CN1232553C - Ferromagnetic microsphere medium made from urea-formaldehyde resin and its preparation method - Google Patents
Ferromagnetic microsphere medium made from urea-formaldehyde resin and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1232553C CN1232553C CN 03130423 CN03130423A CN1232553C CN 1232553 C CN1232553 C CN 1232553C CN 03130423 CN03130423 CN 03130423 CN 03130423 A CN03130423 A CN 03130423A CN 1232553 C CN1232553 C CN 1232553C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a medium of a ferromagnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technology of a medium of a magnetic resin microsphere. A base material of the medium of a microsphere is a urea-formaldehyde resin of which the particle diameter is 0.5 to 20 mum. Fe3O4 nanometer particles of which the particle diameters are from 0.1 to 200 nm are uniformly dispersed in the base material. The preparation method uses superparamagnetic metal oxide, urea and formaldehyde. The preparation process comprises the preparation of magnetofluid, the peptization and the separation of the magnetofluid and the preparation of a magnetic microsphere. The present invention has the advantages that the prepared microsphere has superparamagnetism; Fe3O4 magnetic nanometer particles are completely coated by the particle size distribution urea-formaldehyde resin, which avoids the poison function for separating materials; the particle size distribution of the magnetic particles are uniform; the magnetic particles have the same deposit speed in a magnetic field; the surfaces of the magnetic particles are easy for decoration. The preparation method has the advantages of simple operation, each control of the process, low cost of raw materials, high stability of the product and easy industrialized production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ferromagnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technology of magnetic resin microsphere media.
Background
The biomagnetic separation technology has the characteristics of simple instrument and equipment, low manufacturing cost, convenient use and easy automation, is valued by people, and is more and more widely applied to the aspects of cell screening, nucleic acid extraction, immunoassay, protein purification and the like. Plays an increasingly important role in the fields of biotechnology, biomedical diagnosis, environmental and food analysis and the like. For example, magnetic particles with surface bound antibodies, so-called "immunomagnetic beads", can be used for rapid separation of cells in blood, separation and enrichment of stem cells in bone marrow; magnetic particles with the surface combined with the nucleic acid fragment Oligo-dT can be used for enriching and recovering mRNA; and the magnetic particles with the Streptavidin bound on the surface can be combined with Polymerase ChainReaction (PCR) and applied to DNA solid phase sequence analysis. The magnetic polymer particles can also be applied to affinity separation of general receptors. The magnetic separation technology is used as an effective means for DNA separation and purification, is combined with DNA sequence analysis, and provides a complete automatic solution for gene testing and gene variation analysis of a large number of samples.
The magnetic particles used in the biomagnetic separation technology have the following characteristics:
1) the magnetic particle has a superparamagnetic characteristic, namely, after an external magnetic field is removed, the residual magnetism of the magnetic particle tends to zero, so that the magnetic particle can be uniformly re-dispersed in a solution and is convenient to wash;
2) the magnetic nanometer particles dispersed in the magnetic particles are completely coated by organic high polymer to avoid the poisoning effect on enzyme;
3) the magnetic particles have uniform particle size distribution and uniform sedimentation rate in a magnetic field.
Seed of magnetic polymer microsphereThe variety is very wide, and they can be classified into two main categories, namely hydrophobic and hydrophilic according to the nature of the carrier. The hydrophobic magnetic fine particles are usually prepared by embedding Fe in the inside or on the surface of a polystyrene carrier3O4Colloidal particles are prepared into magnetic microspheres. The strong hydrophobicity of the polystyrene surface can cause irreversible adsorption of biomolecules, and is a main weakness of the magnetic particles. The hydrophilic magnetic particles are prepared by coating and adsorbing Fe by using hydrophilic natural high molecular polymer such as cellulose as a carrier3O4Grinding the powder to obtain the magnetic particleswith irregular particle size distribution and irregular shape. The hydrophilic magnetic particles have different settling velocities in the magnetic field, resulting in separationDifficulty; another problem is Fe3O4The powder is exposed outside and may cause poisoning effect on cells; yet another problem is due to the use of larger sized Fe3O4The magnetic powder is not re-dispersed in the solution because the residual magnetism of the magnetic polymer particles causes the particles to remain aggregated even after the magnetic field is removed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ferromagnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium and a preparation method thereof. The microsphere is composed of nano ferromagnetic materials uniformly dispersed in a base material of urea-formaldehyde resin. The method adopts a dispersion polymerization method for preparation, the process is simple and easy to control, and the industrial production is easy to realize.
The invention is realized by the following technical proposal, adopts the magnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium prepared by superparamagnetic metal oxide, urea and formaldehyde, and is characterized in that the base material of the microsphere medium is urea-formaldehyde resin with the grain diameter of 0.5-20 mu m, and Fe with the grain diameter of 0.1-200nm is uniformly dispersed in the base material3O4The nanoparticles of (1).
The preparation method of the microsphere medium comprises the steps of preparing the magnetic fluid, peptizing and separating the magnetic fluid and preparing the magnetic microspheres, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1. FeCl is added according to a molarratio of 1.0-3.03.6H2O and FeCl2.4H2Mixing O, adding water, stirring to dissolve completely, adjusting pH to 9-10 with ammonium hydroxide, and reacting at 85-95 deg.C for 30min to obtain black Fe3O4And (4) precipitating.
2. Washing Fe with deionized water3O4Precipitating, adjusting pH to 1-1.5 with perchloric acid, stirring at high speed for 15-30min, and filtering to obtain uniform magnetic fluid with particle size of 0.5-200 nm.
3. Adding urea and formaldehyde monomer into the magnetic fluid according to the mol ratio of 1-1.5, adjusting the pH value to 1.0-4.5 by perchloric acid, reacting for 1-24h at the temperature of 5-50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 20-100 r/m to prepare a urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium with magnetism, and collecting the magnetic microspheres by a magnetic separation device.
According to the invention, the molar ratio of the ferrous salt to the ferric salt is 1.8-2.2, so as to obtain the superparamagnetic material with the required size and magnetic property.
According to the invention, the magnetic material, including superparamagnetic particles, is preferably subdivided by peptization or grinding into submicron dimensions, so that any individual magnetic particle no longer retains its magnetic dipole moment. The size of the peptized agglomerates, which are typically measured according to the light scattering method and vary in the range of 0.1-200nm, are particularly suitable for the present invention by treating the initial agglomerates of magnetic particles with an acid or a base until the desired size is obtained. Depending on the acid or base used, the superparamagnetic particles may carry a net positive or negative charge. Because the particles are amphoteric colloidal particles, the acid treatment can obtain superparamagnetic particles with positive charges, and the alkali treatment can obtain magnetic particles with negative charges.
The magnetic saturation characteristics of the magnetic particles are related to the manufacturing process. For example: according to the present invention, the organic polymer carrier for preparing the hydrophilic magnetic fine particles is prepared by mixing an aldehyde compound and an amino compound. These compounds must be soluble in polar solvents, i.e. they must be water soluble and miscible with the magnetic fluid without causing flocculation. It is necessary to adsorb magnetic colloidal particles during the formation of the polymer chains to form spherical aggregates and to generate magnetic polymer microspheres upon completion of the polymerization reaction.
Organic components and inorganic colloidal particles are agglomerated into microspheres with uniform particle size and uniform colloidal particle distribution, and the microspheres are not only mechanically captured by high molecular materials. In order to obtain a high homogeneity of the particle size of the microspheres and the distribution of the magnetic micelles within the microspheres, a certain interaction of the oxides on the surface of the micelles and the polymer chains is obviously necessary, both homogeneities being obviously related to the molar ratio of urea and formaldehyde used in the reaction. According to the invention, a suitable molar ratio for the urea-formaldehyde polymerization medium is between 1 and 1.5 and a reaction pH between 1.0 and 4.5. The ratio of organic component to magnetic material should be such that the particles resulting from the polymerization and precipitation should contain 10-90% by weight of the inorganic component. This composition may also be expressed in terms of volume percentages of the different components in the microspheres, the percentage of inorganic components in the microspheres typically being in the range of 10-50%, although 70% is theoretically possible. The reaction initially produces very small high molecular weight polymer particles which grow as the polymerization reaction proceeds. In the case of an excess of polymerization monomer, one set of particles grows to 10 μm, and then another set of submicron particles starts to appear, resulting in a mixture of two different particle distributions. Surfactants or water miscible solvents may be added to alter the size of the resulting microparticles.
The polymerization is usually carried out at a reaction temperature of 5 to 50 c, with a reaction temperature below 5 c being too slow and resulting in a lower yield, and with a reaction temperature above 50 c being too fast, a gel rather than microspheres tends to form.
The synthesized hydrophilic magnetic polymer microsphere can be redispersed in an aqueous solution after a reactant is removed by washing, and the surface of the microsphere can also be coated with a layer of hydrophilic polymer film, wherein the hydrophilic polymer film can be made of the same material as the magnetic microsphere carrier or different hydrophilic polymers. According to the requirements, different functional groups can be bonded on the surface of the magnetic polymer microsphere, and a layer of cross-linked polymer film with specific functional groups can also be coated on the surface.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
to produceThe microsphere has superparamagnetic property, Fe3O4The magnetic nanometer particles are completely coated by the urea resin, thereby avoiding the poisoning effect on a separation system, the particle size distribution of the magnetic particles is uniform, the sedimentation rate in a magnetic field is consistent, and the surface is easy to modify. The preparation method is simple to operate, the process is easy to control, the cost of raw materials is low, the product stability is good, and the industrial production is easy to realize.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
preparation of magnetic fluid
112.8g of FeCl were dissolved separately3.6H2O，41.2g FeCl2.4H2And O is added into 100ml of water, the mixture is poured into 800ml of water, the mixed salt solution is placed into an ice bath, the mixture is cooled to 6 ℃, 200ml of 28 percent ammonium hydroxide is added under the stirring, the temperature is kept at 6 ℃, black ferric hydroxide homogenate is generated by the reaction, the mixture is heated to 90 ℃ and kept for 30min, and ferric hydroxide is converted into ferroferric oxide precipitate. The reaction equation is as follows:
cooling the reactant to room temperature, transferring the ferric hydroxide homogenate to a beaker, placing the beaker on a magnetic separation device, discarding the clear solution, dispersing the ferric hydroxide homogenate in 800ml of deionized water again, adding 112ml of 60% (by weight) perchloric acid into the washed homogenate, stirring for 10min, and collecting the upper-layer magnetic fluid on the magnetic separation device; re-dispersing the residual homogenate in 500ml of deionized water, adding 81ml of 60% (by weight) perchloric acid, peptizing again, stirring for 10min, placing on a magnetic separation device, collecting the upper magnetic fluid, and combining the magnetic fluids obtained by two peptization separations.
Preparation of magnetic microspheres
In the presence of Fe with an average colloidal particle diameter of 50nm3O4(4.2g) to the magnetofluid, 15g of urea was added with stirring until complete dissolution. Adjusting the pH of the mixture to 2 by adding concentrated perchloric acid, adding 25ml of 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution, vigorously stirring for 30s, and reducing the stirring speed to 20rpmThe mixture reacts for 2h at room temperature, and the product is stirred vigorously, separated magnetically, washed to remove reactants and reserved.
Adding 5g of magnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microspheres serving as seeds into 100ml of 0.2M HCl (pH2), adding one third of monomer solution (3g of urea and 5g of 37% formaldehyde solution), stirring and dispersing, reacting at room temperature for 30min, dropwise adding the rest monomers, completing dropwise addition within 1.5h, reacting at room temperature for 2h, magnetically separating products, and washing to obtain the hydrophilic magnetic polymer microspheres with the urea-formaldehyde resin-coated surfaces.
Application of magnetic microspheres in nucleic acid purification
The cells were pelleted by centrifugation of fresh overnight cultured bacterial suspension, mixed with 30. mu.l of solution 1(50mM glucose, 25mM Tris-HCl pH8, 10mM EDTA pH8, 100ug/ml RNase) and 60. mu.l of solution 2(0.2M NaOH, 1% SDS) and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 min. Add 45. mu.l of solution 3(3M KOAC) and mix with ice and stand for 10 min. Centrifuging for 10min, and collecting 100 μ l supernatant.
Dispersing the prepared magnetic microspheres in Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) with the concentration of 20mg/ml, taking 10 mu l of EDTA with 0.5M, washing the microspheres for three times with pH7.2, suspending the microspheres in 10 mu l of EDTA with 0.5M, adding the microspheres into the prepared clean lysate solution, adding 100 mu l of mixed buffer solution (20 percent PEG8000 and 2.5M NaCl), uniformlymixing, standing at room temperature for 5min, removing supernatant under a magnetic field, washing the rest magnetic microspheres with 70 percent ethanol twice, standing in the air for 10-30min to volatilize and remove ethanol, adding 50 mu l of deionized water, oscillating and resuspending the magnetic microspheres, standing at room temperature for 1min to elute DNA, and transferring purified DNA on a magnetic separation device.
Example 2:
preparation of magnetic fluid
5.6g of FeCl were dissolved separately3.6H2O，1.98g FeCl2.4H2O in 50ml of water, 10ml of 28% ammonium hydroxide was added with stirring to react and form a black iron hydroxide homogenate. Heating to 60 deg.C for 30min, cooling the reactant to room temperature, transferring the ferric hydroxide homogenate to a beaker, passing through a magnetic separation device, discarding the clear liquid, redispersing and washing the homogenate with 50ml of deionized water three times, adding concentrated nitric acid to the homogenate,adjusting pH to 1-3, and rapidly stirring for 30min to obtain magnetic fluid.
Preparation of magnetic microspheres
30ml of the magnetofluid was taken, and 0.3g of SDS powder and 3g of urea were added with stirring until completely dissolved. Adding concentrated perchloric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 2-2.5, adding 4ml of 37% formaldehyde water solution, violently stirring for 20s, stopping stirring, reacting the mixture at room temperature for 2h, and stirring, magnetically separating and washing the product to obtain the magnetic microspheres.
Example 3:
10g of polyethylene glycol is dissolved in 75ml of water, and 8.41g of FeCl is added respectively3.6H2O，3.05gFeCl2.4H2O in 50ml of water, 15ml of 28% ammonium hydroxide was added with stirring to react and produce a black iron hydroxide homogenate. Heating to 60 ℃ and keeping for 30min, cooling reactants to room temperature, transferring the ferric hydroxide homogenate into a beaker, removing clear liquid through a magnetic separation device, re-dispersing and washing the homogenate for three times by using 50ml of deionized water, adding concentrated nitric acid into the homogenate, adjusting the pH value to 1-3, and rapidly stirring for 30min to obtain the magnetic fluid.
Preparation of magnetic microspheres
40ml of the magnetofluid was taken, and 2.5g of urea was added with stirring until completely dissolved. Adding concentrated perchloric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 1-2, adding 7ml of 37% formaldehyde water solution, violently stirring for 20s, reducing the stirring speed to 20rpm, reacting the mixture at room temperature for 2h, and stirring, magnetically separating and washing the product to obtain the magnetic microspheres.
Claims (3)
1. A ferromagnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium is prepared from superparamagnetic metal oxide, urea and formaldehyde, and is characterized in that: the base material of the microsphere medium is urea-formaldehyde resin with the grain diameter of 0.5-20 mu m, and Fe with the grain diameter of 0.1-200nm is uniformly dispersed in the base material3O4The nanoparticles of (1).
2. A method for preparing the ferromagnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium according to claim 1, which comprises the steps of preparing magnetic fluid, peptizing and separating the magnetic fluid and preparing magnetic microspheres, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) FeCl is added in a molar ratio of 1.0-3.03.6H2O and FeCl2.4H2Mixing O, adding water, stirring to dissolve completely, adjusting pH to 9-10 with ammonium hydroxide, and reacting at 85-95 deg.C for 30min to obtain black Fe3O4Precipitating;
2) washing Fe with deionized water3O4Precipitating, adjusting pH to 1-1.5 with perchloric acid, stirring at high speed for 15-30min, and filtering to obtain uniform magnetic fluid with particle size of 0.5-200 nm;
3) adding urea and formaldehyde monomers into the magnetofluid according to the mol ratio of 1-1.5, adjusting the pH value to 1.0-4.5 by using perchloric acid, reacting for 1-24h at the temperature of 5-50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 20-100 r/min to prepare a magnetic urea-formaldehyde resin microsphere medium, and collecting the magnetic microspheres by using a magnetic separation device.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the molar ratio of ferrous to ferric salts is 1.8 to 2.2.
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| CN 03130423 CN1232553C (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2003-07-21 | Ferromagnetic microsphere medium made from urea-formaldehyde resin and its preparation method |
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| GB0414159D0 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2004-07-28 | Smith Adrian | Process for manufacture of microbeads |
| CN100388393C (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2008-05-14 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of nano magnetic liquid |
| CN101165487B (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2012-08-29 | 陕西北美基因股份有限公司 | Method for biological molecule detection by nanometer gold magnetic particle |
| CN101604569B (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2011-04-06 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing nuclear shell type high magnetic content super paramagnetic microsphere |
| CN102993393A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 同济大学 | Method for synthesizing urea-formaldehyde resin microspheres with uniform particle size distribution |
| CN103611513B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-12-02 | 聊城大学 | A kind of magnetic phenol formaldehyde-humic acid resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN104923157A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-23 | 辽宁大学 | Preparation method of magnetic carbon nanocomposite |
| CN114854404B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2023-10-20 | 中北大学 | Functional inorganic fluorescent microsphere based on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and preparation method thereof |
| CN109261136B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2021-07-23 | 河北北方学院 | Preparation method of magnetic melamine urea formaldehyde resin integral material |
| CN110182784B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-06-29 | 陕西科技大学 | Pore-diameter-adjustable iron-containing nitrogen-doped urea-formaldehyde resin-based carbon material and preparation method thereof |
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Assignee: Shaoxing Xingxin Chemical Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Tianjin University Contract record no.: 2010330001875 Denomination of invention: Ferromagnetic microsphere medium made from urea-formaldehyde resin and its preparation method Granted publication date: 20051221 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20040310 Record date: 20100917 |
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