel billet (steel ingot) is when being in heating period, the rate of heating of steel billet (steel ingot) should be fast, the fast method of control rate of heating is the raising maximum heating temperature of heating period, and the maximum heating temperature of heating (soaking) stove in heating period can be higher than 50～150 ℃ of soaks; The 2nd, the requirement coefficient of excess air is greater than the controlled levels that heats usually in (soaking) stove, and method of the present invention requires coefficient of excess air to be controlled between 1.2～1.4, and common coefficient of excess air span of control is between 0.9～1.2.
3. the insulation (soaking) in steel billet (steel ingot) is in heating (soaking) stove is during the phase, the steel billet of this phase (steel ingot) temperature is the high-temperature zone, and temperature is about 1150～1250 ℃, at this moment, Control for Kiln Temperature is at 1200～1250 ℃, and coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.0～1.4.
Insulation (soaking) in steel billet (steel ingot) is in heating (soaking) stove should not destroy the zone of oxidation on steel billet (steel ingot) surface during the phase as much as possible, up to till steel billet (steel ingot) is come out of the stove.
Adopt method of the present invention to prevent that the key of high carbon steel steel billet (steel ingot) decarburization from being in heating period,, can prevent the decarburization on steel billet (steel ingot) surface as long as adopted the method for strong oxidizing property atmosphere and rapid heating heating period.Warming up period, insulation (soaking) phase also can be adopted the method for oxidizing atmosphere and rapid heating as the case may be.
Embodiment:
When producing T11A (carbon range 1.05～1.14%) φ 6.5mm wire rod, adopt the technical process of accompanying drawing 1.
In processing step shown in Figure 1, walking beam furnace heating 110mm * 110mmT11A carbon worker steel steel billet has adopted method of the present invention.In order to prevent the decarburization on T11A carbon worker steel surface, the heating process of walking beam furnace sees the following form:
| Process furnace | The highest furnace temperature ℃ | The highest steel billet temperature ℃ | Coefficient of excess air | Total heat-up time (min) |
| Preheating section heating zone soaking zone | 1050～1100 1200～1250 1150～1200 | ≤700 700～1250 1150～1180 | 1.2～1.4 | 50～70 |
Specifically describe as follows at last table:
1. during walking beam furnace heating 110mm * 110mm steel billet, preheating, heating period and soak three phases in whole heat-processed, all adopt the strong oxidizing property oxygen atmosphere heating of the inventive method, the coefficient of excess air of strong oxidizing property atmosphere (ratio of air and coal gas) is controlled between 1.2～1.4.
2. when 110mm * when the 110mm steel billet was in the warming up period of walking beam furnace, the temperature of steel billet was about below 700 ℃, the highest Control for Kiln Temperature of preheating section is between 1050～1100 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.2～1.4.At this moment, the original oxide layer of billet surface is at first broken, and has small portion to come off.
3. be in walking beam furnace during heating period when 110mm * 110mm steel billet, the temperature of steel billet is about 700～1250 ℃, and the highest Control for Kiln Temperature is between 1200～1250 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.2～1.4.
4. when 110mm * when the 110mm steel billet was in the walking beam furnace soak, the temperature of steel billet was about 1150～1180 ℃, the highest Control for Kiln Temperature is between 1150～1200 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.2～1.4.
Be 50～70min total heat-up time.
Through the steel billet after the heating of above-mentioned heating process, be rolled into φ 6.5mm wire rod after, the Decarburized layer of check T11A steel between 0.037～0.097mm, average out to 0.061mm.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of heating means that prevent high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot decarburization, steel billet or steel ingot are at process furnace or soaking pit internal heating, and heat-processed comprises warming up period, heating period and soak, it is characterized in that:
Adopt strong oxidizing property atmosphere heating steel billet or steel ingot in heating period, coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.2～1.4;
Described heating period, steel billet or steel ingot temperature were 700～1250 ℃, and temperature is controlled between 1000～1350 ℃ in the stove;
The temperature of described warming up period steel billet or steel ingot is a room temperature to 700 ℃, and the furnace air coefficient of excess is controlled between 1.0～1.4;
Described soak steel billet or steel ingot temperature are 1150～1250 ℃, and temperature is controlled between 1200～1250 ℃ in the stove, and coefficient of excess air is controlled between 1.0～1.4.
2, the heating means that prevent high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot decarburization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described process furnace is higher than 50～150 ℃ of soaks at the maximum heating temperature of heating period.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03117411 CN1236078C (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2003-03-07 | Heating method for preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot from decarbonizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03117411 CN1236078C (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2003-03-07 | Heating method for preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot from decarbonizing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1438334A CN1438334A (en) | 2003-08-27 |
| CN1236078C true CN1236078C (en) | 2006-01-11 |
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| CN 03117411 Expired - Fee Related CN1236078C (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2003-03-07 | Heating method for preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot from decarbonizing |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100537793C (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-09-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院 | Heating method of continuous casting bearing steel bloom |
| CN101713018B (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2012-07-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Descaling method of U75V heavy rail steel blank |
| CN102234715B (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2013-01-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Cross steel tapping control method for blooming furnace group |
| CN107460301A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-12-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of heating means of mitigation GCr15 bearing steel decarburized layer deepness |
| CN109112280B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-07-14 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for controlling decarburization depth of bearing steel wire |
| CN109174976B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of milling method reducing medium high carbon Strip practical decarburized depth |
| CN112575155B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-07-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Process for controlling decarburization layer of steel billet |
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