CN1202871A - Improved carbon electrode materials for lithium battery cell and method of making same - Google Patents

Improved carbon electrode materials for lithium battery cell and method of making same Download PDF

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CN1202871A
CN1202871A CN96198502A CN96198502A CN1202871A CN 1202871 A CN1202871 A CN 1202871A CN 96198502 A CN96198502 A CN 96198502A CN 96198502 A CN96198502 A CN 96198502A CN 1202871 A CN1202871 A CN 1202871A
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J·张
A·A·阿纳尼
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Motorola Solutions Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
    • C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
    • C01P2004/88—Thick layer coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

A method for preparing an amorphous carbon material for use as an electrode, such as the anode of an electrochemical cell. The amorphous carbon is fabricated in a one heating step process from multi-functional organic monomers. The material is then reheated in the presence of a lithium salt such as LiNO3, Li3PO4 or LiOH. Electrodes so fabricated may be incorporated into electrochemical cells (10) as the anode (20) thereof.

Description

Be used for lithium cell improvement carbon electrode material and production method thereof
The application relates to people's such as Zhang name and submits and transfer Motorola to September 27 nineteen ninety-five, the United States Patent (USP) series number 08/534,427 of Inc., and the content of this patent disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to be used for the field of the electrode and the material of electrochemical cell, and be particularly related to the method for synthetic described electrode and material.
Make portablely day by day along with electron device and other electrical equipment, accumulator system is made progress so that make this portability become possibility.Really, the situation of modern electronic technology is the size and the weight of relevant energy storage device to the limiting factor of given device portability often like this.Obviously,, can make small-sized energy storage device, but this to be a cost to sacrifice energy for given electrical equipment.On the contrary, can make the durable energy, still, it is not easy to carry too greatly.The result be this energy or volume too greatly, too heavy, or lasting inadequately.The main energy storage device that is used for portable electric appts is an electrochemical cell, and toward not being electrolytic condenser.
In recent years, many different battery systems have been advised using.Early stage cell system capable of recharging comprises plumbic acid battery and nickel-cadmium cell (Nicad), and wherein each has obtained suitable success on market.The plumbic acid battery is because its stability and wearing quality have become the store battery of selecting for use on automobile and the heavy industry purposes.On the contrary, preferably with the application of nickel-cadmium cell as small-sized or portable aspect.Recently, nickel metal hydride system (NiMH) gets the nod on large-scale and small-sized purposes day by day.
Though above-mentioned battery system has been obtained success, to compare with current state of art, other has longer novel battery of higher capacitance, higher power density and life cycle life-span and has appeared clue.This system of first-to-market is a lithium ion battery, and this battery has become consuming product.Though lithium polymer battery does not come into the market as yet, also be subjected to suitable attention.
Lithium cell generally includes the positive electrode made by the transition metal oxide material and by the absorbent charcoal material negative potential made of graphite or refinery coke for example.Type material to this two classes electrode has carried out deep research, and this is because they have the weight energy density of noble potential.Yet up to the present, most of attention has concentrated on the transition metal oxide electrode.
Absorbent charcoal material is as a rule by adopting difunctional monomer to be prepared as polymer precursor.The example of this class precursor comprises the resin or the furfuryl alcohol-phenol multipolymer of furfuryl alcohol, phenol, formaldehyde, acetone-furfural.Other precursor comprises as people such as Jenkins at Polymeric Carbons-Carbon Fibre, Glass andChar, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, disclosed polyacrylonitrile and artificial silk polymkeric substance among the England (1976).Then, these precursors are being cured and carbonization under 2,000 ℃ at the most usually very lentamente.In these methods, comprise two key steps: (1) by wet chemistry method by difunctional monomer synthetic polymer precursor; (2) with this precursor pyrolysis.Because this method is that two-step approach causes total recovery lower usually.For example, the method for conventional processing polypropylene nitrile only can obtain about 10% available carbonaceous material usually.In addition, also have many impurity and mix in this carbonaceous material, thereby its chemical property is produced detrimentally affect.
Therefore, need the carbon material that a kind of powered chemical cell that has improved is used.This material should be easy to adopt the method easy, that yield is high to produce.
Fig. 1 is that expression is according to the electrochemical cell synoptic diagram that comprises the electrode of being produced by amorphous carbon material of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schema of explanation each step of amorphous carbon material produced according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is at a series of charge/discharge curves of 500 ℃ of carbon materials that prepare down according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is at a series of charge/discharge curves of 700 ℃ of hyperbranched (hyperbranched) carbon materials that prepare down according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is at a series of charge/discharge curves of 500 ℃ of hyperbranched carbon materials that prepare down and handle with lithium salts under 700 ℃ according to the present invention; With
Fig. 6 is a series of charge/discharge cycle that the electrochemical cell of carbon dioxide process carbon electrode is housed according to the present invention.
Though this specification sheets finishes with claims that qualification is considered to novel feature of the present invention, research is following believes to understand after describing in detail and understand better the present invention at (among the figure that carries down identical numbering) in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring now to Fig. 1,, the figure illustrated expression for example a kind of battery of electrochemical cell 10 or electrolytic condenser and comprise carbon back produced according to the invention or the synoptic diagram of decolorizing carbon electrode.This electrochemical cell comprises positive electrode or negative electrode 20, negative potential or anode 30 and is placed on therebetween ionogen 40.The negative potential 30 of battery is to be produced by the decolorizing carbon of for example hereafter or carbon-based material.The positive electrode 20 of battery 10 can be by for example transition metal oxide production that contains lithium well known in the art.On the other hand, this positive electrode material can be by for example in the name with people such as M^ao, and be entitled as Positive Electrode Materials for Rechargeable ElectrochemicalCells and Method of Making Same, common transfer, the common pending application application serial no 08/464 submitted to June 5 nineteen ninety-five, the material produce of narration in 440, the content of this patent disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
The ionogen 40 that is placed between the electrode can be the ionogen of knowing in any this area, comprises the LiClO that for example is dissolved in Texacar PC 4Or with the polyethylene oxide of lithium salts dipping.This ionogen 40 also can play dividing plate between positive electrode and negative potential.This ionogen can be aqueous, non-water, solid-state, gel or its certain combination.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of and for example be used as the decolorizing carbon or the carbon-based material of electrode and the method for producing acid material in the battery at electrochemical device.This carbon-based material is unbodied basically, still, also can partly or entirely be crystalline if desired or comprises the crystal inclusion, and can comprise a certain amount of one or more conditioning agents.The definite character of this conditioning agent depends on the specific end use of expection.
The present invention adopts the multifunctional organic monomer of at least three functional groups that respectively have two types to replace the precursor of difunctional monomer used in the prior art.More accurate, this multifunctional organic monomer has following general formula:
Figure A9619850200061
R in the formula 1, R 2And R 3Respectively be a kind of functional group, and all be selected from 8 or be less than the carboxylic acid, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than the carboxylicesters, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than the alcohol, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than carboxylic acid anhydride, the amine of 8 carbon, and composition, and at least one R wherein 1, R 2And R 3Different with other.In a preferred embodiment, at least one functional group is a carboxylicesters.It should be appreciated that in the process of this material of production of the following stated, in fact different functional groups can react to each other.
In a preferred embodiment, this multifunctional organic monomer is selected from 5-hydroxyl m-phthalic acid, the amino m-phthalic acid of 5-, alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid, beta-resorcylic acid, δ-resorcylic acid, 2,5-resorcylic acid, 3,4-resorcylic acid and composition thereof.In another particularly preferred embodiment, this multifunctional organic monomer is the alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid.Though preferred multifunctional organic monomer is enumerated as above, it is to be noted that the present invention is not so limited.In fact, many other organic monomers also can equally advantageously use.
About the production of carbon electrode material, found that this monomeric reaction is more complete when this organic monomer is heated in the presence of acid, thereby the yield of the finished product is improved.Therefore, this amorphous carbon material can be made in the presence of acid.The example of preferred acid comprises the number acid that is selected from acetate, boric acid, phosphoric acid, tosic acid, 4-benzaminic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and composition thereof.Suppose that these acid can play catalyzer in the ester condensation reaction of this organic monomer.This sour consumption can be 1-25% (weight).As mentioned above, though the preparation of this material preferably in the presence of acid, carry out, yet, this class material can not have acid in the presence of produce, the result is that the total recovery of the finished product decreases.
When the preparation amorphous carbon material, expection is heated with acid catalyst this monomer under inert atmosphere.Preferred inert atmosphere comprises for example nitrogen, argon and helium.This material is heated being enough to cause under the temperature of the solid-state carbonization of polyfunctional monomer.This method is similar to subliming method with regard in nature, and carries out being lower than under about 1200 ℃, preferred about 600 ℃.
Method of the present invention is merged into a step with this material at polymerization and carburising step under solid-state.The polymerization under lower temperature of above-mentioned polyfunctional monomer.In case after the polymerization, this polyfunctional monomer just forms a kind of hyperbranched polymers, then with polymkeric substance under high slightly temperature carbonization to form amorphous carbon material.Because this multifunctional organic monomer contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and the nitrogen element of some various combination forms usually, this carbonization process relates to the decomposition of organic precursor, and the compound that discharges comprises carbon-oxygen, carbon-hydrogen, hydrogen-oxygen, nitrogen-hydrogen and other similar compounds.With the two dimensional structure of edge hydrogen atom termination, the amount of hydrogen atom depends on the temperature of carbonization process initial portion for mainly in the carbon atom condensation that stays.
The polymerization of this polyfunctional monomer/carbonation step method can obtain to understand from figure below of explanation polymerization/carburizing reagent mechanism.This reaction comprises starting stage, intermediate stage and the finished product stage.In the starting stage,, cause this monomer condenses and drive out water vapour for example alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid promptly about at the most 500 ℃ of heating down under lower temperature of this polyfunctional monomer.This stage of this reaction can illustrate by following formula:
Figure A9619850200081
Behind the reheat, the hyperbranched polymer that is generated decomposes and form C-C between the phenyl ring of initial monomers.When temperature for example was elevated to 500-700 ℃, the phenyl ring of these 6 carbon began to rupture and forms the network of stratiform carbon.The formation of hyperbranched carbon polymer causes this monomer molecule in fact to move more closely each other in the fs of this process, thereby helps the carbonization of this process second step.This also illustrates the reason that has improved yield compared with the prior art at least in part.In addition, as mentioned above, under the existence that is reflected at acid when carrying out, but the reduction reaction of this acid catalysis ester thereby the yield of the finished product is improved.The subordinate phase of this process can get the best understanding from the reaction of following formula explanation:
Referring now to Fig. 2,, flow process Figure 100 of the step of the above-mentioned amorphous carbon material of explanation preparation among the figure.First step described in Fig. 2 is shown in the square frame 102 and comprises the step of the multifunctional organic monomer that aforesaid selection is suitable.After this, described in square frame 104, this is the step that selection is used for the temperature ranges of selected monomeric solid-state carbonization process.More accurate, the yield of the amorphous carbon material that obtains from specific polyfunctional monomer depends on the thermal conditions that this monomer is suffered to a great extent.Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dsc (DSC) provide the means of fabulous this treatment temp situation of prediction respectively.The gained result can show that usually this solid-state carbonization process should be a step heating method of two kinds of temperature.
Particularly, TGA and DSC method show condensation and the reduction reaction that polyfunctional monomer can take place under a certain temperature.Therefore, adopt this analytical procedure (referring to the above) described in common transfer, common pending application 08/534,427 to select type of heating.For the alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid, under 240 ℃, be heated to first steady section, then, under about 600 ℃, be heated to second steady section.
Now, turn back to Fig. 2, the next procedure of production process is described in square frame 106 among flow process Figure 100, and comprises multifunctional organic monomer and a kind of sour blended step that is selected from the above-mentioned acid.Must be with these two kinds of material thorough mixing, then, before this mixture is carried out solid-state carbonization process, can be dry in loft drier for example.It is pointed out that this acid catalyst can make the yield of the finished product improve, still, is not to be that to carry out this reaction necessary.In addition, as mentioned above, can think acid can catalysis the condensation reaction of ester.Therefore, if initial polyfunctional monomer does not contain the ester class, just do not need acid.
Next step of Fig. 2 explanation is solid-state carbonization process 108, and this process can comprise the type of heating that multistep is rapid.As shown in Figure 2, in fact step 108 comprises 4 steps of explanation in square frame 110,112,114 and 116.Each step all depends on the result of above-mentioned DSC and TGA test in carbonization process.Yet the step of square frame 110 explanations generally includes the step that dried monomer/acid mixture is heated to first temperature under X ℃ of/minute predetermined clock rate.As the explanation in the square frame 112,, just make this mixture under this temperature, keep one section preset time in case reach required temperature.
After this, as the explanation in the square frame 114, under X ℃/minute speed, this material is heated to second temperature, normally higher temperature.As the explanation in the square frame 116,, just make this mixture under this temperature, keep one section preset time in case reach the second required temperature.As the explanation in the square frame 126, after solid-state carbonization is finished, the amorphous carbon material of gained is cooled off lentamente.Cooling should be carried out under suitable speed, keeps its amorphous character basically to guarantee this material.
As the explanation in the square frame 118, the hyperbranched carbon material with gained after the cooling carries out the processing second time.Handle for the second time the hyperbranched carbon material that comprises gained and finish grind granularity approximately less than the step of 100 microns and preferred 5-50 micron.Can finish grind by conventional grinding technique well known to those skilled in the art.This step is described in the square frame 120 of Fig. 2.After this, with the hyperbranched carbon material behind the correct grinding be selected from LiNO 3, Li 3PO 4, LiOH, Li 2SO 4, Li 2CO 3, lithium acetate and composition thereof contain the lithium component or lithium salts mixes.In a preferred embodiment, hyperbranched carbon behind the correct grinding and lithium salts blended step comprise this hyperbranched carbon and LiNO 3The blended step.This step is described in the square frame 122 of Fig. 2.After this, the hyperbranched carbon behind the correct grinding and the mixture of lithium salts are heat-treated process.This step is described in the square frame 124 of Fig. 2, and is included under 500 ℃-1200 ℃, preferred 600 ℃-800 ℃ mixing tank is heated.In a most preferred embodiment, this temperature is about 700 ℃.The required time of thermal treatment is 8-20 hour, and the time of normal employing is 12 hours.For the surface modification of carbon material, in fact need heat treatment process.The well-known carbon that adopts has the shortcoming of the tangible first circulation capacitance loss as the type lithium ion battery of negative electrode active material, and this loss is that the untoward reaction in this carbon material surface causes.Owing to carried out surface modification in the present invention thereby can alleviate the problem of capacitance loss, thereby when it is used for the negative potential of type lithium ion battery as active material, helped to improve the first cycle charging efficient of carbon material.The improvement of supposing the first cycle charging efficient is owing to the combination from the hydrogen atom that discharges with relevant lithium salts bonded carbon material surface produces.For example, hydrogen may with NO 3In conjunction with and form HNO 3So lithium also can freely insert in the carbon material.
Can understand better the present invention from the following embodiment that provides.
Embodiment
Example I
The electrode film of the hyperbranched carbon after the processing that the method that adopts Fig. 2 to illustrate prepares is to prepare by the hyperbranched carbon mixing that is produced by the alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid that will handle according to the present invention.More specifically, in the presence of acid, the alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid is heated to the first temperature steady section that is about 220 ℃ is heated to then and is about 600 ℃ the second temperature steady section.Benzoic second sample of alpha-dihydroxy-is heated to the first temperature steady section that is about 250 ℃ to be heated to then and to be about 500 ℃ the second temperature steady section.After this, with this material under 700 ℃ with lithium salts LiNO particularly 3Handle.
Then, with 5% tetrafluoroethylene as tackiness agent by compacting preparation electrode film continuously.The thickness of this electrode film is about 80 microns and every square centimeter and has the about 6-8 milligram of active substance.By with hyperbranched carbon as negative electrode, metallic lithium as anode and reference electrode and by the 1M LiPF that is dissolved in ethylene carbonate (40%, volume), methylcarbonate (40%, volume) and diethyl carbonate (20%, the volume) mixture 6The electrolytical three Room electrodes that material is formed obtain electrochemical data.These batteries of assembling in being full of the glove box of argon gas.
Referring now to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4,, explanation is not added lithium salts respectively and the charge/discharge capabilities of the hyperbranched carbon for preparing among the figure under the outlet temperature of 500 ℃ and 700 ℃.On the contrary, Fig. 5 explanation at first 500 ℃ of preparations down, is used LiNO then under 700 ℃ 3The charge/discharge capabilities of the hyperbranched carbon of handling.Read over Fig. 5 as can be seen the first round-robin charging capacity be about 510 milliamperes of per hour every grams (mAh/g), and reverse loading capacity is 335mAh/g.This is equivalent to the loss of first round-robin is 34%.Return referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the first corresponding round-robin charging capacity is respectively 1475 and 720mAh/g, and loading capacity is 475 and 400mAh/g.The first corresponding round-robin loses thereby is respectively 68% and 45%.Therefore, the surface-treated result can produce and have the carbon products that has improved first cycle efficiency.Above-mentioned implication is must use more a spot of active material to compensate this initial capacitance loss in the positive electrode when as the negative component in the electrochemical cell.The result of gained has the battery that improves weight energy density.
Discharge curve by comparison diagram 3-5 is additional advantage as can be seen.Particularly, capacitance fade among obvious Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 (at 500 ℃ and 700 ℃ of undressed carbon that prepare down) and discharge curve are than the height among Fig. 5.Particularly, the capacitance fade among Fig. 3 is 26%, and among Fig. 4 is 23%, and among Fig. 5 only is 5%.Therefore, surface treatment for the second time can produce and have the cycle performance better material.Therefore, use the battery of treated material to have and better recycle life performance.Example II
For the second time the battery of test be according to the present invention with hyperbranched carbon as anode and LiCoO 2Make the battery of coin shapes as negative electrode.This ionogen uses glass isolator as dividing plate with above Fig. 1 is described identical.The active cathode material that about 13.0 milligrams active anode material and 31.8 milligrams are arranged.The area of the electrode in present embodiment II is about 1.5 square centimeters.This coin cell between 2.5-4.2 volt with 0.4 milliampere of current cycle.
Referring now to Fig. 6,, first 10 charge/discharge cycle of coin cell described in the explanation present embodiment II among the figure.Calculate according to active anode material, the electric capacity that inserts the hyperbranched carbon of lithium is about 270 milliamperes/gram.Fig. 6 illustrates the carbon assembling that all conventional batteries can improve with the present invention and makes.This battery can make that charge/discharge cycle is unlikely on electric capacity to suffer significant loss as prior art.
Though illustrated and narrated the preferred embodiments of the invention, obviously, this is unrestricted extremely to the present invention.To those skilled in the art, many improvement, replacing, change will occur, substitute and coordinator, and must not break away from spirit of the present invention and the scope that limits in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. production method as the amorphous carbon material of rechargeable electrochemical cell electrode said method comprising the steps of:
Multifunctional organic monomer with following structure is provided
Figure A9619850200021
R in the formula 1, R 2And R 3All be selected from 8 or be less than the carboxylic acid, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than the carboxylicesters, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than the alcohol, 8 of 8 carbon or be less than carboxylic acid anhydride, amine and the composition thereof of 8 carbon, and at least one R wherein 1, R 2And R 3Different with other;
Described multifunctional organic monomer is mixed with the acid catalyst of significant quantity;
This mixture is carried out solid-state carbonization process in inert atmosphere; Finish grind this amorphous carbon material; With
The amorphous carbon material of this correct grinding is heated in the presence of lithium-containing compound.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said multifunctional organic monomer is selected from 5-hydroxyl m-phthalic acid, the amino m-phthalic acid of 5-, alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid, beta-resorcylic acid, δ-resorcylic acid, 2,5-resorcylic acid, 3,4-resorcylic acid and composition thereof.
3. the process of claim 1 wherein that the weight percentage of described acid catalyst is 1-25%.
4. the process of claim 1 wherein that described acid catalyst is selected from acetate, boric acid, phosphoric acid, tosic acid, 4-benzaminic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and composition thereof.
5. the process of claim 1 wherein that described inert atmosphere is selected from nitrogen, helium and argon.
6. the process of claim 1 wherein that described multifunctional organic monomer is the alpha-dihydroxy-phenylformic acid.
7. the process of claim 1 wherein that the described compound that contains lithium is selected from LiNO 3, Li 3PO 4, LiOH, Li 2SO 4, Li 2CO 3, lithium acetate and composition thereof.
8. the process of claim 1 wherein that it is 5 microns to 100 microns that described organic monomer is finish grinded granularity.
CN96198502A 1995-11-22 1996-11-19 Improved carbon electrode materials for lithium battery cell and method of making same Pending CN1202871A (en)

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