CN1221543A - Method and apparatus for directional radio communication - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for directional radio communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN1221543A CN1221543A CN 97195354 CN97195354A CN1221543A CN 1221543 A CN1221543 A CN 1221543A CN 97195354 CN97195354 CN 97195354 CN 97195354 A CN97195354 A CN 97195354A CN 1221543 A CN1221543 A CN 1221543A
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Abstract
A method of directional radio communication in mobile communicating network between a first station and a second mobile station incldes the following steps. Signals transmitted by the second station is received at the first station. A parameter representative of the distance between the second station and the first station is monitored. A signal beam is transmitted from the first station to the second station, the angular spread of the signal beam transmitted by the first station being dependent on the distance between the first and second stations.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that is used for beam wireless, wherein the signal between the first stop and second station can only transmit in some direction.Particularly, and be without any exception, the present invention can be used for adopting the cellular communications networks of space division multiple access.
Utilize the current cellular communications networks of having implemented, a kind of basic transceiver station (BTS) is provided, send and specify the signal that awards a given mobile radio station (MS), this mobile radio station can be the mobile phone that service is provided by this basic transceiver station, the part of a whole honeycomb or honeycomb.Yet space division multiple access (SDMA) system has put forward now.In a space division multi-access, the signal that basic transceiver station does not award appointment a given mobile radio station sends to whole honeycomb, and only signal is sent in from the received beam direction of the signal of mobile radio station.The SDMA system also can allow basic transceiver station to determine from the received direction of the signal of mobile radio station.
The SDMA system has many advantages to obtain for existing system.Especially, because can only in specific direction, launch, can be to be rather narrow therefore by the wave beam of BTS transmission, the power of transmitter-receiver can be concentrated in the narrow wave beam.No matter can believe that this will cause the good signal noise ratio, be from basic transceiver station transmission signal or by basic transceiver station received signal.In addition, as the direction-sense result of basic transceiver station, the improvement of the signal-to-jamming ratio of the signal that is received by basic transceiver station can be implemented.And in transmit direction, the directionality of BTS allows concentration of energy in a narrow beam, so that can reach the mobile radio station that is positioned at the distant place with the low power level that needs than common BTS by the signal that BTS sends.It is local at a distance that this will allow mobile radio station successfully to be operated in from basic transceiver station, and this just means that each honeycomb of cellular network or the size of honeycomb covering of the fan can increase.As the result of big honeycomb size, the number of needed base station also can reduce, and this will cause lower network cost.The SDMA system needs many antenna elements usually, so that can send and received signal at needed many different beam directions.Provide many antenna elements to increase BTS sensitivity to the received signal.This just means that bigger honeycomb size do not bring adverse influence to BTS from the mobile radio station received signal.
The SDMA system also can increase the capacity of system, and just, the number of the mobile radio station that can be supported simultaneously by system is increased.This is because the directional nature of communication this means that BTS will pick out the interference of the mobile radio station in other honeycomb that adopts same frequency.When MS given in BTS and the relevant honeycomb communicates by letter, will produce less interference to other mobile radio station that in other honeycomb, adopts same frequency.
At last, can believe, the SDMA system will allow identical frequency be used to simultaneously send two or even more different mobile radio station, these mobile radio stations are arranged on the diverse location in the same cellular.This can cause the obvious increase of the transmissible traffic of cellular network.
The SDMA system can implement in simulation and digital cellular network, can incorporate various existing standard into, for example GSM, DCS1800, TACS, AMPS and NMT.The SDMA system also can use with other existing multiple access technology, for example time division multiple access (TDMA) code division multiple access (CDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technology.
A problem utilizing the SDMA system is that the direction that signal sends to mobile radio station need be determined.In certain environment, a kind of wave beam that is rather narrow will be used to send signal from basic transceiver station to a mobile radio station.Therefore, the direction of mobile radio station need suitably accurately be determined.Utilize a problem of SDMA system to be, though only be received from the signal that is positioned at the mobile radio station beyond the BTS certain distance is general, look it is to come from many beam directions from suitable signal near the mobile radio station of basic transceiver station from one or beam direction that only minority is different.This be since from the signal of mobile radio station by from, for example, close building reflection, these quite a large amount of reflected signals will be received from a large amount of different beam directions by basic transceiver station.
The another one problem is, the direction that sends to the signal of mobile radio station by BTS is to serve as that the basis is determined with the upward signal that BTS receives from mobile radio station.Yet the frequency that sends to the downstream signal of BTS from mobile radio station is different with the used frequency of the signal that is sent to mobile radio station by BTS.The difference of used frequency means that the performance of passage in up direction can be different with the performance of passage in down direction in up and downstream signal.Therefore, the optimum orientation of determining for upward signal is not the optimum orientation for downstream signal all the time.
Therefore, the purpose of certain embodiments of the present invention is to solve the difficulty that is caused by these problems.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of in mobile communications network, the beam wireless method between the first stop and second station, described method may further comprise the steps:
Receive the signal that sends by described second station at described first stop;
The parameter of the distance of monitoring representative between second station and first stop; With
Send signal beam to described second station from described first stop, wherein the angular spread of the signal beam that is sent by first stop depends on the distance by described parameter representative.
Change the angular spread of the signal beam that sends by first stop according to distance parameter between first and second station and since second station near or the difference of the performance that causes away from first stop can be compensated.
Distance parameter can be monitored at first stop.Best way is, distance parameter determine to be based on the signal that receives by first stop from second station.In one embodiment, distance parameter is the angular spread from the signal at second station that is received by first stop.When first stop is quite far away from second station, the signal that is received by first stop will have quite little angular spread, and if second station quite near first stop, signal will be received with sizable angular spread.Should be appreciated that this technology does not provide the absolute indication of a distance, but still sufficient information is provided, make the angular spread of the signal beam that will send by first stop to be determined.
In a kind of alternative embodiment, the determining of distance parameter is based on signal and arrives the required time span of first stop from second station, and described distance parameter can be a timing advance information, is commonly used to control the data communication between mobile radio station and the first stop.For example, if the embodiment of the present invention that are used in company with cellular communications networks adopt time-division multiple address system, be assigned with a time slot of predesignating from the signal at second station.The signal that timing advance information guarantees to be sent by second station is in the time slot that it is assigned with.This can not be a kind of absolute range measurement, but will be illustrated in the approximate distance between first and second station.
Should be appreciated that in certain embodiments, distance parameter can be determined independently that this information can be used for determining the angular spread of signal by first stop.
Best way is, the angular spread of radiation beam can from first than broad beam and second than choosing the narrow beam, if the distance between the first stop and second station is less than predetermined distance, then choose first broad beam, if the distance between the first stop and second station is greater than predetermined distance, then second wave beam is selected.Predetermined distance can be provided with according to the environment between first and second station.In one embodiment, can have only two possible angular spread values to be used.The way that substitutes is that angular spread depends on that distance parameter can have the scope of a different value.In this case, can there be many different angular spread values can be selected.Optionally the angular spread value can be centrifugal pump or any desired value can be arranged, for example, can in N possible different directions, send a signal beam as first stop, when the first stop and second station separate greater than predesignate apart from the time, angular spread can maybe may be two corresponding to a direction, yet, when the distance between the first stop and second station less than predesignate apart from the time, angular spread can be corresponding to a half-sum of direction sum at least even whole directions.Used in both cases wave beam can be determined by a kind of algorithm.
Best way is, the power of the signal beam that is sent by first stop depends on distance parameter, if second station is near first stop, the power of the signal beam that is sent by first stop can be quite low, if second station is quite far away from first stop, then the power of the signal beam that is sent by first stop can be quite high.Transmitted power that would rather first broad beam is less than the transmitted power of second narrow beam.In certain embodiments of the invention, the power of wave beam can have only two values, low relatively value and higher value.Another kind of way is that the power of signal beam depends on distance parameter, can change in the scope of different value.The power of the signal beam that is sent by first stop can be calculated, and makes it proportional with the angular spread that sends wave beam.If wave beam is narrow relatively, power can be high relatively so.And if wave beam is wide relatively, then power can be low relatively.The power control of some closed loop or open loop can be used to power controlling.What adopt in GSM is closed-loop control.
If second station is quite far away from first stop, for example, be positioned at greater than the distance of predesignating, the method that many beam directions are controlled in many different can be used to is used.For example, first stop can transmit a signal to second station in other secondary beam direction of a main beam direction and at least one.Can be proportional with the ratio of the described signal strength signal intensity that in main beam direction, receives by first stop at the ratio of the power of at least one secondary beam and primary waves beam power with the signal strength signal intensity that at least one auxiliary direction, receives by first stop.Another kind of way is, receive signal by first stop from two different directions from second station, the beam direction that first direction at first receives corresponding to signal, the beam direction that second direction receives corresponding to the signal with maximum signal, then, first stop both can also can send signal described first in second beam direction.
In another kind of modification, first stop is arranged to first and second signal that detection is sent by second station, secondary signal is to send later at first signal, the direction of each is determined in first and second signals that receive, first stop sends a signal to second station, yet, when determine from first and second signal at second station by first stop when two different beams directions receive, send signals to second station by first stop in two described different beams directions.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, provide first stop in a mobile communications network, to carry out beam wireless with second mobile radio station, described first stop comprises:
Receiver apparatus is used to receive the signal that is sent by described second station;
Transmitter installation is used for sending signal beam to second station from first stop; With
Control device, be used for optionally definite angular spread that sends the signal beam of signal, described control device is arranged to control described transmitter installation, make the signal beam that sends by first stop angular spread and represent the relating to parameters of the distance between first and second station.
Preferably, first stop comprises definite device of determining distance parameter, and distance parameter can be by definite device according to being determined from the signal that second station receives by first stop.Determine that device can determine the angular spread of the signal that received from second station by first stop and determine distance parameter with this.Another kind of way is to determine that device can arrive the length of required time of first stop according to signal and determine distance parameter from second station.
In another embodiment, first stop is the receiving range parameter information independently.
If the distance between first and second station is less than the distance of predesignating, the angular spread that control device can be controlled the wave beam that is launched is the first relative broad beam, if the distance between first and second station is greater than the distance of predesignating, the angular spread of the wave beam that is launched is the second relative narrow beam.Preferred way is, the transmitting power of the first relative broad beam is less than the second, the transmitting power of narrow beam.Therefore, control device can control transmitter device, when first stop quite when second station, launch widely relatively, the wave beam of low relatively power if second station is quite far away from first stop, is launched higher relatively power, narrow wave beam.
At least one receiver apparatus and transmitter-receiver device are provided a kind of beam array.Receiver apparatus and transmitter installation can be provided a kind of single antenna array.This antenna array can be that a kind of phased array maybe can comprise many directional antenna parts that separate.
Should understand that embodiment of the present invention can be used for cellular communications networks, first stop can comprise a basic transceiver station and second station can be a mobile radio station.Yet, will be understood that embodiment of the present invention may be used on other directive radio system, wherein first and second station can all be move or can all fix.
Should be appreciated that also angular spread is defined as the angular spread of wave beam.In embodiments of the invention, needed angular spread can provide many wave beams to reach.For example, a narrow angular spread can only be reached by one or two independent wave beam, and wide angular spread can be realized by the wave beam of four or more vicinities.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, be provided in the cellular mobile communication networks, a kind of method of beam wireless between base station and the mobile radio station, described method comprises:
Receive the signal that sends by described mobile radio station in described base station;
The parameter of the distance that the described signal of monitoring representative is propagated between mobile radio station and base station; With
According to distance by the representative of described parameter, optionally determine the angular spread of radiation beam from described base station transmit signals to described mobile radio station, the angular spread that wherein sends the wave beam of described signal reduces with the increase of distance.
In order to understand the present invention better and how to realize, now by giving an example, wherein with reference to following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates the general picture of a basic transceiver station (BTS) the honeycomb covering of the fan relevant with it;
Fig. 2 shows the sketch of an antenna array and basic transceiver station;
Fig. 3 shows the fixing wave beam pattern that the antenna array by Fig. 2 provides;
Fig. 4 shows the general picture of the digital signal processor of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows the channel impulse response of four passages that take out in eight passages;
Fig. 6 a show when the distance between mobile radio station and the basic transceiver station greater than given apart from the time, see at basic transceiver station the signal that sends by mobile radio station right angle; With
Fig. 6 b show when the distance between mobile radio station and the basic transceiver station less than given apart from the time, see at basic transceiver station the signal that sends by mobile radio station right angle.
At first, wherein show three honeycomb covering of the fans 2 determining a honeycomb 3 in the honeycomb mobile telephone network with reference to figure 1.Three honeycomb covering of the fans 2 provide service by basic transceiver station (BTS) 4 separately.Three basic transceiver stations 4 that separate are provided on same position.Each BTS4 has a transmitter-receiver that separates, and sends to and receives from separately one in three honeycomb covering of the fans 2, therefore, provides the basic transceiver station of a special use for each honeycomb covering of the fan 2.Therefore, BTS4 can with mobile radio station (MS), for example be arranged in the mobile phone communications of honeycomb covering of the fan 2 separately.
The present invention is described in the scope of GSM (global system for mobile communications) network, in gsm system, adopt frequency/time division multiple access F/TDMA system, data form with impulse train between BTS4 and MS sends, the data pulse group comprises a training sequence, and it is a known data sequence.The purpose of training sequence will be described below this paper.Each data pulse group sends in the time slot of predesignating in this frequency range a given frequency range.Adopt beam array to make space division multiple access also can realize.Therefore, in embodiments of the invention, each data pulse group will be a given frequency range, send in given time slot and the given direction, a relevant passage can be by one in given frequency, the given data pulse group regulation that sends in given time slot and the given direction.As following will be described in a more detailed discussion, in certain embodiments of the invention, same data pulse group is in same frequency range, same time slot, but send in two different directions.
Fig. 2 shows a general picture as the antenna array 6 of the BTS4 of transmitter-receiver, should be appreciated that, 6 of battle arrays are a service in three honeycomb covering of the fans 2 that are shown among Fig. 1 shown in figure 2.Two other antenna array 6 is provided to be 2 services of other two honeycomb covering of the fans.Antenna array 6 has eight antenna element a
1A
8, parts a
1A
8Be arranged at each antenna element a
1A
8Between the gap of a half-wavelength is arranged, be arranged to level one long row in line.Each antenna element a
1A
8Be arranged and can send and received signal, any suitable structure can be arranged, usually, each antenna element a
1A
8To be a directional antenna, for example, each antenna element can be a dipole antenna or Patch antenna or any other suitable antenna, eight antenna element a
1A
8Determined a phased array 6 together.
Just as known, each antenna element a of phased array antenna 6
1A
8By the identical signal feed that will send to mobile radio station MS.Yet, give each antenna element a
1A
8The phase place of the signal of feed is removed mutually, and feed arrives antenna element a separately
1A
8Signal between difference in the phase relation caused the pattern of directed radiation.Therefore, can be only send in some direction in the honeycomb covering of the fan 2 relevant from the signal of BTS4 with battle array 6.The pattern of the directed radiation of being realized by battle array 6 is by mutual phase shift and by each antenna element a
1A
8The result of the long mutually and destructive interference that causes between the signal that sends: in this respect, with reference to figure 3, wherein show the pattern of the directed radiation of realizing with antenna array 6, but antenna array 6 Be Controlled are used to provide in eight directions shown in Figure 3 wave beam b in any one
1B
8, for example, but antenna array 6 Be Controlled are used for only in the direction of wave beam b5 or only at wave beam b
6Direction in transmit a signal to MS.As will also can control antenna battle array 6 in direction, sending signal simultaneously the more detailed discussion of following do more than a wave beam.For example, signal can be by wave beam b
5With wave beam b
6Send the sketch of eight possible beam directions that Fig. 3 just can realize with antenna array 6 in the both direction of regulation.Yet, in fact, overlapping is arranged between adjacent beams, provide service to guarantee whole honeycomb covering of the fan 2 by antenna array 6.
At each antenna element a
1A
8On the relative phase of the signal that provides by 8 controls of Butler matrix circuit, signal can be sent in desirable beam direction or desirable direction, so Butler matrix circuit 8 provides phase shift function.Butler matrix circuit 8 has eight input 10a-h and eight outputs from BTS4, and each outputs to each antenna element a
1A
8The signal that is received by separately input 10a-h comprises the data pulse group that will send.Each beam direction of representing given data pulse group to send among eight input 10a-h, for example, when butler matrix circuit 8 received a signal on the first input 10a, the signal that Bulter matrix circuit 8 will provide on input 10a was added to antenna element a to produce the needed phase difference of wave beam b1
1A
8In on each, make the data pulse group energy enough at wave beam b
1Direction in send.Equally, the signal that provides on input 10b enables at wave beam b
2Direction in produce a wave beam, and the like.
As discussing, the antenna element a of antenna array b
1A
8From the MS received signal and transmit a signal to MS, usually will be by the signal that MS sends by eight antenna element a
1A
8In each reception, yet, by each antenna element a
1A
8Between each signal that receives phase difference will be arranged, Butler matrix circuit 8 can be from by each antenna element a
1A
8The relative phase of the signal that receives is determined the received beam direction of signal, and therefore, Butler matrix circuit 8 has eight inputs, each antenna element a
1A
8Be used for the signal that receives by each antenna element.Butler matrix circuit 8 also has eight output 14a-h, and each output 14a to 14h can received specific beam direction corresponding to a given data pulse group.For example, as antenna array 6 from wave beam b
1Direction receives the signal from MS, and Butler matrix circuit 8 will be exported the signal that receives on output 14a so.From wave beam b
2The signal that receives of direction will make the signal that receives on output 14b from 8 outputs of Butler matrix circuit, the rest may be inferred.Put it briefly, Butler matrix circuit 8 will be at antenna element a
1A
8Eight kinds of modification of the same signal of the mutual phase shift of last reception, from relative phase shift, the direction that the signal that Butler matrix circuit 8 is determined to receive receives, and depend on that the received direction output signal of signal is to given output 14a-h.
Should be appreciated that, under some environment, may look from more than a beam direction that this is because reflection and this reflection of signal when propagating has due to the quite wide angular spread between MS and BTS4 from the individual signals of MS or data pulse group.Butler matrix circuit 8 will be exported at each a signal will be provided on the 14a-h, look each beam direction that arrives corresponding to given signal or data pulse group, therefore, same data pulse group can be provided exporting on the 14a-h more than of Butler matrix circuit 8, but the signal on each output 14a-h can be free mutually time-delay.
Each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 is connected to the input of the amplifier 16 of the signal that each amplification receives, for each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 provides an amplifier 16.Then, signal after the amplification is handled by processor 18 separately, handle the signal after amplifying therein, the frequency of the signal that receives is reduced to base band frequency, so that can handle this signal by BTS4, in order to realize this point, processor 18 is removed the carrier frequency composition from input signal, and, for each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 provides a processor 18.The signal of the analog form that receives is transformed into digital signal from analog to numeral (A/D) converter 20 then.Eight A/D converters 20 are provided, one of each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8.Then, the input 19a-h of digital signal by separately is input to digital signal processor 21 and further processes.
Digital signal processor 21 also has eight output 22a-h, digital signal of each output output, representative will send to the signal of a given MS, the beam direction that selected output 22a-h representation signal will send, digital signal by a numeral to the simulation (D/A) converter 23 be transformed into analog signal, for digital signal processor 21 each output 22a-h provide a numeral to analogue converter 23.Then, analog signal is handled by processor 24, this processor is a modulator, the analog signal that will send is modulated on the carrier frequency, before signal is handled by processor 24, signal is on base band frequency, and composite signal is exaggerated device 26 amplifications then, delivers to each input 10a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8.For digital signal processor 21 each output 22a-h a processor 24 and an amplifier 26 are provided.
With reference now to Fig. 4,, shows digital signal processor 21 on the figure briefly.Should be appreciated that the various square frames that illustrate among Fig. 4 might not be corresponding to each parts of the digital signal processor 21 that embodies a reality of the present invention.Particularly, at each square frame shown in Fig. 4 corresponding to the various functions that realize by digital signal processor 21.In one embodiment of the present invention, digital signal processor 21 realizes with integrated circuit that at least in part several functions can be realized by identical parts.
Import impulse response (CIR) the evaluator square frame 30 that each signal that receives on the 19a-h is imported into each passage by digital signal processor 21 at each.CIR evaluator square frame 30 comprises memory, and evaluated channel impulse response is stored in wherein, and CIR evaluator square frame also comprises the required memory capacity of signal that interim storage receives.Channel impulse response square frame 30 is arranged to assess the channel impulse response that each imports the passage of 19a-h.Such just as already discussed, a relevant passage can be defined as in selected frequency range, send to the given data impulse train in institute's distributed time slot and the beam direction that is received for the individual data pulse-burst signals, the received beam direction of signal is found out by Butler matrix circuit 8, makes the signal that receives on the input 19a of digital signal processor represent substantially from wave beam b
1The signal that received of direction, and the like.Should be appreciated that the signal that receives also can comprise, for example, is being close to the secondary lobe of importing the signal that receives in a given input.
Each the data pulse group who sends to BTS4 from mobile radio station MS comprises a training sequence TS.Yet, the training sequence TS that receives by BTS4
RXBecause noise, causes training producing between the juxtaposition of sequence and disturbs because multipath effect and being distorted with also.A kind of interference in back is called intersymbol interference.TS
RXAlso be subjected to influence, for example, be arranged in other honeycomb of the same frequency of employing or the mobile radio station of honeycomb covering of the fan and can cause interchannel interference from the interference of other mobile radio station.Will be understood that, from one of MS given signal can along arrive BTS more than a paths and have more than the modification of a given signal with can detect the training sequence TS that receives from input 19a by antenna array 6 from a given direction
RXTrained sequence TS by the reference that CIR assessment square frame 30 usefulness are stored in the data memory 32
REFMake cross-correlation, with reference to training sequence TS
REFWith the training sequence that is at first sent by mobile radio station is identical.In fact, the training sequence TS that receives
RXBe the signal of on carrier frequency, modulating, and with reference to training sequence TS
REFOn carrier frequency, modulate, and with reference to training sequence TS
REFBe stored in the data memory 32 as a bit sequence.Therefore, before cross-correlation is performed, do similarly modulation to reference the training sequence of storage, in other words, the training sequence of the distortion that is received by BTS4 is relevant with the prototype of the training sequence that does not distort.In another embodiment of the invention, the training sequence that receives first demodulation before it is relevant with reference training sequence.In this case, have identical form with the training sequence that receives once more, in other words, do not modulate with reference to the training sequence with reference to the training sequence.
With reference to training sequence TS
REFWith the training sequence TS that receives
RXEach is that L is long, corresponding to data L position, for example can be 26.The training sequence TS that receives
RXBe that exact position in the distributed time slot can be uncertain, this is because the distance from BTS4 to mobile radio station MS will influence the position of data pulse group distributed time slot by the MS transmission.For example, quite far away from BTS4 as a mobile radio station MS, it is near on the position after comparing under the situation of BTS4 in distributed time slot that the training sequence can appear at mobile radio station MS.
Consider the training sequence TS that receives
RXThe uncertainty of the position in distributed time slot, the training sequence TS that receives
RXWith reference training sequence TS
REFRelevant under the typical situation, n can be 7 or 9 several times, and preferred way is that n is an odd number, is at the available relevant either side of maximum under the typical situation of n correlations.Yet, the training sequence TS that receives
RXWith respect to reference training sequence RS
REFThe position move to a position between each in succession relevant.Each position is equivalent in the training sequence one and represent a delay number, the training sequence TS that at every turn receives
RXWith reference training sequence TS
REFrelevantly produced a branch, representative with to this relevant channel impulse response, that separates several times has relevantly produced a branched sequence that n value arranged.
Referring now to Fig. 5,, shows channel impulse response on the figure corresponding to four passages in eight of eight the space directions possible passages.In other words, Fig. 5 shows the channel impulse response corresponding to four passages of a given data pulse group who receives from four beam directions of mobile radio station eight beam directions, this data pulse group is in a given frequency range and given time slot, X-axis on each figure is a time delays amount and Y-axis is the relative power amount, every line (or branch) representative that on figure, marks that receive with the corresponding multipath signal of given relevant time-delay.Each figure will have n bar line or branch, and a branch is corresponding to each relevant.
From the channel pulse of assessment, can determine to train the position of sequence in distributed time slot, as the training sequence TS that is receiving
RXWith reference training sequence TS
REFBetween when reaching best relevant, will obtain maximum branch value.
CIR evaluator square frame 30 is also determined five (or any other suitable number) coherent branches that provide ceiling capacity for each passage, is calculated as follows for the ceiling capacity of routing for one:
Wherein the h representative is from reference training sequence TS
REFWith the training sequence TS that receives
RXBranch's amplitude of obtaining of cross-correlation.It is that a given passage calculates ceiling capacity that CIR evaluator square frame 30 adopts the sliding window technology.In other words, CIR evaluator square frame 30 has been considered five adjacent values of every group, calculating energy from these five values, and five adjacent values that provide ceiling capacity are selected as the representative of the impulse response of this passage.This energy can be considered the measuring from the relative intensity of the desired signal of a given mobile radio station that is received from a given direction by BTS4.This method is for each is all carried out in eight passages, and the data pulse group of these eight passage TYPs can received eight different directions.The signal that is received with ceiling capacity is to provide the path of this signal minimal attenuation to propagate along one.
An analysis block 34 being provided, being used to store CIR evaluator square frame 30 for the ceiling capacity that each passage calculates, is to calculate from selected five the adjacent values of representative as channel impulse response by CIR evaluator square frame.
Analysis result by each execution in the analysis block 34 is imported into a processor square frame 36, determine whether that the distance between mobile radio station MS and basic transceiver station 4 is to be greater than or less than the critical value of predesignating, should be appreciated that, this critical value depends on the characteristic of specific honeycomb, honeycomb changes one by one, in typical case, critical value is about 0.5 to 1Km.Below two kinds of methods can be used for determining mobile radio station and the distance between the transceiver station substantially by processor square frame 36.At first, can use timing advance information.
Another method of determining the distance between mobile radio station and the BTS4 be according to the signal that receives at BTS right angle decide.From being the channel impulse response of each calculating eight passages, can estimate the signal that receives at BTS right angle.If mobile radio station is positioned at beyond the critical distance of BTS4, so the signal that receives at BTS right angle will be relatively narrow, as shown in Fig. 6 a, if BTS right angle relatively narrow, signal from MS will only can receive in the direction of limited quantity strongly so, for example one, two or possible three, on the contrary, if between BTS4 and MS apart from the subcritical distance, BTS right angle will be relatively wide, as shown in Fig. 6 b, the signal that receives from MS will receive at many passages, for example four or more and will receive signal on each passage in four or the more passage with similar intensity.
Processor square frame 36 is by checking the energy of each passage, finds the number of the passage that signal receives, if the signal on given passage is faint, the signal that receives on this passage can be omitted so.The number of the passage that is received from signal, can determine whether by the signal that receives right angle have wide or narrow angular spread and can determine whether that thus the distance between MS and the BTS is to be greater than or less than critical value.
If the distance between mobile radio station and the BTS4 greater than critical value Rc, has only one or two beam direction will be used to transmit a signal to mobile radio station so.On the contrary, if, will sending to the signal of MS so less than critical value Rc, the distance between mobile radio station and BTS4 will on more wave beam, send.
In a kind of modification of the present invention, when the distance between BTS4 and the MS is confirmed as greater than critical distance, processor square frame 36 relatively is the definite ceiling capacity of each passage so, the also time-delay of relatively determining for each passage, processor square frame 36 is found for a given time slot, and a given data pulse group in the given frequency range has the passage of ceiling capacity.This beam direction that just means that a given data pulse group's peak signal is received can be found, and processor square frame 36 is also found the passage with minimum time-delay, in other words, can find the data pulse group signal of propagating along shortest path.Then processor square frame 36 inspection to look at whether to have the passage of ceiling capacity be exactly the passage with minimum time-delay.If these passages are identical, signal of processor square frame 36 outputs is to producing square frame 38, and indicating next signal to the mobile radio station of being talked about should send in the independent beam direction that the signal with maximum intensity and shortest path is received.
Yet, if have the passage of ceiling capacity is not the passage that signal at first arrives BTS4, signal of processor square frame 36 output is to producing square frame 38, indicates the next one and will send to the signal that the data pulse group received mobile radio station MS and should send in two beam directions.The beam direction that direction will be received corresponding to the strongest signal, the beam direction that another direction will at first be received corresponding to the data pulse group.For example, be input to digital signal processor 21 on input 19b if comparison block 36 is found peak signal, the signal that at first arrives BTS4 is input to digital signal processor 21 by input 19d, and the signal from BTS to the mobile radio station will be at wave beam b
2And b
4Direction in send.In these cases, the signal that send is exported on the output 22b of digital signal processor 21 and 22d by producing square frame 38.
In another kind of modification of the present invention, when the distance between BTS4 and the MS was confirmed as greater than critical distance, the channel impulse response that processor square frame 36 is relatively determined for each passage was also selected a main beam direction.Main beam direction can be that to have direction that the signal of ceiling capacity is received or another one can be to have the direction that the signal of minimum time-delay is received.Processor square frame 36 is selected two auxiliary beam directions then, and these secondary beam directions are to be close to main direction.In other words, if wave beam b
3Be main wave beam, wave beam b so
2And b
4It will be secondary beam, processor square frame 36 is also selected the power level of main wave beam, the power of main wave beam can be selected or determine also to adopt any other suitable method according to the intensity of the signal that receives this main beam direction from mobile radio station, and the power of each secondary beam is according to being provided with for the power of main beam selection.For example, the ratio of the power in the power in main beam direction and the secondary beam direction and the signal level that receives from mobile radio station in main beam direction are proportional with the ratio of the signal level that receives from mobile radio station the secondary beam direction.Usually, the power of secondary beam will be less than the power of main wave beam.
In another modification of the present invention, when the distance between BTS4 and the MS is confirmed as greater than critical distance, comparison block is selected a direction that is considered to receive from the signal of mobile radio station so, that direction can be to have the direction that the signal of ceiling capacity is received, perhaps can be to have the direction that minimum signal of delaying time is received, processor square frame 36 stores these beam directions and the next one is carried out identical step from the data pulse group that mobile radio station receives, the direction of two signals that receive from mobile radio station in succession is compared, if both direction is identical, signal will send to mobile radio station from BTS in this beam direction of determining so, if, on the contrary, data pulse group in succession from mobile radio station is considered to from different directions, and sending to the next signal of MS by BTS4 so will be in these two beam direction.
The intensity that sends to the signal of MS by BTS4 depends on the distance between BTS and the MS, and when the distance between MS and the BTS was confirmed as less than critical distance, the signal that sends to MS in the beam direction of larger amt had the first low relatively power level.Yet, when determining that distance between MS and the BTS4 is greater than critical distance, the power of the signal that sends in or two beam directions has second, higher power level, replace just having the situation of two different capacity levels, the power of the signal that is sent by BTS can have the scope that depends on a probable value of distance between MS and the BTS.According to the distance of determining between MS and the BTS, processor square frame 36 is determined based on the appropriate signals level of the distance of MS between BTS and will arrive with the information level output signal information on selected beam direction to produce square frame 38.For example, when distance during greater than critical distance, a closed-loop system can be used to determine power level that a kind of like this closed-loop system is employed in the gsm system.
Produce square frame 38 and be responsible for producing the signal of exporting from digital signal processor 21.Producing square frame 38 has a representative will send to the voice of mobile radio station MS and/or the input 40 of information, produces square frame 38 and is responsible for the voice or the information that will send to mobile radio station MS are encoded, and comprises a training sequence and a synchronizing sequence in signal.Produce square frame 38 and also be responsible for producing modulation signal,, produce square frame 38 and on each output 22a-h of digital signal processor 21, provide signal according to signal that is produced and determined beam direction.Produce square frame 38 output 50 also is provided, be used for controlling the multiplication factor that provides by amplifier 24, have the desired power level of selecting by processor square frame 36 to guarantee the signal in desired beam direction or direction.
The output of channel impulse response square frame 30 also is used for balanced and mates the signal that receives from mobile radio station MS, particularly, the influence of the intersymbol interference that is caused by multipath transmisstion can be eliminated from the signal that receives or weakened by matched filter (MF) and equalizer square frame 42, should be appreciated that matched filter (MF) and equalizer square frame have the input (not shown) of the signal that a reception receives from MS.The output of each square frame 42 receives by restoring square frame 44, restores square frame and is responsible for voice and/or the information recovery that will be sent by MS, comprises demodulation and decoding to signal by restoring step that square frame carries out, and voice that restored or information are exported in output 48.
In a kind of modification, wide angular spread can be modulated by the field and be reached.
In a kind of modification to described embodiment, if the distance between mobile radio station and the BTS is greater than critical distance, use the control of normal wave beam and power, for example as in gsm system, yet, if the distance between mobile radio station and the BTS is less than critical distance, then selected wave beam is fixed, and also adopts a kind of fixing power level.
Implemented in the GSM cellular communications networks though should be understood that embodiment described above, the present invention may be used for other digital cellular communications communication network and analogue cellular network.Embodiment described above adopts a kind of phase array that eight parts are arranged, certainly, this battle array can have the parts of any number, another kind of way is, phase array can be replaced by some discrete directional antennas, each antenna is wave beam of radiation in a given direction, the Butler matrix circuit can be replaced by any other suitable phase-shift circuit, if such circuit is required, the Butler matrix circuit is a kind of Beam-former of simulation, the analog beam that certainly adopts a kind of digital beam to form device DBF or any other adequate types forms device, but this battle array Be Controlled is used for producing more than eight wave beams, although eight parts only are provided, this depends on that feed gives the signal of these parts.
Many phase arrays of being provided also are provided for this.Phase array can provide the wave beam of various numbers.When the wide angular spread of needs, adopt the battle array that less number parts are arranged, when the relatively narrow angular spread of needs, employing has the battle array of more number parts.
Will be appreciated that in fact above embodiment, will export many different passages simultaneously as providing eight outputs to be described from the Butler matrix circuit in each output of Butler matrix, these passages can be on different frequency ranges.In each output, also will be provided for the passage of different time-gap, though independent amplifier, processor, analog digital converter and digital to analog converter are illustrated, and in fact, each can be provided by a separate part of many input and output.
Should be appreciated that embodiment of the present invention have more than application in cellular communications networks, for example, embodiment of the present invention can be applicable in any environment that needs beam wireless.For example, it is medium that this technology can be applicable to PMR (private mobile radio).
Claims (14)
1. the method for the beam wireless in the mobile communications network between a first stop and one second mobile radio station, described method may further comprise the steps:
Receive the signal that sends by described second station at described first stop;
The parameter of distance between second station and the first stop is represented in monitoring; With
Send signal beam to described second station from described first stop, wherein the angular spread of the signal beam that is sent by first stop depends on the distance between first and second station.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that parameter is monitored at first stop.
3. according to the method for claim 2, parameter wherein is the angular spread from the signal at second station that is received by first stop.
4. according to the method for claim 2, parameter wherein is to determine from the length of second station arrival first stop required time according to signal.
5. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein said parameter is a timing advance information, is generally used for controlling the data communication between mobile radio station and the first stop.
6. according to any method in the former claim, wherein the angular spread of radiation beam can be selected from the relatively narrow wave beam of the first relatively wide wave beam and second, as the distance between the first stop and second station less than the distance of predesignating, then choose first broad beam, greater than the distance of predesignating, then choose second wave beam as the distance between the first stop and second station.
7. according to any method in the former claim, wherein the power of the signal beam that is sent by first stop depends on distance parameter.
8. according to the method for claim 6 and 7, wherein the through-put power of first broad beam is less than the through-put power of second narrow beam.
9. according to any method of former claim, described first stop comprises a basic transceiver station of cellular communications networks, and second station is a mobile radio station.
One kind in cellular mobile communication networks base station and mobile radio station between the method for beam wireless, described method comprises:
Receive the signal that sends by described mobile radio station in described base station;
The parameter of the distance that the described signal of monitoring representative is propagated between mobile radio station and base station; With
According to distance by the representative of described parameter, select the angular spread of the radiation beam of decision from described base station transmit signals to described mobile radio station, the angular spread that wherein sends the wave beam of described signal increases along with distance and reduces.
11. a first stop that is used for carrying out at mobile communications network and one second mobile radio station directional radio communication, described first stop comprises:
Receiver apparatus is used to receive the signal that is sent by described second station;
Transmitter installation is used for sending signal beam to second station from first stop; With
Control device, be used to select to be identified for send the angular spread of a signal beam of signal, described control device is arranged to control described transmitter installation, makes the angular spread of the signal beam that sent by first stop depend on a parameter of representing distance between first and second station.
12. first stop according to claim 11, wherein said control device is arranged to control the angular spread of the wave beam that is sent out, if the distance between first and second station is greater than the distance of predesignating, it then is the first wide relatively wave beam, if the distance between first and second station less than the distance of predesignating, then is the second narrow relatively wave beam.
13. according to the first stop of claim 12, wherein the through-put power of the first wide relatively wave beam is the through-put power less than second narrow beam.
14. according to each first stop in the claim 11 to 13, wherein transmitter installation and receiver apparatus are provided by an antenna array, this gust is arranged to be provided for many beam directions of emitted radiation wave beam, and wherein at least one described beam direction can selectedly be used for a given signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97195354 CN1221543A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97195354 CN1221543A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1221543A true CN1221543A (en) | 1999-06-30 |
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ID=5179175
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97195354 Pending CN1221543A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884174A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2010-11-10 | 北方电讯网络有限公司 | Forming spatial beams within a cell segment |
| CN109478920A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, terminal device and the network equipment of scanning beam |
-
1997
- 1997-02-13 CN CN 97195354 patent/CN1221543A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884174A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2010-11-10 | 北方电讯网络有限公司 | Forming spatial beams within a cell segment |
| CN109478920A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, terminal device and the network equipment of scanning beam |
| CN109478920B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2021-02-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for scanning beam, terminal equipment and network equipment |
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