CN1227991A - Power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method - Google Patents
Power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A digital communication method using electric power network features that its communication network is composed of electric power network, wave carrier interface and modem. When data flows from master site to slave site, it sequentially passes through application, network, data link and physical layers. When data flows from slave site to master site, it sequentially passes through physical, data link, network and application layers. It has a complete set of 4-layer network protocols. Its advantages are reliable and stable communication, low error rate,high anti-interference power and high P/C ratio.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of communication means of network, be meant that especially that modern network technology is used in existing low tension wire is online, thus the communication means of a kind of power carrier of setting up (PLC net) digital transmission network.
At present, the charging method of water, electricity, gas three tables that generally use roughly has following several: one, the most traditional manual metering mode is added up, is adjusted, this method workload is big, inefficiency, easily make mistakes, exist statistical error and be unfavorable for statistics, simultaneously, registering one's residence checks meter bothers resident family, causes potential unsafe factor to the resident; Two, wired concentrate tabled look-up, and the water power gas meter continuous data of every family is focused on a place with holding wire respectively, handle then, though this method has solved the problem of bothering resident family, owing to lay a large amount of holding wires, so the amount of centrostigma management is very limited; Three, wireless concentrating tabled look-up, the water power gas meter continuous data of every family is focused on a place with radio or infrared ray, handle then, because it is anti-interference, technical reasons such as Signal Spacing can not be generally practical: four, IC-card, IC-card is used very universal in recent years, this technology is successful is applied to the IC ammeter, but owing to need power supply and repeated manual operation (plug-in card, pull out card), implying bigger safety issue and later maintenance problem when being applied to water meter and gas meter: five, the management of power carrier network, development of internet technology and application, tabling look-up to charge for three tables provides new approaches, has all made a large amount of research-and-development activitys in recent years both at home and abroad, existing import equipment price height, and incompatibility China's actual conditions, the product of domestic-developed often have only simple network configuration and do not possess the multi-layer protocol of network, therefore exist anti-interference, technical problem and general practical commercialization problems such as the error rate.As Chinese patent 92110485.8 ammeters, water meter, gas meter automatic data acquisition system (ADAS) is exactly only to solve transmission problem in the power carrier mode, and data communication is the direct transmission mode of point-to-point, and the structure and the communication protocol that there is no network exist.
In addition, development along with information technology, people wish to realize the modern management of building and dwelling house, this is that a modern important symbol is moved towards in the city, it also is at the state of development of urban construction clusterization, sub-districtization and a problem of being badly in need of solving, adopt the height degree of perfection of building automatic management system, become the important step of house property value estimations already.
In view of the foregoing, purpose of the present invention is exactly a kind of power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method of development and Design, this network communication method possesses the complete four-layer network network agreement of a cover, makes the data communication of whole network stable, reliable, and the error rate is low, antijamming capability is strong.
Further purpose of the present invention adopts above-mentioned power carrier network technology exactly, use the 220V/380V power line, the structure Power line carrier network, the transfer of data of the electric table of management of water and the work of related network device, thus provide a kind of practicality, reliable and stable, the ratio of performance to price is high and suitable Chinese dwelling house situation three the table total management systems.
The objective of the invention is to realize in the following manner.
A kind of power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method, network is made up of power network, carrier interface, modulator-demodulator, this power carrier digital transmission network is when carrying out digital information transmission communication, adopt four-layer network network protocol communication method, wherein, flow to the downlink data of slave station by main website and to be followed successively by application layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer, and be followed successively by physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer to the upstream data flow direction of main website by slave station.
Described application layer comprises that the operation of the formation of application software, user interface, application function and the network information and analysis, application function finishes etc., be that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and microsystem are the function that practical application is finished, as the compiling of user terminal data acquisition, demonstration and microsystem, statistics, printing, design, forwarding, supervision etc.
Described network layer is controlled the correct transmission of message end to end, comprises functions such as address, route, forwarding, network status monitoring, and it provides transparent " dialogue " for application layer.
Described data link layer is determined correct transmission rate, frame structure, method of calibration, network transmitting-receiving conflict control and the check of point-to-point.
Described physical layer is finished the correct transmission and the extraction of point-to-point " bit ", for the network high level provides transparent physical channel.
A kind of water power gas meter total management system, form by 220V/380V three-phase distribution circuit, a central station host, a master controller, several repeaters, several terminal collectors and several digital watches, utilize 220V/380V three-phase distribution line to constitute the power carrier network, the power carrier network of three table total management systems adopts above-mentioned four-layer network ruton letter protocol method when carrying out data communication.
Because the application of above-mentioned power carrier network service, employing is flowed to the downlink data of slave station by main website and is followed successively by application layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer, be followed successively by physical layer and flow to the upstream data of main website by slave station, data link layer, network layer and application layer, make network communication method possess the complete four-layer network network agreement of a cover, make the data communication of whole network stable, the error rate is low, antijamming capability is strong, utilizes the present invention can provide a kind of practicality by Power line carrier network, reliable and stable, three table total management systems of the high and suitable Chinese dwelling house situation of the ratio of performance to price.
The present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a water power gas meter total management system network connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a procotol structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a procotol application layer sending module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a procotol application layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a procotol network layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a procotol network layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a Internet protocol data link layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a Internet protocol data link layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a procotol physical layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a procotol physical layer receiver module signal flow graph of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method of the present invention, network is made up of power network, carrier interface, modulator-demodulator.This power carrier digital transmission network is when carrying out digital information transmission communication, adopt four-layer network network protocol communication method, wherein, flow to the downlink data of slave station by main website and to be followed successively by application layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer, and be followed successively by physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer to the upstream data flow direction of main website by slave station.
The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of each layer is relatively independent, but is again interrelated when using, and low layer provides service for high level, high-rise low layer is controlled.And protocols having mutually on the identical layer of different nodes can be talked with normally according to agreement.Physically each website separates fully, has nothing in common with each other, and is equivalent to the different port of a system in logic, the situation that can inquire about this port during application at any time.
The present invention has four-layer network network protocol architecture and corresponding contents thereof:
1, application layer: this layer comprises that the operation of the formation of application software, user interface, application function and the network information and analysis, application function finishes etc., be that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and microsystem are the function that practical application is finished, application layer mainly is the relevant function of finishing for practical application, data as collection, demonstration and the microsystem of user terminal data are compiled, statistics, printing, design etc., here mainly introduce the application layer relation between microsystem and the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the relation between them relates generally to following two category informations:
The order that a microcomputer sends to Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (user terminal, repeater).
B Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (user terminal, repeater) is to the information and the state of microsystem loopback.
More than two category informations mainly realize in the realization of application layer by menu, each function is given specific numbering, when downwards one deck sends, directly transmit and number and entrained data.The basic structure of data is:
1?byte?n?byte
The function numbering is carried data
For system of the present invention, the application layer substance is specifically shown in Fig. 3,4.When sending, the serial ports initialization is got function and number is tabled look-up, the length of fetching data, and does sending function number send correctness? if correct the transmission finished, and sends next byte; Put time of reception, start reception; If send and to make mistakes, put and send wrong and return; When receiving, receiving function number is got function after correct and number tabled look-up, and gets the reception data length, and is fixed overtime, if overtime, then returns; If not overtime, accept whether interruption is arranged, have, then get the reception data.
2, network layer: control the correct transmission of message end to end, comprise functions such as address, route, forwarding, network status monitoring, it provides transparent " dialogue " for application layer; This layer is from being converted to the network data of following form after application layer obtains data:
1?byte????1?byte????1?byte????1?byte????n?byte
Data length routing address performance data
Wherein route and address are to add that by the object that network layer is implemented function according to application layer a user number and the routing number table of comparisons are arranged in master controller, and data length is meant the byte number of all the elements after this byte.
In the content of network layer in the system of the present invention specifically shown in Fig. 5,6.When from link layer to network layer, get the link layer data, the initialization network layer, RW is not equal at 0 o'clock, put non-machine data, return: RW equals at 0 o'clock, puts this machine data: when from network layer to link layer, get network layer data stream, initialization link layer data stream when I=0, is tabled look-up and is got the land route by control word RW, and put conversion, finish end.
3, data link layer: determine correct transmission rate, frame structure, method of calibration, network transmitting-receiving conflict control and the detection of point-to-point.This layer is converted to biography network frame under after obtaining data from network layer, or network frame is converted to network layer data uploads, and the network frame structure is:
1?byte????1?byte????1?byte????1?byte????????????1?byte????n?byte????1?byte
The control of synchronous head routing address route | data length performance data FCS
Wherein, the synchronous head byte is taked odd, and the data of other byte are taked even parity check, FCS be verification and.BIT7-BIT4 represents route control in the route control/data length byte, BIT7=1 represents downlink data (promptly being sent by master controller) downwards, BIT7=0 represents upstream data, BIT6-BIT4 represents relaying progression, when descending, its initial value represents that this operation arrives the needed handover number in point of destination, and is every through the one-level relaying, its numerical value subtracts 1, and its numerical value is zero when arriving the point of destination; Opposite its initial value is 0, whenever up transmits one-level when up, and its numerical value adds 1, and BIT3-BIT0 represents data length, can be 0-FH.
Referring to Fig. 7,8, during transmission, fetch data, get sync byte, table look-up and get the frequency modulation word, byte of sync is regularly transferred the physics sending module, sends synchronous prefix and odd parity bit, and sync byte is regularly got next byte, transfer the physics sending module, send synchronous prefix and even parity bit, send and finish, return.During reception, initialization, byte of sync is regularly transferred the physics receiver module, receives synchronous prefix, and byte of sync is regularly transferred the physics receiver module, receives next byte, finishes receiving, and gets route control RW, and this machine data receives, and returns.
4, physical layer: comprise power network, carrier interface, modulator-demodulator, finish the correct transmission and the extraction of point-to-point " bit ", for the network high level provides transparent physical channel.The network frame that this layer sent the upper strata here is formed the serial data of 2400BPS, and the carrier signal that is modulated to 100K~200K is then delivered on the electrical network by carrier interface; Or the carrier signal on the electrical network is demodulated into the serial data of 2400BPS, be converted to network frame then and deliver to that network is high-rise to be handled.
Referring to Fig. 9,10, physical layer of the present invention comprises sending module, and the byte of sync position is got in initialization, synchronously after, send start bit, data bit, check digit, position of rest successively, put and be sent completely, return; Receiver module, the byte of sync position is got in initialization, synchronously after, receive SYSW, correct after, get SYSW and table look-up, relatively carrier signal receives next byte, finishes, and returns.
See also Fig. 1, for power carrier network communication method of the present invention is the basic three table total management system schematic diagrames that design.The maximum characteristics and the successful part of native system are to have used modern network technology, on electrical network, set up a carrier number word network, realized addressing communication, and be not only 2 communications, make the physical function of dispersion form a whole network system, and guaranteed digital information between main website and the slave station correctly, modulation transmissions stably.
The hardware architecture of system is by 220V/380V three-phase distribution circuit, digital watch, collector (terminal), repeater, master controller, central station host system.
1,220V/380V three-phase distribution circuit
The three-phase and four-line distribution line, promptly general used 220V/380V low tension gauze is made of three phase line (live line) and zero lines that differ 120 degree, is 380V mutually mutually, is 220V mutually.Because this net is that institute of resident family is requisite, and is that local is interconnected, and therefore provides ready-made channel, can load several ten thousand hertz of carrier signals to several megahertzes.This channel practical purpose is to transmit the electric energy of the great power of 220V, 50HZ, thereby each consumer electronics all is articulated on the electric wire by the low frequency power coupled modes.The most frequently used is transformer coupled, and its transmission bandwidth is limited, is generally several hertz to several KHz, and higher frequency is had buffer action.
2, digital watch
Digital watch is the important step of native system, and its function passes to collector for physical quantitys such as the water yield, electric weight, coal gas amount are converted into digital quantity.Its reliability and accuracy directly influence the performance of system.Can adopt digital water meter, ammeter and the gas meter of having checked and approved use, or mechanical type water meter, ammeter and gas meter are reequiped after check and approve use.The signal output interface of digital watch should be complementary with the collector signal input interface or mates conversion.
3, collector
Collector is mounted in gathers the digital watch signal in resident family or the dwelling house corridor, and can data be passed to the single-chip network terminal system of central station by power carrier.The application function of collector and connection number of users can be set as required.Its major function is: gather the digital watch signal, the accumulative total storage receives network signal, the transmission counting according to etc.
4, repeater
The collector emitted power is limited, thereby the distance of transmission is shorter, and air line distance can reach 500M, but work as branch more for a long time, because insertion loss increases, effective propagation path shortens, general consideration is limited to a building (feeder cable 100M), and needs relaying between Lou Yulou; Isolate owing between the three-phase in addition, thereby also need relaying to change biography; This relaying is intelligent, not only signal regeneration is amplified, but also can have the special applications function, and as gathering the summary table data, electric network fault or the like is judged in segmentation.
5, master controller
Master controller is as the network control center of whole system, its major function is to carry out carrier transmission control, between central station microcomputer and user terminal, set up a digital network passage, make between central station and the user terminal and can reliably transmit various data and control command apace.
6, central station host system
All image data finally will focus on central station host and carry out integrated treatment, comprise the statistics charging, report printing or the like; Also have resident family's registration in addition, the rate setting, system management, initial value design, functions such as data forwarding are all concentrated in central station host and are finished.The central station host system comprises one of 386 above microcomputer, and Chinese Windows one cover is installed, sub-district three table integrated management softwares, one cover, one of printer.
Main website management software for native system is to be installed in the network center station by sub-district three table integrated management softwares, comprise that promptly native system uses, operates, manages and realize the interface of final required function for the user to the control of whole system and the interface of system and user session.
The exploitation of this management software adopts C++ to develop software based on the Chinese Windows platform, uses Object-Oriented Programming technology (OOP).Beautiful interface, close friend, the user can carry out operations such as data acquisition, charging, printing, system's setting, network monitoring and information browse easily.Owing to adopt the OOP technology, so can make amendment easily, expand according to user's special requirement.
Sub-district three table integrated management softwares divide four by application function: system configuration, data acquisition and setting, data base administration and help.
1, system configuration
This module is mainly finished following function:
Communications setting: serial port and the employed baud rate of communication port of selecting communication usefulness.
Communication test: communicate by letter whether success is feasible between test main website microcomputer and certain user terminal.Under communication failure or insecure situation, can provide information such as the reason of relevant communication failure and the Error Location of communicating by letter to the user, be convenient to installation, debugging and the maintenance of system.
Password setting: the password that need input when the user being set logining native system, use native system to prevent the disabled user.
2, data acquisition and setting
This module realizes selectively three table data of a certain scope resident family are gathered the function that is provided with three table data initializations:
Data acquisition: the water, electricity, gas consumption of resident family is collected the central station microcomputer, be used to check or preserve.
Primary data is set: the water, electricity, gas three table collectors to resident family are provided with initial count value.
3, data base administration
Data base administration is a pith of native system management software, and whether the quality of data base administration and reliability directly have influence on the performance of native system and practicality.The database file of native system and FoxPro library file compatibility, the database file that system generates can directly be manipulated in FoxPro software.Mainly contain following function:
Retrieval is browsed: by a certain search condition the resident family of a certain scope is retrieved out, according to user's the required resident family's information browsed of selective listing demonstration.
New resident family registration: in database, increase a new resident family, import the essential information of relevant resident family.
Resident family's deletion: resident family of deletion from database.
Management organization is provided with: the organization names of revising a certain cell management water, electricity, gas three table charges is set.
Cell name is provided with: the modification cell name is set.
Unit price is provided with: the charge unit price of revising water, electricity, gas is set, charges to add up for data base management system and use.
Statistical is provided with: the statistical of data base management system is set, as still statistics etc. quarterly monthly.
Print: will add up the result who charges and print by pay demand note and various form mode.
4, help
The various Online Help information of using native system are provided.
Concrete structure about network data of the present invention and network software can be:
1, network software
Network software comprises system software, the network management software, network control software.
System software is developed according to user's request, and user interface and data base administration mainly are provided; Comprise the master station application software module and be solidificated in the interior acquisition module of collector etc.
The network management software provides the setting and the use of network data; And for network control software provides interface parameters or the like, this software module is integrated in the main website management software.
Network control software then is the software module of Control Network transfer of data; Be solidificated in main station controller, repeater, the collector; Network layer, link layer and the physical layer function of realization and Control Network.
2, network data
Network data comprises interlayer interface data and network service frame, is divided into upstream data (being sent by main website) and downlink data (being sent by slave station) according to information source.
In the present embodiment, the configuration of system's various command can be adopted:
1, system configuration order
The system configuration order is only effective to the master control box.
2, test command
Down order | Up commands in return | ||
The order numbering | The order meaning | The order numbering | The order meaning |
90H | Routing table is set, sends in proper order by routing number-relaying progression | AOH | Route is provided with success |
92H | Get routing table in the main controller | A2H | Return routing table, return in proper order by routing number-relaying progression |
Test command is used for whether successfully testing a certain user's communications from main website.
3, acquisition
Down order | Last line command | ||
The order numbering | The order meaning | The order numbering | The order meaning |
20H | Test a certain user | 30H | Test successfully |
Acquisition is used for the collection to user's water, electricity, gas table data.
4, the initial value order is set
Down order | Last line command | ||
The order numbering | The order meaning | The order numbering | The order meaning |
40H | The single household water meter | 50H | Order 6 BCD numbers of heel 3 bytes (wherein decimal) |
41H | The single household ammeter | 51H | The same |
42H | The single household gas meter | 52H | The same |
43H | Single household three tables | 53H | 9 byte BCD numbers (press the water, electricity and gas order, every table accounts for 3 bytes) |
44H | Four family water meters | 54H | 8 byte BCD numbers (each household 2 bytes are arranged from low to high by station address) |
45H | Four family ammeters | 55H | The same |
46H | Four family gas meters | 56H | The same |
This group command is used to be provided with the initial value of the water power gas meter of user terminal.
5, report to the police
Down order | Up commands in return | ||
The order numbering | The order meaning | The order numbering | The order meaning |
60H | The single household water meter is provided with (3 byte BCD number) | 70H | Success is set |
61H | The single household ammeter is provided with | 70H | Success is set |
62H | The single household gas meter is provided with | 70H | Success is set |
63H | The single household charge data is provided with | 70H | Success is set |
64H | Single household three tables are provided with (9 byte BCD number) | 70H | Success is set |
Alarm command belongs to line command, when emergency takes place the user, can send warning message by alarm keys.Its order is numbered BOH6, the commands in return of makeing mistakes
When the down order order down sends, might can not get correct answer, this shows that information in the process that transmits mistake has taken place, the commands in return of makeing mistakes just is used for replying error message to master controller, when making a mistake, master controller is except that receiving this byte of 80H, and the back also has the data of 1 byte to be used for representing error message, and its meaning is as follows:
The repeater that the relaying progression representative that makes mistakes of return information is arrived when making a mistake, four of the type of makeing mistakes correspondence, each represents a kind of type of error, when this position is 1, this mistake has taken place in expression, and concrete type of error is as follows: bit0: master controller sends always overtime; Bit1: it is overtime that carrier wave reclaims information; Bit2: carrier wave FCS mistake; Bit3: it is overtime to reclaim information byte.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of power wave-carrier digital transmission network communication method, network is made up of power network, carrier interface, modulator-demodulator, it is characterized in that: this power carrier digital transmission network is when carrying out digital information transmission communication, adopt four-layer network network protocol communication method, wherein, flow to the downlink data of slave station by main website and to be followed successively by application layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer, and be followed successively by physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer to the upstream data flow direction of main website by slave station.
2, power carrier digital transmission network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described application layer comprises that the operation of the formation of application software, user interface, application function and the network information and analysis, application function finishes etc., be that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and microsystem are the function that practical application is finished, as the compiling of user terminal data acquisition, demonstration and microsystem, statistics, printing, design, forwarding, supervision etc.
3, power carrier digital transmission network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described network layer is controlled the correct transmission of message end to end, comprise functions such as address, route, forwarding, network status monitoring, it provides transparent " dialogue " for application layer.
4, power carrier digital transmission network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described data link layer is determined correct transmission rate, frame structure, method of calibration, network transmitting-receiving conflict control and the check of point-to-point.
5, power carrier digital transmission network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described physical layer is finished the correct transmission and the extraction of point-to-point " bit ", for the network high level provides transparent physical channel.
6, a kind of water power gas meter total management system, form by 220V/380V three-phase distribution circuit, a central station host, a master controller, several repeaters, several terminal collectors and several digital watches, utilize 220V/380V three-phase distribution line to constitute the power carrier network, it is characterized in that: the power carrier network of described three table total management systems adopts the described four-layer network ruton letter of claim 1 protocol method when carrying out data communication.
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CN106875663B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2020-07-28 | 天纳能源科技(上海)有限公司 | Data concentrator for substation monitoring system and control method |
CN109218388A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南铁路科技职业技术学院 | Network data processing method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
CN109218388B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南铁路科技职业技术学院 | Network data processing method, device and computer readable storage medium |
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