CN1214487C - Dual purpose antenna - Google Patents

Dual purpose antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1214487C
CN1214487C CNB011357886A CN01135788A CN1214487C CN 1214487 C CN1214487 C CN 1214487C CN B011357886 A CNB011357886 A CN B011357886A CN 01135788 A CN01135788 A CN 01135788A CN 1214487 C CN1214487 C CN 1214487C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
whiplike
coupling
plane
antenna structure
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB011357886A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1349278A (en
Inventor
J·米科拉
S·塔瓦斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pulse Finland Oy
Original Assignee
FIRTRONIC LK Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FIRTRONIC LK Co Ltd filed Critical FIRTRONIC LK Co Ltd
Publication of CN1349278A publication Critical patent/CN1349278A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1214487C publication Critical patent/CN1214487C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H01Q1/244—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas extendable from a housing along a given path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to double-action antenna structures. The structure comprises e.g. a PIFA-type antenna inside the casing of a mobile station, a coupling element and a whip element movable in relation to the former two. The coupling element (240) is a relatively small conductive element between the radiating plane (220) and ground plane (210) of the PIFA, galvanically isolated from the radiating plane and ground plane. When the whip element (230) is retracted, it has no significant coupling to the PIFA parts. When the whip element is extended, its lower end (231) is galvanically connected to the coupling element so that a significant electromagnetic coupling is established between the whip element and the radiating plane of the PIFA. Thus the whip element is fed through the PIFA without being in galvanic contact with it. The coupling element further provides for the matching of the whip element. In the structure according to the invention the internal and external antennas may be designed and optimized relatively independently of each other.

Description

Dual purpose antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to be suitable for the dual purpose antenna structure of mobile radio station, an element is a telescopic whip antenna in this structure.
Background technology
In portable radio apparatus field, particularly mobile radio station, it is more overcritical that the antenna manufacturing is just becoming.Owing to used new frequency band, an antenna must be worked on two or several frequency bands usually.When equipment was small-sized, antenna also must be small-sized; It preferably is placed in the device housings, avoids like this giving prominence to unrealisticly., unfortunately, the radiation characteristic of inside antenna than exterior antenna a little less than.In addition, for example inside antenna is more responsive than exterior antenna for the influence of user's hand.These shortcomings can utilize dual purpose antenna to reduce, and a movable antenna element that belongs to this structure when needing with box lunch can partly be pulled out so that improve quality of connection.
Telescopic whip antenna is known this structure.If antenna structure comprises one second radiant element again, it is the element outside the device housings normally, is significantly shorter than whiplike element.This dual purpose antenna is disclosed in the early stage patent application FI991359 of same Applicant, and this antenna is positioned at device housings inside fully under an operating state.This structure illustrates in Fig. 1.It comprises a ground plane 110, radiator plane element 120, and feed wire 102 and a short-circuit conductors 103, PIFA (planar inverted-F antenna) the type part that these have constituted entire antenna is positioned at the wireless device enclosure.This plane component 120 wherein has slit 125, and its shape makes the resonance frequency of flat plane antenna with needed identical.This structure further comprises a whiplike element 130, in its bottom union piece 131 is arranged.When whiplike position in its lower section, it has the not obvious coupling with the PIFA part.When whiplike position in the above, 125 both sides contact with plane component 120 electric currents union piece 131 in the slit, so that this slit becomes short circuit.The short circuit slit has obviously increased the resonance frequency of flat plane antenna, thus when whiplike during in the pull-out location this flat plane antenna in working band, do not play the antenna effect.Whiplike element size designs to such an extent that play unipole antenna in identical working band, substitutes internal planar antenna thus.The task of plane component 120 then has been the effect of a whiplike feeder line part, and as whiplike impedance matching element.This PIFA also can design to such an extent that have two frequencies, so that the whiplike element Change Example in position such as PIFA are than low resonant frequency in the above, that only pulls out in this way whiplikely plays low operating frequency radiant element.Then the conductive plane of PIFA plays the higher operational frequency radiant element.The whiplike element of pulling out on the other hand, just makes the antenna work on the low operating frequency more effective and do not change the resonance frequency of PIFA.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of dual purpose antenna in the mode more novel and more favourable than known structure.Comprise according to this antenna structure of the present invention: a radiator plane element and a ground plane in wireless device inside, with relative their movable whiplike elements, the feed wire of this antenna structure is connected to the radiator plane element, this antenna structure is characterised in that and further is included between a radiator plane element and the ground plane and coupling element the two electrical insulation, when whiplike element was extended, this coupling element was connected with whiplike element current to give this whiplike element feed and this whiplike element of coupling by the electromagnetic coupled between this radiator plane element and coupling element.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of wireless device (MS) that comprises an antenna structure is provided, this antenna structure has a radiator plane element (620) and a ground plane in wireless device inside, relative their movable whiplike elements (630) with one, be characterised in that this antenna structure further comprises between radiator plane element and ground plane and a coupling element the two electrical insulation, when whiplike element is extended, this coupling element electric current be connected to whiplike element with the electromagnetic coupled by between this radiator plane element and coupling element to this whiplike element feed and this whiplike element of coupling.
Basic ideas of the present invention are as follows: an antenna structure comprises for example PIFA type antenna that is positioned at mobile radio station casing inside, a coupling element and a movable whiplike element in relative front.This coupling element be the PIFA radiator plane with ground plane between relative small-sized conductive plane.When whiplike component shrinkage, it and PIFA be not obviously coupling partly.When whiplike element stretched out, it contacted with the coupling element electric current than low side, set up tangible electromagnetic coupled by the coupling element between whiplike element and PIFA radiator plane thus.Whiplike like this element does not contact with its electric current by the PIFA feed.In addition, the coupling for whiplike element provides coupling element.This inside antenna can have one or several frequency band.Under the situation of double frequency band aerial, for example, that stretches out has whiplikely improved the work of this antenna structure on two frequency bands of inside antenna.
Advantage of the present invention is according to structure of the present invention, and inside and outside antenna can design relatively independently and optimize.This is the coupling that does not need to consider whip antenna because of internal antenna design when realizing coupling by coupling element.Another advantage of the present invention is, it is simple relatively and cheap according to structure of the present invention, because do not need machine components that separate or the element that is used to mate.Another advantage of the present invention be according to structure decrease of the present invention the size of inside antenna.This is because being placed in coupling element below the radiator plane outer end observes from short dot and produced other electric capacity, and has therefore reduced the physical size relevant with electric size.
Description of drawings
Describe the present invention below in detail.Carry out reference with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein
Fig. 1 represents the example according to the antenna structure of prior art,
Fig. 2 represents the example according to antenna structure of the present invention,
Fig. 3 represents another example according to antenna structure of the present invention,
Fig. 4 represents the example according to whiplike element coupling of the present invention,
Fig. 5 represents the example according to the frequency characteristic of antenna of the present invention,
Fig. 6 represent according to the directional characteristic example of antenna of the present invention and
Fig. 7 a, b represent to have equipped the example according to the mobile radio station of antenna of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has discussed with description of the Prior Art.
Fig. 2 represents the example according to antenna structure of the present invention.This antenna structure 200 comprises 220, one whiplike elements 230 of 210, one radiator plane elements parallel with ground plane of a ground plane and a coupling element 240.Feed wire 202 electric currents at the whole antenna structure of F point are connected to the radiator plane element, in another S short-circuit conductors 203 the radiator plane element are connected with ground plane 210.The planar section of the antenna structure in this example is the PIFA type like this.This radiator plane element 220 has a slit 225 wherein, observes the branch road that this slit separately becomes this element two different lengths from distributing point F.Therefore, the PIFA in this example is double frequency-band PIFA.Coupling element 240 is the bar shaped conductive plane between radiator plane element and the ground plane, and is parallel with them, bends towards ground plane having ledge 245 than low side.In ledge 245 ends the bending parallel with ground plane arranged, with ground-plane distance be d.Between coupling element and radiator plane element, there is electromagnetic coupled naturally.Coupling element is positioned near the edge E of radiator plane element, and it leaves short dot S electrical distance farthest and parallel with described edge.Then, when flat plane antenna resonance, its electric field near coupling element 240 the strongest and therefore above-mentioned coupling mainly be capacitive character.
" than the low side " of structure division represented the outermost end of whiplike component shrinkage direction in this specification and claims, with the equipment work location independent.Similarly, " higher-end " of structure division refers to and the end opposite than low side.
Whiplike element 230 is movable along its axis.Position, i.e. extended position above whiplike element is illustrated as and is in Fig. 2.In the case, contact with coupling element 240 upper end electric currents at union piece 231 than low side.This design provides the feed of whiplike element and impedance matching: coupling element has formed the resonator on the operating frequency with whiplike element, and this resonator obtains energy by the ground of the coupling capacitance between coupling element and the radiator plane element.On the other hand, the coupling element of the shape of coupling element and position and selection and whiplike element tie point have been determined as far as possible effectively to mate under whiplike radiation (and reception) mode.Fig. 2 has represented further that with dotted line the position is the whiplike element of punctured position below.So this whiplike element and union piece 231 and the insulation of all conductive structure parts, and it obviously is not coupled with the other parts of antenna structure.
In the example of Fig. 2, radiator plane element 220 is to be supported on rigid conductive plane on the ground plane 210 by for example dielectric frame.It shown in the figure part 205 of this framework.Substitute rigid plane, the radiator plane element can be the conductive region on the printed circuit board surface for example.
Fig. 3 represents another example according to antenna structure of the present invention.This structure 300 comprises 310, one parallel therewith radiator plane elements 320 of a ground plane, only is represented by dotted lines a whiplike element 330 and a coupling element 340 in the drawings.Feed wire 302 electric currents in a F entire antenna structure are connected to this radiator plane element, in another S short-circuit conductors 303 the radiator plane element are connected with signal ground.The difference of this structure and Fig. 2 is that coupling element is positioned at more near the flat plane antenna center, and the electromagnetic coupled between itself and the radiator plane element is than the inductive that has more among Fig. 2 thus.This coupling element comprises a bending 345 of pointing to ground plane, and this bending has the length that equals whole coupling element.On the side of this flexure plane, parallel with ground plane basically extension 341 is arranged, so that the coupling that can regulate whip antenna by crooked this extension to ground plane.In this example, the short-circuit conductors 303 on the radiator plane element is the cylindrical outstanding of ground plane 310.The union piece 331 of whiplike element is barrel-shaped elements but not rectangle sleeve pipe.
Fig. 4 represents the details according to the structure of Fig. 2.Its expression when whiplike during at extended position whiplike element how to be connected to the example of coupling element.The figure shows the union piece 231 higher parts and whiplike 230 the end views of ground plane 210, radiator plane element 220, coupling element 240, whiplike element than lower part.Higher part at coupling element has at least one crooked contact spring 242.Between union piece 231 or the whiplike contact spring and dielectric support material 206 that is compressed in coupling element that stretch out.Backing material 206 is attached on the ground plane 210, in addition attached on radiator plane element 220 and the coupling element 240.
Fig. 5 has represented the frequency characteristic example according to the illustrated antenna structure of the present invention of Fig. 2.The figure shows two curves 51 and 52.Curve 51 is this antenna structure reflection loss RL as frequency function, when whiplike element is retracted, and reflection loss when the whiplike element of curve 52 representatives stretches out.Reflection loss is more little to be that curve is low more, and the radiation of this antenna and reception are effective more.Two curves comprise two " low spots ", and the structure that expression requires is designed to be and is operated on two frequency bands.Low working band in the 900MHz scope and higher working band in the 1800MHz scope, extend to about 2GHz.Relatively two whiplike as can be seen elements of curve stretch out the reflection loss that has reduced this antenna structure in low working band significantly.The extended almost twice of this bandwidth and also increased radiation efficiency.At higher working band, whiplike element stretches out and causes this antenna-reflected loss to increase on a small quantity.
Fig. 6 represents the direction model example with Fig. 5 same antenna structure.Curve 61 representative is when whiplike component shrinkage, as the gain of this antenna structure of deflection function, the gains that curve 62 is represented when whiplike element stretches out.This result is according to the vertical electric field ionization meter on the 1.8GHz frequency.Antenna gain has strengthened 1.2dB and and has increased field intensity on side lobe on its whiplike element main lobe direction of stretching out of expression.This expression makes on the higher working band of being operated in of this antenna structure also more effective according to whiplike element of the present invention.
Fig. 7 a and b have represented to have the mobile radio station (MS) according to antenna structure of the present invention.Radiator plane element 720 in this structure is positioned at the mobile radio station enclosure fully.In Fig. 7 a, whiplike element 730 is contracted in the position in the mobile radio station shell, and it is extended in Fig. 7 b.Under latter instance, whiplike element has according to Fig. 2 and 3 couplings to radiator plane element 720.
Described above according to antenna structures more of the present invention.The present invention not with the antenna element design limit in these ad hoc structures.The present invention does not limit the manufacture method of this antenna and the material of use yet.Can use invention thought of the present invention with different modes.

Claims (7)

1. antenna structure, be included in a radiator plane element and a ground plane of wireless device inside, with relative their movable whiplike elements, the feed wire of this antenna structure is connected to the radiator plane element, it is characterized in that further being included in a radiator plane element (220,230) with ground plane (210, coupling element (240 310) and the two electrical insulation, 340), when whiplike element (230, when 330) being extended, this coupling element is connected with whiplike element current to give this whiplike element feed and this whiplike element of coupling by the electromagnetic coupled between this radiator plane element and coupling element.
2. according to a kind of antenna structure of claim 1, wherein radiator plane element (220) forms a PIFA type antenna with ground plane (210), it is characterized in that being positioned near radiator plane element electricity outermost edge (E), between coupling element and radiator plane element, to produce capacitive couplings when this coupling element (240) when the PIFA short dot is observed.
3. according to a kind of antenna structure of claim 1, be characterised in that this coupling element comprises a planar section parallel in fact with ground plane with the radiator plane element, the projection of this planar section (245,345) towards ground plane to optimize the coupling of whiplike element.
4. according to a kind of antenna structure of claim 3, the projection (245) that is characterised in that described coupling element near coupling element (240) than low side.
5. according to a kind of antenna structure of claim 1, be characterised in that this whiplike element and coupling element dispose together resonance with at least one identical frequency of radiator plane element on.
6. according to a kind of antenna structure of claim 1, be characterised in that radiator plane element (220) is a rigid conductive elements.
7. wireless device (MS) that comprises an antenna structure, this antenna structure has a radiator plane element (620) and a ground plane in wireless device inside, relative their movable whiplike elements (630) with one, be characterised in that this antenna structure further comprises between radiator plane element and ground plane and a coupling element the two electrical insulation, when whiplike element is extended, this coupling element electric current be connected to whiplike element with the electromagnetic coupled by between this radiator plane element and coupling element to this whiplike element feed and this whiplike element of coupling.
CNB011357886A 2000-10-18 2001-10-18 Dual purpose antenna Expired - Fee Related CN1214487C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20002300A FI113217B (en) 2000-10-18 2000-10-18 Dual acting antenna and radio
FI20002300 2000-10-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1349278A CN1349278A (en) 2002-05-15
CN1214487C true CN1214487C (en) 2005-08-10

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US (1) US6646606B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1199769B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1214487C (en)
DE (1) DE60102052T2 (en)
FI (1) FI113217B (en)

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US6646606B2 (en) 2003-11-11
CN1349278A (en) 2002-05-15
FI20002300A (en) 2002-04-19
EP1199769B1 (en) 2004-02-18
EP1199769A1 (en) 2002-04-24
FI113217B (en) 2004-03-15
DE60102052T2 (en) 2004-12-02
FI20002300A0 (en) 2000-10-18
DE60102052D1 (en) 2004-03-25
US20020044091A1 (en) 2002-04-18

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