CN1233369C - Ginkgo leaf powder for injection and its prepn - Google Patents
Ginkgo leaf powder for injection and its prepn Download PDFInfo
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- CN1233369C CN1233369C CN 03131959 CN03131959A CN1233369C CN 1233369 C CN1233369 C CN 1233369C CN 03131959 CN03131959 CN 03131959 CN 03131959 A CN03131959 A CN 03131959A CN 1233369 C CN1233369 C CN 1233369C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a ginkgo biloba extract powder injection which comprises 1 part by weight of ginkgo biloba extract, 1 to 4 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl betacyclodextrin and 0.02 to 0.08 part by weight of acid base regulator meglumine or sodium bicarbonate. The preparation method of the present invention comprises the steps that the ginkgo biloba extract is taken; the hydroxypropyl betacyclodextrin is added and proportionally and homogeneously nixed; the acid base regulator is added; the mixture is filtered; filter liquid is ultrafiltered by an ultrafiltration membrane of 50000 to 150000 dalton; the powder injection is directly prepared from ultrafiltration liquid by sterile freeze drying or sterile spray drying. On the basis that the effective components are sufficiently reserved, the present invention effectively removes impurities of macromolecules, pyrogens, particles (comprising resin exfoliation), microorganisms, etc. in the original extract and obviously improves the safety and the stability of the present invention.
Description
(technical field)
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of ginkgo leaf extract powder injection and this ginkgo leaf extract powder injection, belong to the field of Chinese medicines.
(background technology)
Folium Ginkgo is the leaf of Ginkgoaceae Ginkgo plant Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba L.).Semen Ginkgo is China special product plant, is one of Relict Plant in existing ancient times.The extract of Folium Ginkgo has certain effect to treatment coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, myocardial infarction, expansion of cerebral vascular, cerebral blood flow increasing amount, treatment ischemic encephalopathy.Modern medicine study proves that various active chemical analysis such as flavone compound, terpenoid are contained at Folium Ginkgo and other position, have many-sided physiological activity.It is reported that main flavone compound Quercetin, nimbecetin and the isorhamnetin etc. in the Folium Ginkgo reduce serum cholesterol for improving the heart, cerebral blood circulation, loose bronchus has better curative effect.People have isolated ginkalide A, B, C, bilobalide etc. from Folium Ginkgo at present, nineteen eighty-three Picrrg G Braquct finds, ginkalide B (Ginkgolide B) has the PAF antagonist of height specificity, this experiment is to be in that isolating paf receptor carries out on the rabbit platelet cell membrane, experimental result proves that ginkalide B all has inhibitory action to guinea pig bronchial contraction, hematocrit value increase, platelet and the lymphopenia that is caused by PAF.Bilobalide treatment asthmatic tracheitis total effective rate is 97%, has received the concern of the world today as the PAF antagonist.According to the literature, from Folium Ginkgo, extract the ginkgolide compound obtain, be hopeful to be used for the rejection effect of human body after the organ transplantation of antagonism allosome.
At present, gingko leaf preparation has multiple, and wherein there is following major defect in ginkgo leaf extract freeze dried powder injection: drug solution before the lyophilizing is adjusted to alkalescence, makes bilobalide open loop dissolving, and make the flavone salify.After medicinal liquid was adjusted to alkalescence, bilobalide open loop meeting caused mutual conversion between each lactone composition and instability, and also oxidation easily can make the mass discrepancy of preparation bigger behind the flavone salify.This freeze dried ginkgo leaf powder does not adopt ultrafiltration technology, in the Folium Ginkgo extract (macromole, pyrogen, microgranule, microorganism etc.) are difficult to remove to the influential impurity of preparation security, can influence the safety of injection.
(summary of the invention)
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ginkgo leaf extract powder injection that apoplexy has definite curative effect for the treatment of, it can overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of existing ginkgo leaf extract freeze dried powder injection, has high-purity, high curative effect, the characteristics of high security and stability.Improve drug effect.
Another object of the present invention also is to extract the preparation method of above-mentioned gingko leaf powder for injection, effectively removing the macromole harmful components, keeps effective ingredient, make preparation safety, stable, curative effect is high.
Gingko leaf powder for injection of the present invention contains Folium Ginkgo extract 1 weight portion, HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN 1-4 weight portion, acid-base modifier meglumine or sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.08 weight portion.Above-mentioned Folium Ginkgo extract meets " the Folium Ginkgo extract quality standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia [regulation in 2002.
The preparation method of gingko leaf powder for injection of the present invention is as follows:
Getting Folium Ginkgo, be ground into coarse powder, is that 40%～80% (weight) alcoholic solution extracts at 60～70 ℃ of following warm macerating with concentration, and decompression recycling ethanol concentrates, and thin up leaves standstill, and filters; Filtrate is by absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin, and is colourless to effluent with distilled water flushing, uses the Diluted Alcohol eluting, collects eluent, and drying under reduced pressure reclaims ethanol, refining, gets Folium Ginkgo extract; Get this Folium Ginkgo extract 1 weight portion, add HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN 1-4 weight portion gradually, the high speed dispersion mixing; The acid-base modifier of getting the 0.02-0.08 weight portion with the dissolving of 0.4-1.6 weight parts water after, slowly add in the said mixture under the high speed dispersion, regulate pH value to 6-7, this acid-base modifier is a kind of in meglumine or the sodium bicarbonate, mixing; Leave standstill, filter; Above filtrate with the ultrafiltration of 50000-150000 dalton filter membrane, is replenished water for injection 42-55 weight portion in the gained ultrafiltrate, aseptic subpackaged in the sterilization cillin bottle, lyophilization, tamponade, gland promptly gets freeze dried ginkgo leaf powder of the present invention.The present invention also can will be sub-packed in the cillin bottle after the aseptic spray drying of ultrafiltrate, tamponade, and gland promptly gets the aseptic spray powder injection of Folium Ginkgo of the present invention.
Adopted the HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN inclusion technique among the preparation technology of the present invention, increase the dissolubility of Folium Ginkgo extract in water, hydrotropy water insoluble active ingredient wherein effectively, the homogeneity and the stability of preparation have been increased, make Folium Ginkgo extract fully be dissolved into true solution, purify so that carry out ultrafiltration; Adopt meglumine or sodium bicarbonate as acid-base modifier, medicinal liquid is adjusted to nearly neutrality, can avoid the bilobalide open loop to change; Select the ultrafilter membrane of certain molecular weight flux for use, fully keep effective ingredient such as Semen Ginkgo lactone and ginkgetin glycoside and reach the high clearance that the macromole in the former extract, pyrogen, microgranule, microorganism etc. is had a strong impact on the impurity of injection safety, particularly Folium Ginkgo extract adopts in macroporous adsorbent resin technology, have the microgranule of resin wear thing during production, can remove resin particle through ultrafiltration technology, improve the safety and the stability of preparation significantly; In addition, HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN still is good forming agent, the medicinal liquid that this inclusion technique is made not only is applicable to lyophilization technology, also be highly suitable for drying process with atomizing, therefore this medicinal liquid can adopt lyophilization or aseptic spray drying technology, medicinal liquid does not destroy wherein effective ingredient in dry run, obtain the injectable powder of same quality, guarantees the curative effect of medicine.
The preparation of embodiment one freeze dried ginkgo leaf powder
Get the Folium Ginkgo coarse powder, the concentration that adds 8 times of amounts is the alcoholic solution of 60% (weight), and warm macerating is 3 hours under 60～70 ℃ of temperature, filters.Add the alcoholic solution of 60% concentration of 7 times of amounts in the filtering residue, warm macerating is 2 hours under 60～70 ℃ of temperature, filters.Merge above two filtrates, the filtrate decompression drying makes material be concentrated into 1/3rd of original volume, and reclaims ethanol.Material thin up after should concentrating was placed 24 hours to two times of original volume, filtered.Filtrate is by absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin, and is colourless to effluent with distilled water flushing, is that 80% alcoholic solution is a solvent elution with concentration, collects eluent, and drying under reduced pressure reclaims ethanol, and until removing moisture, refining, Folium Ginkgo extract.
Get Folium Ginkgo extract 88g, add 3000ml water for injection (50～70 ℃), stir, add HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN 176g gradually, the high speed dispersion mixing; Get meglumine 5.72g 100ml water dissolution, when high speed dispersion, slowly add mixing; Leave standstill, filter; Filtrate is the ultrafilter membrane ultrafiltration of 100,000 molecular weight through flux, replenishes water for injection to 4000ml in the gained ultrafiltrate, and it is aseptic subpackaged in the sterilization cillin bottle, every bottle of 4ml, and lyophilization, tamponade, gland promptly gets freeze dried ginkgo leaf powder of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment two Folium Ginkgo spray powder injections
Adopt embodiment one same procedure to obtain ultrafiltrate, in ultrafiltrate, replenish water for injection to 5000ml, aseptic subsequently spray drying, get spray powder, spray powder is aseptic subpackaged in cillin bottle, every bottle of 268mg, tamponade, gland promptly gets Folium Ginkgo spray powder injection of the present invention.
The selection of embodiment three Folium Ginkgo lyophilized powder adjuvants
Technology by embodiment one gets Folium Ginkgo extract, get three groups of Folium Ginkgo extract, every group of 88mg, three groups of Folium Ginkgo extract add HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN by 1.5,2.0,2.5 times of amounts respectively, and regulate pH value to 6-7 with meglumine, all the other steps are identical with the powder process injection technology of embodiment one.By every bottle of 4ml, the packing of 6ml volume, the injectable powder mouldability is observed in lyophilizing (earlier-15 ℃ freezing 2 hours, again with-40 ℃ of pre-freezes 3 hours, put in the small frozen exsiccator lyophilizing 48 hours after waiting to freeze), sees Table 1 with the ultrafiltration medicinal liquid.
Table 1 different auxiliary material amount is to the mouldability impact analysis
| Medicine liquid volume (ml) | HD-beta-schardinger dextrin-(mg) | The preparation quality |
| 4 | 132 176 220 | The molding of powder pin is poor slightly, does not have obviously caking, and block is loose, and hole is big, color and luster is inhomogeneous.Powder pin or type are good, do not have obviously caking, and sedimentation is loose, and hole, color and luster are even.During the molding of powder pin, obvious caking is arranged, part has the atrophy shape, and big crazing is arranged, and freeze-drying time obviously prolongs. |
| 6 | 132 176 220 | The molding of powder pin is poor slightly, does not have obviously caking, and block is loose, and hole is big but inhomogeneous, and freeze-drying time is long.The molding of powder pin is good slightly, does not have obviously caking, and certain sedimentation is arranged, and hole, color and luster are inhomogeneous, and freeze-drying time is long.Powder pin or type are good, do not have obviously caking, and be loose, even, but freeze-drying time is very long. |
As known from Table 1, adjuvant HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN addition difference, the injectable powder mouldability there is different influences, when pressing the packing of 4ml medicinal liquid, the HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN consumption is a group of 176mg (being 2 times of consumptions of Folium Ginkgo extract powder), and the molding of powder pin is good, does not have obviously caking, sedimentation is loose, and hole, color and luster are even.When pressing the packing of 6ml medicinal liquid, then the HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN consumption is that 220mg (promptly of 3 times of consumptions group) is preferable, but required freeze-drying time is very long.In view of the above, the optimum condition that the present invention makes gingko leaf powder for injection is 2 times of weight portions of Folium Ginkgo extract powder for the beta-schardinger dextrin-consumption, presses the packing of 4ml medicinal liquid.Can remove pyrogen, antibacterial, resin wear microgranule etc. during ultrafiltration, after this safety, particularly injectable powder that improve injection can not carry out disinfection again, so the ultrafiltration technology process is particularly important.
The selection of embodiment four Folium Ginkgo lyophilized powder ultrafiltration conditions
Select rolling ultrafiltration polysulfone membrane main part for use, adopt the film of different molecular weight to carry out the ultrafiltration test, the content of total flavonoids and terpene lactone in the medicinal liquid of detection ultrafiltration front and back, find because of now the lactone molecular weight is less, 10,000 above molecular weight membrane ultrafiltration are little to total lactone content influence, but more obvious to the flavonoid glycoside composition influence.This example is an index with medicinal liquid total flavonoids content, each test specimen is carried out the different molecular weight ultrafilter membrane preferably compare, and calculates the relative rate of transform.Experimental result sees Table 2.
Table 2 ultrafiltration test result analysis
| Tested number | The membrane molecule amount | The total flavonoids rate of transform (%) |
| 1 2 3 | 10000 50000 100000 | 53.10 73.22 98.01 |
Annotate: " membrane molecule amount " is the membrane aperture index in the table, is meant the molecular weight that can see through the material of this film
As shown in Table 2, different aperture film has in various degree the influence of holding back to flavone component.The membrane molecule amount is more little, the rate of transform of flavone component correspondingly reduces, and 10000 the molecular weight film to the influence of the rate of transform of its total flavones significantly, composition holds back nearly 50%, and during membrane molecule amount 100000, then not obvious to composition influence, during membrane molecule amount 50000, medicinal liquid needs also can keep former effective composition preferably through the mode of operation that adds the pure water filter pressing repeatedly.Therefore selecting for use the less molecular weight of composition influence is that 100000 film carries out ultrafiltration.
Embodiment five gingko leaf powder for injection are sensitivity test initiatively
Get healthy nothing and hinder 6 of male guinea pigs, by sterile working's method, the back leg intramuscular injection is subjected to reagent thing 0.5ml next day of giving every Cavia porcellus, injects altogether 3 times, is divided into two groups then, 3 every group.First group of after intramuscular injection first is subjected to the reagent thing the 14th day is subjected to reagent thing 2ml from the jugular vein injection again; Second group of after intramuscular injection first is subjected to the reagent thing the 21st day attacked with method.After attacking administration, observe in 12 hours and have or not symptoms of allergic such as grabbing nose, hard hair, dyspnea, spasm, shock even death.The standard scoring is: 0 minute: no significant reaction; 1 minute: have only and slightly grab nose, tremble or erect hair; 2 minutes: have several times and cough, grab nose, tremble or erect hair; 3 minutes: repeatedly or continuously cough, with dyspnea or spasm, tic etc.; 4 minutes: spasm, tic, gatism, shock death.The result judges: marked 〉=2 o'clock, and be the hypersensitive test positive.Result of the test shows that to be subjected to twice challenge trial result of reagent all negative.
The test of embodiment six gingko leaf powder for injection passive anaphylaxis
Get 200 ± 20g male rat, after 1 of bacillus calmette-guerin vaccine (adjuvant) added the normal saline dilution of 2 times of amounts, add Radix Trichosanthis and fully be mixed into 2.5mg/mL, every Mus injection 0.4mL, inject 0.1mL respectively in the rat paw position, the remainder multi-point injection is in muscle and subcutaneous.Each injectable powder group is mixed with corresponding injection with the powder pin earlier on request, after then bacillus calmette-guerin vaccine being diluted with the doubling dose medicinal liquid, and every Mus injection 0.4mL, method is with the Radix Trichosanthis group.With each injectable powder and 4 rats of Radix Trichosanthis difference sensitization.Inject and got blood through carotid artery in back 10 days, the centrifugalize antiserum, put below-4 ℃ preserve standby.
Other gets 200 ± 20g normal rat, the back unhairing, respectively at the antiserum 0.1mL/ point of subcutaneous injection by each injectable powder and Radix Trichosanthis solution sensitization, azovan blue (azovan blue content is 1%) the solution 1mL/200g that the difference intravenous injection is prepared Radix Trichosanthis solution (2mg/mL) 1mL/200g and prepared with each injectable powder with 1% azovan blue behind the 48h.Put to death animal behind the 30min, the upset skin of back is measured and the blue reaction of record spot diameter size, and the locus coeruleus diameter is judged to be the positive the above person of 5mm.
The experimental result of table 3 locus coeruleus area
| Trial drug | Locus coeruleus diameter (mm) |
| The gingko leaf powder for injection of ultrafiltration is the gingko leaf powder for injection Radix Trichosanthis positive control of ultrafiltration not | 2.4±0.55 4.7±0.83 25.0±3.08 |
By table 3 as seen, the locus coeruleus diameter of positive compound Radix Trichosanthis all is strong positive reaction greater than 20mm, and the diameter of the locus coeruleus that brings out through the gingko leaf powder for injection of ultrafiltration belongs to and can not bring out the medicine scope that speed is sent out paraphilia far away all less than 5mm.The diameter of the locus coeruleus that brings out of the gingko leaf powder for injection of ultrafiltration does not approach 5mm, has to bring out the potential danger that speed is sent out paraphilia.
The test of embodiment seven gingko leaf powder for injection pyrogen tests
Choose healthy rabbits by the check of Chinese Pharmacopoeia appendix XIII A method, measure each rabbit anus body temperature, result such as table 4 with MC-3B computer numeral formula clinical thermometer.
The result of the test of table 4 pyrogen test
| The administration group | Body temperature before the administration (℃) | Body temperature after the administration (℃) | High fever ℃ | The fervescence sum (℃) | ||
| 1 hour | 2 hours | 3 hours | ||||
| The powder pin of ultrafiltration | 38.7 38.2 39.3 | 38.9 38.4 39.2 | 38.8 38.4 39.5 | 38.7 38.3 39.4 | 38.9 38.6 39.5 | 0.3 0.5 0.2 |
| Ultrafiltration powder pin not | 38.6 38.5 39.1 | 38.9 38.9 39.6 | 39.2 39.1 39.3 | 38.8 38.8 39.5 | 39.2 39.1 39.6 | 1.1 1.3 1.1 |
By table 4 as seen, the rabbit injection is through the powder pin of ultrafiltration, and fervescence is not obvious; And injection is without the powder pin of ultrafiltration, and body temperature slightly raises; The result shows that solution can be removed pyrogen through ultrafiltration, guarantees the safety of preparation.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of gingko leaf powder for injection is characterized in that preparing in accordance with the following methods: getting Folium Ginkgo, be ground into coarse powder, is that the alcoholic solution of 40～80 weight % extracts at 60～70 ℃ of following warm macerating with concentration, and decompression recycling ethanol concentrates, and thin up leaves standstill, and filters; Filtrate is by absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin, and is colourless to effluent with distilled water flushing, uses the Diluted Alcohol eluting, collects eluent, and drying under reduced pressure gets Folium Ginkgo extract; Get Folium Ginkgo extract 1 weight portion, add HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN 1-4 weight portion gradually, the high speed dispersion mixing; After getting the dissolving of acid-base modifier meglumine or sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.08 weight portion usefulness 0.4-1.6 weight parts water, slowly add mixing under the high speed dispersion, regulate pH value to 6-7; Leave standstill, filter; Filtrate with the ultrafiltration of 50000-150000 dalton filter membrane, is replenished water for injection 42-55 weight portion, the aseptic drying of medicinal liquid in the gained ultrafiltrate.
2, a kind of gingko leaf powder for injection according to claim 1 is characterized in that the HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN addition is 2 weight portions.
3, a kind of gingko leaf powder for injection according to claim 2 is characterized in that filtrate is with 100000 dalton's filter membrane ultrafiltration.
4. the gingko leaf powder for injection preparation method of claim 1 is characterized in that pressing step: get Folium Ginkgo, be ground into coarse powder, the alcoholic solution that with concentration is 40～80 weight % extracts at 60～70 ℃ of following warm macerating, and decompression recycling ethanol concentrates, thin up leaves standstill, and filters; Filtrate is by absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin, and is colourless to effluent with distilled water flushing, uses the Diluted Alcohol eluting, collects eluent, and drying under reduced pressure gets Folium Ginkgo extract; Get Folium Ginkgo extract 1 weight portion, add HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN 1-4 weight portion gradually, the high speed dispersion mixing; After getting the dissolving of acid-base modifier meglumine or sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.08 weight portion usefulness 0.4-1.6 weight parts water, slowly add mixing under the high speed dispersion, regulate pH value to 6-7; Leave standstill, filter; Filtrate with the ultrafiltration of 50000-150000 dalton filter membrane, is replenished water for injection 42-55 weight portion, the aseptic drying of medicinal liquid in the gained ultrafiltrate.
5. gingko leaf powder for injection preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the HYDROXYPROPYL BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN addition is 2 weight portions.
6. gingko leaf powder for injection preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that filtrate is with 100000 dalton's filter membrane ultrafiltration.
7. according to any described gingko leaf powder for injection preparation method among the claim 4-6, it is characterized in that medicinal liquid aseptic subpackaged in the sterilization cillin bottle, lyophilization.
8. gingko leaf powder for injection preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the aseptic spray drying of medicinal liquid, and spray powder is aseptic subpackaged in cillin bottle.
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| CN 03131959 CN1233369C (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2003-06-23 | Ginkgo leaf powder for injection and its prepn |
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| CN 03131959 CN1233369C (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2003-06-23 | Ginkgo leaf powder for injection and its prepn |
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| CN1233369C true CN1233369C (en) | 2005-12-28 |
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| CN101385862B (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2013-11-06 | 杭州民生药业有限公司 | Sterilization filtration method of emulsion for injection |
| CN101502539B (en) * | 2009-03-21 | 2011-05-11 | 山西振东泰盛制药有限公司 | Method for preparing ginkgo leaf extract cyclodextrin inclusion compound and preparation |
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