CN1201861C - Catalyst for producing propene from propane by selective carbon dioxide oxidation - Google Patents

Catalyst for producing propene from propane by selective carbon dioxide oxidation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1201861C
CN1201861C CNB031320384A CN03132038A CN1201861C CN 1201861 C CN1201861 C CN 1201861C CN B031320384 A CNB031320384 A CN B031320384A CN 03132038 A CN03132038 A CN 03132038A CN 1201861 C CN1201861 C CN 1201861C
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catalyst
nitrate
propane
potassium
sio
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CN1472005A (en
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葛欣
沈俭一
张惠良
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a catalyst used for preparing propene by the process that propane is oxidized in a selective mode by carbon dioxide. The present invention adopts superfine silicon dioxide whose specific surface area is equal to 200 to 500m<2>/g as a carrier loaded with 5 % of chromium and 0.2 to 0.4% of potassium. When the catalyst of the present invention is adopted, propane reacts with CO2, the propane can be converted into propene in a high selectivity mode, the per pass conversion of the propane is equal to 30%, the selectivity of the propene can reach 90%, and the conversion temperature can be greatly lowered. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the catalyst.

Description

A kind of carbon dioxide selectivity propane oxide is produced the catalyst and the method for making thereof of propylene
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Catalysts and its preparation method of producing propylene with the carbon dioxide selectivity propane oxide.
Two, background technology
In natural gas, oil liquefied gas and refinery gas, there is a large amount of low-carbon alkanes,, is translated into important industrial chemicals such as alkene and will produces remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit along with the development of producing.For the manufacturing olefin by low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation process, twentieth century begins to realize suitability for industrialized production the thirties, develops again in the seventies and adopts Cr 2O 3/ Al 2O 3Or Pt-Sn/Al 2O 3Catalyst carries out propane, butane is produced propylene and the new process route of butylene.But prepare propylene by alkane such as propane direct dehydrogenation, be subjected to thermodynamics equilibrium limit, conversion of propane is not high, and needs high temperature, and the energy consumption of reaction is bigger.And by the method for air oxidation dehydrogenating propane, then because side reactions such as deep oxidation and oxygen molecule insertion still fail to obtain all gratifying result of its catalytic activity and propylene selectivity.Produce propylene with carbon dioxide as a kind of selective oxidation agent catalyzed conversion propane, can provide important raw material of industry propylene on the one hand, can eliminate the carbon dioxide that causes greenhouse effects again simultaneously, this is a catalytic reaction with industrial applications prospect.Her rattan stretches one (1, Japanization association will, 8 (1999) 553) and uses V 2O 5-Rh/SiO 2Catalyst shows at CO 2In the atmosphere dehydrogenating propane is had certain catalytic activity, but the selectivity of propylene is not ideal.The result of Takahara (2, Catal.Today, 45 (1998) 55) is 5wt%Cr 2O 3/ SiO 2Catalyst is at 550 ℃ CO 2In the atmosphere, propylene selectivity and yield bring up to 94.0% and 9.1% respectively by 90.4% and 6.5% in the Ar atmosphere.People (3, Ind.Eng.Chem.Res., 34 (1995) 474) such as Krylov O V adopt 1.5%K-5.5%Cr-17%Mn-O/SiO 2, at 830 ℃, 3600hr -1And CO 2/ C 3H 8Under=1.5 the condition, the conversion ratio of propane is 96%, and the total recovery of alkene is 73%, but the directional selectivity of propylene is not high enough.In addition Xu Long child wait (4, CN 1181993A; CN1152566A) at 11%K-5%Cr-14%Mn-O/SiO 2On the catalyst, at 740 ℃, 0.6Mpa, 800hr -1And CO 2/ C 3H 8Under=1 the condition, obtained the result of conversion of propane 84.2%, propylene selectivity 42.4% and ethylene selectivity 30.2%.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Catalysts and its preparation method that carbon dioxide selective oxidation propane is produced propylene that is used for.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind ofly be used for the catalyst that carbon dioxide selective oxidation propane is produced propylene, it is to be 200~500m with specific area 2The superfine silicon dioxide of/g is 5% chromium and 0.2~0.4% potassium for the supported carrier mass ratio.
The loading of the above-mentioned preferred potassium of catalyst is 0.4%.
Potassium can be substituted by magnesium, calcium, barium, nickel, lanthanum or iron in the above-mentioned catalyst.
The loading of magnesium, calcium, barium, nickel, lanthanum or iron is 0.4% in the above-mentioned catalyst.
A kind of method for making of above-mentioned catalyst, it is made up of following steps:
Step 1, the chromic nitrate and the potassium nitrate of metering is water-soluble, wiring solution-forming, the adding specific area is 200~500m 2The superfine silicon dioxide dipping of/g, evaporate to dryness.
Step 2, with the roasting 4~10 hours under 650~800 ℃ of air atmospheres of the silica that is impregnated with chromic nitrate and potassium nitrate of step 1 gained, promptly get catalyst of the present invention.
Potassium nitrate can be substituted by magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate, nickel nitrate, lanthanum nitrate or ferric nitrate in the above-mentioned catalyst method for making.
Adopt catalyst of the present invention, propane and CO 2But react the propylene that is converted into of high selectivity, the propane conversion per pass is 30%, and the selectivity of propylene can reach 90%.And conversion temperature can reduce greatly.
Four, the specific embodiment
Embodiment one
With 18.24 gram chromic nitrate (Cr (NO 3) 39H 2O) and 0.49 gram potassium nitrate (KNO 3) add 50 milliliters of dissolvings of water, adding 50 gram specific areas is 200m 2The superfine silicon dioxide of/g dipping heats while stirring that it is dried to be evaporated to, and roasting 4 hours under 800 ℃ of air atmospheres then makes catalyst of the present invention and (consists of 5%Cr-0.4%K/SiO 2).Propane and CO 2Catalytic conversion reaction in continuous feed fixed-bed quartz reactor (6 millimeters of internal diameters), carry out, catalyst purged 0.5 hour with oxygen and nitrogen respectively successively at 650 ℃, switched to the reaction gas (ratio of amount of substance: CO then 2/ C 3H 8=1/3.6, down together) begin to react.Product is through online gas chromatographic analysis.The results are shown in table 1.
Table 1.C 3H 8And CO 2At the 5%Cr/SiO that contains different content co-catalyst K 2Reaction result on the catalyst
Conversion ratio (%) selectivity (%)
Catalyst
C 3H 8 C 3H 6 CH 4 C 2H 4+C 2H 6
5%Cr/SiO 2 27.0 85.0 12.4 2.6
5%Cr-0.1%K/SiO 2 24.8 80.0 15.3 4.7
5%Cr-0.2%K/SiO 2 22.3 100 - -
5%Cr-0.4%K/SiO 2 31.3 91.2 7.7 1.1
5%Cr-0.8%K/SiO 2 17.4 89.1 8.6 2.3
5%Cr-1.0%K/SiO 2 3.0 70.0 21.6 8.4
*GHSV=2800h -1, atmospheric pressure, 650 ℃, 2 hours reaction results.
Embodiment two
The employing specific area is 500m 2The superfine silicon dioxide of/g, other step are with embodiment one, and sintering temperature is 650 ℃, roasting 10 hours, the catalyst that the catalytic effect of prepared catalyst of the present invention makes with embodiment one substantially.
Embodiment three
The employing specific area is 300m 2The ultra-fine SiO of/g 2Be carrier, adopt embodiment 1 described method,, make catalyst of the present invention, and be used for propane and CO with the alternative potassium nitrate of the nitrate of K, Mg, Ca, Ba, La, Ni, Fe etc. 2Catalytic conversion reaction, reaction result is listed in table 2.
Table 2.C 3H 8And CO 2Containing the 5%Cr/SiO of different co-catalysts 2Reaction result on the catalyst
Conversion ratio (%) selectivity (%)
Catalyst
C 3H 8 C 3H 6 CH 4 C 2H 4+C 2H 6
5%Cr/SiO 2 27.0 85.0 12.4 2.6
5%Cr-0.4%Mg/SiO 2 24.8 100 - -
5%Cr-0.4%K/SiO 2 31.3 91.2 7.7 1.1
5%Cr-0.4%Ca/SiO 2 19.8 100 - -
5%Cr-0.4%Ba/SiO 2 14.2 100 - -
5%Cr-1%Ni/SiO 2 16.2 100 - -
5%Cr-0.4%La/SiO 2 23.4 90.0 10.0 -
5%Cr-0.4%Fe/SiO 2 20.5 100 - -
*GHSV=2800h -1, atmospheric pressure, 650 ℃, 2 hours reaction results.
Embodiment four,
Compare with the document result
The used catalyst of catalyst of the present invention and document is used for propane and CO 2The result of catalytic conversion reaction relatively be shown in table 3.
Table 3. catalyst of the present invention and document catalyst are used for propane and CO 2The catalytic conversion reaction result
Catalyst C 3H 8Conversion ratio (%) C 3H 6Selectivity (%) reaction temperature (℃)
aCr-Mg/SiO 2 24.8 100 650
aCr-K/SiO 2 31.3 91.2 650
b1V-Rh/SiO 2 42.4 43.4 650
b2Cr 2O 3/SiO 2 9.6 94.0 550
b3K-Cr-Mn-O/SiO 2 96.0 c73 830
b4K-Cr-Mn-O/SiO 2 84.2 42.4 740
(a) catalyst of the present invention, (b) document catalyst system therefor, (c) total olefin selectivity
This shows, adopt catalyst of the present invention, CO 2Can be with the propylene that is converted into of propane high selectivity.And catalyst of the present invention reduces the temperature of conversion reaction greatly.In view of CO 2Be one of pernicious gas that causes the atmosphere greenhouse effects, utilize it to come the selective oxidation low-carbon alkanes significant.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is used for the catalyst that carbon dioxide selective oxidation propane is produced propylene, it is characterized in that: it is to be 200~500m with specific area 2The superfine silicon dioxide of/g is 5% chromium and 0.2~0.4% potassium for the supported carrier mass ratio.
2. catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the loading of potassium is 0.4%.
3. catalyst according to claim 2 is characterized in that: potassium is substituted by magnesium, calcium, barium, nickel, lanthanum or iron.
4. catalyst according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the loading of magnesium, calcium, barium, nickel, lanthanum or iron is 0.4%.
5. the method for making of the described catalyst of claim 1 is characterized in that it is made up of following steps:
Step 1, the chromic nitrate and the potassium nitrate of metering is water-soluble, wiring solution-forming, the adding specific area is 200~500m 2The superfine silicon dioxide dipping of/g, the heating evaporate to dryness,
Step 2, with the roasting 4~10 hours under 650~800 ℃ of air atmospheres of the silica that is impregnated with chromic nitrate and potassium nitrate of step 1 gained, promptly get catalyst of the present invention.
6. the method for making of catalyst according to claim 5 is characterized in that: potassium nitrate is substituted by magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate, nickel nitrate, lanthanum nitrate or ferric nitrate.
CNB031320384A 2003-07-15 2003-07-15 Catalyst for producing propene from propane by selective carbon dioxide oxidation Expired - Fee Related CN1201861C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1321098C (en) * 2005-04-28 2007-06-13 复旦大学 Method for preparing propylene through oxydehydrogenation of propane and carbon dioxide
CN100428993C (en) * 2005-09-29 2008-10-29 北京化工大学 Metal carrier catalyst for propylene by carbon dioxide propane oxide and its production
DE602009000800D1 (en) * 2008-07-10 2011-04-14 Rohm & Haas Autothermal catalytic hybrid process for the conversion of alkanes to alkenes and catalysts therefor
CN112657499A (en) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-16 中石化南京化工研究院有限公司 Catalyst for oxidizing cyclohexane by carbon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof

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