CN1220552A - Line separation stereo television scheme and its correlation technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a line separation stereo TV scheme and its related tecniques, belonging to a stereo technique scheme in the TV technolog. It is characterized by utilizing the characteristics of alternater-line scanning of existent TV, adopting line cross coding technique and using line-by-line scanning mode to cross the interlaced left and right two fields in the stereo display, and simultaneusly displaying left and right two field images in one field, then utilizing line separation techniqe to separate left image from right image, and using a pair of deviation detecting glasses so as to can watch the stereo TV image. The single-field scanning is identical to the existent TV, it can adopt some circuit measures or digital information processing techniques so as to make it be compatible with general TV. Said compatible method is called image informatio compatible method, i. e., stereo TV displays double frame image, and general TV displays single frame image.

Description

Line separation stereo television scheme and correlation technique thereof

The invention belongs in the TV tech a kind of stereo TV scheme and correlation technique thereof.

Stereo TV scheme, known does not descend tens of kinds, but mostly under test.Be a kind of technology of developing in the TV tech, following several typical scenario is arranged.Field separation scheme (the three-dimensional scheme of Toshiba); Pixel separation scheme (the three-dimensional scheme of Sanyo); And following holographic scheme.World many countries stresses separation scheme on the scene (Toshiba's scheme) at present.But the stroboscopic of this scheme is apparent in view.For overcoming stroboscopic, only has the raising field frequency, such as the sharp high speed field stereotelevision that sprinkles the company that gulps down of the U.S..What Sanyo's scheme adopted is the pixel partition method, the row separation of images and be pixel elements one by one, row pixel cross arrangement then, in one-row pixels, just include two kinds of image informations like this, left and right sides image is shown with the form of row, utilize vertical little shape rib lens again left and right sides separation of images.But although need not be with Special spectacles to arrive three-dimensional television image with regard to direct viewing, because the angle of lens is determined, so the demonstration of stereo-picture is subjected to angle limits, surpasses a certain distance or angle and just can't see stereo-picture.Holographic scheme also is in theoretical research and experimental stage at present.We can say up to the present also do not have a kind of stereo TV scheme of real practicality to occur.

The present invention is under the prerequisite according to existing television operations mode, and it is feasible to propose a kind of principle, the stereo TV scheme of method practicality and correlation technique thereof, i.e. line separation stereo television scheme and correlation technique.Utilize the interleaved characteristics of existing TV to adopt the row interleaving techniques, in stereoscopic display, in one, show simultaneously left and right sides two field picture with progressive scan mode, recycling row isolation technics only is with left and right sides separation of images once secondary analyzing glasses and can be watched three-dimensional television image.Because do not change the working method of former TV, promptly left and right sides image still adopts interlacing scan, as long as take certain circuitry measures, just might with the common TV compatibility.

This stereo TV scheme and technology comprise: 1, capable simultaneously operation principle and the coding of Display Technique of lining by line scan that intersect; 2, capable isolation technics and the prospect of stereo-picture; 3, possible method and the technology of TV compatibility.

1, capable simultaneously operation principle and the coding of Display Technique of lining by line scan that intersect.Because the line scanning of common TV technology, employing be horizontal-interlace technique.With the Phase Alternation Line system is example (following is example with the PAL television system all), stipulate vertical scanning behavior 625 row of a two field picture, divide two demonstrations, the scanning behavior 625/2=312.5 of a field picture is capable in the interlacing scan, sweep odd-numbered line earlier for first, as 1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable, and the second field scan even number line is as 2,4,6 ... n is capable.50 demonstrations of 25 two field pictures are arranged like this each second.Thereby the image continuity is good, flicker free.If in stereoscopic TV, still adopt this scan mode, be difficult in the demonstration and show two field picture simultaneously, so adopt the capable interleaving techniques of lining by line scan in stereoscopic TV, left and right sides single game image still is interlacing scan, and image interlacing intersection in the left and right sides is presented at same occasion line by line and becomes in the image.As 1,3,5 ... capable left field picture, 2,4,6 of showing of n-1 ... n is capable, shows right field picture.So just can in a field scan, show left and right sides two field picture simultaneously.Thereby guarantee each 50 demonstration of 25 frames of left and right sides image, stereo-picture also is 50 demonstrations of 25 frames.Because stereotelevision adopts and lines by line scan, so total scanning behavior 625 row, left and right sides image adopts interlacing scan, so left and right sides single game scan line respectively is the resultant field scan line half, namely 625/2=312.5 is capable.Stereotelevision is also used two demonstrations, so still be 50 of 25 frames.So both guarantee each 50 demonstration of 25 frames of left and right sides image, also realized 50 demonstrations of stereo-picture 25 frames.Thereby guarantee that the stereo-picture continuity is good, third dimension is strong, no stroboscopic requirement.And for compatible common TV provides certain condition.Line by line scan because of solid again and will intersect left and right sides two field picture, so need left and right sides image intersect coding according to certain rules.This coding can just be finished when shooting.As the twin-lens stereo camera can be simultaneously with about two two field pictures picked-up and depositing in separately the frame memory (RAM), and according to the requirement of required television system modulation treatment separately, last row or the intersect coding under the control of modulating coder, done.Coding also can be placed in the receiver and carry out, and namely receiver is made earlier normal signal and processed after receiving three-dimensional image signal, presses display requirement again and makes the row intersect coding.(annotate, because the characteristics of pal television: " balanced quadrature modulation phase-aoternation line system ".Therefore left and right sides two field picture should be modulated by the Phase Alternation Line system mode earlier or demodulation remakes after finishing or the row intersect coding, otherwise because line-by-line inversion can't be finished, because continuous two row belong to left and right sides two field picture, make the color of two field picture can't correctly separate the mediation attention.Can certainly rethink the modulation and demodulation method of color.Simpler for the TSC-system problem, this problem also need be furtherd investigate).Coding can adopt fixed capable intersect coding method, and namely odd-numbered line only shows left image, such as 1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable only to show left image, and even number line only shows right image, such as 2,4,6 ... n is capable only to show right image, and this shows not time to time change.Also can adopt row exchange compiling method, promptly first odd-numbered line shows left image, as 1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable, and even number line shows right image, as 2,4,6 ... n is capable; Second then conversely odd number ground show right image, even number line shows left image.The more front method of the method more meets the scanning requirement of existing TV, but separation of images more bothers.If certainly with digital technology the A/D of two field picture elder generation is transformed to mathematical information, encodes with computer technology again and process just easier.(because digital information can handle arbitrarily, as compress, expand, change, assign, repairing etc.).Just can be recorded on the video-tape after Image Coding is finished or be modulated on the RF carrier frequency and be gone out by antenna transmission.In the coding of stereo-picture, can also be take the field cell encoding, as left and right sides image being dealt with separately modulation again with the order intersect coding of field, this method is more suitable for record, because each track part on the video-tape just is a field picture information.Above method all requires receiver that corresponding codec functions will be arranged.Except some special circuits, the basic circuit of receiver is identical substantially with common TV with function.For example high frequency reception, intermediate frequency amplification, color decoding and a row separation etc., sound accompaniment in addition certainly.If what adopt is field sequence intersect coding emission information.Receiver adds two frame memories (RAM) with an information channel and a capable intersect coding device just can realize that stereotelevision receives.If what adopt is row intersect coding emission information, receiver is then more complex.Because after two field information are showed signs of anger the decoding processing about the row intersection information need being separated into earlier, remake capable intersect coding and obtain R, G, B output.For TSC-system, because there is not line-by-line inversion, so can behavior unit carry out the look decoding.

2, capable isolation technics and the prospect of stereo-picture: when television set demonstrated to line by line scan intersection left and right sides two field picture, direct viewing can't be experienced stereoeffect, and is one pair of very bad superimposed image.This pair image must be constituted by left and right sides image independent and separate, with about two watch respectively, just can experience stereoeffect by the brain overall balance again.Separation must be carried out with behavior unit, but also will see the original coded system of steric information.To decide the line mode coding, make different light polarization by left and right sides image in this way, just watch with the analyzing glasses again and can experience stereo-picture as long as then separate to go.The method is separated simple.But since about be that fixing row shows that so image has up and down minute differences, single game image line interval is obvious, can therefore affect definition.If image is to go the exchanged form coding, then separate rows is conversion when different play.As first odd-numbered line (1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable) what show is left image, then is even number line (2,4,6 during to second ... n is capable) shown left image.As seen two of same two field picture demonstrations and common TV are identical.So for compatibility is provided convenience.But be engraved in conversion when separate rows is, must use liquid crystal rotatory polarization just two field picture can be separated, watch with the analyzing glasses again.No matter be which kind of coded system, separating all must be to carry out with behavior unit.Because the television line scanning light spot is very tiny, if separation accuracy is not high, then may affect stereo image effect, or can not separate even left and right sides image fully.Particularly liquid crystal rotatory polarization separates.Along with the development of Micrometer-Nanometer Processing Technology and the application in TV tech, it seems that this separation can realize.Even can as 3 cun wide 0.073mm that reach of small display line, not consider that some other factors also are feasible with the wide 0.1mm of line less than 0.01mm because minimum line is wide yet.In addition because television set also is not flat face very in order to the fluorescent screen that shows image at present.As can cause bigger error with another flat face separation screen or can't align with scan line at all, mainly be that the vertical direction edge can't align, thereby shield and should keep same curvature and distance capable the separation with the fluorescent screen curved surface, perhaps simply just carry out on the surface, fluorescent screen.When going coded scanning surely, as long as on the surface, fluorescent screen according to the scan line track with the wide inclined to one side film that rises of coating different polarization polarization in turn of line, align with line raster exactly and topped line raster, so just can form the line raster of two kinds of different polarization directions, just they can be separated with the analyzing glasses again.In this way row exchange coded scanning then needs to use polarization to add the liquid crystal optically-active and separates screen.Polarizing coating uses the polarizing coating of same polarised direction, liquid crystal must be wide as unit transformation take line, namely need on the conduction interlayer to plate conductive gate so that line is wide as unit, necessary mutually insulated between two conductive gate, and the capable intersect coding synchronized in two electrodes and the television set links about drawing respectively, utilizes liquid crystal that row separation and line translation are finished in the response of voltage.Same conductive gate also will be alignd and topped line raster accurately.This screen can be made plane screen earlier, and to be pressed into identical curved surface by fluorescent screen curvature then topped again on the surface, fluorescent screen.Look forward at last following HDTV stereotelevision, because the employing of following HDTV TV is to line by line scan, it seems that doing stereo-picture with above capable partition method has certain difficulty.But according to U.S.'s " hyundai electronics " magazine report, following HDTV TV has four kinds of patterns (referring to scan mode).The interleaved HDTV television system of a kind of employing is wherein just arranged, can consider to do following HDTV stereo-television system.Certainly perhaps holographic technique is the major technique of following HDTV stereoscopic TV, a kind of additional technology of HDTV stereoscopic TV but the row isolation technics also be can yet be regarded as.

3, possible method and the technology of TV compatibility.Along with popularizing of TV, the appearance of stereotelevision in order to enlarge the image information source, has just proposed the compatibility issue of TV naturally.Because what black-and-white television and color TV adopted is the frequency translation compatible technique, but in stereotelevision, because the two-way information frequency is substantially close, adopt again this method obviously not all right.In the separation stereo television on the scene, if field frequency is higher, when exceeding one times than common TV field frequency, in fact adopts every field scan and can realize compatibility.Just stereotelevision adopt by, common TV adopts every the field, so common TV can only show single-lens image, stereotelevision then shows the twin-lens image.If field frequency is identical with the common TV field frequency, then can't realize compatibility.Certainly above method all needs to do a little measures on circuit.Want the compatible common TV of stereotelevision must change field frequency or line frequency, because stereotelevision high speed field frequency no longer has been original 64 microseconds and 20ms but 32 microseconds and 10ms so that line-scanning frequency has also been accelerated.Thereby line frequency is 312.5 * 100=31250HZ, has been 312.5 * 50=15625HZ no longer.Yet the row number of picture elements is the same, and row information also is identical, and just the displaying time on the fluorescent screen has shortened, and just information flow speed has been accelerated.As long as so manage prolonged a horizontal-scanning interval, lengthened capable pixel time of staying on the fluorescent screen, namely reduce the speed of image information stream, (such as reduced to 8 bps etc. by 16 bps).If the employing digital technology turns to digital information with image information, changing information flow speed will be easier.Along with the appearance of Digital Television, with reducing field frequency and reducing information flow speed and realize that compatibility is possible.The row partition method is similar with partition method, take certain circuitry measures and the information processing technology can with the common TV compatibility.In the partition method of being expert at, because of field frequency is constant, what line scanning was adopted is line by line, and left and right sides image is still interlacing scan, this and common TV all fours, and different is the line-scanning period to have shortened to 32 microseconds by 64 microseconds.Thereby image information stream speed ratio common TV is fast.Obviously reducing line frequency and information flow speed may realize compatible.This compatible method is not the frequency compatibility, but information is compatible or be the image compatibility.I.e. compatible with single lens image in the twin-lens stereo-picture.What therefore stereoscopic TV showed is the twin-lens stereo-picture, and what common TV showed is single-lens image.

The present invention can show left and right sides two field picture simultaneously owing to adopt row to intersect to line by line scan and technology such as row separation in a field scan, the single game scan mode is identical with existing TV, still is 50 demonstrations of 25 two field pictures.Left and right sides image shows that in turn blanking time is longer in the separation stereo television thereby overcome, and display field is handed over few, the obvious shortcoming of glimmering.Owing to adopt the row isolation technics, overcome in the pixel isolation technics and fixed because of the separation prism angle, separate being subjected to angle limits, watch stereo-picture will be subjected to distance and position limitation.As long as this method is with one pair of light analyzing glasses, can watch at an arbitrary position, and stereopsis takes off screen and goes out, the sense that has the people of making to come to its border personally line by line scan owing to adopt, thereby the line-scanning period is shorter than the existing television line cycle, the image information flow rate is fast, it is wide to cause channel bandwidth to have TV now, but as adopting the digital image compression technology, as the MPEG-n Image Compression.Vision bandwidth is compressed to have TV now identical.This provides assurance for compatibility.And the employing information storage just can arbitrarily change information flow speed later, read as depositing low speed at a high speed, or low speed deposits high speed readout etc. in.

Figure of the present invention slightly!

In the invention process, need to use modern high tech method, such as Micrometer-Nanometer Processing Technology, Computer Control Technology, and digital circuit technique etc.The key that this invention is successful be expert at separate whether successfully perfect.Row is separated in and carries out after the kinescope manufacturing is finished, or increases eventually last procedure in manufacture process, also can carry out separately.Namely on a transparent membrane, plate the electrically conducting transparent grid by row earlier, or coat polarized material.Then that film or the conductive gate liquid crystal display of this different polarization row is topped on surface, kinescope fluorescent screen, note aliging and topped line raster with line raster.At this moment except brightness was influenced, line raster should be high-visible, is with the analyzing glasses to watch line raster should not have any variation (such as the disconnected wrong row etc. of going), puts at last the stereo-picture check.Or direct just topped this operation of finishing on a three-dimensional rest image, stereo-picture should have vertical and thin horizontal line or electronics unit, as long as this is carefully continuously smooth, the breakpoint that does not have the sawtooth sample, description line separates correct, and this procedure should be carefully patient, once not all right can be repeatedly several times, until satisfied ending.Other technologies all available circuit realize that this scheme not only needs stereo camera, three-dimensional video machine and spatical television set.More need steric information software, so be a system engineering.And all parts are not only inequality but also roughly similar to general parts of machine.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of stereo TV scheme and correlation technique thereof that belongs in the TV tech.Fixed capable cross scan is arranged, and line translation intersects and goes isolation technics etc. accordingly, and it is characterized in that: stereo-picture adopts and absorbs an independent process or a cross processing simultaneously, intersects sign indicating number output partially or the output of row intersect coding.And do image compression with digital circuit technique and make closely with common TV vision bandwidth, be beneficial to the TV compatibility.Two interleaved images about stereo-picture shows in one simultaneously in cross scan mode line by line, so the scan method identical (50 interlacing scans of 25 frames) of left and right sides two field picture and common TV.The stereo synthesis image also is 50 demonstrations of 25 frames.The stereo-picture continuity is good, third dimension strong, the flicker free requirement thereby satisfy.Stereo-picture adopts the row isolation technics, utilizes the different rows polarised light to make left and right sides separation of images, is with secondary corresponding analyzing glasses, with regard to the ornamental stereopsis.

2, by fixed capable cross scan in the claim 1 and capable accordingly isolation technics, it is characterized in that: when going cross scan surely, the scan line of left and right sides image immobilizes, as odd-numbered line (1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable) only scan left image, even number line (2,4,6 ... n is capable) only scan right image.This scans not in time, play changes.The row separation needs only with the topped line raster of the film of different polarization row, two kinds of line rasters about just can forming have the glasses of corresponding analyzing direction with a pair, just can be with left and right sides separation of images, separation must be carried out with behavior unit, and the different polarization row must be aimed at corresponding scan line.This kind film can be directly topped on the fluorescent screen surface, consists of stereoscopic picture tube.

3, by line translation cross scan in the claim 1 and capable accordingly isolation technics, it is characterized in that: during the line translation cross scan, left and right sides image is conversion at different plays, as first odd-numbered line (1,3,5 ... n-1 is capable), show left image, second even number line (2,4,6 then ... n is capable) show left image.Two display packings of such two field picture are the same with common TV.This provides convenience for compatibility, but row separate must be with liquid crystal optically-active row polarization, same topped on the surface, fluorescent screen and aim at corresponding scan line.Watch with corresponding analyzing glasses equally.

4, by the corresponding line isolation technics in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: owing to be to decide row to separate, needn't be with other separation screen so separate, with a film take the interlacing intersection of the wide two kinds of polarization directions as the unit of line.Toppedly align, thereby form the line raster of two kinds of different polarization directions, with seeing left and right sides two field picture respectively once secondary analyzing glasses accordingly on fluorescent screen surface and with corresponding left and right sides scan line.

5, by the corresponding line isolation technics in the claim 3, it is characterized in that: owing to be that line translation separates, need in addition processing so separate screen, namely separate screen and be made up of some hyaline layers, ground floor is polarizing coating (not in lines).The second layer and the 4th layer are the transparent coating of conductive row grid, the 3rd layer is sandwiching liquid crystal, the second layer plates whole conducting film and the ground connection that goes between on conductive row grid layer, row conductive gate about the 4th layer of conductive layer must plate respectively so that line is wide, because of the row with row between closely link to each other, so must about the row mutual insulating, and respectively interlacing intersect draw about two lead-in wires, link to each other with capable intersect coding synchronized in the television set.In order to align, this should to be separated screen and be pressed into the curvature identical and equidistant fixing with the surface, fluorescent screen with the fluorescent screen with the fluorescent screen scan line.

6, by the corresponding analyzing glasses in the claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterized in that: constitute by analyzing film and transparent mirror, two analyzing directions must with corresponding about the row direction of polarized light identical.