CN1198237A - Smoke alarm - Google Patents
Smoke alarm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1198237A CN1198237A CN97190934A CN97190934A CN1198237A CN 1198237 A CN1198237 A CN 1198237A CN 97190934 A CN97190934 A CN 97190934A CN 97190934 A CN97190934 A CN 97190934A CN 1198237 A CN1198237 A CN 1198237A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- light
- smoke alarm
- around
- diaphragm
- optical receiver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
- G08B17/113—Constructional details
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The smoke alarm comprises an alarm unit (1) that can be inserted in a socket and that contains an optical module. This optical module has a light source (6), a light receiver (7), a measurement chamber(8), a central diaphragm (10), a base (11) and a labyrinth system with diaphragms (9) arranged on the periphery of the photogrammetric chamber. The peripheral stops (9) are so arranged that the angle of incidence of the light beam emitted by the light source (6) and received by the light detector (7) is constant on the majority of them. The angle of incidence is selected so that the incident and unabsorbed light is reflected as many times as possible between the peripheral diaphragms (9).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of smoke alarm, it has a probe unit that can be fixed in base, one contains a light source, an optical receiver, between a measurement, a central stop, at the bottom of one, and the optical module of a tortuous sealing system, the sealing system contains some diaphragms, they be distributed between measurement around.
This smoke alarm is as astigmatic smoke alarm and known to being, except that containing optical module, it also selectively contains is with a kind of sensor, as temperature sensor, as everyone knows, when designing the optical module of this smoke alarm, outside interference light can not penetrate that smog then is easy to penetrate between measurement.When design light source and optical receiver, the light of light source can not directly arrive receiver.Because smoke particle enters session, source light carries out scattering by these particles, and wherein just some scattered light arrives receiver, thereby evokes an electric signal.
In addition, for avoiding wrong report, strengthen the reliability of the astigmatic smoke alarm of this kind, mainly be to guarantee to have only the source light of smoke particle scattering to arrive optical receiver, and those background light, no matter it is outside next light, or the light of optical module scattering, and the light of particle self all should obtain suppressing.The optics smoke alarm that everybody is familiar with, described the sort of as DE-A-4412212, its background light is absorbed by the diaphragm that distributes all around and is inhibited, and these diaphragms are rotation with respect to the center between measuring and are symmetrically distributed.Yet the signal value that is produced by background light is still bigger, and this signal value is commonly referred to as basic pulse, so wish to reduce this basic pulse.
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of previously described smoke alarm, compares with smoke alarm known today, and its basic pulse has reduced greatly.
According to invention, this purpose is achieved by following method: the diaphragm around the design, on most of diaphragms, light source sends the incident angle of light beam and incident angle that optical receiver is received light beam all is a constant.
According to smoke alarm of the present invention, its a kind of preferred embodiment is characterised in that, selects this incident angle and the shape of diaphragm all around for use, make incident light and unabsorbed light as far as possible around diaphragm between reflect.
Because unabsorbed light can not break away from the diaphragm zone more, and is able to thorough destruction by the repeated reflection between diaphragm, thereby basic pulse can reduce greatly.
According to following embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention can be able to detailed elaboration, wherein:
Accompanying drawing 2 is the figure that cuts open of II-II along the line in the accompanying drawing 1, and ratio is little than accompanying drawing 1.
Shown astigmatic smoke alarm includes probe unit 1 usually, it can be fixed in (not expression among the figure) on the base, base then preferably is loaded on the room ceiling that needs monitoring, also include detector cover plate 2, cover plate 2 is buckled on the probe unit 1, when detector was in running order, the conical surface of cover plate can provide smog slit entrance 3, allowed it directly facing to monitored room.Probe unit 1 includes a box-like matrix substantially, face one side of surveying the conical surface at it and be furnished with an optical module 5, assembly 5 is surrounded by sidewall 4, one side at its printed circuit board (PCB) (not showing among the figure) that is furnished with a band analytical electron equipment facing to the detector base.This panel detector structure is all very familiar, does not remake detailed annotation at this.About this point, can be referring to AlgoRex series detector (AlgoRex-Cerberus AG registered trademark), also can be referring to european patent application No.95117405.1 etc.
Optical module 5 comprises light source 6, optical receiver 7 substantially, measure between 8, the tortuous sealing system formed by the four sides diaphragm 9 that is distributed in wall 4 inboards, also comprise the central stop 10 and the end 11, light source 6 is made of infrarede emitting diode (IRED), the optical axis of light source 6 and optical receiver 7 is not to be positioned on the same line, and a bending is arranged, central stop is arranged on the point of crossing.Block extraneous light and enter between measurement 8 at the sidewall 4 and the end 11, and the light that diaphragm 9 all around and central stop 10 stop light sources 6 to send directly arrives optical receiver 7.Diaphragm 9 all around also is used for suppressing by scattering and reflects the bias light that brings.Bias light suppresses well more, and basic pulse is just low more, and this basic pulse refers under smokeless situation detected signal in measuring chamber 8.Light source 6 sends the zone of intersection of light beam and the visible area of optical receiver 7 consists of measured zone, hereinafter is referred to as fringe area.
If monitored room has produced smog,, pass smog slit entrance 3 along continuous straight runs then and flow to the bucket-shaped end 11 just it rises to smoke alarm.The ends 11 structure is furnished with star fin 12 for sieve shape or netted, its outside, and smog is directed at the end 11 through these fins.Like this, between smog has just vertically flowed into and has measured 8 and fringe area.The end 11 reason of doing bucket-shaped design be make between its range observation far away, if the end is flat, just near between measurement.Penetrate between measurement 8 grit can scattering from the light of light source 6, act on equally with smoke particle, they are deposited on the conical surface at the end 11, and are positioned at outside the luminous incidence zone of light source 6, so the interference effect of smoke particle just greatly reduces.
Can see that by accompanying drawing the bucket-shaped regional shape at the end 11 such as pyramid or a pyramid of cutting the top, preamble are mentioned, all are sieve shape or reticulate texture on pyramidal each side plane.For ease of distinct, accompanying drawing 1 reticulate texture on this kind pyramid plane that schematically drawn.Preferably, fin 12 is positioned at the outside at the end 11, and is distributed in pyramidal side edge.
Through the particular design to the end 11, the interference effect that is deposited on the grit at the end 11 can reduce greatly.Reason is, the inside surface at the end 11 has many thin slices 14,15, being looked by projection, they are vertically upward, thus, by layout, quantity, height and the phase mutual edge distance of selecting them, just can be so that before arriving the end 11, dropped on the thin slice by 11 light at the bottom of the directive between measuring, and optical receiver 7 can only be seen the thin slice 14,15 at the end 11.Therefore,, dust can not be attached on the vertical wall of thin slice, so that the danger of grit scattered light has just reduced is many because being easier to be retained at the end.Except can stop the end 11 measured between 8 the irradiate light, thin slice 14,15 can also stop that optical receiver 7 avoids the irradiation of exterior light.
As shown in the figure, not every pyramid face all has thin slice, and that pyramid face that has only relative with light source 6 and optical receiver 7 two pyramid faces and their to surround just has.Pyramid facing to light source 6 and optical receiver 7 has been worn thin slice 14 longitudinally, these thin slices are parallel with the pyramid base, the side of being enclosed by above-mentioned two pyramid bread has a thin slice 14 longitudinally at least, and some horizontal thin slices 15 are arranged, they and vertical thin slice 14 quadratures.Vertically the optical axis of the optical axis of thin slice 14 and its relative light source and relative optical receiver is quadrature roughly at least.The fundamental purpose of transverse slice 15 is to provide the optics decoupling for light source 6 and optical receiver 7.
The end 11 and whole detector cells 1 the same (except that light source 6 and optical receiver), form by a kind of suitable plastic, can be used as a kind of injection molding parts produces, some locking members (not drawing among the figure) are arranged on its limit, the sidewall 4 of the end 11 with optics assembly 5 can be linked together, and can dismantle (seeing accompanying drawing 2).
In order to absorb bias light better, optical module 5 at least some parts, particularly Si Zhou diaphragm 9, central stop 10 and be glossiness facing to cover plate between the measurement at the end 11 that is to say, they be reflecting surface rather than the mat surface habitually practised now.Obviously, the whole inside of other parts or optical module 5 also all has the surface of a gloss.
Preamble is imagined, and bias light preferably can be absorbed and be destroyed by mat surface, but this imagination has but been ignored light and still can be entered between measurement inevitably after by the scattering process of mat surface.On the other hand,,, nonabsorbable light is reflexed on another glossy surface, for example reflex on the adjacent diaphragm on every side just they can play black mirror effect if adopted glossy surface.
Because reflecting surface is black, therefore only reflect about 50% incident light, through the repeated reflection between these reflectings surface, incident light can almost completely be destroyed.Glossy surface can obtain by the mode of injecting molding, in each surface of mould, is thought of as at least to that surface of glassy surface and will adopts a kind of comparatively suitable surface, preferably can adopt polished surface.
Improve another epochmaking being characterised in that of the measurement reliability of above-mentioned smoke alarm, diaphragm 9 or great majority wherein are not the rotation symmetrical distribution all around, but, on these diaphragms, send the incident angle of light beam and incident angle that optical receiver 7 is received light beam all is a constant from light source 6.Diaphragm 9 is rotation and is symmetrically distributed and is meant that diaphragm arranges with respect to the center rotation all around.In accompanying drawing 1, be not symmetrically distributed with just not being rotation near diaphragm around four of optical receivers 7 near diaphragm around four of light source 69.Select incident angle, make incident light and unabsorbed light reflect between diaphragm as much as possible all around.
As shown in the figure, each diaphragm 9 is all around formed by two planes at an angle to each other, by being, select their inclination angle and the distance and the length thereof of 9 of diaphragms all around, make be mapped to around the light of diaphragm 9 can not directly arrive the inside surface of sidewall 4, but diaphragm 9 and reflex on the adjacent diaphragm around can both arriving by a diaphragm.And, this non-rotating symmetrical structure that most of diaphragms 9 all around form can absorb bias light better, thus, require also can reduce for the position of light source 6 and optical receiver 7 and components accuracy, so just form the low detector of a kind of fault sensitivity.
By accompanying drawing 1 as can be seen, the terminal of diaphragm 9 is done sharplyer as far as possible around an interior end that faces toward central stop 10.The advantage of this way is, has only light seldom to fall on this tip, and the light that reflects everywhere just seldom.
In the production run of ablation injection molding, because the lead that adopts has certain thickness, thus sharp degree is limited to some extent, and this restriction can not be satisfied the inner sharp degree requirement of diaphragm 9 all around.The inner of probe unit 1 can reach desirable sharp degree requirement by following method, inserts the magnetic core (profile of tooth or Z-shaped) of better shape in injection molding, to generate above-mentioned the inner.Stria is housed with diaphragm 9 around forming in injection molding, and is furnished with the classification magnetic core of above-mentioned shape in the stria, the magnetic core classification is with stria and middle heart block.Therefore, between the stria of injection molding and classification magnetic core, can generate each tip.
Practical test shows, use simultaneously with diaphragm and optical module parts (diaphragm 9 all around, central stop 10,8 cover plate between measurement) around pointed the inner obviously to reduce basic pulse, and detector can reduce the susceptibility of dust and condensation product.
Can find out also that from accompanying drawing light source 6 and optical receiver 7 lay respectively within chest 16 and 17.Two chests 16 and 17 are contained in covering of measuring chamber 8, are open to the bottom, and its open side was sealed by the end 11.In its front side facing to central stop 10, chest 16 and 17 is closed by a fan window, and an export and import is arranged respectively.
These windows are different with the case window of the astigmatic smoke alarm of now knowing, they are independent parts.Know that now the window of astigmatic smoke alarm is made up of two parts, wherein a part is contained on the cover plate between measurement, and another part then is contained at the end.When loading onto the end, serve problem through regular meeting by mounting strap, between the two halves of window, can form one light slit, disturb thereby give to send light and receive light belt.A case window just can be eliminated this interference, and the position precision between the two halves of window can not cause this class problem.
As shown in Figure 2, between window 18 its first half of chest 16 and the latter half a skew is arranged, form is as two scissors.Therefore, the injection molding of design need not same template, and like this, the skew two halves that have of light import and outlet can adopt separately molded element, so these windows can obtain accurate design shape and bright and clean surface.
Claims (10)
1. smoke alarm, it has a kind of probe unit (1) that is fixed in base, one contains a light source (6), an optical receiver (7), between a measurement (7), a central stop (10), the optical module (5) of (11) and a tortuous sealing system at the bottom of one, the sealing system contains some diaphragms (9), they be distributed in (8) between measurement around, it is characterized in that: the diaphragm (9) around so designing, make that on most of diaphragms light source (6) sends the incident angle of light beam and incident angle that optical receiver (7) is received light beam all is a constant.
2. according to the smoke alarm of claim 1, it is characterized in that, select the incident angle and the shape of diaphragm all around for use, make incident light and unabsorbed light as far as possible around diaphragm (9) between reflection.
3. according to the smoke alarm of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the side facing to central stop (10), the front end of door screen (9) is done sharplyer as far as possible earlier all around.
4. according to the smoke alarm of claim 3, it is characterized in that, light source (6) and optical receiver (7) all place respectively in the chest (16 and 17), in a side facing to central stop (10) front portion, chest is separated by its single face window (18), and chest (16) has a light outlet and import respectively with the single face window (18) of (17).
5. according to the smoke alarm of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that all there is the surface of a gloss diaphragm (9), central stop (10) and selectable some other parts of optical module (5) or its whole inboard all around.
6. according to the smoke alarm of claim 5, it is characterized in that optical module (5) is made by injection molding, in this injection molding, those make the parts of glassy surface at least, and its surface quality must be enough good, to guarantee to make this kind glassy surface.
7. according to the smoke alarm of claim 6, it is characterized in that injection molding has a kind of plane of polishing on its parts.
8. according to the smoke alarm of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that during the design end (11), the plane that its center is formed than its Edge Distance light source (6) and optical receiver (7) is far away.
9. smoke alarm according to Claim 8 is characterized in that, the end (11) have and a kind ofly sieve shape or netted structure (13), thereby are designed to a bug deflector.
10. according to the smoke alarm of claim 9, it is characterized in that, the end (11), have many thin slices that extend upwardly (14 at its inside surface facing to (8) between measuring, 15), by selecting their layout, quantity, height and phase mutual edge distance, on the one hand, feasible light by (11) at the bottom of the interior directive between measuring has just dropped on thin slice (14 before in the arrival end (11), 15) on wherein one, and optical receiver (7) end of from (11) only visible thin slices (14,15), on the other hand, by thin slice (14,15) stop light from outside from outside penetrate (8) between measurement, make optical receiver (7) exempt from extraneous light irradiation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96111753.8 | 1996-07-22 | ||
| EP96111753A EP0821332A1 (en) | 1996-07-22 | 1996-07-22 | Smoke detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1198237A true CN1198237A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
Family
ID=8223021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97190934A Pending CN1198237A (en) | 1996-07-22 | 1997-07-15 | Smoke alarm |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0821332A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20000064237A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1198237A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU725417B2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL325923A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998003948A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA975813B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7365846B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2008-04-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Scattered light smoke detector |
| CN104408863A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Dual light path fire smog detection smoke chamber |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6521907B1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2003-02-18 | Pittway Corporation | Miniature photoelectric sensing chamber |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3345688C2 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1986-06-19 | Hartwig Dipl.-Ing. 2409 Scharbeutz Beyersdorf | Scattered light - smoke alarm |
| JP2648560B2 (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1997-09-03 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Scattered light smoke detector |
| US5400014A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-21 | Detection Systems, Inc. | Smoke detector with dark chamber |
-
1996
- 1996-07-22 EP EP96111753A patent/EP0821332A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-06-30 ZA ZA9705813A patent/ZA975813B/en unknown
- 1997-07-15 WO PCT/CH1997/000271 patent/WO1998003948A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-07-15 AU AU33329/97A patent/AU725417B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-07-15 KR KR1019980701585A patent/KR20000064237A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-07-15 CN CN97190934A patent/CN1198237A/en active Pending
- 1997-07-15 PL PL97325923A patent/PL325923A1/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7365846B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2008-04-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Scattered light smoke detector |
| CN1662942B (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2010-05-12 | 西门子公司 | Scattered-light alarm |
| CN104408863A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Dual light path fire smog detection smoke chamber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU725417B2 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
| KR20000064237A (en) | 2000-11-06 |
| WO1998003948A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 |
| EP0821332A1 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
| AU3332997A (en) | 1998-02-10 |
| PL325923A1 (en) | 1998-08-17 |
| ZA975813B (en) | 1998-01-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent for invention or patent application | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: CERBERUS AG TO: SIEMENS CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY GMBH |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Zurich Applicant after: Siemens Building Technologies AG Address before: Swiss Manny Dov Applicant before: Cerberus AG |
|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |