CN1212913A - Vacuum displacement moulding method - Google Patents
Vacuum displacement moulding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1212913A CN1212913A CN 98114348 CN98114348A CN1212913A CN 1212913 A CN1212913 A CN 1212913A CN 98114348 CN98114348 CN 98114348 CN 98114348 A CN98114348 A CN 98114348A CN 1212913 A CN1212913 A CN 1212913A
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Abstract
A vacuum displacement moulding method includes such technological steps as uniformly mixing the sand for casting (100 portions) with water glass (0.5-10) and organic ester (0.05-1.5), shaping by filling the mixture in sand box, vacuumizing the sand box to 0.01-0.09 MPa of vacuum degree, filling the mixture of 5-100% methyl formate and air or nigrogen to 0.05-0.098 MPa, keeping the pressure for 20-240 seconds, and depressuring. Its advantages are low requirement on apparatus, less environmental pollution and high productivity.
Description
The present invention relates to foundry engieering, provide a kind of environmental pollution degree low especially, vacuum displacement moulding (core) method that moulding efficient is high.
In Foundry Production, natural adhesive is mainly adopted in moulding (core) before 50 years.As: kaolin, bentonite, vegetable oil, dextrin class natural materials.The big multiple-effect of these binding agents need be toasted and be realized sclerosis.Production efficiency is low, energy consumption is high, and working condition is abominable.Along with the development of chemical industry, artificial synthetic binder obtains develop rapidly.Nineteen fifty waterglass CO
2Method begins to use; Played acid cure phenolic resins in 1958 and acid-curing furan resin is widely used in production in succession; Hot box process came out in 1962; Phenolic aldehyde urea alkane blew the amine cold-box process and came into operation nineteen sixty-eight; From then on begun the competition development of cold-box and hot box.Nineteen sixty-eight, waterglass organic ester self-hardening sand began to promote the use of; The urethane resin self-hardening sand came out in 1970; SO in 1977
2Cold-box process is come out; Ester in 1984 solidifies the alkalescent phenol resin self-hardening sand and the VRH method is used for producing; The alkalescent phenol resin air blowing cold core box process of low toxicity in 1985, low smell is introduced and is produced.
More than these moulding (core) technology promoted the progress of foundry engieering, wherein many technologies are accounting for this example of bigger application in the Foundry Production at present.Guaranteed the flourishing and development of Foundry Production.Along with the development of environmental science, people more and more pay attention to the environmental pollution that causes in the industrial production, and one of Foundry Production industry that to be industrial pollution heavier.The main poisonous substance that pernicious gas, dust, the antiquated sand that moulding (core) is discharged in foundry production with artificial synthetic binder contains has: SO
2, formaldehyde, phenol, amine gas, benzene, isocyanide compound etc.These nuisances more and more cause people's attention to the pollution of environment.
Waterglass is one of raw material of environmental pollution minimum in present moulding (core) the usefulness binding agent.But there are many technological difficulties in waterglass moulding (core) technology in the past.At waterglass CO
2In the technology, waterglass addition height, intensity is low, and collapsibility is bad, and casting quality is low, the cleaning difficulty.Waterglass VRH method has remedied waterglass CO
2The shortcoming of method, but strict to vacuum equipment, general vacuum requires 1.33～2.67 * 10
3Pa (calculates with absolute pressure, as follows) between, equipment is installed the initial stage, and production technology is more stable, but after equipment uses a period of time, because of the problem of aspects such as equipment attrition and maintenance, make equipment not reach technological requirement, cause moulding (core) cycle long, molding intensity is low, 24h intensity is low, and casting wasted product rate height causes sometimes and can't start.Therefore the popularization of VRH method is subjected to certain limitation.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum displacement moulding method, it requires lower to equipment, and the pollution level of environment greatly reduces, and can guarantee higher production efficiency.
The invention provides a kind of vacuum displacement moulding (core) method, comprise mulling, moulding, vacuumize, inflation, molding step, it is characterized in that:
(1) 100 parts of foundry sands and 0.5～10 part of waterglass, 0.05～1.5 part of organic ester (in mass) are mixed, charge into sandbox (core box) moulding;
(2) extract the interior air of sandbox (core box) out, vacuum reaches 0.01～0.09MPa;
(3) charge into the gaseous mixture that concentration is 5～100% (by volume) methyl formates and air or nitrogen, make the sandbox internal gas pressure rise to 0.05～0.098MPa, pressurize 20～240 seconds;
(4) release molding.
The foundry sand that the present invention relates to is generally casting silica sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, forsterite sand, slag sand and various artificial sand, and wherein the most frequently used is washing natural silica Sand, scouring natural silica Sand.
With waterglass or various modified water glass, modulus of water glass (contains SiO to the waterglass that the present invention uses as conventional cast
2And Na
2The mol ratio of O) be 1.5～3.0.Wherein the most frequently used modulus of water glass is 2.2～2.6.Per 100 parts of foundry sands preferably add 1～5 part of waterglass.
The organic ester that the present invention relates to comprises: the fatty acid ester of polyalcohol, lactone, carbonic ester, and the fatty acid carbons chain length can be 1～10; Can be single acid esters, also can be the mixed ester of several acid.Wherein the most frequently used is polyalcohol acetates such as glycerol acetate, glyceryl diacetate, triacetin, ethylene diacetate, propane diols acetate, diethylene glycol (DEG) acetate.Per 100 parts of foundry sands preferably add 0.1～0.75 part of organic ester.
Above-mentioned ester can adopt separately, also the mixture of available several esters.
The methyl formate mist that the present invention uses is the mist of methyl formate and air or nitrogen, and methyl formate concentration is 5～100% (by volumes), and optimum concentration is 40～65%.
The sand blender that the present invention uses can adopt common self-hardening sand with continous way or the efficient puddle mixer of batch (-type), and optimum is the bowl-type puddle mixer.
The vacuum gas displacement apparatus that the present invention adopts can adopt existing VRH equipment, or is equipped with the cold-box core blower of vacuum displacement system, or specialized designs has the equipment of above-mentioned functions.
The feeder of the mist of methyl formate of the present invention can adopt the cold-box of existing all size methyl formate steam generator.As unit methyl formate steam generator formula multimachine methyl formate air supply system.
The methyl formate gaseous mixture that the difference of the present invention and VRH method is to use low toxicity, low flavor carries out quick-hardening to waterglass, improves molding intensity, thereby guaranteed moulding (core) efficient, after molding, organic ester can make type (core) intensity continue to increase, and finally obtains desirable type (core).
In a word, the present invention has following advantage:
1. the vacuum displacement device is similar to the VRH method, but not strict to the vacuum requirement, with methyl formate replaced C O
2Realize the quick-hardening molding, cooperate conventional organic ester, can raising type (core) deposit intensity and hard saturating property.
2. the sodium silicate binder source is wide, and low price is nonpoisonous and tasteless, helps protecting environment, improves working conditions.
3. displacement can be handled and directly enter the workshop with the low flavor of gas low toxicity (limit content is 100ppm in the air), saves tail gas treatment device investment and relevant device maintenance cost.
4. compare with VRH technology, addition is low, the intensity height, and collapsibility is good, can satisfy the technological requirement of GENERAL TYPE (core).
5. do not contain N, P, S element in the adhesive system, can guarantee the quality of various alloy-steel castings.
6. binding agent can adapt with various roughing sand, as: silica sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, forsterite sand.
7. there is thermoplasticity at type (core) the cast initial stage, can prevent that foundry goods from producing hot tearing.
8. organic matter is few in the binding agent, and gas forming amount is low, can prevent that foundry goods from producing pore.
Below by embodiment and Comparative Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Check binding agent (in mass 1000g with normal sand, as follows) add SHY type blade mixer, add triacetyl glycerine 2g again and mix 1min, adding modulus again is 2.4 waterglass 25g, mixed 1min shakes out, and (the sample neck directly is of a size of 5 with the sand compound standard of making into " 8 " shape sample
1/2* 5
1/2Mm).Sample is sent into VRH method vacuum chamber together with mould, vacuumize, make gas pressure in vacuum reach 0.05MPa, close the vacuum air valve, open purge valve, making temperature is that 50 ℃, concentration are that 60% methyl formate air gas mixture charges into vacuum chamber, making the vacuum chamber internal gas pressure is 0.09MPa, closes purge valve, leaves standstill pressurize 120S, remove vacuum, open vacuum chamber, take out the mould sample, the tensile strength that molding is surveyed instant tensile strength and placed different time sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
1000g Da Lin washing silica sand is added SHY type puddle mixer, add glycerol acetate and the diethylene glycol (DEG) acetate mixed 1min of 2g altogether, add modulus again and be 2.45 waterglass 20g and mix 1min, shake out, the sand compound is added blasting unit, air pressure is used the Z861 core shooter under 0.6MPa, sand is injected cold-box with standard " 8 " sample mould, seal and penetrate sand mouth and exhaust outlet, open extraction valve, make the mould internal gas pressure drop to 0.06MPa, close vacuum system, open purge valve, make 50 ℃ of temperature, 60% methyl formate and nitrogen mixture body charge into core box, the box internal gas pressure rises to 0.09MPa, close purge valve, leave standstill pressurize 120S, open box and take out " 8 " type sample, the tensile strength of measuring box tensile strength and placing different time sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3,4,5,6 all adopts example 1 usefulness device and normal sand, and waterglass and organic ester addition see Table 1, and operating procedure is with example 1, and its technological parameter sees Table 1.Table 1
| Sequence number | Roughing sand | Waterglass | Organic ester addition (g) | Vacuum pressure MPa | Back pressure MPa blows | Dwell time S | Tensile strength MPa | |||
| Classification | Addition (g) | Modulus | Addition (g) | Molding | ????24h | |||||
| Example 1 | Normal sand | 1000 | ?2.4 | ????25 | ?2.0 | ?0.05 | ?0.09 | ?120 | ?0.35 | ????0.7 |
| Example 2 | The Da Lin washed-out sand | 1000 | ?2.45 | ????20 | ?2.0 | ?0.06 | ?0.09 | ?120 | ?0.41 | ????0.6 |
| Example 3 | Normal sand | 1000 | ?2.5 | ????15 | ?1.5 | ?0.08 | ?0.09 | ?120 | ?0.2 | ????0.5 |
| Example 4 | Normal sand | 1000 | ?2.5 | ????20 | ?2.0 | ?0.06 | ?0.09 | ?120 | ?0.28 | ????0.62 |
| Example 5 | Normal sand | 1000 | ?2.5 | ????25 | ?2.5 | ?0.05 | ?0.09 | ?120 | ?0.4 | ????0.85 |
| Example 6 | Normal sand | 1000 | ?2.5 | ????30 | ?3.0 | ?0.01 | ?0.098 | ?120 | ?0.5 | ????1.15 |
Embodiment 7,8,9,10 adopts example 1 to use device, adopts different roughing sand, and operating procedure is with example 1, and its technological parameter sees Table 2.Table 2
| Sequence number | Roughing sand | Waterglass | Organic ester addition (g) | Vacuum pressure MPa | Back pressure MPa blows | Dwell time S | Tensile strength MPa | |||
| Classification | Addition (g) | Modulus | Addition (g) | Molding | ????24h | |||||
| Example 7 | Marine site sand | 1000 | ?2.4 | ????25 | ?2.5 | ?0.04 | ?0.08 | ?90 | ?0.3 | ????0.6 |
| Example 8 | Chromite sand | 1000 | ?2.4 | ????16 | ?2.0 | ?0.04 | ?0.08 | ?90 | ?0.3 | ????0.7 |
| Example 9 | Forsterite sand | 1000 | ?2.4 | ????30 | ?3.0 | ?0.04 | ?0.08 | ?90 | ?0.25 | ????0.65 |
| Example 10 | Dongshan sand | 1000 | ?2.4 | ????25 | ?2.5 | ?0.04 | ?0.08 | ?90 | ?0.4 | ????0.78 |
Embodiment 11
Check binding agent to add SHY type blade mixer with normal sand 1000g, add mixed ester 2.4g again and mix 1min, adding modulus again is 2.2 waterglass 30g, and mixed 1min shakes out, with the sand compound standard of making into " 8 " type sample (with example 1).Sample is sent into VRH method vacuum chamber together with mould, vacuumize, make vacuum pressure reach 0.02MPa, close the vacuum air valve, open purge valve, making temperature is 65 ℃, concentration is that 90% methyl esters methyl esters and Air mixing gas charge into vacuum chamber, makes the vacuum chamber internal gas pressure rise to 0.08MPa.Take out " 8 " type sample after leaving standstill pressurize, the tensile strength of measuring box tensile strength and placing different time, each relevant technological parameter sees Table 3.
Table 3
| Sequence number | Normal sand | Waterglass | Organic ester addition (g) | Methyl formate concentration % | Mist temperature ℃ | Vacuum pressure MPa | Back pressure MPa blows | Dwell time S | Tensile strength MPa | |
| ????g | ????g | Molding | ????24h | |||||||
| Example 11 | ?1000 | ????30 | ?2.4 | ?90 | ?65 | ?0.02 | ?0.08 | ?20 | ?0.35 | ????0.8 |
| ?30 | ?0.40 | ????0.78 | ||||||||
| ?60 | ?0.45 | ????0.75 | ||||||||
Comparative Examples 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5:
Check binding agent to add SHY type blade mixer with normal sand 1000g, add modulus again and be 2.5 waterglass, addition is referring to table 4, and mixed 2min shakes out, with the water-glass sand compound standard of making into " 8 " shape sample.Sample is sent into vacuum chamber together with mould, start vavuum pump, make the vacuum chamber internal gas pressure reach 0.01～0.002MPa, pressurize 10s charges into CO
2Gas makes the vacuum chamber internal gas pressure rise to 0.06MPa, pressurize 40s, and release, molding respectively has related parameter to see Table 4.
Table 4
| Comparative Examples number | Roughing sand | Waterglass | Vacuum pressure MPa | Blow CO 2Back pressure MPa | Dwell time S | Tensile strength MPa | |||
| Classification | Addition (g) | Modulus | Addition (g) | Molding | ?24h | ||||
| To 1 | Normal sand | ????1000 | ?2.5 | ????25 | ?0.01 | ?0.06 | ?40 | ?0.20 | ?0.31 |
| To 2 | Normal sand | ????1000 | ?2.5 | ????30 | ?0.01 | ?0.06 | ?40 | ?0.22 | ?0.32 |
| To 3 | Normal sand | ????1000 | ?2.5 | ????35 | ?0.01 | ?0.06 | ?40 | ?0.25 | ?0.38 |
| To 4 | Normal sand | ????1000 | ?2.5 | ????40 | ?0.01 | ?0.06 | ?40 | ?0.32 | ?0.41 |
| To 5 | Normal sand | ????1000 | ?2.5 | ????25 | ?0.002 | ?0.06 | ?40 | ?0.21 | ?0.65 |
Claims (8)
1. a vacuum displacement moulding (core) method comprises mulling, moulding, vacuumizes, inflation, molding step, it is characterized in that:
(1) 100 parts of foundry sands and 0.5～10 part of waterglass, 0.05～1.5 part of organic ester (in mass) are mixed, charge into sandbox (core box) moulding;
(2) extract air in the sandbox out, vacuum reaches 0.01～0.09MPa;
(3) charge into the gaseous mixture that concentration is 5～100% (by volume) methyl formates and air or nitrogen, make the sandbox internal gas pressure rise to 0.05～0.098MPa, pressurize 20～240 seconds;
(4) release molding.
2. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described foundry sand is casting silica sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, magnesium olive sand, slag sand or various artificial sand.
3. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: 100 parts of foundry sands and 1～5 part of waterglass, 0.1～0.75 part of organic ester are mixed.
4. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: used modulus of water glass is 1.5～3.0.
5. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: modulus of water glass is 2.2～2.6.
6. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: organic ester is fatty acid ester, lactone, the carbonic ester of polyalcohol, and the fatty acid carbons chain length is 1～10.
7. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: organic ester is glycerol acetate, glyceryl diacetate, triacetin, ethylene diacetate, propane diols acetate, diethylene glycol (DEG) acetate.
8. according to the described vacuum displacement moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concentration that charges into the mist of methyl formate and air or nitrogen is 40%～65%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98114348A CN1061911C (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Vacuum displacement moulding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98114348A CN1061911C (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Vacuum displacement moulding method |
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| CN1212913A true CN1212913A (en) | 1999-04-07 |
| CN1061911C CN1061911C (en) | 2001-02-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN98114348A Expired - Fee Related CN1061911C (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Vacuum displacement moulding method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102107262A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-06-29 | 青岛双星铸造机械有限公司 | Horizontal parting automatic molding machine for double-face template |
| CN103464677A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 绵阳六合机械制造有限公司 | Model used for producing integrated main bearing cover and manufacturing method and application of model |
| CN103567355A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | Organic ester sodium silicate self-hardening sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN104084524A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-08 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | Carbon steel valve casting process |
| WO2015090269A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Method for producing moulds and cores for metal casting, using a carbonyl compound, and moulds and cores produced according to said method |
| CN107737904A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-27 | 苏州市天星山精密模具有限公司 | A kind of casting technique for being used to prepare injection mold |
| CN110395995A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-01 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Based on the molding ceramic preparation of modified sodium silicate binder 3D printing |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1017031B (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-06-17 | 东南大学 | Moulding technology with compound water-glass sand for casting base of enamal bathtub |
| CN1065418A (en) * | 1992-05-28 | 1992-10-21 | 清华大学 | Heating, vacuum replacement hardening process core manufacturing craft and equipment |
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 CN CN98114348A patent/CN1061911C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102107262A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-06-29 | 青岛双星铸造机械有限公司 | Horizontal parting automatic molding machine for double-face template |
| CN102107262B (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2013-06-19 | 青岛双星铸造机械有限公司 | Horizontal parting automatic molding machine for double-face template |
| CN103464677A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 绵阳六合机械制造有限公司 | Model used for producing integrated main bearing cover and manufacturing method and application of model |
| CN103464677B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-07-15 | 绵阳六合机械制造有限公司 | Model used for producing integrated main bearing cover and manufacturing method and application of model |
| CN103567355A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | Organic ester sodium silicate self-hardening sand and preparation method thereof |
| WO2015090269A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Method for producing moulds and cores for metal casting, using a carbonyl compound, and moulds and cores produced according to said method |
| CN106061649A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-10-26 | Ask化学品股份有限公司 | Method for producing moulds and cores for metal casting, using a carbonyl compound, and moulds and cores produced according to said method |
| US10773297B2 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2020-09-15 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Method, using a carbonyl compound, for producing moulds and cores for metal casting, and the moulds and cores produced thereby |
| CN104084524A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-08 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | Carbon steel valve casting process |
| CN107737904A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-27 | 苏州市天星山精密模具有限公司 | A kind of casting technique for being used to prepare injection mold |
| CN110395995A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-01 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Based on the molding ceramic preparation of modified sodium silicate binder 3D printing |
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|---|---|
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