CN1206716A

CN1206716A - Preparation of granulocyte colony stimulation factor

Info

Publication number: CN1206716A
Application number: CN 98103011
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金磊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Changchun Genscience Pharmaceuticals Co Ltd
Priority date: 1998-07-13
Filing date: 1998-07-13
Publication date: 1999-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 2018-07-13
Also published as: CN1101403C

Abstract

The preparation method of G-CSF includes the following steps: constituting coil-gene engineering bacillus characterized by A: defective series special proteinase, ensure that the secreted protein can not be degraded; and B: possessing fragile cell adventitia, can make the secreted protein be able to be released by means of hypotonic freeze-thawing process, thallus fermentation and culture and purification and secretion to obtain G-CSF.

Description

The preparation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

The present invention relates to the preparation of polypeptide drugs, particularly relate to the preparation of G-CSF, specifically adopt gene recombination technology to prepare the method for secretor type Filgrastim (G-CSF).This method comprises processes such as the structure, thalline fermentation culture, protein purification of G-CSF genetic engineering bacterium.Adopt this method to prepare G-CSF, technology is simple, stable, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production, the product of producing, and its structure and biological activity and natural G-CSF are in full accord.

Filgrastim (G-CSF) is that a kind of neutrophil leucocyte that can promote is bred and differentiation, keeps the important Hemopoietic factor of the normal immunologic function of human body.As far back as the seventies, it is found that vitro tissue cells and supernatant, opzyme and some can be in the clones of external long term growth, can produce some stimulates white corpuscle precursor propagation, is differentiated to form the active substance of colony, and is referred to as G CFS (Colony stimulating factor CSF).1977, people first from mouse lung organization condition nutrient solution separation and purification go out to stimulate granulocyte and macrophage colony to form, molecular weight is the glycoprotein of single composition, and with its called after GM-CSF (Burgess et al, 1977.) nineteen eighty-three, people such as Nicola isolate a kind of CSF that can stimulate granular leukocyte colony to form specifically again from the mouse lung organization condition nutrient solution that stimulated through intracellular toxin, and called after G-CSF (Nicola et al, 1983).1985, Welte was purified into Filgrastim (G-CSF) (Welte etal, 1985) first, and soon, people such as Souza clone its gene again, and it is successfully expressed in E.Coli.Though the reorganization G-CSF molecule of expressing among the E.Coli is not with polysaccharide, have and the identical extracorporeal biology activity of natural G-CSF (Souza etal, 1986).Since the mid-80, along with the clone of G-CSF gene and in the success of vivoexpression, people are able to its molecular structure and biological function are carried out extensively and profoundly research, and formally be applied to it clinical the beginning of the nineties, treatment comprises that neutrophil leucocyte reduces due to the chemotherapy radiotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, myelodysplastisches syndromes (MDS), neutrophil leucocyte reduces due to the aplastic anemia, illnesss such as AIDS disease.The discovery of G-CSF and clinical application are called as the 3rd milestone of drug research in this century.

Because G-CSF has huge clinical value, adopt advanced genetic engineering technique to produce, reduce production costs, improving the quality of products seems very important.G-CSF is the inclusion body technology what expression in escherichia coli adopted at present, it becomes the not bioactive inclusion body of tool at expression in escherichia coli earlier with G-CSF, then by the inclusion body renaturation process, make it to revert to form with biologic activity, this process length consuming time, complex process, yield is low, product N-end is Duoed a methionine(Met) than natural product, and its stability and biologic activity are all not as natural product.

By research repeatedly, we have invented the unique technique of secreting, expressing G-CSF in intestinal bacteria.This cover technical matters is simple, rate of recovery height, and production cost is low, and the cycle is short, and gained G-CSF and natural G-CSF have on all four albumen primary sequence.Its good stability, and have the biologic activity equal with natural product, solved problems of the prior art.

The invention provides a kind of with special intestinal bacteria fungus strain be carrier the expression engineering bacteria, this engineering bacteria has following characteristics: (1) its Partial Protein enzyme gene is suddenlyd change, thereby makes some be easy to be protected by the protein product that intestinal bacteria are degraded; (2) general intestinal bacteria are easier breaks for its adventitia, thereby during purification of target albumen, help the release of target protein from thalline.Aspect the structure of expression plasmid, have following characteristics: (1) has added the secreting signal peptide of e. coli protein before the target protein gene.This signal peptide can form fusion rotein with target protein when the translation of target protein, and can make target protein from intracellular transport to the bacterium in the intercellular substance between the adventitia, and in the process of transhipment, the bacterium signal peptide is excised automatically, the final target protein that in intercellular substance, obtains to have natural biological activity and albumen primary sequence.(2) adopt a class promotor, the intensity of this class promotor should be progressively to strengthen along with constantly carrying out of fermentation, this is because the secretor type most important character is target protein correctly can be folded into native conformation, and the protein folding process need regular hour, therefore should control the promotor toggle speed during bacterial growth, guarantee that target protein speed that produces and the speed that it folds can be complementary.

The present invention also provides a kind of employing secretor type technology, and is the method for bacterial strain production G-CSF with above-mentioned expression engineering bacteria.One of key problem in technology of present method is to control lower leavening temperature, adopt this technology can improve fermentation yield, secretion speed is slowed down, make oozy albumen all have correct conformation and higher biologic activity, also reduce the probability that albumen is degraded simultaneously; Two of the key problem in technology of present method is when albumen is purified, at first adopt the hypotonic way of low temperature to destroy bacterial outer membrane (not destroying the bacterium inner membrance), oozy albumen is discharged in the damping fluid, because cytolemma is not destroyed, so intravital a large amount of foreign proteins of bacterium and DNA etc. can separate with target protein from the beginning.After this, adopt (NH ₄) ₂SO ₄Precipitation can be removed a large amount of foreign proteins in conjunction with the way of isoelectric precipitation, and the purity that makes target protein after the amount, is used sieve chromatography near 70% successively; Cation exchange column chromatography; Desalination; The purifying way of anion exchange chromatography, the G-CSF of acquisition purity＞99%.Active and the stable level that reaches natural G-CSF of product.Implementation step of the present invention is as follows: step 1, the clone hG-CSFcDNA of the structure 1.G-CSF gene of expression plasmid can adopt the preparation of RT-PCR method.2. the structure of expression vector is according to the art of wanting of expression vector cloning site, design corresponding restriction enzyme site respectively in 5 ' end and 3 ' the end PCR primer, 5 ' end primer is behind the restriction enzyme site and be the oligonucleotide of one section bacterioprotein signal peptide between the cDNA nuclei originis thuja acid of G-CSF, should attention design in proper order during design of primers, finally should make last codon of signal peptide and terminal first amino acid whose codon of N-F of G-CSF closely connect, can go into the fusion rotein of a signal peptide and G-CSF during translation.In this expression plasmid, should adopt a class special promoter, this class promotor intensity should be to strengthen along with constantly carrying out of fermentation, this is because the most important speciality of secretor type is target protein correctly can be folded into natural conformation, and the protein folding process need regular hour, therefore should control the promotor toggle speed during bacterial growth, guarantee that target protein speed that produces and the speed that it folds can be complementary.To T7, Lac and temperature-sensitive promotor, in a single day they be activated, intensity and promptly very strong, and promptly produce a large amount of target proteins, and these target proteins have little time normal folding usually, and therefore, the expressed proteins major part exists with the inclusion body form in these systems.Step 2, expression should be selected a kind of expression-secretion type protein colon bacillus K12 series bacterial classification that is suitable for for use with the structure of engineering bacteria, its adventitia of this bacterial classification is comparatively fragile, the albumen that is easy to will be stored in the adventitia by the simple physics chemical treatment when purifying discharges, and its inner membrance should be not destroyed in this process, G-CSF should adopt the way of homologous recombination to remove a series of proteolytic enzyme to these bacterial classifications, so that can not be degraded after expression.Step 3, the fermentation 1 of G-CSF engineering bacteria, fermention medium fermention medium should be determined to fill a prescription according to selected promotor is different, as should select to contain the lower substratum of tryptophane when adopting the trp promotor, if adopt the phoA promotor, then should select low-phosphorous substratum.2, the selection of leavening temperature fermentation culture temperature should be considered the stability of target protein in intercellular substance simultaneously, simultaneously, take into account incubation time and protein expression speed again, under similarity condition, incubation time is shortened as far as possible, to shorten the time that target protein is exposed to the proteolytic enzyme in the intercellular substance, protein expression speed should make expression speed, target protein folding rate and the target protein time the matter between the inner membrance transporte to cells mates mutually, thereby make all albumen that give expression to be secreted in the intercellular substance with normal space conformation, minimum with the albumen that the inclusion body form exists.3, dissolved oxygen condition dissolved oxygen is one of key link of controlled target protein expression, the target protein that gives expression to is all as much as possible to be secreted in the intercellular substance in order to make, should make bacterium keep sufficient aerobic metabolism upgrowth situation as far as possible, therefore, when secretion type expression, keep big as far as possible D02, fully satisfying bacterium, to produce needed oxygen be very important.4, the different pH value of pH value is expressed not directly influence test discovery for G-CSF, when hanging down PH, the albumen that gives expression to does not have polymerization substantially, and when higher PH, as seen a small amount of protein polymer is arranged, should be chosen under the prerequisite that does not influence bacterial growth with the pH value of lower PH as cultivation.Step 4, protein purification 1, cracking thalline secretor type G-CSF mainly secretes (periplasm in the intercellular substance between intestinal bacteria adventitia and inner membrance, about 95%), therefore how when the cracking thalline, should to consider a smudge cells adventitia and not influence inner membrance, thereby can extract all oozy G-CSF to greatest extent, and don't be subjected to the influence of foreign protein (especially proteolytic enzyme) and nucleic acid in the cell, experiment showed, adopt hypotonic freeze thawing effectively extracting go out oozy G-CSF (yield＞90%) and don't influence the cell inner membrance.The PH of hypotonic solution can be acid or alkaline, and volume is generally 7-8 times of thalline wet weight.2, the way of being considered when the protein purification of saltouing is initial is normally saltoutd, and can very simply promptly remove a large amount of foreign proteins like this, and G-CSF is the very strong protein of a kind of hydrophobicity, very responsive to inorganic salt, and this susceptibility is different with different PH.When saltouing, we consider that this specific factor taked the way that two steps saltoutd, and adopt different types of inorganic salt respectively, and under different PH, saltout, after saltouing, the purity of G-CSF can reach about 70% in the precipitation, and has removed a large amount of pigment moleculars.3, in the G-CSF sample after the refining pure product are saltoutd, still have many impurity, be mainly pigment, foreign protein, nucleic acid and thermal source.When the design chromatography is consummate, can select different media for use, to remove dissimilar impurity, also to consider the precedence that different media is used simultaneously, so that improve the yield of chromatography to greatest extent, reduce intermediate steps.Through experiment repeatedly, we adopt molecular sieve, Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin, purification process such as desalination.Molecular sieve column is mainly used in the foreign protein and the part of heat energy of separation of high molecular weight; Ion exchange resin is used to remove other foreign proteins, nucleic acid, thermal source and a little remaining foreign protein.Such purifying combination, intermediate steps is few, and purifying rate height, yield can reach about 35%, and last purity can reach 99%, has very high industrial production and is worth.

Below be embodiment, embodiments of the invention should be as limitation of the present invention embodiment: one, our the initial plasmid that is used for the construction expression plasmid of plasmid PST construction process is the PST II, its structure comprises acid phosphatase promotor (PhoA), the translational enhancer sequence, the SD sequence, the TET resistant gene, replication orgin and be used to secrete the signal peptide gene sequence of usefulness, it derives from its amino acid of bacterial endotoxin Protein S T II along being: MKKNIAFLLASIATNAAY2, expression can adopt the amplification of RT-PCR method preparation (2) G-CSF cDNA to adopt the PCR method with the clone G-CSFcDNA of structure (1) G-CSFcDNA of plasmid PGCSF/W3110, the method of PCR design of primers is: according to the requirement of expression vector cloning site, in 5 ' end and 3 ' end PCR primer, design mlul and 2 restriction enzyme sites of BamH I respectively, 5 ' end primer is behind the mlu I site and be one between the rhGCSFcDNA nuclei originis thuja acid, the oligonucleotide of section ST II signal peptide, its order and order (5 oligonucleotides) complete corresponding in plasmid PST II.Like this behind the clone sequence of signal peptide to recover fully.Other 3 ' end PCR primer design before BamH I point to be had-and Sal I point of contact is used for cloning, and specifically sequence is as follows: Bakward primer (5 ' holds the PCR primer): 5 ' ACCTAG ACT AC GGA TCC AAC GATGTC GAC TCA GGG CTG GGC AAGGTG

The structure amplification synthetic rhG-CSF cDNA and the plasmid PST I of BamH I Sal I GCSF C-end GCG3 ' (3) expression vector all connect conversion DH5a competence after BamH I enzyme is cut digestion, by screening, interstitial granules PG-CSF1 in the acquisition.Middle interstitial granules PG-CSF1 obtains containing the segment of G-CSF and ST II signal peptide with Spe I and the digestion of Sal I, PHGH obtains containing the Tet resistant gene with Spe I and the digestion of Xho I, the segment of alkaline phosphatase mover and P15 replication orgin Ori, two segments are connected with ligase enzyme, transform the DH5a competence by screening, obtain final the expression and use plasmid PG-CSF.PG-CSF promptly obtains to express engineering bacteria PG-CSF/W3110 two after transforming the W3110 competence, the manufacturing 1 fermention medium of G-CSF we to select fermentation for use be semisynthetic medium with cultivation, its prescription is: (1) MgSO ₄₇H ₂O 18g (2) inorganic salt mixt

NaH ₂PO ₄·2H ₂O 13．5g

K ₂HPO ₄·3H ₂O 33g

(NH ₄) ₂SO ₄70g (3) glucose 15g

Peptone 54g

Yeast powder 75g (4) liquid microelement

FeCl ₃·6H ₂O 27g

CoCl ₃·6H ₂O 2g

H ₃BO ₅ 2g

Na ₂MoO ₄·2H ₂O 7g

ZnSO ₄·7H ₂O 8g

CuSO ₄·5H ₂O 8g

MnSO ₄·H ₂O 5g 1M?HCl 100ml

Add water to 1L, getting continues to flow between 15ml use yeast phase adds 50% glucose.

2, culture condition

(1) temperature: the initial stage is 37 ℃, after progressively reduce to 30 ℃.

(2) dissolved oxygen: we make DO during the fermentation all the time ₂Be in about 25%, must possess following condition for this reason:

A. increase air flow at any time, especially after bacterium enters logarithmic phase;

B. keep than low glucose concentrations, make bacterial growth unlikely too fast,, should control the amount of the glucose of adding especially in logarithmic phase;

C. improve mixing speed.When initial since bacterial density lower, should not use excessive speeds, enter logarithmic phase after, DO ₂Descend rapidly, increasing rotating speed can cooperate with the increase air flow, makes DO ₂Unlikelyly fall lowly excessively; In the logarithmic phase later stage, though bacterial metabolism slow down because cell density is big, so also need maintain high rotational speed always.

(3) pH value; 6.2-6.93, the collection G-CSF of thalline generally begins to express (about 12 hours) during to later stage of logarithmic phase at bacterial growth, but because expression speed is than steamed bun, so should keep the continuous growth of bacterium (being no less than about 12 hours) after the logarithmic phase, expression can constantly be carried out, increase expression rate.After 27 hours, the part thalline begins death, and substratum PH begins slow rising, and this moment should centrifugal as early as possible collection thalline.We adopt CEPA successive type whizzer, and 4 ℃, 20,000 change, and centrifugal process promptly all finishes after 20 minutes, immediately thalline is placed-80 ℃ of refrigerator-freezers.For guaranteeing that thalline deep refrigeration promptly should be pressed into sheet with thalline, freezing more than 24 hours.

4, the freezing-thawing and cracking thalline we adopt 8 ℃ 10mM TRIS.PH8.0 damping fluid, volume be the thalline wet weight 7-8 doubly.Stirred 2 hours under than the mild stirring condition, centrifugal with the successive type whizzer, 4 ℃, 20,000 change, and 30 minutes, collect supernatant, electrophoretic examinations can find that GCSF purity has reached about 40% in the supernatant liquor, does not have G-CSF in residue substantially.

5, saltout

(1) ammonium sulfate precipitation we to adopt saturation ratio be 45% ammonium sulfate, guarantee to reclaim exhausted big number G-CSF and don't be settled out too much foreign protein.After centrifugal, the purity of G-CSF can reach about 55% in the precipitation, and has removed a large amount of pigment moleculars.

(2) the sodium-chlor precipitation is collected ammonium sulfate precipitation, after the G-CSF dissolving, adds sodium-chlor again and transfers to 2M, centrifugal collecting precipitation.After centrifugal, the purity of G-CSF can reach about 70% in the precipitation.

6, refining pure product

(1) molecular sieve purification we adopt the Sephacryl S-100 post of 5.0*100cm, damping fluid is 10mM HAC-NaAc, 0.05M NaCl, PH4.0, last sample volume is about 3%, flow velocity 120ml/h, target protein content accounts for about 90% in the sample of purifying.

(2) CMSepharose adopts the 5*40cm post, the about 200ml of bed volume, sample-loading buffer 10mM Hac, pH4.0,0.05MNaCl, sample is adsorbed on the post entirely, use 10mM HAc, pH4.0 is after the 0.16MNaCl wash-out goes out foreign protein, use 0.25MNaCl instead the GCSF peak is washed out, the purity that washes out the peak can reach gets over about 95%.

(3) DEAF-Sepharose-EF albumen that the CM-Sepharose wash-out is gone out with the G25 desalination after, directly go up DEA-Sepharose-FF (5*20cm post, column volume 200ml), the direct stream of GCSF is worn.

7, product purity is identified

(1) silver dyes SDS-PAGE employing ammonia silver method, identifies that through scanning purity can reach 99%.

(2) molecular sieve HPIC adopts the ProteinPAK125 post, and purity is 100%.

(3) biological activity is identified and is adopted the NSF-60 cell strain to identify, and (filgrastim Kirin-Amgen) compares, and as seen it reaches 2.2*10U/mg than living with import G-CSF.Surpass about 1.5 times of Felgrastim.

(4) the terminal evaluation of N-adopted the Edmam edman degradation Edman, and the result confirms with natural G-CSF in full accord.

The cloning process of PST II: 1, PCR clone bacterial phosphatse (alkaline) phoA promoter

Primer

BACKWARD5’TCT?AGTATA?CAG?GAA?TTC?AAC?TTC?TCC?ATA?CTT?TGG?ATA?AGG?3’

EcoRl

FORWARD5’GTA?GCG?ATA?TTC?ACT?AGT?TAC?AAA?TAC?ATT?AAA?AAA?TAA?AAA?CAAAGC Spe?I2、Scheme?primerl _ 2 ClaI

SpeI primer3 primer4

Primer?15’CT?AGT?ATG?AAA?AAG?AAT?ATC?GCA?TTT?CTT?GCA?TCT?ATG?TTC

SpeI?Met

Primer25’GTT?TTT?TC?ATT?GCT?ACA?AAT?GCC?TAT?GCA?AT?3’

Primer35’AAT?AGA?AA?AAC?GAA?CAT?AGA?TGC?AAG?AAG?AAA?TGC?GAT?ATT?CT?TTTCAT?A3’

Primer4

5’CG?AT?TGC?ATA?GGC?ATT?GT?AGC3’

Claims

1. coli strain is characterized in that:

A. a series of special proteolytic enzyme of defective are not degraded to guarantee oozy albumen,

B. have fragile epicyte, oozy albumen can be discharged by the way of hypotonic freeze thawing

2. the described coli strain of claim 1 includes a kind of protein expressing plasmid, and this plasmid can be with the human G-CSF protein excretion in the intercellular substance between Bacillus coli cells adventitia and the inner membrance.

3. the described coli strain of claim 2 is characterized in that: cultivate the oozy human G-CSF in back, purified, its N-end is not degraded more than 95%, and biologic activity is not less than 2.2 * 10 ⁸U/mg, purity is dyed the evaluation of SDS-PAGE method by HPLC method and silver and is not less than 99%.

4. prepare the method for human G-CSF with the described coli strain of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

A. make up the described genetic engineering bacterium of claim 1,

B. thalline fermentation culture,

C. the purifying secreted human G-CSF albumen that goes out.

5. contained protein expressing plasmid in the described intestinal bacteria of claim 2.

6. the construction process of the described protein expressing plasmid of claim 5.