CN1229544A - Integrated telecommunication system architecture for wireless and wireline access featuring RACS radio technology - Google Patents
Integrated telecommunication system architecture for wireless and wireline access featuring RACS radio technology Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/204—Multiple access
- H04B7/212—Time-division multiple access [TDMA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/42—Loop networks
- H04L12/427—Loop networks with decentralised control
- H04L12/43—Loop networks with decentralised control with synchronous transmission, e.g. time division multiplex [TDM], slotted rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/58—Arrangements providing connection between main exchange and sub-exchange or satellite
- H04Q3/62—Arrangements providing connection between main exchange and sub-exchange or satellite for connecting to private branch exchanges
- H04Q3/625—Arrangements in the private branch exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13003—Constructional details of switching devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13093—Personal computer, PC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13098—Mobile subscriber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13209—ISDN
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13216—Code signals, frame structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1322—PBX
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13389—LAN, internet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/14—WLL [Wireless Local Loop]; RLL [Radio Local Loop]
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Abstract
Disclosed is a telecommunication system (52-82) that is both highly cost effective for small scale applications (for example, those having less than 80 lines), yet field upgrade-expandable via a backplane bus (68) to applications having a significant number of additional lines (for example, 30,000 lines). An integrated voice/data telecommunication system is utilized that is flexible enough to handle low bandwidth (for example 64 kbps mu-law) speech as well as high bandwidth multimedia data switching. The system may be configured as a low cost, standalone PACS system for 'village telephony' or 'PACS-on-POTS' applications, as an alternative to requirements for PACS infrastructure when appropriate wireless network facilities are unavailable.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to provide the integrated telecommunication system of wireless and wired access.Particularly, the present invention relates to provide the system of voice-and-data telecommunications, its ratio of performance to price height, scalable and can be used in wireless and cable environment.
Background technology
In order to satisfy the volatile demand of high-quality wireless communication, various systems have been developed and have developed.And, along with being extensive use of of wide area network (for example the Internet), for supporting that data communications system also has urgent demand.
In order to satisfy the demand, among PCS Personal Communications System (PCS) is being developed.PACS (personal access communication system) comes to this a kind of for supporting the indoor PCS that develops with voice, data and video image the tiny cells purposes.PACS utilizes digital speech code and digital modulation technique, and is designed to support the low speed portable applications.
As shown in Figure 1, the PACS structure comprises four formants: the fixed transceiver 4 or the portable transceiver 2 that are called subscriber unit (SUs); The fixed base stations unit 6 that is called radio port (RPs); Radio port control unit (RPCU) 8; And access manager (AM) 10.Each fixedly RP6 communicate by letter with 4 with the SUs 2 of some by interface A (air interface), its mode allows each SU to visit this port simultaneously to be multiplexed as the basis.
In PACS, the low-power radio link provides the discrete full duplex demand assigned digital channel of some between RP and SUs that each links to each other.Each RP sends bit stream on the predefine carrier frequency.Then, each SU of visit RP responds, and sends a burst on public predefine carrier frequency.A large amount of wireless frequencies (RF) channel that 80MHz is interior is at interval used by the PACS through permission under the Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) mode.In the U.S.,, developed the modification PACS-UB of PACS for nonpermissive PCS frequency band in 1920～1930MHz.PACS-UB utilizes time division duplex but not the interior Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) of original PACS standard.
Some advantages of PACS come from its dependence to small base station (RPs).Because the volume of RPs is little and cost is cheap relatively, thus extensively be provided in shared device tower bar, building, tunnel, indoor or outdoors, thus for providing widely, the wireless access service serves.Because the RP power demand is less, so can be by circuit and powered battery.
PACS and PACS-UB can provide the voice communications versus data communications service of line mass by the dilatation cable technology on certain price level.These standards are particularly suitable for the use under several environment, and they comprise: (1) wireless local loop environment; (2) the low public access PCS of mobility/high density environment; And (resident or commercial affairs) phone and data environment in (3) building.
For wireless local loop environment and the public access PCS of low mobility/high density environment, the system configuration that PACS relied on is based on the principle of advanced intelligent network (AIN) and Integrated Service Digital Network cable network.AIN makes user's wireless and cable service have single number and allows it to realize seamless handover in the local time moving to another from a place.A kind of AIN structure is divided into three grades: the intelligence level; Transmitting stage; And access level.The intelligence level comprises the database of storage networking user profile.The transmission of transportation level process information.Insert level and provide the database that inserts and comprise each customer location in the renewal network to each network user.
ISDN is a kind of deliver a letter (CCS) complete network framework of (a kind of digital communication technology) of common signal channel that utilizes, and this technology provides user data in network, send in the data of delivering a letter and other related service.The special use that ISDN the provided net of delivering a letter is replenishing of public switched telephone network (PSTN) PSTN.The service network of delivering a letter that it provides can be used for the routing voice business on the PSTN or new data, services is provided between network node and terminal use.
Though the environment of above-mentioned AIN of providing and ISDN ability is provided the PACS structure, it may be not suitable for wireless loop or mobility PCS uses, because these application scenarios do not have the ground floor construction of wired AIN or ISDN.As and if PACS is subjected to extremely big restriction, particularly small-sized business meeting aspect during wireless system in being applied to building.
In the small-sized business environment, can adopt minicomputer system structure (SCSA).SCSA is a kind of open industry-standard based on computer telephony system.The SCSA structure is made of 32 cassette nodes, has terminal block after the local non-time gas exchange SC bus that the SCX bus is connected with 16 node system layerings at most.Under system configuration, non-SC bus allocated in advance sending time slots, so its dynamic-configuration capabilities limits is 16.384Mbps (4048 eight a hyte/frames) SC bus.
Except the dynamic-configuration ability was restricted, the data service of node-node may need the Route Selection three-bus in the SCSA system: the SC bus of two intranodals and the SCX bus of interconnection.The control message independently selects route to transmit on many master controls contention bus.Therefore powerful and influential higher exchange capacity provides hardware to connect.
Except the SCSA system, other ordinary construction through being usually used in the small-sized business environment comprises various cipher key systems and the PBX structure that telecom equipment manufacturers provides.The service that cipher key system provides is no more than 125 lines usually; The service that small-sized PBXs provides is between the 125-1000 line, medium-sized PBXs between the 1000-10000 line, and large-scale PBXs to surpass 10000 lines.Every group of such product usually adopts different system configurations.Therefore along with the user increases, it is extremely difficult revising existing system for the increase circuit.The consequence of bringing thus is that the scale of this type systematic is subjected to relative restriction.
Therefore, need a kind of structure, its phone and data environment (for PACS-UB) in " village phone " environment (feature that promptly has high density, low mobility user) (for PACS) and building time is brought into play the advantage of PACS and PACS-UB wireless access technology, particularly provides in the modular mode of low cost.For avoiding doing loaded down with trivial details supposition aspect wired ground floor construction, needing a kind ofly can provide " self " PASC the structure of ability, that is, this structure can break away from existing AIN or isdn infrastructure and exist.
Summary of the invention
In order to satisfy these needs, we have proposed a kind of design, and it has considered the modularization and the importance of the comprehensive support of telecommunications service on a large scale.Because the number of terminals that the voice-and-data system is supported in village telephone system or the building may be crossed over three orders of magnitude, so with regard to system cost and system hardware quantity, modularization all is an important factor.And because the explosive increase of data connection requirement (promotion that inserted by the Internet), system need possess the ability of telecommunications service on a large scale of supporting.No matter be for offering the cable voice terminal in the business communication system or for realizing feasible data communication rates under the PACS wireless technology, wired and comprehensive support wireless access all extremely needs.
Therefore a target of the present invention provides a kind of telecommunication system, and it has high cost performance for small-scale application (for example being no more than 80 lines), also has the field upgrade expansion capacity simultaneously to satisfy the needs (for example 30000 lines) that increase than multi-line.The further target of the present invention provides a kind of integrated voice/datagram system, and it can handle arrowband (for example 64 kbps μ-Lv) voice and broadband multimedia data exchange its flexibility guarantees.The present invention also has a target to provide the low-cost self PACS system of a kind of being used for " village phone " or " PACS-on-POTS ", but it can not satisfy the needs of PACS ground floor construction when there being the suitable wireless network facility time spent.
Just as will be discussed later in detail, the invention provides high dynamic assignment bus bandwidth (1.0486 Gbps), thereby system can be benefited from the utilance statistics.And in the present invention, the professional backplane that all adopts public 32 bit wides of all data and control.Mini-system can adopt the single deck tape-recorder cage.Large scale system adopts many card cages, and they become loop through wall scroll broadband serial optical fiber link interconnect.Switching is unwanted in the hardware that cage connects in providing.
Opposite with the cipher key system of prior art, application scale of the present invention can cross the system of 30000 lines like a cork from considerably less line number (for example being no more than 10 lines).At last, the backplane of system has sufficient bandwidth with the high speed wired connection of support with the Desktop Computing work station.
By following description, other advantage of the present invention also is conspicuous for those skilled in that art.
Brief description of drawings
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of common PACS structure.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the telecommunication system of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to backplane frame structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to control channel of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is according to address word Bit Allocation in Discrete schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to address date word of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram according to many cages of the present invention system.
The preferred embodiments that carries out an invention
Preferred embodiment of the present invention is below described.The single cage embodiment of the present invention is at first described.As described below, this system is specially adapted to environment in wireless local loop environment, " village phone " environment and/or the building.Many cages example has also been done discussion, therefrom can see expansion capacity of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to single cage example of the present invention.The unit 75 that provides voice-and-data to insert to various communication equipments is provided telecommunication system 50.As described below, this system provides wireless between all kinds terminal of heterogeneous networks and cable voice and data communication.In this example, system is between " separately type " terminal, in the PSTN between the terminal, in the PACS wireless network between the terminal, in the wide area network (WAN) between the terminal and the visit between the terminal in the local area network (LAN) (LAN).
As shown in the figure, main line 66 leads to central office (CO) switch as a PSTN part.Serial line interface 64 provides the visit to the PPP server 60 that can be connected to LAN 62.This structure can be supported the router (for example Internet protocol (IP) router) that links with WAN (for example Global Internet) equally.
One or more self terminals such as desktop personal computer 58 also can be visited the system 50 that is used for data (or voice) transponder.Equally, the one or more voice terminals such as telephone 56 provide the cable voice visit.
This shows that system 50 supports PACS or PACS-UB structure.One or more RPs 54 of a plurality of Terminal Types such as portable terminal 52 that serve are by unit 75 and PSTN and network linking shown in other.This structure comparatively intensive wireless low mobility user that is particularly suitable for distributing.
The card cage 75 that plays the interconnection effect mainly comprises the backplane bus 68 that processor controls card 72 and some peripheral 70,74,76,78,80 and 82 are coupled together.Backplane bus 68 provides high-speed communication between the various peripheral hardwares of linkage unit 75 and network.Utilize addressing scheme to be described in detail below, under the control of processor controls card 72 (hereinafter referred to as control unit (CU)), backplane bus 68 provides message flow or information flow communication path between any two system entitys.
In this example, peripheral comprises PSTN interface card, some RPCU card 1-N (representing with card 74 and 80), telephone control unit card (WSCU) 78, hub controller card 78, feature cards 82 and the mutual worker's peripheral 84 of data.Below these peripheral are summarized.
The effect of PSTN interface card 70 is equivalent to the main network interface peripheral hardware effect of support telephony services.Analog or digital backbone 66 provides the line interface from local exchange center office.Except simulation POTS or isdn interface, the PSTN interface card is responsible for sending the voice between coding 32kb/s ADPCM (being used for aerial the transmission and backplane) and analog waveform or the 64kb/s PCM.Some lead risers can with PSTN interface 70 interfaces.But if two lead risers only are provided, and two-four the lead-in wire branch roads be positioned at beyond public correspondence facility or the central office, then this peripheral hardware may also need to do the echo control survey.
(perhaps adopt a string card cage control unit according to following embodiment) in a single deck tape-recorder cage system, initial p STN interface card ends to simulate the POTS circuit and used as the outside line of voice terminal.Dialing information is sent to PSTN interface card 70 from system control unit card 72 through backplane virtual controlling channel.The call proceeding tone is digitized and can distributes the backplane time slot to send the customer voice terminal back to through one of them.
Provide complete duplexing digital link and DC power supply with the twisted-pair feeder of radio port electronic circuit interface far away.In large-scale PACS-UB system, far the port electronic circuit can with the distance of system controller apart from each other.In order to improve the reliability of link, the speed of delivering a letter between need reducing as far as possible to hold and hold.For example, because the air interface rate of 384 kb/s is shared with time division way, be 192kb/s so each half-duplex direction can adopt fifo buffer to make the rate adaptation of LI(link interface).
RPCU peripheral hardware 76 and 80 finishes the specific PACS agreement of many radio.Each handles SU request of air interface resource, and through the unit 64,60 and 62 request bus and other peripheral hardware resource, for example network interfaces.In addition, because RPCU has preserved the linking status information that RPs that it serves goes up all time slots, so it can provide high level information and instruction to use rules to meet frequency spectrum to RPs successively.In this example, the single RPCU peripheral such as card 76 or 80 can be served two single carrier RPs or a two carrier wave RP, amounts to 8 full duplex voice qualities (32kb/s) channel.
Except comprising twisted-pair feeder and backplane interface, the RPCU peripheral hardware is reasonable to be to comprise the special-purpose microcontroller that moves small-sized real-time kernel program.Processor provides with control unit 72 to peripheral hardware and communicates by letter, manages and communicate by letter with the RPs that is served and stops the middle-and-high-ranking agreement of link maintenance and call the required intelligent function of control algolithm.
One or more WSCU cards 78 are supported the use of telephone (being single telephone 56) here.Though Fig. 2 only shows such telephone, the mode that each WSCU card 78 can 8 full duplex 32kb/s of similar RPCU peripheral support channel is supported maximum 8 phones.
In this example, wired station is through single twisted-pair feeder and WSCU card 78 interfaces, the twisted-pair feeder carrier band catv terminal unreal road power and be used to the outer TDD numerical data of control channel (button of call treatment) at a slow speed of interior Fast Channel (for example 64kb/s mu law PCM) and band.For example WSCU card 78 can adopt PACS layer 3 protocol massages (INFO type) to transmit button and couple state message (uplink direction) and control the phone demonstration and ask the user to deliver a letter or keypad input (edge is link direction down).Peripheral hardware can utilize the scheme identical with RPCU card 74 and 80 will by the key control message be converted to voice-grade channel DTMF be used for such as voice-mail system is mutual after the dialing application that starts.
The mutual worker's peripheral hardware 84 of data is also consistent with the organization definition of data, services among the aforementioned PACS.The mutual worker's peripheral hardware 84 of data can be considered as another network interface peripheral hardware on function, it is similar to line interface peripheral hardware 70, but is used for non-voice services rather than voice service.For example, when a SU delivers a letter when setting up data call to the RPCU of its service, RPCU request backplane resource with the request service and with the mutual worker's peripheral hardware 84 communicate informations stream of data.The mutual worker's peripheral hardware of data is with after the mutual worker's functions of known data specialized protocol and data (IWF) contacts.IWF is with the required particular network interface agreement of reprocessing service.Reasonable is that IWF should support the mutual worker of IP to visit local IP business data net and Global Internet.
Controller card 78:
Powerful desktop computer value-added service be connected needs and created great demand for computer network hardware.In the modern business communication system, people integrate (mainly emphasize new function, for example calculating/phone is integrated) and continuous effort for calculating with telephone service hardware.Especially for the small-sized business activity, replace the physically discrete separately network hardware of employing and in the same system structure, provide voice-and-data to connect simultaneously to be good.Because system's backplane has bigger capacity, media data connects and adopts the backplane peripheral hardware to come arbitrated house to connect between the desktop computer that resource uses is very easily so a large amount of time slots are used for supporting sharing at a high speed.The function of this peripheral hardware and self ethernet controller are closely similar.
Feature cards 82:
Additional feature functionality can be provided by the hardware of systems soft ware or conduct " feature cards ".For example, can be by on peripheral, realizing one group of conf bridge with the backplane of other Multi-Way Calling interface of low speed three road and foundation.
Full load card cage will comprise 10-16 piece card.For example, every card can be supported 8 catv terminals or two PACS-UB RPs.Supposing has several physics draw-in grooves will be exclusively used in functionality, network interface, and then each cage comprises the capacity of about 8 tunnel (simultaneously) line.
Serving the peripheral hardware of terminal is supported with the fixation of C U 72 that is provided within each unit 75 by above-mentioned high speed backplane bus 68.CU 72 is used for setting up the voice-and-data circuit switching on the high-speed figure backplane bus 68 of time slot interchange of exchanges data and connects in employing.In this particular instance, have in the card cage of fixation of C U and high speed backplane and can insert 31 subordinate peripheral at most.This structure provides the low-cost system that is specifically designed to small business's (for example being no more than 80 lines).Meanwhile, this structure allows to the big system smooth transition that utilizes more than 20000 lines.
As shown in Figure 3, backplane is that 32 bit widths and every frame have 4096 time slots.The time slot of per 32 bits is divided into four 8 bit groups, and every group has defined four physical channels 0,1,2 and 3 (corresponding bit 0-7,8-15,16-23 and 24-31 respectively).Frame repeats once every 125 microseconds, the speech sample speed of the corresponding 8kHz of this speed.Under 1.0486 Gbps, backplane provides the time slot of eight hytes of every frame 16384 (16k) for data and voice communication, and each eight hyte in the frame provide 64 kbps one-way channels.
In last 256 time slots of frame, all 4 eight hytes (channel 0-3) are exclusively used in system's control data (label 104); In 256 time slots (label 102) of beginning, eight hytes of each low level are exclusively used in system's control data.Therefore remaining eight hytes of distributing more than 15000 are used as circuit switched data.This supports for example 7500 simple full duplex conversation voices of while, supposes that activity factor is not more than 25%, then supports 30000 voice terminals.
The control channel (representing with label 104 among Fig. 3) that provides in last 256 time slots of every frame is provided Fig. 4.Begin 256 one of them pairings of time slot and be exclusively used in a specific card cage in each of interior last 256 time slots of frame N and the frame N+2.High-order eight hytes 106 (data bit 24-31 and data bit 16-23) are defined as the address byte of selecting particular register on the particular card.The arrangement of address byte is shown among Fig. 5.
Next eight hyte (data bit 8-15) comprises the data byte 108 that writes the subordinate card from CU in each time slot.Last eight hytes 110 (data bit 0-7) are preserved as the service request that snaps into controller CU from number of times.In 256 time slots that this frame begins (Fig. 3 internal label 102), have only eight hytes of lowest order (data bit 0-7) to be exclusively used in control channel.It comprises the response data byte (112 Fig. 4) that snaps into the CU of system from subordinate.In a word, 5 eight cages that are exclusively used in each and CU two-way communication for hyte are arranged.For example, the physical channel 0 of time slot 0 (the one or eight hyte) is exclusively used in cage 0 with the physical channel 0-3 (all 4 eight hytes) of time slot 3840 (time slots 0 of last 356 time slot pieces).Equally, physical channel 1 and 3841 is exclusively used in cage 1.
As shown in Figure 4, the input (hexadecimal is made as 00) from last cage N (hexadecimal is made as FF) to cage 0 has the delay of a frame at most.This delay is used for compensating the unpredictable accumulated delay (every grade has a talk group) from the N parallel-to-serial-parallel session that is taken place.Therefore there are 255 card cages in the maximum system of configuration.
For the register on the particular card in the specific cage of addressing, adopt the combination of control channel time slot position and 16 bit addresses.For example, for first cage in the system (cage 0), the physical channel 2 of time slot 3840 and 3 is thought by serial connection that data message is communicated by letter provides the addressing of 16 bits.Bit 15 (highest order) is the read/write bit, and bit 10-14 is used to locate interior 32 card position of cage one of them.Remaining 10 bits (0-9) can be used for peripheral register addressing (referring to Fig. 5).
Each cage comprises one of them of last 256 time slots, and they are exclusively used in the control channel that in cage subordinate snaps into the CU of system.Eight hytes 110 of low level are preserved as the service request that snaps into call treatment CU from subordinate in this time slot.These eight hytes are shared resources between the card in the cage.Provide line and control line to be used for from arbitration.Every card is corresponding to specific physical slot by time.For example the slot numbering of physical isolation cover is that 3 cartoon is crossed inspection and known that through 5 hard link address lines that the backplane connector communicates it is positioned at slot 3.If eight hytes of calorie requirement access services request in the slot 1, then it must make the service request arbitration a certain moment of control line in 64 time slots of this frame be in low level.If eight hytes of calorie requirement service request in the slot 2, then it checks that at first control line is to determine whether card 1 has controlled this eight hytes, if do not have, then it makes a certain moment of control line in 64 time slots of this frame be in low level.Thereby this process continues just have a card to be authorized to eight hytes of access services request up to control channel arrival in first 32 time slot group.
Under this structure, provide data path from subordinate card register to CU by the physical channel 0 of time slot 0.Owing to a frame timing delay intrinsic from the reverse link communication of cage 1 to 254 cage, so as shown in Figure 4, the calorie requirement delayed response data in the cage 0 are to read frame data.Therefore cage 1 adopts time slot 1 and 3841, and cage 2 adopts time slot 2 and 3841, and the rest may be inferred.
The used broadcast channel of the present invention is important for the function of high-rise PACS agreement.PACS-UB defined and the common layer 2 of PACS and layer 3 to improve the interoperability between permission and the non-licensing system.In the various moment, the fixed system ground floor construction all must be by transmitting various information flows to portable set in the air.This information comprises that system information channel is (together with port id, system identifier and access right register area ID, encrypting module, or change the clauses and subclauses of the message and so on of portable parameter) and transmit and remind or " ring " message has received their the prompting channel that enters calling with the non-activation of portable formula equipment of notice registration.Many such clauses and subclauses can be when system power-up from system controller to the disposable download of RPCU peripheral hardware, and can in the suitable moment this information be formed suitable message by RPCU.But in order to handle the call request that enters and to create and remind message (they broadcasting in reminding zone (being whole system here)), controller must be intervened in real time.As mentioned above, the method that realizes the system controller broadcast-capable here adopts control channel time slot (time-gap number is 255) to be used for all broadcasting packets (referring to Fig. 4).This has reduced the maximum isolation cover quantity that large scale system can be supported, but makes single message can arrive all peripheral of all cages of system.The implication of peripheral hardware backplane interface is that any given peripheral hardware must be able to read continuous two time slots on the backplane in the cage 254, and this is because the control time slot of time slot and this cage is adjacent.
A feature of the present invention is that system is not limited to single isolation cover structure.For example in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, system can support maximum 255 cages by 150 connections of serial High-speed Optical Fiber Link.This provides in the maximum configured system and to have surpassed 20000 circuit, and meanwhile makes the minimum system configuration need not second cage and connection hardware just can be supported maximum 80 circuits.Along with the power system capacity growth of requirement, can be connected in series more cage by high speed (1.0486 Gb/s) serial link.The cage of each increase is connected into annular successively.
In the preferred embodiment of many cages system, the cage controller is positioned at 0 place, card slot address of each cage.It is responsible for providing backplane 32768MHZ clock and discrete frame initial pulse so that subordinate card and backplane sequential are synchronous.The frame start line is in high level during frame slot 0, otherwise is low level.During time slot 0, thereby the cage controller must be put into cage numbering channel 1 and makes the subordinate card know which cage it has inserted and monitored which control channel.Thereby the synchronization bit pattern is positioned to make within the channel 2 and 3 of time slot 0 and can be connected in series card and can recovers frame slot.The cage controller card is system CU or the serial connection card in the cage 0.
The physical address of card has with the backplane circuit of the corresponding level of each card slot by 5 and carries out hardware encoding.In this manner, card can " heat " inserts and knows in two frame periods (250 microsecond) it is in which cage and inserted in which physical slot.In this manner, card is known control channel time slot that is monitored and the address realm that is responded.Therefore card can insert operating system and determine it automatically in intrasystem address, and sends service request to be used for configuration to main control unit.
Between single man-hour/channel allocation transmits by 14 bits that are included in eight hytes of two data.Two MSBs have defined physical channel and 12 MSBs have defined time slot (referring to Fig. 4).255 cages that comprise 16 cards (every card has 8 line capacity) provide the capacity of 32640 lines.4096 time slots multiply by 4 physical channels deduct 256 time slots multiply by 5 control channels just 15104 simplex channels or 7552 duplex calls.As mentioned above, suppose that 25% the rate that occupies then has 30208 lines.
In single cage system, time slot allocation is all finished by call treatment, so only allow eight hytes of given time/channel of an equipment write-access.But in many cages system, between the serial connection card that connects last cage and other subordinate card in same cage, there is competition.Eight hytes of time/channel are still distributed by the CU in this cage, but the serial connection card repeats the data that find blindly and do not know that call treatment is arranged on the backplane of last cage.
And variable delay line of insertion between the input of the system that N cage the arranged output of make inserting cage N-1 and cage 0, it accurately equals to return a frame delay of cage 0 when having adopted the cage of whole numbers.This has kept the frame slot structure when loop is closed.This frame delay that also will block inserts the data of cage 1～N-1 with the response data reading command.Therefore, the card in the cage 0 must be discerned its position and insert a frame delay to align with the system remainder.
The frame sync word that is positioned at eight hytes of two high positions of first frame slot provides frame and slot synchronization.M the time-slot delay that it is benchmark that each cage comprises with last cage sequential, this delay is caused by required parallel-to-serial-parallel session in the 1.0486 Gb/s serial links.Because for the card address decoder, cage numbering is shown in the two or eight hyte of first time slot in each cage, and institute is so that discern (N-1) M time-slot delay in the local cage sequential of the frame sequential that is stuck in relative system cage 0 in the cage N-1.This relative timing information will by the RPCU card be used for from the initial sequential of frame deduct an integer time slot so that all radio port as the PACS-UB agreement is required in system scope super and special super frame synchronous.Final time sequence precision is in 1 microsecond.
First frame of 16 super frame sent in frame sync word in non-upset mode.The super frame structure allows according to the pn sequence 16 frame lengths to be made the bit scrambler.This frame sync word of having avoided embedding user data has consistent form.
In cage 1～N-1, the high speed serialization receiver produces bus clock signal and frame sync extracts out and the duplicated frame data from last cage.This receiver is owing to need not to preserve call treatment state knowledge, so quite simple.For example can adopt 4 lines and control line to indicate receiver and card whether should in frame, write specific eight hytes or ternary and allow wherein that a local card inserts slot.In the time slot before the subordinate card writes backplane, the subordinate card must make suitable control line be in low level to make eight hytes be in three-state to the receiver and card indication in next time slot.This has solved conflicting between the serial connection card and other subordinate card in the same cage.
Above-mentioned CU function can realize by the call control software that moves on the Intel x86 series processors under the commercial kernel program.Certainly, also can adopt according to other configuration of the present invention.
Because backplane exchange optical fiber has exchanged one or more 64kbps set of streams, so system is very flexible with respect to the characteristic of inserting the card in the cage.For example the mutual work card of data can be used for supporting the wireless data under the PACSs data structure.Also can utilize additional card as the voice path of linking up (for example meeting or third-party call) voice message.
The Access Management Access card can add large scale system so that main CU is freed from the generic task of visit checking and link encryption key management.In this respect, the PACS specification description provide the AM function of some services to radio system.Prototype PACS-UB system realizes this part function as the integral part of call control software.These functions comprise: set up, preserve and remove the SU registration and distribute relevant radio system; The checking and make the SU register requirement effective, may comprise the deciphering of SU certificate; The initialization SU relevant with call-delivery reminds with the incoming call service request of response from the line interface peripheral hardware; And the original intent of stipulating the SU calling through registration.The PACS standard is called RPCU-AM communication by the national ISDN-1 message of standard through the ISDN channel.At personal visit phone/data system, need provide local AM function to manage the private user group.
Other modification of system also is feasible.For example, it is believed that and can the RPCU peripheral hardware of different air interface protocols be defined, provide the relative general character of backplane structure and call processing software function.
Above the present invention has been made detailed description.But describe just schematically.For those skilled in that art, it is conspicuous under the prerequisite that does not depart from spirit and scope of the invention the present invention being done various modifications.
Claims (9)
1. a device that uses in the communication system with a plurality of terminals of exchangeing subscriber signal of communication is used for selecting between described terminal route to transmit described signal of communication, it is characterized in that comprising:
The backplane bus that comprises a plurality of modular connections;
The control device that links to each other with described backplane by at least one described modular connection;
The interface arrangement that a plurality of and described backplane bus links to each other, each all passes through at least one described modular connection, and described interface arrangement is configured to provide described user communications signals by described backplane bus by form and the speed determined by described control device;
Wherein said form comprises the time format that described user communications signals is divided into multiframe, every frame comprises the predetermined time slot of quantity, and the described time slot of first quantity provides system's control data and the described time slot of second quantity provides and described user communications signals corresponding user data.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that at least one described interface arrangement comprise with the time-division baseband format to the radio control unit that transmits user communications signals from wireless set, described wireless set provides wireless access to one or more radio terminals.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described time-division baseband format is the defined form of personal access communication system agreement.
4 devices as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that a part of described system control data comprises the address data that indication is positioned at the destination at one of them described interface arrangement place.
5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described address data comprises the register address data that the card address date of selected one of them the described modular connection numbered positions of indication and indication and one of them selected described modular connection are numbered the register address that is associated.
6. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described backplane, described control device and described a plurality of interface arrangement are provided in the module card cage assembly.
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that providing up to the device of the described interface arrangement that pre-determines quantity as the described control device of subordinate in described card cage assembly.
8. device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that further comprising a plurality of module card cage assemblies, each comprises backplane bus, control device and one or more external device, and each control device of each module card cage assembly is linked into daisy chain by serial communication interface.
9. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the speed of described serial communication interface transmission data equals to send by described backplane bus the speed of data.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1649196P | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | |
| US60/016,491 | 1996-04-30 | ||
| US08/641,161 | 1996-05-09 | ||
| US08/641,161 US5796729A (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1996-05-09 | Integrated telecommunication system architecture for wireless and wireline access featuring PACS radio technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1229544A true CN1229544A (en) | 1999-09-22 |
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ID=26688665
Family Applications (1)
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| CN96180273A Pending CN1229544A (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-06-18 | Integrated telecommunication system architecture for wireless and wireline access featuring RACS radio technology |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2000504192A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20000065144A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1229544A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6280096A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2252473C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997041650A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106364178A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥菲力姆数码科技有限公司 | Medical film printing system based on wireless network |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1783937A3 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2008-03-26 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Infrastructure for wireless LANS |
| JP4112020B2 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 2008-07-02 | シンボル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Wireless LAN infrastructure |
| US8130749B2 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2012-03-06 | Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories Inc., A Corp of California | Telephone network interface bridge between data telephony networks and dedicated connection telephony networks |
| WO1999060813A2 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Methods and apparatus for integrating voice and data systems |
| GB2342535A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | A modular radio telecommunications terminal |
| US7173923B2 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2007-02-06 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Security in multiple wireless local area networks |
| US7298975B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2007-11-20 | L-3 Communications Integrated Systems L.P. | Synchronous collapsed ring architecture for real-time signal switching and distribution |
| US6714556B1 (en) * | 2000-07-17 | 2004-03-30 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | In-band management of a stacked group of switches by a single CPU |
| BR0302755A (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2003-11-25 | Eduardo Moreno Marques | Concentration system for access to fixed and mobile telephony services |
| JP5042629B2 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2012-10-03 | トムソン ライセンシング | Integrated cellular / PCS-POTS communication system |
| US9351077B1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2016-05-24 | L-3 Communications Integrated Systems Lp | Systems and methods for independent and control-isolated audio processing (ICIAP) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5241537A (en) * | 1991-06-04 | 1993-08-31 | Ericsson Ge Mobile Communications, Inc. | Conventional base station interface architecture for RF trunking multisite switch |
| US5544222A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1996-08-06 | Pacific Communication Sciences, Inc. | Cellular digtial packet data mobile data base station |
-
1996
- 1996-06-18 AU AU62800/96A patent/AU6280096A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-18 CA CA002252473A patent/CA2252473C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-18 JP JP9538835A patent/JP2000504192A/en active Pending
- 1996-06-18 KR KR1019980708748A patent/KR20000065144A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-18 CN CN96180273A patent/CN1229544A/en active Pending
- 1996-06-18 WO PCT/US1996/010355 patent/WO1997041650A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106364178A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥菲力姆数码科技有限公司 | Medical film printing system based on wireless network |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2252473A1 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
| CA2252473C (en) | 2002-04-09 |
| JP2000504192A (en) | 2000-04-04 |
| AU6280096A (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| WO1997041650A1 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
| KR20000065144A (en) | 2000-11-06 |
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