CN1235704A - Coaxial dual-band antenna - Google Patents

Coaxial dual-band antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1235704A
CN1235704A CN97199388A CN97199388A CN1235704A CN 1235704 A CN1235704 A CN 1235704A CN 97199388 A CN97199388 A CN 97199388A CN 97199388 A CN97199388 A CN 97199388A CN 1235704 A CN1235704 A CN 1235704A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
predetermined
antenna
dielectric material
length
add ons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN97199388A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
G·J·哈耶斯
R·W·拉姆佩
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Ericsson Inc
Original Assignee
Ericsson Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ericsson Inc filed Critical Ericsson Inc
Publication of CN1235704A publication Critical patent/CN1235704A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H01Q9/27—Spiral antennas

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnetic antenna (20, 30) that is compact and easy to manufacture includes a portion of a coaxial cable (24) having a first predetermined electrical length, the cable's outer conductor (22) being removed from the portion for forming an electromagnetic monopole (28), an affixation element (30) including a conductor spirally wound around the dielectric material (26) of the portion, the parasitic element having a second predetermined electrical length, and an electrical ground plane (22) disposed in an electromagnetically cooperative relationship with the portion and the parasitic element. The parasitic element may be secured with an adhesive to the dielectric material of the portion, and the first predetermined length may be substantially one quarter of a first predetermined wavelength and the second predetermined length may be substantially one half of a second predetermined wavelength. In particular, the first predetermined length may be 9.4 centimeters and the second predetermined length may be 7.9 centimeters. Also, the electrical ground plane may be disposed substantially perpendicular to the portion and the parasitic element, and the pitch angle of the parasitic element windings may be varied for generating selected spatial patterns of electromagnetic field intensity and power density. Methods of making an electromagnetic antenna from a coaxial cable are also disclosed.

Description

Coaxial dual-band antenna
Background technology
The present invention relates to be used for the antenna of electromagnetic signal, relate more specifically to have the antenna of coaxial component.
Along with many appearance that operate in the wireless communication system of different frequency scope simultaneously, for example advanced mobile phone service (AMPS) system uses the carrier signal of 800MHZ frequency, and personal communication service (PCS) system uses the carrier signal of 1900MHZ frequency, the transceiver that urgent need can be moved in two systems.
Solution of this problem is provided the transceiver with two antennas that separate.Each is to signal response the best of one of frequency range.Be difficult on the transceiver volume that a kind of like this two-antenna solution produces accept, the people is liked.Therefore, wish the transceiver of compact single antenna, this transceiver may operate in two frequency ranges.
A method of structure dual-band antenna is with an electrical length λ 1/ 2 add ons is put into and approaches very much electrical length is λ 0A wire antenna of/2.Fig. 1 illustrates this dual-band antenna 10.Add ons 12 is not to be connected to the transceiver (not shown) physically, in frequency f 1=c/ λ 1Resonance, and wire antenna 14 is with a dipole as an illustration, is connected to this transceiver physically, in frequency f 0=c/ λ 0Resonance, C is the light velocity here.
Under the condition of their each self-resonances, media for example passed in and out the energy of free space around add ons 12 and wire antenna 14 were coupled effectively and pass in and out.Add ons is not because it is in frequency f 0Resonance is penetrated into the effective range of wire antenna basically, and wire antenna is not because it is in frequency f 1Resonance is penetrated into the effective range of add ons substantially.Because add ons resonance is in higher frequency f 1And rightly in the scope that approaches very much wire antenna, so f 1Energy efficient be coupled to/this wire antenna and media certainly on every side.Obtain a two waveband response thus, promptly at f 0And f 1The time optimum capacity coupling.
The energy coupling efficiency of antenna can be used the graph of a relation explanation of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and frequency.Fig. 2 describes for example typical response of the dual-band antenna shown in Fig. 1, and two low VSWR zones are corresponding to frequency f 0, f 1Condition of resonance.
One of problem of dual-band antenna type shown in Figure 1 is to be difficult to make.Actually, the interval between wire antenna and add ons must maintain the precision of 25 μ m magnitudes usually, or the precision of mil.It is difficult reaching such precision, and its cost is high.Therefore wish easy make and the low dual-band antenna of its cost.
Summary
The invention solves the problem of existing apparatus and a kind of not only compact but also electromagnetic antenna that make easily is provided.In one aspect of the invention, by having an outer conductor, a kind of dielectric material, and a kind of method that the coaxial cable that is configured in the inner wire in this dielectric material is made electromagnetic antenna comprises step: peel off this outer conductor from the part of this coaxial cable, expose this dielectric material thus; Helical form coiling one extra conductor on the dielectric material that exposes; And this extra conductor partly is placed on plane electrical ground has among the collaborative relation of electromagnetism.This part has the first predetermined electrical length, and extra conductor has second predetermined electrical length.
In another aspect of this invention, said method also comprises with adhesive and makes extra conductor be fixed to the step of this dielectric material.First predetermined length can be 1/4 of first predetermined wavelength basically simultaneously, and second predetermined length can be 1/2 of second predetermined wavelength basically.Particularly, first predetermined length can be 9.4cm, and second predetermined length can be 7.9cm.In addition, this part and extra conductor are configured to be substantially perpendicular to plane electrical ground, and this method also comprises the step of the coupling amount between the winding of extra conductor of controlling selectively by the angle of pitch that changes winding, produce a kind of extra conductor thus, it has the spatial pattern ai of selectable electromagnetic field intensity and power density.
In another aspect of this invention, an electromagnetic antenna comprises the coaxial cable part, has one first predetermined electrical length, and this coaxial cable has an outer conductor, a kind of dielectric material, and be configured in the interior inner wire of this dielectric material.Outer conductor is from this part excision, so that form an electromagnetism one pole.Antenna also comprises an add ons, it is made up of around a conductor of the dielectric material of this part helical form, and this add ons has one second predetermined electrical length.This antenna comprises that also one is configured in this part and add ons plane electrical ground among the collaborative relation of electromagnetism is arranged.
In another aspect of this invention, this add ons can adhere on the dielectric material of this part with a kind of adhesive, and first predetermined length is 1/4 of first predetermined wavelength basically, and second predetermined length is 1/2 of second predetermined wavelength basically.Particularly, first predetermined length can be 9.4cm, and second predetermined length can be 7.9cm.And planar configuration becomes to be basically perpendicular to this part and add ons electrical ground, and the angle of pitch of the winding of add ons can change, so that produce the spatial pattern ai of selectable electromagnetic field intensity and power density.
Brief description of drawings
Read the invention that specification is understood the applicant by the reference accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of common dual-band antenna;
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation for the voltage standing wave ratio and the frequency of the dual-band antenna of being painted among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 A explanation is by a kind of coaxial unipole antenna of applicant's invention
Fig. 3 B explanation is by a kind of dual-band antenna of applicant's invention;
Fig. 4 is for the voltage standing wave ratio of the dual-band antenna of being painted among Fig. 3 B and the graph of relation of frequency;
Fig. 5 illustrates a kind of dual-band antenna, has add ons, and this element comprises the segmentation at many fine pitches angle, and the segmentation at these fine pitch angles is by coarse pitch angle section gap.
Describe in detail
The applicant's invention utilizes on the market coaxial transmission line of producing precision in batches to solve the problem that the front dual-band antenna is made, RG-59 for example, and RG-62, the size of coaxial cables such as RG-116 has suitable precision.As below being described in more detail, the electromagnetism length that the linearized radiation structure that the inner wire of coaxial line constitutes has makes its resonance at first frequency f 0
Fig. 3 A, 3B describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and a unipole antenna 20 is on ground plane 22.With reference to Fig. 3 A, removed the dielectric core 26 of garden cylindricality of the exposure cable of the insulating case of coaxial cable 24 and outer conductor, dispose straight inner wire 28 therein.The outer conductor of coaxial line 24 can be electrically connected to ground plane 22, and this ground plane 22 can be the external conductive casing of the such radio transceiver of handheld wireless phone for example.But be understandable that this ground plane also can be the shell electric insulation with transceiver, this with regard to like following two pieces described in this patent application as a reference like that: Application No. 08/274,450, applied on July 13rd, 1994 by Cassel, and by the European Patent Publication No EP0528775 of Cassel application, on February 24th, 1993 is open.
As shown in Figure 3A, the dielectric material 26 of exposure and the inner wire 28 that is clipped in therebetween are trimmed, and make to produce the length that requires on ground plane 22.Will appreciate that the device of being described among Fig. 3 A is a coaxial unipole antenna.The physical length that selection is given prominence on ground plane 22 makes its electromagnetism length typically be the frequency f that requires 01/4 wavelength X 0/ 4 integer.When electromagnetic field length was one 1/4 wavelength, because the electric image of the outstanding length that forms in this ground plane 22, this one pole was as a half-wave antenna.For example, suppose that ground plane and outstanding length are placed basically to be perpendicular to one another, then for frequency f 0=800MHZ, the electromagnetism length of giving prominence on ground plane 22 is approximately 9.4cm.
By the further feature of the applicant's invention, as illustrated among Fig. 3 B, add ons 30 for example conductor helically be wrapped in the dielectric Cylinder around.Add ons can be a lead that tightly twines, enough hold it in the position on the dielectric material with frictional force, though this add ons 30 can keep by the screw channel that it is wrapped in the dielectric Cylinder surface in addition, perhaps use a kind of suitable jointing material and hold it on the dielectric material.This add ons also can be wrapped in around the dielectric Cylinder conductive strips or or even on request pattern be printed on conduction red ink paste used for seals on the dielectric Cylinder, and without lead.Only needing this add ons 30 is that resonance is at a conducting element that requires on the frequency.
According to the physical length of angle of pitch Ψ and spirally-wound add ons 30, make add ons electromagnetism length and make its resonance in frequency f 1, this frequency is different from the resonance frequency f of inner wire 28 0The antenna that illustrates among Fig. 3 B has the two waveband response (at f like this 0And f 1), and have the VSWR of expectation, as shown in Figure 4.
Greatly different with inner wire 28 is that the electrical length of add ons 30 is at its resonance frequency f 1Typically be selected as half wavelength lambda 1/ 2 integer.This electromagnetism length may be typically less than physical length, so that compensation electromagnetic field propagation velocity by these dielectric material 26 reductions when for example free space is compared with medium on every side.For example the electromagnetism length of add ons 30 is for frequency f 1=1900MHZ may be near 7.9cm the propagation velocity that reduces of uncompensation.The electromagnetism length of add ons 30 depends on the dielectric constant of its physical length and dielectric Cylinder 26.
People understand add ons 30 exact lengths, and the length of inner wire 28 can determine according to the antenna theory principle, though need some little adjustment so that the antenna response optimization.Usually, these principles should have boundary condition, and the current value of (and at least at end of inner wire 28) is zero promptly at add ons 30 two ends.For example people understand the allocation of space effect that angle between the outstanding cable section of ground plane and add ons plays electromagnetic field intensity and power density.Because the size of the dielectric fuse 26 of coaxial line is adding man-hour by characterization well and keep accurate tolerance, so applicant's dual-band antenna can be made evenly and low price.
A factor that influences the electromagnetism length of spirally-wound add ons is the electromagnetic coupled amount between this spiral winding.This coupling amount is determined effectively by angle of pitch Ψ.This angle of pitch has been determined the distance between winding.Hope at present requires this coupling is reduced to minimum in some cases, may use the big angle of pitch thus; Can be sure of frequency, use at least 45 ° the angle of pitch may not have big coupling for 1900MHZ.
On the other hand, also expectation requirement coupling in some cases at present.When the helical form winding abuts against a time-out, the coupling that mainly is capacitive that high frequency has been increased tends to increase the electromagnetism length of this add ons.In addition, by selecting Control Parameter, for example the dielectric constant of the angle of pitch and Cylinder 26 is controlled the permission of coupling amount selectively in frequency f 1Selection is along the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of this add ons and the directional diagram of this antenna.By changing the angle of pitch of giving prominence to the length on ground plane, should produce the add ons of spatial pattern ai with field intensity and power density.This directional diagram is more more complicated than one pole.For as example depicted in figure 5, can change pitch from, make add ons comprise many high coupling (fine pitch angle Ψ that have 2) section, they are by having little or not having coupling (coarse pitch angle Ψ 1) section separately, produce the antenna pattern that matches with wire antenna array element thus.
What it will be appreciated that is that applicant's invention also comprises a kind of dual-band antenna, wherein helix element 30 is excited, and linear element 28 adds, though should believe, because more complicated relatively impedance matching and the difficulty of being made by coaxial cable, so a kind of device is not preferred at present.In this antenna, screw element 30 will play the dipole effect of a coiling of picture, and the length of inner wire 28 may need careful adjustment.
Those skilled in the art will be understood, and the present invention can implement by other means and not break away from its fundamental property.Therefore, embodiment described above will be interpreted as an illustration in all respects and be unrestricted.Scope of the present invention is limited by following claim.

Claims (13)

1. one kind by having an outer conductor, a kind of dielectric material, and the coaxial cable of an inner wire makes the method for electromagnetic antenna, inner wire is placed in this dielectric material, comprises step:
Partly peel off conductor from coaxial cable, expose dielectric material thus;
Helical form is twined extra conductor on the dielectric material that exposes; And
This part and extra conductor be placed on plane electrical ground to be had among the collaborative relation of electromagnetism;
Wherein this part has first predetermined electrical length, and this extra conductor has second predetermined electrical length.
2. the method for claim 1 also comprises the step that this extra conductor is fixed to dielectric material with a kind of adhesive.
3. the process of claim 1 wherein that first predetermined length is essentially 1/4 of first predetermined wavelength, and second predetermined length is essentially 1/2 of second predetermined wavelength.
4. the method for claim 3, wherein first predetermined length is 9.4cm, and second predetermined length is 7.9cm.
5. the process of claim 1 wherein that this part and extra conductor are configured to basically perpendicular to this plane electrical ground.
6. the method for claim 1 also comprises by the angle of pitch that changes winding and controls coupling amount between the extra conductor winding selectively, and consequent add ons has the step of the spatial pattern ai of the electromagnetic field intensity of selection and power density.
7. electromagnetic antenna comprises:
Have the coaxial cable part of first predetermined electrical length, this coaxial cable has an outer conductor, a dielectric material, and be placed on inner wire in the dielectric material, wherein, outer conductor is removed from this part, so this part is an electromagnetism one pole;
One add ons comprises that helical form is wrapped in this part dielectric material conductor on every side, and wherein this add ons has second predetermined electrical length; And
One electrical ground planar configuration having among the collaborative relation of electromagnetism with this part and add ons.
8. the antenna of claim 7, wherein add ons with a kind of adhesive to the dielectric material of this part.
9. the antenna of claim 7, wherein first predetermined length is essentially 1/4 of first predetermined wavelength, and second predetermined length is essentially 1/2 of second predetermined wavelength.
10. the antenna of claim 9, wherein first predetermined length is 9.4cm, and second predetermined length is 7.9cm.
11. the antenna of claim 7, wherein the plane is configured to be basically perpendicular to this part and add ons electrical ground.
12. the antenna of claim 7, wherein the angle of pitch of the winding of add ons changes, so that produce the electromagnetic field intensity of selection and the spatial pattern ai of power density.
13. the antenna of claim 7, wherein add ons is encouraged by a signal of telecommunication.
CN97199388A 1996-09-05 1997-08-12 Coaxial dual-band antenna Pending CN1235704A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70657296A 1996-09-05 1996-09-05
US08/706,572 1996-09-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1235704A true CN1235704A (en) 1999-11-17

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ID=24838178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN97199388A Pending CN1235704A (en) 1996-09-05 1997-08-12 Coaxial dual-band antenna

Country Status (8)

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KR (1) KR20000068463A (en)
CN (1) CN1235704A (en)
AR (1) AR009538A1 (en)
AU (1) AU3828897A (en)
CO (1) CO4700365A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19781979T1 (en)
ID (1) ID17740A (en)
WO (1) WO1998010485A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1825708B (en) * 2005-02-24 2011-03-23 智易科技股份有限公司 Cable antenna device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5923305A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-07-13 Ericsson Inc. Dual-band helix antenna with parasitic element and associated methods of operation
JPH11234026A (en) 1997-12-18 1999-08-27 Whitaker Corp:The Dual-band antenna
US6336036B1 (en) 1998-07-08 2002-01-01 Ericsson Inc. Retractable dual-band tapped helical radiotelephone antennas
FI19992563A (en) 1999-11-30 2001-05-31 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Method and antenna arrangement for connecting external antennas to the communication unit
DE10207703B4 (en) 2002-02-22 2005-06-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Antenna for a receiving and / or transmitting device, in particular as a roof antenna for motor vehicles
AU2003214696A1 (en) * 2002-04-04 2003-10-20 E.M.W. Antenna Co., Ltd. Dual band antenna
US6765536B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2004-07-20 Motorola, Inc. Antenna with variably tuned parasitic element
EP1696508A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-30 Arcadyan Technology Corp. Cable antenna structure
WO2008108607A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-12 Ace Antenna Corp. Multi band built-in antenna
DE102007055234A1 (en) * 2007-11-20 2009-06-10 Continental Automotive Gmbh Multi-band receiving antenna module
AT517809B1 (en) 2015-08-19 2017-11-15 Anton Paar Gmbh Fixing mechanism for scanning probe microscope that can be actuated without tools by a master power and a probe releasably fixing

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US4504834A (en) * 1982-12-22 1985-03-12 Motorola, Inc. Coaxial dipole antenna with extended effective aperture
US4494122A (en) * 1982-12-22 1985-01-15 Motorola, Inc. Antenna apparatus capable of resonating at two different frequencies
US4868576A (en) * 1988-11-02 1989-09-19 Motorola, Inc. Extendable antenna for portable cellular telephones with ground radiator
DE4321233A1 (en) * 1992-11-03 1994-05-05 Siemens Ag Half wave antenna esp. for mobile radio - has coaxial supply line arrangement with aerial proper formed by screen element and inner conductor
US5617105A (en) * 1993-09-29 1997-04-01 Ntt Mobile Communications Network, Inc. Antenna equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1825708B (en) * 2005-02-24 2011-03-23 智易科技股份有限公司 Cable antenna device

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Publication number Publication date
AU3828897A (en) 1998-03-26
WO1998010485A1 (en) 1998-03-12
DE19781979T1 (en) 1999-11-11
CO4700365A1 (en) 1998-12-29
ID17740A (en) 1998-01-22
KR20000068463A (en) 2000-11-25
AR009538A1 (en) 2000-04-26

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