CN1222225A

CN1222225A - Steam generator

Info

Publication number: CN1222225A
Application number: CN 97195656
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约兰·帕尔默斯
Original assignee: TSP Medical AB
Current assignee: TSP Medical AB
Priority date: 1996-06-18
Filing date: 1997-06-16
Publication date: 1999-07-07

Abstract

Steam generator of the type incorporating a heating body provided with means (19) for supply of heat to the body and with at least one internal cavity (15) provided with a connection (3) for supply of water, which shall be evaporized and with an outlet (2) for water that has been transferred to steam, whereby the connection (3) of the steam generator for supply of water is provided in the bottom of the cavity (15), and that the steam generator is equipped with a control system (4-12), which permits supply and also discharge of water via the connection (3), and which is adapted to maintain a constant feeding pressure on the water independent of the direction of water flow.

Description

Steam generator

Steam is applied in many diverse ways now.Steam is to produce in having dissimilar steam generator of different nature.

The steam generator of some kind has continuous production of steam ability, and the steam generator of other kinds has production of steam ability intermittently.Heating available electrical heating, fuel oil or other energy carries out.Because the concrete application of steam generator, and in view of life expectancy, the size of steam generator and manufactured materials thereof all may further change.

A kind of aluminium body that has internal cavities is applied on a kind of steam generator that is mainly autoclave and establishes.The aluminium body is heated, and water sprays in the cavity of body, contacts with body and evaporates.

The shortcoming of this technical scheme is that the pressure of steam is to rely on the volume of the water that sprays into to control.If it is too many to spray into the water of cavity, it is too high that pressure can become.The temperature of body can not be fallen too lowly, owing to all in this case water can not evaporate immediately, but has water to stay in the cavity, and double evaporation-cooling.In order to prevent this phenomenon, body must make very heavy.Simultaneously, this technical scheme requires steam generator nozzle to be set and to have the water under high pressure joint.

Use a water receptacle in another kind of technical scheme, this water receptacle is heated to high temperature, thereby water is used for storage power.The water receptacle of this steam generator must make and can tolerate high pressure, because the water of higher temperature can cause higher pressure.In addition, shortcoming is that the steam of carrying has high pressure and high temperature, thereby can cause the control technology problem in application site.

In the more early stage technical scheme of another kind, directly produce steam by electrode, thereby the generation of steam can be controlled by the elevation of water in the steam generator or by the electric current that adopts.

The shortcoming of this technical scheme is, energy stores just that form with steam realizes, and because the deionized water conductance is too low, thereby can not use deionized water.

SE-C-161,717 have described a kind of steam generator, it has the heating member of a band internal cavities, water infeeds in the coil pipe that is provided with the cavity from the top, and be provided with inner heater coil, and being provided with restricted water out, it is located at container bottom top short distance, also is provided with superposed superheated steam outlet.Because this structure of container, the flow-control meeting of water is very difficult, simultaneously, because this steam generator requires a large amount of heat supplies, so that add hot water, make its evaporation and then produce superheated steam.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of steam generator, it is used for providing steam to very little autoclave, thereby this steam generator should be small and light, and simultaneously, it has the ability of instantaneous efficient discharging, and the electrical connection effect is limited.In addition, because the main autoclave of steam that uses itself is very little, thereby it should always can provide correct pressure.Last point is that it should use pure water work, and wishes that it is cheap for manufacturing cost.

These character are to realize by the steam generator with the feature that limits in claims.

Now an embodiment shown in conjunction with the following drawings describes the present invention.

Fig. 1 be according to steam generator of the present invention be connected with it so that the loop diagram of the part that supplies water to steam generator.

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view that passes steam generator along B-B line among Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view that passes steam generator along A-A line among Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the sectional side elevation along C-C line among Fig. 3.

Fig. 1 schematically represents a steam generator 1, and it has a steam generating chamber 13 by box indicating, which is provided with a steam (vapor) outlet 2.Be provided with a joint 3 that supplies water by water tank 5 in the bottom of steam generating chamber 13, so that the pressure that remains unchanged also is in order to discharge water to recovery tank 6.

In pipeline 4, be provided with control valve 7, arrange a flow controller 7a with its tandem ground, in establish a check-valves 9 Returning pipe 8 be connected in pipeline 4, make its bridge joint flow controller 7a and operating valve 7.Preferably a kind of constant flow-control of the flow-control of Xing Chenging by this way.Keep the water tank 5 of constant pressure to be connected in a pressure sensor 10 and a valve control water swivel 11 again.The water tank 5 that keep-ups pressure is provided with a valving, so as control in the steam generating chamber hydraulic pressure and to the water supply of steam generating chamber.

Fig. 2-4 schematically represents steam generating chamber with different sections, and joint and heater do not draw.

Fig. 2 represents that along the profile of B-B line among Fig. 3, it passes the calandria 13 as the steam generating chamber in the steam generator 1, and Fig. 3 represents along the sectional side elevation of A-A line among Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 represents along the cross-sectional figure of C-C line among Fig. 3.

In the illustrated embodiment, calandria 13 is by preferably aluminium or another kind of extruding profile 14 with material of similar thermal conductivity constitute.In illustrated non-limiting embodiment, a steam generator that is key hole shaped substantially 15 that is positioned at central authorities vertically passes above-mentioned profile, this steam generator has a bottom 15 that is communicated with inlet attack 3, a basic narrow flute profile part 17 and a bigger top 18 of vertically arranging, steam (vapor) outlet 2 is connected with it.Passage 19 also passes above-mentioned profile, and this passage 19 is used to hold unillustrated electrical immersion heater, and heat medium is therefrom flow through.In illustrated example, heating clamber at the gable place by welding or preferably by extruding gable 20a, the b sealing, illustrated embodiment (20a, Fig. 4) in gable be provided with passage 19a corresponding to passage 19, be used for heating purposes.In relative gable 20b, also can be provided with one for exporting 2 openings of establishing.Calandria also can be made of some parts, and these parts preferably interconnect by welding.

Steam generating chamber 15 inside are provided with inserts 21, inserts by these, and the bottom of bottom 16 is along tilting towards the outlet 3 of central inlet and water.

At work, the calandria of being made by aluminium or similar material 13 at first is heated to a temperature that is higher than the evaporation of water temperature, so that storage power.

When reaching correct temperature, water is introduced steam generating chamber from the bottom of bottom 16 by joint 13 under the control of valve 7.Water rises by flute profile part 17, and wherein, water is mainly by evaporating with the groove contacts side surfaces.

When cell wall is warm, exist by so-called Lay and step on the danger that frost (Leidenfrost) effect is destroyed the heat transmission, still, this danger can be avoided by two kinds of different modes.For this purpose, cell wall can have coating, and it has capillarity and the thermal conductivity factor lower than the material of calandria 13, thereby water can not form air film at coating surface, but can import in the metal by capillarity.Because wall is provided with unillustrated inwardly towards the convex ridge of the center line of groove, these convex ridges cool off with different speed with the bottom at its bizet, thereby can obtain identical effect, therefore, always there is position with the temperature that is suitable for evaporating at above-mentioned bizet and bottom.When evaporation when on vertical surface, carrying out, reduce that air film that heat transmits is easier destroyedly to be fallen.

Because as the good thermal conductivity of materials such as aluminium of calandria 13, the energy that is stored in the calandria can become steam with water rapidly.In order to guarantee the steam generator nonoverload, thereby cool off water is flowed out by steam (vapor) outlet, will control the water surface elevation in the flute profile part 17.When the water surface rose to the highest permission height, inlet valve 7 was closed.This supervision can realize by the temperature in the zone of measuring flume.When said temperature rises to ideal value once more, thereby water has been when having fallen in the groove, and valve 7 can be opened once more.

Steam pressure keeps by following manner: by the cooperation between valve 7, flow controller 7a and the check-valves 9, and from the pressurization of balancing gate pit 5, send water with predetermined hydraulic pressure to steam generator.As long as steam consumption is higher than the ability of generator, the consumption of steam will be controlled the water surface elevation in the steam generating chamber.

When emitting of steam reduced or closed fully, because existing pressure passes through the valve 7 of joint 3, recovery tank 6, conduit 4 and Chang Kai, water was pushed back the water tank 5 that keep-ups pressure.Steam generating chamber 21 tilts towards outlet 3 because of inserting, thereby the outflow of whole water security ground, can not stay groove etc. and locate.Even when valve 7 closures, the water in steam generating chamber also can be discharged by conduit 8 and check-valves 9.The steam generator of cutting out is dry, and this situation has reduced the danger of corrosion.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment that illustrates and describe, and various modifications and variations can be included in the scope of claims.

Claims

1. the sort of steam generator of interior dress calandria (13), be provided with the device (19) and at least one internal cavities (15) that are used for to the calandria heat supply, described cavity is provided with joint (3) and outlet (2) that has been transformed into the water of steam that is used to supply water to be evaporated, it is characterized in that: the water supply joint of steam generator (3) is arranged on the bottom of cavity (15), steam generator is provided with a control system (4-12), this system is responsible for water supply and the draining by joint (3), and is suitable for irrespectively keeping with water (flow) direction the discharge pressure of water.

2. steam generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described control system is provided with to be used to control from being located at water out (3) in the calandria and is sent to the device (7,7a, 9) of discharge of the internal cavities (15) of calandria.

3. steam generator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: outlet (3) is provided with bleed valve (9), and it is used for the cavity (15) when control system (4-12) emptying calandria when closing.

4. according to the described steam generator of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that: the cavity of calandria (15) has towards outlet connection (3) inclined bottom (21).

5. steam generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cavity of calandria (15) has a part (17) that has vertical substantially plane, carries out most of heat of evaporation transmission by this part between calandria and water.

6. steam generator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the cavity of calandria (15), compare with the volume of calandria, in the part (16 that evaporation takes place, 17) has very little volume in, thereby the water that has only small size is necessary for evaporation and is heated, and makes the heated smaller volume of returning water that may return described chamber by outlet.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 described steam generators, it is characterized in that: the surface of main steam generation part (17) at least of calandria has porous coating, and the thermal conductivity of this coating is lower than the material of calandria.

8. according to each described steam generator among the claim 5-7, it is characterized in that: the wall of the cavity of calandria (15), at least in the part (17) that evaporation takes place, be provided with inwardly outstanding convex ridge, these convex ridges are different with bottom cooling degree at bizet, thereby they always have the appropriate area of an evaporation water.

9. according to the described steam generator of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that: the device of temperature of wall that is used to supervise the evaporation section (17) of cavity is arranged near the joint (3), so that determine the water surface elevation in the cavity.

10. according to the described steam generator of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that: link to each other with the outlet (3) of the cavity (15) of calandria, be provided with a recovery tank (6), its volume is suitable for storing the heated water that flows out from cavity.

11. according to the described steam generator of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that: calandria (13) is crushed to.

12. according to the described steam generator of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that: (20a 20b) constitutes the part that calandria (13) connects by being weldingly connected.