CN1235077A - Method and apparatus for control of wire-electrode discharge cutting - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for control of wire-electrode discharge cutting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1235077A
CN1235077A CN 98101784 CN98101784A CN1235077A CN 1235077 A CN1235077 A CN 1235077A CN 98101784 CN98101784 CN 98101784 CN 98101784 A CN98101784 A CN 98101784A CN 1235077 A CN1235077 A CN 1235077A
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discharge
time
voltage
circuit
negative
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CN 98101784
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CN1069856C (en
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李锡滨
李祥国
戴亚君
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Yate Precision Machinery Co Ltd
Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Yate Precision Machinery Co Ltd
Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for controlling the linear cutting by discharge and its equipment to avoid the electrolysis of workpiece and improve quality of die. Said equipment is composed of pulse generator, low-negative-voltage power supply, low-positive-voltage power supply, and high-negative-voltage power supply. The discharge waveform is controlled on full-crystal discharge structure. The machined gap is examined by low voltage before each high-voltage discharge to determine if current discharge is normal discharging or arc discharging or open circuit. Then the energy for high-voltage discharge is regulated for higher speed and stability. According to the output of low-voltage ignitor's phase-changing controller, the polarity of igniting voltage is switched in order to realize alternative current ignition.

Description

Line cutting discharge processing control method and device
The invention relates to line cutting discharge processing control method and device, particularly about a kind of situation, the line cutting discharge processing control method and the device that carry out the adjustment of electrion energy with interchange igniting low-voltage detection machining gap.
Traditional line cutting discharge processing loop is to adopt the unipolarity power supply to light a fire and process, and as shown in Figure 1,1 be impulse generator, and 2 be the negative high-voltage power circuit, and 3 is to bear the LVPS circuit, and 4 is the line utmost point, and 5 is workpiece.Its mode of operation is as follows: at first, produce control signal with switch 6 conductings (ON) by impulse generator 1, negative low-voltage source 7 execute voltage between the line utmost point 4 and workpiece 5 discharging gap with the detection of lighting a fire, once being lower than reference voltage Vref, gap voltage then represents to light a fire successfully, then with switch 6 shutoffs (OFF) and with switch 10 conductings, then the service voltage in negative high-voltage source 11 can put on the gap via switch 10 and processes, after one period process-cycle, switch 10 also is turned off, so discharging gap enters the state of the insulation recovery that stops, after cycle through one section shutoff (OFF), switch 6 conducting once again is to carry out next complete igniting discharge cycle.Resistance 8 is current-limiting resistances in the negative LVPS circuit 3, and the electric current when preventing to discharge is excessive; Diode 9 voltage reversal of negative high voltage power source 11 when preventing to discharge enters negative low-tension supply 7.This discharge framework and control method are because adopt the unipolarity power supply, make workpiece 5 be in positive polarity always, the line utmost point 4 is positioned at negative polarity, and under the situation that with water is the processing dielectric, so can cause the workpiece 5 that is positioned at positive pole in processed, also electrolysis can take place, so the workpiece 5 surfaces slight crack that also therefore can produce electrolysis causes oxidation, gets rusty, and result not only machined surface roughness worsens the life-span that also can reduce mould simultaneously.
The present invention's purpose is adjusted the line cutting discharge processing control method and the device of the energy of discharge for a kind of situation of detection discharging gap is provided according to the result of igniting.
Another object of the present invention is provides a kind of cumulative time of utilizing timing circuit to write down low-tension ignition, to adjust the polarity of ignition voltage according to the cumulative time, exchange line cutting discharge processing control method and the device that the generation of electrolysis phenomenon is avoided in igniting and reach.
The present invention's line cutting discharge processing control method comprises the following steps:
(1) at first, determine the polarity of low-tension ignition according to the output of low-tension ignition commutation control circuit, if the negative polarity igniting then makes the switch conduction of negative LVPS circuit, impose at discharging gap-negative voltage of detection, if positive polarity igniting then makes the switch conduction of positive LVPS circuit, impose at discharging gap-positive voltage of detection;
(2) after T1 after a while, begin to detect the height of discharge gap voltage, if gap voltage does not enter in the window shape comparison range that reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 set up, then expression discharge this time is regular picture or open circuit; If gap voltage has entered in the scope of reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 this moment, then expression discharge this time is arc discharge; If through after one section longer time T 2, voltage does not enter in the scope of Vref1 and Vref2 yet, represents that then discharging gap keeps open circuit;
(3) if this discharge belongs to regular picture or arc discharge, then with the switch conduction of high voltage power supply circuit, impose high discharge voltage at discharging gap, and control different discharge time (OnTime), the time that makes arc discharge is half of regular picture time approximately slightly; After discharge, the high voltage power supply circuit switch is turn-offed, and grant the stop time (Off Time) of difference;
(4),, and directly enter of short duration stop time T3 then not with the switch conduction of high voltage power supply circuit if this discharge is to belong to open-circuit condition;
(5) after this stop time T3 finishes, enter next igniting discharge cycle;
(6) in the process of low-tension ignition, use one group of timer that the low-tension ignition time is carried out timing, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity does not reach setting-up time T4, then allow igniting next time to adopt same polarity, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity has reached setting-up time T4, then next igniting will change polarity of voltage, ignition voltage be produced exchange to change.
The present invention's line cutting discharge Working control device, composition comprises: negative LVPS circuit, positive LVPS circuit, high voltage power supply circuit, and impulse generator, and this impulse generator is controlled this negative LVPS circuit, positive LVPS circuit, and the power supply timing of high voltage power supply circuit according to different discharged condition; This high voltage power supply circuit all went to detect the situation of machining gap with negative LVPS circuit or positive LVPS circuit before high-pressure discharge each time, judge that this time discharge is to be regular picture, arc discharge or open circuit, carry out the adjustment of electrion energy again; And according to the output of low-tension ignition commutation control circuit, the polarity of switching point ignition voltage reaches the purpose that exchanges igniting.
By following detailed description, conjunction with figs., above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and other advantage will become more obvious, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of known wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of impulse generator in the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the present invention's wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus mesolow igniting commutation control;
Fig. 5 is a window type comparator action schematic diagram among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the present invention's waveform and the sequential chart of wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus when regular picture;
Fig. 7 is the present invention's waveform and the sequential chart of wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus when arc discharge;
Fig. 8 is the present invention's waveform and the sequential chart of wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus when opening a way;
Fig. 9 for the present invention's wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus in the sequential chart of low-tension ignition commutation controller.
The circuit diagram of the present invention's wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus as shown in Figure 2, wherein 1a is an impulse generator, produces to make transistor switch 6,10,12 control signal (signal mode is respectively S1, S2, S3) of conductings or shutoff respectively; Resistor 8, diode 9, switch 6 and negative low-voltage source 7 constitute negative LVPS circuit; Resistor 8, switch 12, diode 13 and positive low-voltage source 14 constitute positive LVPS circuit; 2 is the negative high-voltage power circuit; Electric current when ignition circuit upper flow resistor 8 prevents to discharge is excessive, and diode 9,13 is in order to the current path of restriction ignition circuit.
The present invention's wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus is according to the sequential of different discharged condition by impulse generator 1a gauge tap 6,10,12, and its method is as follows:
(1) at first, determine the polarity of low-tension ignition according to the output of low-tension ignition commutation control circuit, if the negative polarity igniting then makes switch 6 conductings, impose one at discharging gap and detect voltage V1 (negative voltage), if the positive polarity igniting then makes switch 12 conductings, impose-detect voltage V3 (positive voltage) at discharging gap.
(2) afterwards, begin to detect the height of discharge gap voltage through T1 (being about 1 μ s-2 μ s) after a while, if voltage does not enter in the window shape comparison range that reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 set up, then expression discharge this time is regular picture or open circuit; If gap voltage has entered in the scope of reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 this moment, then expression discharge this time is arc discharge; If afterwards, voltage does not enter in the scope of Vref1 and Vref2 yet through one section longer time T 2 (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s), represent that then discharging gap keeps open circuit.
(3) if this discharge belongs to regular picture or arc discharge, then with switch 10 conductings, impose discharge voltage V2 at discharging gap, and control different discharge time (On Time), the time that makes arc discharge is half of regular picture time approximately slightly, energy is excessive and cause broken string when preventing electric arc processes, process velocity is promoted, after discharge, switch 10 is turn-offed, and grant stop time (Off Time) of difference, recover insulation in order to discharging gap.
(4) if this discharge is to belong to open-circuit condition,, and directly enter the of short duration stop time (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s) then not with switch 10 conductings.
(5) after stop time (Off Time) end, enter next igniting discharge cycle.
(6) in the process of low-tension ignition, use one group of timer that the low-tension ignition time is carried out timing, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity does not reach setting-up time (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s), then allow igniting next time to adopt same polarity, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity has reached setting-up time, then next igniting will change polarity of voltage, ignition voltage be produced exchange to change.
The circuit block diagram of impulse generator 1a in Fig. 2 as shown in Figure 3.Voltage feedback between the workpiece 5 and the line utmost point 4 is introduced window type comparator (Window Comparator) 15 by discharging gap, and the output signal of window type comparator 15 enters logic control circuit 16 to judge the discharge condition in gap.Discharge time (On Time) and stop time (Off Time) are set the original state of counting circuit 19 via input port 18 by master control computer (HostComputer) 17, and time base produce circuit (Time-base Generator) 20 be used for producing counting and logic control needed with reference to the time base, low-tension ignition commutation control circuit (the Phase-convert contro1 circuitfor low-voltage ignition) voltage source that 21 usefulness decide next light-off period to adopt, final control signal 23 is controlled transistor switch 6 by output port 22,10, conducting/shutoff of 12.
The circuit block diagram of the low-tension ignition commutation control circuit 21 in Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 4.The signal S1 that puts on switch 6 and the signal S3 that puts on switch 12 are respectively the ignition signal of different polarity of voltages, the high-frequency clock pulse signal (Clock) of base generation circuit 20 is a carrier wave when utilizing, as timer 24, triggering signal is counted in 25 go up, count the ON time of S1 and S3 respectively, its output signal S1-disable and S3-disable are respectively the inhibit signal of S1 and S3, polarity in order to the control point ignition voltage, T-SET1 and T-SET2 signal are used for setting the count value (40 μ s-60 μ s) of timer 24 and timer 25, and this value can be by 17 decisions of master control computer.Wherein or (OR) input 27,28,29 of door 26 be respectively regular picture (Normal), arc discharge (Arc), with the status signals of open circuit (Open).
When polarity according to the output S1-disable of low-tension ignition commutation control circuit 21 and S3-disable decision low-tension ignition, if the negative polarity igniting then makes switch 6 (signal S1) conducting, impose-detect voltage V1 (negative voltage) at discharging gap, if the positive polarity igniting then makes switch 12 (signal S3) conducting, impose-detect voltage V3 (positive voltage) at discharging gap, the window type comparator 15 of impulse generator 1a begins to detect the gap voltage Vgap through overdamping simultaneously.
Through T1 (being about 1 μ s-2 μ s) after a while afterwards, if voltage does not enter in the window shape comparison range that reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 set up, then expression discharge this time is regular picture (Normal) or open circuit (Open), if gap voltage has entered in the scope of reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 this moment, then expression discharge this time is arc discharge (Arc), if afterwards through one section longer time T 2 (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s), voltage does not enter in the scope of Vref1 and Vref2 yet, represents that then discharging gap keeps open circuit.
If this discharge belongs to regular picture or arc discharge, then with switch 10 conductings, impose discharge voltage V2 at discharging gap, and control different discharge time (On Time), the time (Arc on time) that makes arc discharge is half of slightly regular picture (Normal on time) time approximately, energy is excessive and cause broken string when preventing electric arc processes, and process velocity is promoted.After discharge, switch 10 is turn-offed, and grant the different stop time (Off Time), recover insulation in order to discharging gap.The sequential chart of regular picture as shown in Figure 6, the sequential chart of arc discharge is as shown in Figure 7.
If this discharge is to belong to open-circuit condition, does not then open switch 10, and directly enter the of short duration stop time (being about 4 μ s-6 μ s).Once the generation open-circuit condition, then next light-off period just can change the polarity of ignition voltage, with the voltage change that obtains exchanging, avoids the electrolysis phenomenon.The sequential chart of open circuit as shown in Figure 8.
Fig. 5 is window type comparator 15 action schematic diagrames among Fig. 3.Reference voltage Vref 1 is the reference voltage of first comparator (CMP1), and reference voltage Vref 2 is the reference voltage of second comparator (CMP2), and the Vref1 positive voltage is higher than the absolute value of Vref2 negative voltage in this example.Do not enter in the window shape comparison range that reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 set up when detecting discharge gap voltage Vgap, then expression discharge this time is regular picture or open circuit; If gap voltage Vgap has entered in the scope of reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 this moment, then expression discharge this time is arc discharge; If through after one longer period, voltage does not enter in the scope of Vref1 and Vref2 yet, represents that then discharging gap keeps open circuit.Vs is the signal output waveform of window type comparator 15 among the figure, and the Vs signal enters logic control circuit 16 to judge the discharge condition in gap.
Fig. 6 is the waveform and the sequential chart of regular picture.Impulse generator 1a produces control signal S1, S2, the S3 that makes transistor switch 6,10,12 difference conductings or shutoff.DMP is for making the cycle initial signal of transistor switch 6,12 conductings, (is about (1 μ s-2 μ sl) and afterwards, begins to detect the height of discharge gap voltage Vgap through T1 after a while in switch 6 conductings.So in the example behind detection time T1 voltage Vgap do not enter in the window shape comparison range that reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 set up, then expression discharge this time is regular picture or open circuit, but the discharge gap voltage Vgap that detects in preset time has subsequently entered in the window shape comparison range that Vref1 and Vref2 set up, and therefore discharge this time is regular picture.During regular picture processing, impose voltage V2, produce the processing electric current Igap of triangular wave, after the processing discharge, make switch 10 turn-off (S2 signal), give and stop time (Off Time), recover insulation in order to discharging gap at discharging gap.
Fig. 7 is the waveform and the sequential chart of arc discharge.If T1 time inner width voltage Vgap has entered in the scope of reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 after switch 6 conductings, then expression discharge this time is arc discharge; In discharge time (On Time), the time that makes arc discharge is half of regular picture time approximately slightly, and energy is excessive and cause broken string when preventing electric arc processes.After arc discharge, switch 10 is turn-offed, and grant the stop time (Off Time) of difference, recover insulation in order to discharging gap.
Fig. 8 is the waveform and the sequential chart of open circuit.If afterwards through one section longer time T 2 (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s), gap voltage Vgap does not enter in the scope of Vref1 and Vref2 yet, represent that then discharging gap keeps open circuit, wherein the OPN signal is for making the waveform of transistor switch 6,12 conducting timing open circuit period T 2.If this discharge is to belong to open-circuit condition,, and directly enter the of short duration stop time (being about 4 μ s-6 μ s) then not with switch 10 conductings.
Fig. 9 is a low-tension ignition commutation control circuit sequential chart.In the process of low-tension ignition, use one group of timer that the low-tension ignition time is carried out timing, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity does not reach setting-up time (being about 40 μ s-60 μ s), then allow igniting next time to adopt same polarity, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity has reached setting-up time, lighting a fire 3 times as S1 among the figure, the CNT1 cumulative time of timer 24 has reached setting-up time, then next igniting will change polarity of voltage, promptly become the activation of S1-disable signal, S3-disable signal forbidden energy, ignition voltage is produced exchange to change, and add up timing by the CNT2 of timer 25.
Ignition voltage V1 among embodiment of the invention Fig. 2 and the igniting gate time T-SET1 among V3 and Fig. 4 and T-SET2 are and can adjust, if Vi=V3 and T_SET1=T_SET2, then can make the igniting average voltage is 0.If improve the effect of the anti-system of electrolysis, can make V3>V1 or T_SET2>T_SET1, can guarantee that so workpiece is a negative polarity with respect to the line utmost point.
Carry out discharge waveform control with the present invention's line cutting discharge processing control method with device and can make discharge energy be controlled at optimal scope, and have the function of the automatic commutation of ignition voltage, obtain high speed, do not break, prevent the processing effect of electrolysis.
Though the present invention has borrowed embodiment to be illustrated, ought to understand under the broad spirit and viewpoint situation that in claims scope of the present invention, are defined, various alter modes or modification all should belong to the present invention's scope.

Claims (9)

1. a line cuts the discharge processing control method, and this method comprises the following step:
(1) use low-tension ignition commutation control circuit that the low-tension ignition time is carried out timing, if the igniting cumulative time of same polarity does not reach setting-up time T4, then allow igniting next time to adopt same polarity, if the igniting cumulative time T4 of same polarity has reached setting-up time, then next igniting will change polarity of voltage;
(2),,, positive polarity then imposes-positive voltage of detection at discharging gap if lighting a fire if the negative polarity igniting then imposes at discharging gap-negative voltage of detections according to the polarity of the output of low-tension ignition commutation control circuit decision low-tension ignition;
(3) be the variation that the second reference time signal that the first reference time signal of T1 and cycle is T2 comes detector gap voltage with the cycle, T1<T2 wherein, judge that with the window shape comparator this time discharge is to be regular picture, arc discharge, or open circuit, if gap voltage is T1 enters window shape reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 scope relatively within the time in, then arc discharge takes place in expression, if gap voltage just enters within the time in the window shape reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 scope relatively at T1 and T2, then represent regular picture, do not enter yet in the window shape reference voltage Vref 1 and Vref2 scope relatively if surpass the T2 time, then expression keeps open circuit;
(4) if this discharge belongs to regular picture or arc discharge, then impose discharge voltage at discharging gap, and control different discharge time (On Time), the time that makes arc discharge is half of regular picture time approximately slightly; After discharge, grant the stop time (Off Time) of difference; And
(5) if this discharge is to belong to open-circuit condition, does not then impose discharge voltage, and directly enter of short duration stop time T3; Next time, igniting changed polarity of voltage, to obtain exchanging the effect of igniting.
2. line according to claim 1 cuts the discharge processing control method, and wherein this T1 is about 1 μ s-2 μ s; T2 is about 40 μ s-60 μ s; T3 is about 4 μ s-6 μ s; T4 is about 40 μ s-60 μ s.
3. a line cuts the discharge Working control device, and composition comprises:
Negative LVPS circuit is with the situation of negative low-voltage detection machining gap;
Positive LVPS circuit is with the situation of positive low-voltage detection machining gap;
High voltage power supply circuit puts on machining gap with high-voltage discharge and processes; And
Impulse generator is controlled this negative LVPS circuit, positive LVPS circuit, and the power supply timing of high voltage power supply circuit according to different discharged condition;
Whereby, this high voltage power supply circuit all went to detect the situation of machining gap with negative LVPS circuit or positive LVPS circuit before high-pressure discharge each time, judge that this time discharge is to be regular picture, arc discharge or open circuit, carry out the adjustment of electrion energy again, and output according to low-tension ignition commutation control circuit, the polarity of switching point ignition voltage reaches the purpose that exchanges igniting.
4. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 3 discharge Working control device, wherein this high voltage power supply circuit is the negative high-voltage power circuit.
5. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 3 discharge Working control device, wherein this line cutting discharge Working control device is a holocrystalline body formula framework.
6. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 3 discharge Working control device, wherein this impulse generator comprises fenestrate type comparator and logic control circuit, voltage between the workpiece and the line utmost point is fed back to window type comparator, and the output signal of window type comparator delivered to logic control circuit, to judge the discharge condition in gap.
7. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 3 discharge Working control device, wherein this low-tension ignition commutation control circuit is to utilize going up of timer to count triggering signal, the negative LVPS circuit of counting and the just ON time of LVPS circuit respectively, to make comparisons, come the commutation of control point ignition voltage polarity with the reference time.
8. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 3 discharge Working control device, wherein the value of this positive LVPS is greater than the absolute value of bearing LVPS.
9. as the cutting of the line as described in the claim 7 discharge Working control device, reference time of making comparisons with the ON time of this positive LVPS circuit wherein, be greater than the reference time of making comparisons with ON time that should negative LVPS circuit.
CN98101784A 1998-05-08 1998-05-08 Method and apparatus for control of wire-electrode discharge cutting Expired - Lifetime CN1069856C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN1069856C CN1069856C (en) 2001-08-22

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US6930273B2 (en) 2001-01-23 2005-08-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Power supply unit for wire electrical discharge machining and method of wire electrical discharge machining
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US9421626B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2016-08-23 Industrial Technology Research Institute Apparatus and method for electrical discharge machining modulation control
CN105121316A (en) * 2013-02-04 2015-12-02 安卡有限公司 Pulse and gap control for electrical discharge machining equipment
CN107775126A (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-09 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 Electrical discharge machining pulse power and its control method
CN107322109A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-07 江苏冬庆数控机床有限公司 The circuit and method of a kind of suppression/elimination electric-spark drilling finished surface orifice flanging
CN107322109B (en) * 2017-08-17 2023-04-25 江苏冬庆数控机床有限公司 Circuit and method for inhibiting/eliminating flanging of orifice of electric spark perforation processing surface

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