CN121546292A - A method for connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tab - Google Patents
A method for connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tabInfo
- Publication number
- CN121546292A CN121546292A CN202511726864.6A CN202511726864A CN121546292A CN 121546292 A CN121546292 A CN 121546292A CN 202511726864 A CN202511726864 A CN 202511726864A CN 121546292 A CN121546292 A CN 121546292A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- current collector
- based current
- electroplating
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及异质构件连接技术领域，尤其涉及一种碳基集流体与金属极耳的连接方法。其技术方案包括以下步骤：提供碳基集流体，并预留电镀区域；在所述电镀区域电镀金属镀层；将金属极耳焊接在所述电镀区域上。本发明通过电镀与焊接相结合的工艺，实现了碳基集流体与金属极耳之间牢固的机械连接和稳定的电连接，有效提高了界面结合强度并显著改善了电子传导效率；该方法具有广泛的材料兼容性，能适应不同材质的极耳与多种碳基集流体，同时避免了使用环境有害物质，符合绿色制造要求，且其工艺简单可行。
This invention relates to the field of heterogeneous component connection technology, and more particularly to a method for connecting a carbon-based current collector and a metal tab. The technical solution includes the following steps: providing a carbon-based current collector and reserving an electroplating area; electroplating a metal coating on the electroplating area; and welding the metal tab onto the electroplating area. This invention achieves a strong mechanical connection and stable electrical connection between the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab through a combination of electroplating and welding, effectively improving the interfacial bonding strength and significantly enhancing electron conduction efficiency. This method has broad material compatibility, adapting to tabs of different materials and various carbon-based current collectors, while avoiding the use of environmentally harmful substances, meeting green manufacturing requirements, and its process is simple and feasible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heterogeneous member connection, in particular to a connection method of a carbon-based current collector and a metal tab.
Background
The water system battery has wide application prospect in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of the advantages of high safety, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like. However, the operating voltage window of aqueous batteries is narrower and electrochemical stability is challenging compared to battery systems employing organic electrolytes, which place more stringent demands on the interfacial compatibility between the electrode and the current collector.
Currently, lithium ion batteries employ aluminum, copper metal current collectors. However, these metallic materials are susceptible to side reactions such as electrochemical corrosion, hydrogen evolution, and oxidation when operated in an aqueous electrolyte for a long period of time. These problems can lead to reduced current collector performance, increased interfacial contact resistance, and thus reduced cell cycle life and overall electrochemical performance. While lead current collectors in lead acid batteries, while being resistant to corrosion, present a risk of environmental contamination.
To solve the above problems, carbon-based materials (e.g., carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, etc.) are considered as ideal alternative current collectors. They have excellent chemical inertness, can resist the corrosion of acid-base electrolyte, and effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions. Meanwhile, the carbon material has good conductivity, lower density and adjustable porous structure. The porous structure is not only beneficial to electrolyte infiltration and ion transmission, but also improves the reaction kinetics of the electrode/current collector interface.
However, the inherent porosity and rough surface of carbon-based current collectors make it difficult to achieve a highly airtight package like a dense metal foil, with the risk of electrolyte leakage or moisture evaporation. Therefore, it is often necessary to circumscribe the metal tab to complete the final package of the battery. However, the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab have significant differences in physical properties (such as thermal expansion coefficient, hardness and melting point) and chemical properties, so that the interface between the two is incompatible, and firm and low-resistance connection is difficult to achieve by a traditional welding method (such as fusion welding).
In the prior art, the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab are usually crimped only by means of external mechanical pressure. Although the connection mode can conduct current, the connection mode has low mechanical strength, and is easy to loosen when the battery runs for a long time or is subjected to vibration, so that the contact resistance is increased and even fails. More importantly, the high ohmic resistance present at the interface reduces the charge-discharge efficiency and power density of the battery.
In order to improve the connection performance, the prior art proposes some solutions. For example, patent document CN106602077B discloses a method of using a low-melting-point lead tab, which forms a fitting structure by pressing molten lead into pores of a conductive carbon felt under air pressure. In another patent document CN106695193B, a sheet-shaped lead tab is locally melted by resistance spot welding, and the melted lead permeates into a carbon felt gap and then is cooled and solidified to achieve connection. These methods improve the connection strength and conductivity to some extent.
However, the above prior art techniques all rely on low melting point lead as the connecting medium. This presents two significant drawbacks, firstly, lead is a toxic heavy metal, its use and disposal may cause environmental pollution problems, contrary to the development concept of green energy storage, and secondly, lead tabs are not suitable for all types of aqueous batteries, for example, may be incompatible in systems such as aqueous zinc ion batteries. Therefore, the application provides a method for connecting a carbon-based current collector with a metal tab.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the prior art relies on lead with low melting point as a connecting medium to cause environmental pollution in the background art, and provides a method for connecting a carbon-based current collector and a metal tab.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the connection method of the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab comprises the following steps:
s1, providing a carbon-based current collector and reserving an electroplating area;
S2, electroplating a metal coating in the electroplating area;
and S3, welding the metal tab on the electroplating area.
Optionally, the carbon-based current collector is selected from carbon cloth, carbon felt or carbon paper.
Optionally, the electroplated metal coating is made of any metal, such as any one or more of copper, nickel and tin.
Optionally, the welding is spot welding, laser welding or soldering.
Optionally, in the electroplating step, the deposition amount of the metal plating layer is 50 mAh to 1000 mAh.
Optionally, the metal tab is made of any metal, such as stainless steel, nickel, titanium, copper, and tin.
Alternatively, the electroplating step uses an electroplating solution comprising a copper sulfate solution, nickel chloride or nickel chloride solution.
Optionally, after the metal is deposited in the electroplating area by electroplating, cleaning and drying are performed, and then welding is performed.
Compared with the prior art, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
The method of the invention realizes the firm connection between the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab, and remarkably improves the mechanical strength and reliability of the connection.
By forming the metal coating on the carbon-based surface, the interface contact characteristic is effectively improved, the contact resistance is reduced, and the electron conduction efficiency is improved.
The invention has wide applicability and can be compatible with the connection between metal lugs of different materials and various types of carbon-based current collectors. Avoiding the use of metal materials harmful to the environment and meeting the requirements of green manufacture. The connecting process is simple and feasible, and has good compatibility with the existing battery manufacturing process.
In summary, the method realizes firm mechanical connection and stable electric connection between the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab through the process of combining electroplating and welding, effectively improves interface bonding strength and obviously improves electronic conduction efficiency, has wide material compatibility, can adapt to tabs of different materials and various carbon-based current collectors, simultaneously avoids using environment harmful substances, meets the requirement of green manufacturing, and has simple and feasible process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tab;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the deposition of copper on the carbon cloth in example 1, and FIG. 2b is a welding diagram of the deposition of copper on the carbon cloth and the stainless steel tab in example 1;
fig. 3a is a schematic view of the deposition of nickel on the carbon felt in example 3, and fig. 3b is a welding chart of the deposited nickel carbon felt and the metal nickel tab in example 3.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for connecting a carbon-based current collector with a metal tab, specifically, a method for connecting a carbon-based current collector with a stainless steel tab.
The carbon-based current collector was prepared by cutting a commercial carbon cloth into a rectangular sheet of size 1 cm ×2.5 cm and explicitly reserving the area of 1 cm ×1 cm as the plating connection area.
Preparing a plating solution, namely preparing an acidic copper sulfate plating solution of 100 mL, wherein the concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO 4·5H2 O) is 200 g/L, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid (H 2SO4) is 50 g/L.
Electroplating a metal layer, namely electroplating and depositing at room temperature by taking the pretreated carbon cloth as a cathode and a pure copper plate as an anode. And adopting a constant current mode to control the deposition electric quantity to be 100 mAh. At this time, the metallic copper is uniformly deposited in the electroplating area of the carbon cloth, and fills the fiber pores of the carbon cloth, so that a compact and firmly-combined copper plating layer is formed.
After the plating was completed, the carbon cloth deposited with copper was taken out, rinsed with deionized water sufficiently to remove residual plating solution, and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 2 hours.
As shown in FIG. 2a, a piece of metal tab made of 304 stainless steel and having a proper size is accurately covered on the copper plating region of the carbon cloth. The tab was spot welded to the copper deposit using a commercial spot welder and appropriate welding parameters (e.g., current, pressure and time) were adjusted as shown in fig. 2 b.
And (3) performance test, namely measuring the interface resistance of the connected pole pieces by adopting a four-probe method. The test result shows that compared with the same pole piece which is connected only by external mechanical pressure, the interface resistance of the sample prepared by the method is reduced by more than 30%, and the electron conduction efficiency is obviously improved.
Example 2 connection of carbon cloth Current collector to Nickel Tab and Strength test
A carbon-based current collector was prepared, and the carbon cloth was cut into a rectangle of 1 cm ×2.5 cm, and a plating area of 1 cm ×1 cm was reserved.
The plating solution is prepared by preparing 100 mL W-type nickel plating solution, and the main components of the plating solution are 150 g/L nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl 2·6H2 O) and 40 g/L boric acid (H 3BO3).
And (3) electroplating the metal layer by taking carbon cloth as a cathode and a nickel plate as an anode, and electroplating under the condition that the deposition electric quantity is 100 mAh, thereby forming a nickel plating layer on the surface of the carbon cloth.
And (3) after the electroplating is finished, taking out the sample, cleaning the sample by deionized water and drying the sample at 60 ℃.
And (3) welding the electrode lugs, namely attaching a nickel metal electrode lug on a nickel plating layer of the carbon cloth, and performing firm connection by adopting a spot welding process.
And (3) mechanical strength test, namely adopting a universal tensile testing machine to test the peel strength of the connecting point. The test results show that the connection point can withstand a vertical tensile force of at least 10N without falling off or breaking, demonstrating the excellent mechanical connection strength that can be achieved by the method of the present invention.
Example 3 connection of carbon felt Current collector to Nickel Tab
Preparing a carbon-based current collector, namely cutting a piece of carbon felt material with the thickness of 5mm into a cuboid block material with the thickness of 1 cm multiplied by 2.5 cm, and reserving an electroplating area with the thickness of 1 cm multiplied by 1 cm. Due to the greater thickness of the carbon felt and more porosity, more metal needs to be deposited to ensure that an effective connecting channel is formed.
The plating solution was prepared by using the same nickel chloride system plating solution 100 mL as in example 2.
And (3) electroplating a metal layer, namely placing the carbon felt in electroplating solution, and increasing the deposition electric quantity to 750 mAh, so that nickel metal can fully penetrate and fill the three-dimensional network structure in the carbon felt, and a firm metal complex is formed in and on the carbon felt.
And (5) post-treatment, namely taking out the sample, cleaning and drying.
And (3) welding the electrode lugs, namely selecting a tin soldering process, and welding the nickel metal electrode lugs on the carbon felt area where nickel is deposited as shown in fig. 3 a. The solder is able to wet and bond well with the pre-deposited nickel plating to achieve a reliable connection, as shown in fig. 3 b.
The resistance test shows that the resistance of the pole piece after the carbon felt and the nickel pole lug are connected in the embodiment is reduced by more than 33% compared with the traditional crimping mode, and the high-resistance connection problem between the thick carbon matrix and the metal pole lug is effectively solved.
The following is a summary of the performance data comparison of a conventional extrusion connection with the connection of examples 1-3, as shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 comparison of the connection Properties of different Metal tabs with carbon-based Current collectors
| Connection mode | Sample of | Resistor (omega) | Tensile test (N) |
| Traditional extrusion connection (pressure 20 kPa) | Carbon cloth-stainless steel tab | 2.2 | <2.5 |
| Example 1 | Carbon cloth-stainless steel tab | 1.5 | >10 |
| Traditional extrusion connection (pressure 20 kPa) | Carbon cloth-nickel metal tab | 1.6 | <2.5 |
| Example 2 | Carbon cloth-nickel metal tab | 1.0 | >10 |
| Traditional extrusion connection (pressure 20 kPa) | Carbon felt-nickel metal tab | 3.4 | <2.5 |
| Example 3 | Carbon felt-nickel metal tab | 2.2 | >10 |
According to the performance comparison data shown in table 1, the connecting method combining electroplating and welding provided by the invention is significantly superior to the traditional extrusion connecting mode in both electrical performance and mechanical strength. Under the same material combination, the connection resistance of the sample adopting the embodiment of the method is obviously lower than that of the traditional extrusion connection sample, which indicates that the method effectively reduces the interface contact resistance and improves the electron conduction efficiency. Meanwhile, the tensile test results are consistent, and the mechanical bearing capacity of the samples connected by the method is far higher than that of the samples connected by the traditional extrusion connection mode, so that the method can realize more firm and reliable mechanical connection. The performance advantages are verified in the combination of different types of carbon-based current collectors and metal lugs made of different materials, and the effectiveness and universality of the connecting method are reflected.
In summary, the invention successfully overcomes the obstacle that the direct welding is difficult due to large difference of physical and chemical properties between the carbon material and the metal by a secondary connection strategy that a metal layer is firstly electroplated on the carbon-based current collector as a transition interface and then welded with the metal tab. The method has the advantages of simple process and wide applicability, can obviously reduce interface contact resistance, improve electronic conduction efficiency, and endow the connection point with excellent mechanical strength, thereby comprehensively improving the comprehensive performance of the water-based battery using the carbon-based current collector.
It is worth to say that the connection method provided by the invention can realize firm mechanical connection and stable electric connection between the carbon-based current collector and the metal tab, and remarkably improves the connection reliability. According to the method, the metal plating layer is formed on the surface of the carbon-based current collector by electroplating, so that the interface contact resistance is effectively reduced, the electronic conduction efficiency is improved, and the resistance of the pole piece is reduced by more than 30% compared with that of the traditional crimping mode. The method has wide applicability and can realize the reliable connection of metal lugs made of various materials such as stainless steel, nickel, copper and the like and different carbon-based current collectors such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and the like. The process avoids the use of lead and other metals harmful to the environment, solves the lead pollution problem in the prior art, and is simultaneously suitable for a battery system with high requirements on material compatibility, such as a water-based zinc ion battery. The connecting method has simple process and good compatibility with the existing battery manufacturing process.
The above-described embodiments are merely a few alternative embodiments of the present invention, and many alternative modifications and combinations of the above-described embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the related teachings of the above-described embodiments.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202511726864.6A CN121546292A (en) | 2025-11-24 | 2025-11-24 | A method for connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tab |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202511726864.6A CN121546292A (en) | 2025-11-24 | 2025-11-24 | A method for connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tab |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN121546292A true CN121546292A (en) | 2026-02-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202511726864.6A Pending CN121546292A (en) | 2025-11-24 | 2025-11-24 | A method for connecting a carbon-based current collector to a metal tab |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN121546292A (en) |
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2025
- 2025-11-24 CN CN202511726864.6A patent/CN121546292A/en active Pending
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