CN1235727C - Composite material products - Google Patents
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- CN1235727C CN1235727C CNB021407398A CN02140739A CN1235727C CN 1235727 C CN1235727 C CN 1235727C CN B021407398 A CNB021407398 A CN B021407398A CN 02140739 A CN02140739 A CN 02140739A CN 1235727 C CN1235727 C CN 1235727C
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- composite products
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- pallet
- lubricating
- flow channel
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Abstract
An extrusion device for producing composite products manufactured from extruded wood and recovered thermoplastics comprises a feeder for feeding mixture of the wood in special form and the recovered thermoplastics into an extrusion mold which contains flow channels extending longitudinally. Each flow channel includes: a gradually expanding part, a shrinkage part, a forming part and a lubricating part in correct order, thus the shaping composite material product which density is higher than that of the mixture of the wood and the recovered plastics. The manufactured products include trays and the other building units and have excellent mechanical features.
Description
Present patent application is that application number is 00100143.4, and the applying date is on January 13rd, 2000, and denomination of invention is timber and the high density composite products of extruding and making that reclaims plastics, divide an application.
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to the composite products of extruding and making of the thermoplastic of timber and recovery.
Background technology
The production method that generates composite products by the mixture of extruding timber and thermoplastic is known.For example the Canadian Patent 2102979 (Woodhams) of authorizing April 25 nineteen ninety-five has disclosed a kind of method of producing composite products by plastic material and other special material, and this special material can be a timber.United States Patent (USP) 5406768 and 5497594 (Giuseppe or the like) in April 18 nineteen ninety-five and mandate on March 12nd, 1996 has disclosed a kind of composite element of being made by polymer and lumber fibre composite with that extrude or injection-molded thermoplastic member's form that is used for dwelling house and commercial building respectively.
The United States Patent (USP) 5516472 (Laver) of authorizing on May 14th, 1996 has disclosed and a kind ofly has been used to make organic fibrous material to combine apparatus and method with the formation Wood-like composite material with thermoplastic.In the Laver patent, composite material is squeezed in the mold system, and this mold system comprises a stage die, hank matched moulds and a molding.Material flow velocity by mold system is by make composite material preformed to form and the similar shape of final products with stage die, and is with stranded mould that material is stranded to form the sub-thread material and to push the sub-thread material that comes out with shaping mould from stranded mould and come balance.
Yet because a variety of causes, known this method and product all do not have successfully commercial, and known product is not recovered.
Summary of the invention
Therefore an object of the present invention is to provide the high density composite products that a kind of thermoplastic that is used to extrude timber and recovery is produced, this composite products can be used as building products, for example pallet and window and framework.
According to the present invention, the thermoplastic of extruding timber and recovery comprises a feeder with the extrusion device of producing composite products, and this feeder is used for supplying with to the extrusion die of the flow channel with longitudinal extension timber, the thermoplastic of recovery and the mixture of functional additive of special shape.Described flow channel has a flaring part, and the then then moulding section of this constriction of constriction and of this flaring part is higher than the forming composite product of density of mixture of the plastic material of described timber and recovery in order to production density.For example, when high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) mixture of wood powder that uses special shape and recovery, resulting high density can from about 1.1 gram/cc to the scope about 1.5 gram/cc, and the density of wood powder and high density polyethylene (HDPE) is usually all less than about 1.0 gram/cc.Except HDPE, low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), poly-terephalic acid ethene (PET) and other thermoplastic also have been used to synthetic processing.The composite products that utilizes the present invention to make comprises framework and other building products that can carry of pallet, fence or deck, window and door.
The flaring part of flow channel can be with the longitudinal axis deflection of the angle between about 10 ° to about 75 ° from the fluid passage, and the constriction of flow channel can be with the longitudinal axis convergence of the angle between about 10 ° to about 75 ° to the fluid passage.
The longitudinally extending channels of extrusion die can have a lubricated part, composite products leaves behind the moulding section through this lubricated part, extrusion die has a lubricating coupler, this lubricating coupler has been determined the lubricated part of longitudinally extending channels, and this lubricating coupler has an oil-way around the periphery of the lubricated part of longitudinally extending channels, this oil-way is very short from the spacing of this lubricated part periphery, and the narrow and small lubricating oil flow channel that passes through the periphery extension links to each other with lubricated part, thereby, lubricating oil under the pressure can be fed into oil-way, so that lubricating oil with basic pressure uniformly from the oil-way lubricating oil flow channel of flowing through, thereby contact with periphery through the composite products of the lubricated part of longitudinally extending channels.Extrusion device also can comprise a force feed oil sources, is used for fluctuation pressure to the oil-way supplying lubricating oil, and like this, the material of removing any obstruction in the narrow and small lubricating oil flow channel becomes more convenient.
Lubricating coupler can comprise a lubricating coupler main body and a lubricating coupler lid, the groove that forms oil groove is arranged in this lubricating coupler main body, this lubricating coupler lid is detachably fixed on the lubricating coupler main body, to cover groove and to form oil groove, between lubricating coupler main body and lubricating coupler lid, form the lubricating oil flow channel.Lubricating coupler main body and lubricating coupler lid can be provided with the lubricating oil flow channel, and the flow direction that flows through the lubricating oil of this lubricating oil flow channel forwards tilt to the direction of motion of composite products with acutangulating.
The longitudinally extending channels of extrusion die can have a calibrated section, composite products leaves after the lubricated part through this calibrated section, extrusion die has calibrator, this calibrator has been determined the calibrated section of longitudinally extending channels, calibrator is made by heat conducting material, thereby only just can realize the cooling of composite products by the heat conduction of calibrator.
Calibrator preferably closely is fixed on the lubricating coupler, and is very close to each other between the two, by also very close to each other in the passage of calibrator, like this, can not increase and reduce density when forcing composite products to pass through calibrator at longitudinal extension.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of composite products, and described composite products is a pallet, is extruded by the thermoplastic of timber and recovery to form, and described pallet is made up of end face, longeron and base plate,
Described end face is the opening section bar;
Described longeron designs for I-beam, and this longeron has an intermediate rib, is equipped with intermediate flange in the two sides of intermediate rib, and is provided with gap along the longitudinal direction on longeron;
Described base plate is tightened with the intermediate rib that screw passes longeron.
According to described composite products, described end face is provided with support arm and 2 intermediate ribs, and its surface is the plane, which is provided with the little groove of ccontaining head of screw.Further, described end face is connected by the intermediate rib that passes end face with screw with longeron.
According to described composite products, described base plate has chamfering, so that hand fork lifter can free in and out.
Description of drawings
Referring now to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described by way of example, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the side view of the extrusion device of one embodiment of the invention, has omitted calibrator among the figure;
Fig. 2 is the sectional side elevation of extrusion die;
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of the top and the bottom of former;
Figure 4 shows that along a-a among Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 b-b, c-c, the profile of d-d and e-e line;
Fig. 5 is the main body of lubricating coupler and the exploded view of lid; And
Fig. 6 is the main body and the central vertical profile of lid when assembling structure of lubricating coupler shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the exploded view of wood-plastic composite material pallet, and this pallet has three kinds of profiles of utilizing technology of the present invention to extrude.
The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows that extrusion device 10, this extrusion device 10 is used to utilize the mixture of timber, recovery thermoplastic and the functional additive of special shape to produce highdensity composite products.This extrusion device has base 12, and feeding screw 14 is installed on this base 12.The mixture 16 of the timber of special shape and recovery thermoplastic is added into the feeding screw 14 from hopper 18.Feeding screw 14 transmission and extruding mixture 16 are to produce the fluid of fusion, for the mixture of the high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) of timber and recovery normally in the temperature of about 300 (150 ℃), this temperature is significantly less than the common extrusion temperature of HDPE, this common extrusion temperature is more than 400 °F (200 ℃), and exhaust is discharged by ventilating opening 20.K cryogenic treatment prevents the burning of lumber fibre, and makes product keep better mechanical property.
Shown in Fig. 2 is detailed, melt flow stream enters extrusion die 24 from feeding screw 14 through crushing shell 22, this extrusion die 24 has the passage 26 of longitudinal extension, and this passage 26 has initial flaring part 28, and this flaring part 28 is with the longitudinal axis of an angle deviating passage 26.Flaring part 28 back then are constriction 30, and this constriction 30 is with the longitudinal axis A convergence of an angle towards passage 26.Constriction 30 back then are the moulding sections 31 that is formed by former 32.Moulding section 31 back of longitudinally extending channels 26 then are lubricated part 33 that is formed by lubricating coupler 34 and the extension calibrated section 35 that is formed by calibrator 36.
The parts of extrusion die 24 are made by steel alloy or stainless steel suitable, that have suitable coating.Calibrator 36 has 33,40, aluminum portions 42 of two stainless steel parts and an extension 44.Those skilled in the art can find out easily that from Fig. 2 each parts of extrusion die 24 are fixed together by rights by the assembly that separates and make.Until lubricating coupler 34 and each parts of comprising lubricating coupler 34 are by electric heater 25 heating that separate, so that keep desired temperatures at the each several part of the flow channel 26 of process.
Crushing shell 22 has the passage 23 of little parallel longitudinal extension, and timber/plastic hybrid is transported to the flaring part 28 of flow channel 26 from feeding screw 14 by this passage 23.Crushing shell 22 plays the effect to the material rectification, and changes flow behavior in flow channel 26 laminar condition by the rotation status in feeding screw 14.Crushing shell 22 also filters the oversized particles in the mixture.The housing that should be noted that feeding screw 14 is fixed to by clip 21 on the housing of flaring part 28 of flow channel 26.Clip 21 is easy to dismantle, so that can remove the oversized particles of being blocked by crushing shell 22 in the mixture.
The flaring part 28 of flow channel 26 is with about 10 ° of longitudinal axis A to the angle deviating fluid passage 26 between about 75 ° of scopes, and constriction 30 restrains to the longitudinal axis A of fluid passage 26 with the about 10 ° angles that arrive between about 75 ° of scopes.The combination of flaring part 28 and constriction 30 can obtain to have the high density composite products of desirable mechanical property, and this high density composite products is suitable for the commercial building purposes, for example pallet, slide rail, window, deck, door and concrete mould.
The actual angle of dispersing and restraining of flaring and constriction 28,30 depends on the cross section of final products, when mixture is carried by constriction 30, in the scope of the common compression ratio that bears of mixture from about 3: 1 to about 10: 1.
The cross section of flaring part 28 is circular.It is circular that the cross section of constriction 30 is initially, and shown in Fig. 4 (a), but becomes rectangle gradually, shown in Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (c).The moulding section 31 of flow channel 26 has the cross section shown in Fig. 4 (c) at first, but becomes the shape of final products gradually, shown in Fig. 4 (d) and 4 (e).Cross sectional shape shown in Fig. 4 (e) thereby in this embodiment of the present invention, be the cross sectional shape of final products.In this case, this product is the top board (Fig. 7 (a)) of loaded pallet.The constriction 30 of longitudinally extending channels 26 and the changes of section of moulding section 31 can accurately determine, for example, and by computer-aided engineering design (CAE), the technology of utilizing suitable flow behavior, geometrical condition, temperature to set, or the like.Figure 3 shows that the mode of the shape of flow channel 31 along the length direction variation of former 32, in the present embodiment, this former 32 comprises all bolted bottom 32a and top 32b.
Particularly as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, lubricating coupler 34 comprises lubricating coupler main body 52 and lubricating coupler lid 54, and this lubricating coupler main body 52 has one and extends axially flow channel 56, its shape shown in Fig. 4 (e), i.e. the shape of final products.Equally, lubricating coupler lid 54 has the flow channel 58 of same shape.During use, lubricating coupler lid 54 is fixed on the lubricating coupler main body 52 by screw 60, and the hole 62 that this screw 60 passes lubricating coupler lid 54 is screwed in the screwed hole 64 of lubricating coupler main body 52.
Oil-way is formed by groove 66, and this groove 66 is positioned on the surface 68 of close lubricating coupler lid 54 of lubricating coupler main body 52.Groove 66 is from flow channel 56 continued circling flow channel 56 very nearby.The part 70 on the surface 68 of the lubricating coupler main body 52 between oil groove 66 and flow channel 56 is spaced apart a little with the adjacently situated surfaces 72 of lubricating coupler lid 54, so that between forms gap 74.In the scope of the size in this gap 74 from about 0.0005 inch to about 0.001 inch, this is that Precision Machining by lubricating coupler main body 52 and lubricating coupler lid 54 obtains.Lubricating coupler lid 54 has sealing gasket 76, and sealing pad 76 cooperates with the surface 68 of lubricating coupler main body 52 to prevent that lubricating oil from crossing the leakage of sealing gasket 76 from groove 66.
The part 73 around flow channel 58 on the surface 72 of lubricating coupler lid 54 is tilted conical and accommodates corresponding oblique cone part 70 around the lubricating coupler main body 52 of flow channel 56, therefore, the lubricating oil flow gap 74 between the two oblique cones part is with the composite products in the angle contact flow passage 56,58 that is inclined at acute angles towards the composite products direction of motion.
Lubricating oil is to supply to oil-way 66 with certain pressure by the hole the lubricating coupler main body 52 78 from proper lubrication oil sources (not shown).Preferably, this pressure is fluctuation pressure, for example changes between 500 pounds/square inch and 1000 pounds/square inch, to be created in the lubricating oil flow velocity that changes in the scope from about 5ml/min to about 10ml/min.
When composite products leaves former 32 and passes through lubricating coupler 34 with its net shape, as shown in Figure 6, lubricating oil under fluctuation pressure is by groove 66 gap 74 of flowing through, and contact with the whole periphery of composite products outer surface, so that can keep higher relatively rate of extrusion well, for example, about 4 feet per minutes are to the rate of extrusion of about 5 feet per minutes.Oil groove 66 keeps evenly oil pressure around flow channel 66.Any obstruction of flowing through the lubricating oil in gap 74 all can cause the pressure in the oil groove 66 to increase.Because the pulse characteristic of pressure, this pressure increase can be removed this obstruction that causes owing to the precipitation of dirt in the lubricating oil or composite products usually.
The composite products that has lubricated is then by calibrator 36, the calibrator part 38,40,42 and 44 of this calibrator 36 makes composite products keep cross sectional shape in its cooling procedure, and this cooling is the lower temperature from the forming temperature of about 300 (150 ℃) to about 80 (30 ℃).Should be noted that does not have additional cooler, that is, the cooling of composite products only is to conduct by the heat of the metal wall of calibrator part to take place.Accurate design typification device passage 35, like this, composite products is fully cooled off, and can be owing to the calibrator wall is blocked in contraction or the expansion of this composite products when keeping its design shape.
Calibrator 36 usefulness bolts closely are connected on the lubricating coupler 34, calibrator parts 38,40,42,44 closely connect with bolt each other, to keep the high density of composite products, this product is coiled into glassware 14 and promotes, with the calibrator passage 35 of speed by accurately designing of appointment.This is opposite with traditional section bar extrusion die, for example, for PVC section bar extrusion die, wherein between former and calibrator, leave the gap, so that extrudate expanded before being drawn into the calibrator of vacuum feed or shrink, vacuum is to be produced by the vavuum pump that links to each other with calibrator, so that the section bar of extruding is drawn into the calibrator passage.This known technology also can comprise a puller in the calibrator back of vacuum feed.This puller also is not suitable for the synthetic of present lumber fibre and thermoplastic materials and extrudes.
Thereby recognizing natural hardwood, the present invention have the density higher that this fact of higher mechanical property is arranged than cork.Timber is porous, and therefore volume may be compressed in the high pressure extrusion.Utilize the timber of special shape, for example wood sawdust or wood powder, the present invention can make the density of the composite products of production be higher than the density of its component far away.The present invention just loosens extrudate up to the initiating terminal of calibrator 42, so composite products can keep high density.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, through the timber-plastic product 80 of extrusion device 10, the extrusion die 24 that has lubricating coupler 34 and calibrator 38,40,42 and 44 one in seven top boards of pallet 79 among Fig. 7 (a).Stringer 81 and base plate 82 also can be made with same extrusion and similar extrusion die among Fig. 7.The open pro-file of top board 80 is designed to carrying, in light weight and make pallet 79 in aggregates.Support arm 83 bears from the load of end face 84 with from the impact of side 85.Intermediate rib 86 is born the load from the top, and has screw to pass its center insertion, so that be connected (screw is not shown) with the stringer 81 of pallet 79.Rib 86 has also reduced the span of end face 84, and is therefore firmer.Head of screw is fixed in the little groove 87, and therefore surface 84 is flat.Bottom surface 88 is than the transversal face width of support, so that can be firm.Top board 80 is that 143mm is wide, the 35mm height.The cavity that is centered on by support and rib has fully reduced weight.The I-beam design of stringer 81 that has intermediate flange is extremely important for the rigidity of whole pallet 79, so stringer can be erected at the end of bearing tray.Top flange 89 is that 59mm is wide, and its thickness enough prevents local fracture.Intermediate rib 90 is that 19mm is wide, to keep rigidity.Intermediate flange 91 can not be omitted.When being shaped on gap 92 on the pallet 79, intermediate flange 91 makes pallet increase rigidity, thereby makes pallet can deflection not get too severe when being subjected to load.I-beam 81 is 59mm height.Make pallet 79 on conveyer, to move relative to more flat base plate 82.Base plate is tightened with the intermediate rib 90 that screw passes stringer 81.Chamfering 93 is gone forward side by side into pallet 79 inside manual fork truck this pallet that can overturn.In the present invention, the top board of being mentioned claims end face again, and stringer is called longeron again.The experiment that composite and pallet are done shows that the mechanical property of composite is higher than its original components, and this pallet is more durable than high-quality hardwood pallet, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
The performance of table 1. timber-recovery plastic composite, pure HDPE and timber
| Performance | Unit | Experiment | The present invention | Pure HDPE | Timber |
| Proportion | g/cm 3 | 1.1 | 0.96 | 0.8 | |
| Fracture elongation | ％ | D790-92 | 4.2 | 500 | |
| Bending modulus | Gpa | D790-92 | 4.20 | 1.0 | Variable |
| Bending strength | Mpa | D790-92 | 52.6 | 35.0 | Variable |
| The otch cantilever beam impact strength | J/m | *D256-90 | 179.5 | 320 |
Table 2.1000 * 1200mm composite pallet performance
| Load capacity, kg | Method | 4 the tunnel | 2 the tunnel | ||
| Width | Length | Width | Length | ||
| Static load, @ room temperature on the flat board | ASTM D1185 | 22700 | |||
| Static load, on the flat board ， @45 ℃ | ASTM D1185 | 13600 | |||
| Dynamic load promotes on the jaw | 4500 | ||||
| Extruding @ room temperature, 24 hours | ASTM D1185 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 2270 |
| Push @45 ℃, 24 hours | ASTM D1185 | 1250 | 1250 | 1250 | 1800 |
| Durability experiment (following the tracks of fast) | VT | Be better than 7 to 10 times on high-quality hardwood pallet | |||
| And the coefficient of friction between smooth steel plate | ASTM D1185 | ＞0.15 | |||
| The VT standard is the standard that can be formulated by the Virginia, USA technology | |||||
By above-mentioned description of a preferred embodiment, one of skill in the art will recognize that the present invention can make the high density composite products can be with preferred speed of production production, for example with the speed of 4 to 5 feet of per minutes, this high density composite products has with respect to the ideal speed torque characteristic of timber and can reclaim fully.Other embodiments of the invention also are clearly to those skilled in the art, and scope of the present invention will be limited by additional claim.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of composite products, described composite products are pallet, are extruded by the thermoplastic of timber and recovery to form, and described pallet is made up of end face, longeron and base plate,
Described end face is the opening section bar;
Described longeron designs for I-beam, and this longeron has an intermediate rib, is equipped with intermediate flange in the two sides of intermediate rib, and is provided with gap along the longitudinal direction on longeron;
Described base plate is tightened with the intermediate rib that screw passes longeron.
2, composite products according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described end face is provided with support arm and 2 intermediate ribs, and its surface is the plane, which is provided with the little groove of ccontaining head of screw.
3, composite products according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described end face is connected by the intermediate rib that passes end face with screw with longeron.
4, composite products according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described base plate has chamfering, so that hand fork lifter can free in and out.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22955399A | 1999-01-13 | 1999-01-13 | |
| US09/229,553 | 1999-01-13 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00100143A Division CN1094824C (en) | 1999-01-13 | 2000-01-13 | High density composite products manufactured from extruded wood and recovered plastics |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1403254A CN1403254A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| CN1235727C true CN1235727C (en) | 2006-01-11 |
Family
ID=22861732
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00100143A Expired - Fee Related CN1094824C (en) | 1999-01-13 | 2000-01-13 | High density composite products manufactured from extruded wood and recovered plastics |
| CNB021407398A Expired - Fee Related CN1235727C (en) | 1999-01-13 | 2000-01-13 | Composite material products |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00100143A Expired - Fee Related CN1094824C (en) | 1999-01-13 | 2000-01-13 | High density composite products manufactured from extruded wood and recovered plastics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN1094824C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014183233A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Zhang Yan | Method for manufacturing plastic pallet and the plastic pallet |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3665262D1 (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1989-10-05 | Carrington Lab Inc | Processes for preparation of aloe products, products produced thereby and compositions thereof |
| FR2625645B1 (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1991-07-05 | Wogegal Sa | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT AS A CULTURE SUPPORT |
| EP0567164A1 (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1993-10-27 | Maag Pump Systems AG | Storage head - blow molding apparatus |
| CN1159923A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1997-09-24 | 王素艳 | Method for extraction of concentrated aloe collagen |
| CN1175460A (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1998-03-11 | 王素艳 | Aloe vera emulsion |
| CN2308499Y (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-02-24 | 何周富 | Special die for prodn. of compound plastic board |
-
2000
- 2000-01-13 CN CN00100143A patent/CN1094824C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-13 CN CNB021407398A patent/CN1235727C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1270095A (en) | 2000-10-18 |
| CN1403254A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| CN1094824C (en) | 2002-11-27 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Owner name: BAOJI QINCHUAN FUTURE PLASTICS MACHINERY CO. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SONG WEINING Effective date: 20061110 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
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Effective date of registration: 20061110 Address after: 721009, 22 Tan Tan Road, Shaanxi, Baoji Patentee after: Baoji Qinchuan Future Plastic Mechine Co., Ltd. Address before: Ontario, Canada Patentee before: Song Weining |
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060111 Termination date: 20120113 |