CN1224929C - System and method for integrated field information collecting, positioning and processing - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an integrated field information acquiring, positioning and processing system and a method. The present invention comprises a transmitting unit, an attitude control unit, an acquiring unit and a positioning unit controlled by a central processing unit, wherein the positioning unit is used for determining the position of the information acquired in the field in the same time space. GPS signals are received at real time and are converted into corresponding coordinates in order to exactly drop sampling points and the information of sampling tracks on correct time-space positions. The acquiring unit is used for acquiring multiple information, and sensors of multiple functions are assembled and are arranged on the time-space sensors positions determined by the positioning unit for obtaining the signals induced by the sensors. The operation of the acquiring unit is controlled by the attitude control unit, and the functions of the sensors are adjusted in order to guarantee the normal work of the acquiring unit. The transmitting unit is used for transmitting the acquired information and the control information of the control unit, and the central processing unit is used for the contrast analysis of the acquired information and outputting processing results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of System and method for of collection, location and overall treatment analysis of open-air information, integrate GPS (GPS), GIS (Geographic Information System), multiple sensors and background standard database corresponding with it, particularly can be according to user's different needs, by the transposing software and hardware of simple assembly type, thus the disposable collection location of the required relevant information of user and the System and method for that real time comprehensive is analyzed finished.
Background technology
Remote sensing technology information acquisition aspect in the open air application surface is very wide, the Aeronautics and Astronautics remote sensing of generally using now mainly be on a large scale, the observation method of middle large scale, its star (satellite) carries, machine (aircraft) set sensor function becomes more diverse, integrated, often can once gather multiple information, satisfy the needs of different user.Yet, closely, but lack a kind of method and apparatus aspect the Small and Medium Sized remote sensing and can carry out integrated quick sampling and can help user's analysis and distinguishing the multiple information in ground: for example agriculture field need be sampled with descending and be judged liquid manure and plant growth, situations such as disease and pest---but can't disposablely finish; In forestry, all there is similar demand in many fields such as water conservancy flood control.
Field information acquisition is a very complicated job normally, and the multiple information of most of need of work is together analyzed just and can be obtained the result, because information differing greatly on kind (having image/video information acquisition, spectrum data gathering, gas content data acquisition, soil composition to gather or the like), the staff is subjected to all restrictions of aspects such as instrument, professional background, often once can only gather class data, in the open air it is kept on the magnetic recording medium, treats a day aftertreatment.Even related data is all collected, when getting back to office and carry out analyzing and processing, also can cause the error of result of study because of data gap in time through repeatedly gathering.More noticeablely in addition be, because collecting method does not in the past have locating device (even if having, also be to separate artificial record, cause that to increase workload big and make mistakes easily in matching process), when handling, there is not (accurately) latitude and longitude coordinates, thereby can't (accurately) judgement information consistance spatially. the above-mentioned data space and time difference problem of in field information acquisition process in the past, mentioning, not only cause work efficiency low, and one-sided (only by a kind of data analysis) when decision problem easily, its major defect is that the space and time difference of information can not satisfy the requirement that accurate mapping is now analyzed.
Though the GPS GPS has obtained using widely in a lot of fields now, as auto navigation, exploration subsidiary or the like, they are closely failed and the miscellaneous equipment effective integration aspect the sampling on ground, thereby have reduced work efficiency.
In addition, along with the quickening of rhythm of life now, people need make the various information in scene and gather and make analysis-by-synthesis and judgement timely in the very first time in many cases, as diseases and pests of agronomic crop---spray medicine, flood level flow---hazard level, road construction or the like, obvious existing method can't be satisfied the demand fully.Also have a bit noticeablely to be exactly, the open-air condition very severe of sampled point under many circumstances, people work can influence healthy for a long time, also some place that need sample or even very dangerous.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of user-friendly, system integration device easily of giving, database at the bottom of its collection GPS, multiple sensors master copy corresponding with it, analysis-by-synthesis software can carry out integral collecting, location and total system and method to the needed multiple information of user in real time in one.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of integrated field information collecting, location and disposal system, its characteristics are to comprise:
Locating unit, form by GPS reception (receive) card and external global positioning system antenna, be used for determining the position of field information to be collected at same space-time, by accepting gps signal in real time, and convert thereof into corresponding coordinate, thereby the information of sampled point and sample track is fallen on the correct space-time position accurately;
One collecting unit is used for multiple information is gathered, and by making up the sensor of multiple function, and it is arranged on the signal that obtains described sensor sensing on the space-time position that described positioning unit determines;
One attitude control module, the function adjustment that is used to control the motion of collecting unit and carries out described sensor is to guarantee the operate as normal of described collecting unit;
One transmission unit is used for the transmission of the control information of the Information Monitoring of described collecting unit and described attitude control module.
One CPU (central processing unit) is controlled described positioning unit, attitude control module and transmission unit by computer hardware and software platform, and the information that collects is analyzed and data processed result is exported.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics are that described GPS receiving card and described control module integrate.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics are that described attitude control module is made up of with the unified hardware interface that is connected with multiple sensors on being installed in described The Cloud Terrace the The Cloud Terrace that can adjust attitude.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics are that described collecting unit is made up of multiple assembly type sensor, and described sensor is provided with unified hardware interface.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics be described CPU (central processing unit) by industrial control computer, standard interface and the software control system that is stored on the storage that described computing machine deposits form; Described standard interface comprises that one is used for the hardware interface that is connected with the gps antenna of described positioning unit, and one is used for the hardware interface that is connected with the The Cloud Terrace of described attitude control module, and one is used for the hardware interface that links to each other with a unified output line of described collecting unit; Described software control system comprises locating module, transmission acquisition module, monitors control module, analysis module and computer operating system module.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics are that described transmission unit comprises customization signal integration device, decoding signals and transmission line, is used for described CPU (central processing unit) is exported in various sensor input signal unifications.
Above-mentioned information acquisition, location and disposal system, its characteristics be described sensor be in video sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, gas sensor, spectrum sensor, plant sensor, plant canopy analyte sensors, plant light and the action sensing device any one, perhaps be combination in any wherein.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose better, the present invention also provides the method for a kind of integrated field information collecting, location and processing, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, utilize gps system to receive gps signal, and described signal is transferred to a computer control system at a sampled point;
B, as required the various information that multiple corresponding signal picker is gathered described sampled point are set, monitor that by one control module shows described information, and according to the collection attitude of the described signal picker of the corresponding adjustment of demonstration situation;
C, when Information Monitoring is satisfied the picker and is required, carry out an acquisition instructions, sampled point is positioned on the correct space-time position, and the elements of a fix and the motion track information of described sampled point be transferred to described computer control system, and described information is stored on the described computer control system with document form;
D, in described computer control system, set up a volatile data base, the described Information Monitoring of classification storage;
E, the normal data of sorted described Information Monitoring by the inherent described space-time position of class and a standard database is analyzed, again analysis-by-synthesis carried out in sorted described Information Monitoring;
F, Comprehensive analysis results is exported.
The method of above-mentioned information acquisition, location and processing, its characteristics are: in step c, be to convert gps signal to standard latitude and longitude coordinates or standard kilometer coordinate information.
The method of above-mentioned information acquisition, location and processing, its characteristics are: also comprise the steps: in step b or c
The information of the different-format of various signal picker collections is integrated,
The unified binary format signal that adds sign is formed data stream utilizes a data line to be transferred to computer system;
The data of passing back are carried out the data layout verification;
To the data that verification meets the demands decode, data layout reduction, and signal identification everywhere discerned.
The method of above-mentioned information acquisition, location and processing, its characteristics are: will to data decode and data layout reduction after the signal that obtains be presented on the display screen of computer system, and be presented in the corresponding window with specific format.
The grafting of native system is very good, promptly can the one man operation (the shoulder back of the body), can follow most vehicles again, agricultural machinery is integrated, staff's major part work just can just can have been finished by operating computer in car like this, not only reduced the labour intensity of field work, the more important thing is and improved efficiency greatly.
According to the sampling unit of the assembly type of a kind of plug and play provided by the present invention and the link method of processing unit, the user can select sensor and corresponding software as required, finishes the disposable collection and the processing of information needed.
Adopt said system and method, can guarantee under the prerequisite of multiple information at same space-time position, method to multiple Information Field real-time analysis is provided, the existing on-the-spot geography information of multiple information of same system itself time when same place unified time in conjunction with common problem analysis, the one, guarantee the correctness of reference information, its resulting result simple anything but " 1+1=2 " in addition, their can play important effect from the angle assurance problem of integral macroscopic to the staff.
Further specify embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is collection, location and the total system synoptic diagram of the open-air multiple information of the present invention
Fig. 2 is signal transmission unit signal integration-decomposing schematic representation among Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is a kind of embodiment of the present invention aspect precision agriculture
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional index synoptic diagram of standard database among Fig. 3 embodiment
Fig. 5 is a kind of spectral analysis process synoptic diagram in the analytic process among Fig. 3 embodiment
Embodiment
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the collection location and the overall treatment analytic system of the open-air multiple information of the present invention's design mainly comprise hardware subsystem and two big ingredients of software subsystem, wherein hardware subsystem comprises CPU (central processing unit), positioning unit, collecting unit and transmission unit four big units again, through highly integrated formation two large divisions, software subsystem comprises locating module, analysis module, control module and transport module.Now mainly form with function introduction it as follows:
One, hardware subsystem:
CPU (central processing unit) 1: industrial control computer and related elements by customization are formed, contain three standard interfaces, one is used for being connected with gps antenna, one is used for being connected with the The Cloud Terrace of attitude control module, another is used for linking to each other with the unified output line of collecting unit, and central processing control unit mainly is that the information that collecting unit is gathered is handled, preserved.
Positioning unit 11: be made up of GPS receiving card and external antenna, this GPS receiving card and central processing control unit are integrated, the accurate location when being mainly used in sampling and the processing of sample track.
The attitude control module: by the The Cloud Terrace 12 that can adjust attitude with its on the standard interface that is connected with multiple sensors form, be mainly used in to the collection in worksite of user's information needed and with the attitude adjustment of its corresponding sensor.Wherein various assembly type sensors can need be assembled voluntarily, be arranged by the user, and are simple and convenient.
Collecting unit: form by various sensors A, B, C, D, be used to gather the needed various information of user, present spendable sensor comprises video sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, gas (co2) sensor, spectrum sensor, plant canopy analyte sensors and plant light and action sensing device etc.
Transmission unit: form by customizing signal integration device and decoding signals and standard interface, be mainly used in central processing control unit is exported in various sensor input signal unifications.
Two, software subsystem:
Locating module, transmission acquisition module, supervision control module and analysis module utilize this software subsystem, can be achieved as follows function:
Can be achieved as follows step at locating module:
Gps antenna is accepted gps signal (can select disk aerial, rod dress antenna and all-in-one according to accuracy requirement).
Signal transmits into CPU (central processing unit) by standard interface, and signal is not at this moment preserved, and refreshes constantly and only take a fritter internal memory, simultaneously signal is presented at the monitor end.
Program converts gps signal to standard latitude and longitude coordinates or standard square grid coordinate after the acquisition instructions of receiving monitoring unit.
With dot file, or the trail file that generates in a period of time is as together being saved in the database corresponding with this kind information in one of header file content of the information of this point preservation with this information.
According to background normal data (GIS), on the correct space-time position of falling of the accurate position of this point.Can be achieved as follows step at the transmission acquisition module:
Each sensor image data respectively all sends to the signal integration device;
The signal integration device adds sign to the signal that each sensor sends, as A ... END
B…ENDC…ENDD…END；
The signal integration device converts the signal unification of various different-formats to binary mode;
The signal integration device is formed data stream with the consolidation form signal that adds sign, passes central processing unit back by unified bus.
The data decoder of CPU (central processing unit) is carried out format check to returned data;
To the data that verification meets the demands decode, data layout reduction, and various signal identifications are discerned (signal is presented at respectively monitors in the corresponding end window simultaneously);
As meet the demands, then it is gathered according to the instruction of monitoring unit, promptly store the database corresponding into this information.
Monitoring that control module can be achieved as follows step:
Signal behind the decoding signals decomposition-reduction is presented at respectively on the screen of monitor end: the video gathered of video sensor for example, the warm and humid data that the curve of spectrum that spectrum sensor is gathered, Temperature Humidity Sensor are gathered all are presented in the corresponding window with its specific format.This moment, information was not saved, and only utilized the sub-fraction memory headroom that information is refreshed constantly.
The picker as required, by the The Cloud Terrace attitude of attitude control system adjustment carrying all the sensors or the attitude of certain sensor, as utilizing Engineering Control software to transfer motor rotation on the The Cloud Terrace, all the sensors all is placed on the spherical axle, can finish four-way 90 degree rotations.
In posture changing, the continual signal integration signal decoding one by one that passes through of the signal that sensor is gathered, the process of Xian Shiing being presented in the corresponding window of monitor end constantly respectively, when information satisfies requiring of picker, distance as vision signal, the variation of the curve of spectrum (former) in the spectrum sensor height change, angle of radar sensor or the like, the picker assigns acquisition instructions, by the transmission acquisition module with this time point or one or more information in a period of time be saved in its () corresponding database in, gather the gps signal of this time point or move formed trace information by sensor in a period of time by locating module simultaneously, and together preserve as one of header file content that deposits information in the database in.
Can be achieved as follows step at analysis module:
Analytic unit mainly comprises the volatile data base of depositing various Information Monitorings, each information standard database as reference standard, separate analysis module at each information, can carry out several parts of analysis-by-synthesis module of analysis-by-synthesis to multiple information, can according to user's needs collection site activate analyze constantly or end to be collected after analyze again, obtain a result.
Analyze at the information that a certain sensor is gathered, this information data that is kept in the volatile data base is accessed, with the comparison that performs an analysis of the data in itself and this information standard database, obtain a result by independently developed algorithm.
In native system, standard database generally can comprise agricultural and ecologic environment two parts:
With agriculture standard database is example:
The agricultural standard database is (can be according to classification such as weather, soil typess according to Chinese secondary zoning, it is more than 40 districts that the whole nation is divided into) the basis on, pass through investigation again to the crop-planting kind and the level of the productive forces etc., it is carried out further refinement, now the whole of China is divided into individual district more than 100, by the normal data of statistics collection to each regional interior each staple crops every month in growth period, each ten days in the locality.These data are divided into video data, spectroscopic data, radar data, gas content data, humiture data or the like from sensor type, divide again on this data dependency that can be divided into growing way good, general, poor, and the data of various ill plant.
The ecologic environment database:
The ecologic environment database mainly comprises the background normal data of each the soil utilization distinguished of (same on the basis that China is being divided into more than 100 district) China, soil covering, soil erosion intensity, eco-environmental quality.
Analytical approach:
By sensor acquisition after a certain data, because simultaneously through GPS space-time location, that analysis module can search out when being analyzed automatically is consistent with this data transducer type, time unanimity (in same ten days), crop varieties unanimity, and the normal data in same zoning, by these data and the various normal datas that respectively meet above-mentioned condition are compared analysis, just obtain a result.
Owing to only make to such an extent that there is certain one-sidedness in some cases in analysis result according to single information, so the user can draw the separate analysis result with the multiple information of gathering at a certain target as required and get under the prerequisite, again it is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, by can be in precision agriculture based on GIS information calculations method or computation model, aspects such as freshwater monitoring draw relatively accurate comprehensive result by the analysis-by-synthesis to multiple information.
In Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the monitoring example of having pointed out system and method for the present invention to be applied to wheat growth in the precision agriculture.
According to above-mentioned needs, in the present embodiment, this system has selected for use video sensor to be used to gather the video imagery of wheat, has selected for use spectrum sensor to be used to gather the spectral information of wheat; Radar sensor is used to measure the wheat plant height; Gas sensor is used to measure the content of relevant oxygen with photosynthesis, carbon dioxide; Temperature Humidity Sensor is used to measure field humiture data.
Above-mentioned various sensor is according to instruction Information Monitoring respectively, by the integrated signal device the information integrated back of being gathered is passed back to CPU (central processing unit) by unified bus, deposit volatile data base in through the decoding signals decoding, the information of each sensor acquisition of classification and storage is as depositing video information, spectral information, radar information, gas content information, wet temperature information respectively in.Determine monitoring thing wheat attribute according to above-mentioned information, from standard database, call the normal data of these collection point various information event again according to monitoring thing attribute.
In present embodiment, be winter wheat at the monitoring thing.In Fig. 5, the spectral analysis of northern Hebei winter wheat is as follows in the first tenday period of a month in May at these:
The spectral information of gathering is deposited in the volatile data base, in standard database, index this collection point normal data, wherein contain unsoundness: lack certain mineral matter element through the space-time location; The curve of spectrum data that each winter wheat of various diseases is arranged.Both are analyzed by spectral analysis module and the comparative analysis result is exported.
Equally, the analytical approach of other analysis modules such as video analysis, radar analysis, gas content analysis and damp-warm syndrome degree analysis module and process are as above.
Because the result who is drawn by a kind of information has certain one-sidedness sometimes, after each analysis module separate analysis is obtained a result, also can The above results be carried out binding analysis, thereby obtain more comprehensively result accurately in the analysis-by-synthesis module.
The present invention also can use in a plurality of fields according to its invention thought, as forestry, water conservancy flood control etc., as long as according to the method described above with requirement of system design in the location, collection point, acquisition of information and carry out overall treatment and all can realize beneficial effect of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of integrated field information collecting, location and disposal system is characterized in that comprising:
Locating unit, form by GPS receiving card and external global positioning system antenna, be used for determining the position of field information to be collected at same space-time, by accepting global positioning system signal in real time, and convert thereof into corresponding coordinate, thereby the information of sampled point and sample track is fallen on the correct space-time position accurately;
One collecting unit is used for multiple information is gathered, and by making up the sensor of multiple function, and it is arranged on the signal that obtains described sensor sensing on the space-time position that described positioning unit determines;
One attitude control module, the function adjustment that is used to control the motion of collecting unit and carries out described sensor is to guarantee the operate as normal of described collecting unit;
One transmission unit is used for the transmission of the control information of the Information Monitoring of described collecting unit and described attitude control module;
One CPU (central processing unit) is controlled described positioning unit, attitude control module and transmission unit by computer hardware and software platform, and the information that collects is analyzed and data processed result is exported.
2, information acquisition according to claim 1, location and disposal system is characterized in that described GPS receiving card and described attitude control module integrate.
3, information acquisition according to claim 1, location and disposal system is characterized in that described attitude control module is made up of with the unified hardware interface that is connected with multiple sensors on being installed in described The Cloud Terrace the The Cloud Terrace that can adjust attitude.
4, information acquisition according to claim 1, location and disposal system is characterized in that described collecting unit is made up of multiple assembly type sensor, and described sensor is provided with unified hardware interface.
5, information acquisition according to claim 1, location and disposal system is characterized in that described CPU (central processing unit) is made up of industrial control computer, standard interface and the software control system that is stored on the memory of described computing machine; Described standard interface comprises that one is used for the hardware interface that is connected with the global positioning system antenna of described positioning unit, one is used for the hardware interface that is connected with the The Cloud Terrace of described attitude control module, and one is used for the hardware interface that links to each other with a unified output line of described collecting unit; Described software control system comprises locating module, transmission acquisition module, monitors control module, analysis module and computer operating system module.
6, information acquisition according to claim 1, location and disposal system, it is characterized in that described transmission unit comprises customization signal integration device, decoding signals and transmission line, is used for described CPU (central processing unit) is exported in various sensor input signal unifications.
7, information acquisition according to claim 4, location and disposal system, it is characterized in that described sensor be in video sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, gas sensor, spectrum sensor, plant sensor, plant canopy analyte sensors, plant light and the action sensing device any one, perhaps be combination in any wherein.
8, the method for a kind of integrated field information collecting, location and processing is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, utilize the GPS receiving world locational system signal, and described signal is transferred to a computer control system at a sampled point;
B, as required the various information that multiple corresponding signal picker is gathered described sampled point are set, monitor that by one control module shows described information, and according to the collection attitude of the described signal picker of the corresponding adjustment of demonstration situation;
C, when Information Monitoring is satisfied the picker and is required, carry out an acquisition instructions, sampled point is positioned on the correct space-time position, and the elements of a fix and the motion track information of described sampled point be transferred to described computer control system, and described information is stored on the described computer control system with document form;
D, in described computer control system, set up a volatile data base, the described Information Monitoring of classification storage;
E, the normal data of sorted described Information Monitoring by the inherent described space-time position of class and a standard database is analyzed, again analysis-by-synthesis carried out in sorted described Information Monitoring;
F, Comprehensive analysis results is exported.
9, the method for information acquisition according to claim 8, location and processing is characterized in that: in step C, be to convert global positioning system signal to standard latitude and longitude coordinates or standard kilometer coordinate information.
10, the method for information acquisition according to claim 8, location and processing is characterized in that: also comprise the steps: in step B or C
The information of the different-format of various signal picker collections is integrated,
The unified binary format signal that adds sign is formed data stream utilizes a data line to be transferred to computer system;
The data of passing back are carried out the data layout verification;
To the data that verification meets the demands decode, data layout reduction, and signal identification everywhere discerned.
11, the method for information acquisition according to claim 10, location and processing, it is characterized in that: will to data decode and data layout reduction after the signal that obtains be presented on the display screen of computer system, and be presented in the corresponding window with specific format.
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| CN100362517C (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-01-16 | 东南大学 | Information collecting, recording and displaying method for land survey |
| TW201317848A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-01 | Rich Ip Technology Inc | Control system for integrating plural sets of sensing plane data |
| CN104252467A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-12-31 | 宁夏新航信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent statistic data information collection system |
| CN103945182B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-11-28 | 国家测绘地理信息局第三地形测量队 | A kind of wearable geographic information processing work station and information collecting method |
| CN105761150B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-04-21 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Crop information and sample acquisition method and system |
| CN107631756B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏大学 | Vehicle-mounted information system of self-propelled boom sprayer and operation quality visualization method |
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