CN1194070C - Petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process and unit - Google Patents
Petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process and unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1194070C CN1194070C CN 03108050 CN03108050A CN1194070C CN 1194070 C CN1194070 C CN 1194070C CN 03108050 CN03108050 CN 03108050 CN 03108050 A CN03108050 A CN 03108050A CN 1194070 C CN1194070 C CN 1194070C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process. A vacuum distillation part adopts second-stage vacuum distillation; the charging temperature of a first-stage vacuum tower is from 350 to 390DEG C; the tower top temperature is from 70 to 180 DEG C; the absolute pressure of the tower top is from 60 to 600 mmHg; the tower bottom temperature is from 345 to 385DEG C; the first-stage vacuum tower is provided with side lines for extracting diesel oil and wax oil; the bottom oil of the first-stage vacuum tower which is heated to 370 to 425 DEG C enters the second-stage vacuum tower; the tower top temperature of the second-stage vacuum tower is from 70 to 150DEG C; the absolute pressure of the tower top is from 10 to 50 mmHg; the operation is carried out under the tower bottom temperature of 365 to 420DEG C; the second-stage vacuum tower is provided with the side lines for extracting pressure reducing wax oil of each distillation range, and second-stage pressure reducing residue oil is extracted from the tower bottom of the second-stage vacuum tower. When the old device is reformed by making use of the present invention, the present invention has the advantages high utilization rate of the device, investment saving, large operating flexibility and short down time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the refining of petroleum field, particularly a kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation technology and device thereof of oil.
Background technology
Atmospheric and vacuum distillation is first procedure of refining of petroleum, and the crude oil behind desalting and dewatering is cut into various petroleum cuts at atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit.According to dissimilar refineries, as fuel type, fuel-lubricated oil type and chemical industry type, the technology of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is slightly different, but generally includes fore-running part, air distillation part, underpressure distillation part.The fore-running part mainly comprises primary tower (or flashing tower), and it mainly acts on is carburet hydrogen and the water of removing in the crude oil, guarantees the stable operation and the quality product of subsequent technique.Air distillation partly comprises atmospheric pressure kiln, atmospheric tower, and air distillation generally can cut out reformer feed, solvent oil, kerosene, diesel oil etc.Underpressure distillation partly comprises vacuum furnace, vacuum distillation tower, and underpressure distillation can cut out lube cut or catalysis or hydrocracking raw material." Chinese oil Refining Technologies " (Sinopec press, December in 1991 the 1st edition, ISBN7-80043-216-5/TE.040, the 52nd～56 page) has detailed introduction to this.Because the major equipment of above-mentioned technology has primary tower (or flashing tower), atmospheric pressure kiln, atmospheric tower, vacuum furnace and vacuum distillation tower, therefore be called for short " two stoves, three towers " technical process.
China adopts above-mentioned " two stoves, three towers " technical process mostly at the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit of 2,500,000 tons of/year scale series of the 1970s and 1980s in last century and the construction of the nineties initial stage.Along with Economic development, society increases day by day to the needs of petroleum products, and originally 2,500,000 tons of/year scales can not satisfy the production needs, need carry out capacity expansion revamping to original device, and improved crude Treatment ability is mostly above 5,000,000 tons/year.Industrial modification scheme commonly used has at present:
1, it is constant to keep single series " two stoves, three towers " three-stage distillation flow process, the transformation that reuses of major equipment shell (stove) body
This modification scheme mainly is applicable to all relatively large device of ability of former atmospheric tower, vacuum distillation tower and process furnace.But owing to be subjected to the restriction of atmospheric tower tower diameter, this scheme needs to extract the load that more petroleum naphtha reduces atmospheric tower at primary tower as far as possible.This modification scheme investment is less, but improved treatment capacity is limited, is example to process husky light oil, adopts this scheme that similar 2,500,000 tons of/year devices are transformed, and is limited to 4,300,000 tons/year on the device.
2, it is constant to keep single series " two stoves, three towers " three-stage distillation flow process, and major equipment " transposition " reuses
Utilize the reforming mode of this scheme more, as adopt that former Φ 6400mm vacuum distillation tower housing reuses, atmospheric tower upgrades, process furnace reuses transformation, primary tower utilizes atmospheric tower, stripping tower to utilize the modification scheme of primary tower; The device that has can adopt vacuum distillation tower to upgrade, former vacuum distillation tower is used as atmospheric tower, former atmospheric tower is used as primary tower, atmospheric pressure kiln upgrades, former atmospheric pressure kiln is used as schemes such as vacuum furnace.This reforming mode is owing to be still the single series flow process, and energy consumption is lower, and investment differs greatly because of the change amount is different, but shortcoming is because main equipment " transposition " reuses, and the device downtime period is longer.
3, bi serie normal pressure flow process
On the basis of former normal decompression flow process, a newly-increased cover normal pressure (comprising primary tower, atmospheric pressure kiln, atmospheric tower etc.); Give full play to the ability of vacuum distillation tower, by changing efficient structured packing, keep the vacuum distillation tower tower diameter constant, thereby form the bi serie normal pressure flow process of 1 decompression of 2 normal pressures, to reach the requirement of format high throughput.Advantages such as this scheme has that the device downtime period is short, processing elasticity big (I to 250 ten thousand tons/year, maximum can arrive 6,000,000 tons/year), flexible operation, but because two cover normal pressure systems are arranged, one-time investment is bigger than normal relatively, and energy consumption is slightly high.
Chinese patent application 00124598.8 (publication number: CN1344780A), disclose a kind of crude distillation technology, increase by a pre-gasification before atmospheric tower, atmospheric tower adopts multistage feeding, reducing the thermal load of air distillation part, and reduce energy consumption and increase treatment capacity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of new technology that existing atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is transformed, the advantage that have the original equipment utilization rate height, reduce investment outlay, turndown ratio is big, stoppage time is short the invention also discloses the device of realizing this technology.
The concrete technical scheme of technology of the present invention is: a kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation of petroleum technology, petroleum is through the fore-running part, the air distillation part, underpressure distillation partly is cut into various petroleum cuts, it is characterized in that: described underpressure distillation partly comprises the second depressurized distillation, be heated to 350～390 ℃ from oil at the bottom of the atmospheric tower at the bottom of the air distillation part normal pressure Tata and advance the one-level vacuum distillation tower, the one-level vacuum distillation tower is 70～180 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 60～600mmHg, 345～385 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature, the one-level vacuum distillation tower is established side line and is extracted diesel oil and wax oil out, oil is heated to 370～425 ℃ and advances the second depressurized tower at the bottom of the one-level decompression Tata, the second depressurized tower is 70～150 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 10～50mmHg, 365～420 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature, the second depressurized tower is established side line and is extracted each boiling range decompressed wax oil out, goes out second depressurized residual oil at the bottom of the second depressurized Tata.
A kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation of petroleum device of the present invention comprises fore-running part, air distillation part, underpressure distillation part, and it is characterized in that: underpressure distillation partly comprises one-level vacuum furnace, one-level vacuum distillation tower, second depressurized stove and second depressurized tower.
Technology of the present invention is on tradition often reduces pressure the basis of flow process, by increasing one-level underpressure distillation part newly, before and after shift part normal pressure load and decompression stress respectively to the one-level vacuum distillation tower, promptly adopt " three stoves, four towers " multi-step pressure reduction distillatory novel process of primary tower-atmospheric pressure kiln-atmospheric tower-one-level vacuum furnace-one-level vacuum distillation tower-second depressurized stove-second depressurized tower, to satisfy the requirement of device amount of finish.Compare with the common scheme of foregoing several capacity expansion revampings, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, main equipment shell (stove) body can reuse constantly substantially, and the original equipment utilization rate height is reduced investment outlay.
2, Xin Zeng one-level vacuum furnace and one-level vacuum distillation tower can carry out prefabricated work in advance, shorten construction period.
3, turndown ratio is bigger.
4, with respect to the single series atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, energy consumption is more or less the same.
Following table has been listed employing " two stoves, three towers " three-stage distillation (option A) and has been adopted the present invention's " three stoves, four towers " multi-step pressure reduction distillation (option b) to a concrete transformation project, the contrast at aspects such as scrap build amount, civil engineering amount, construction period and investments.
Option A and option b comparable situation
Existing situation modification scheme A modification scheme B before the project reconstruction
Nominal treatment capacity (ten thousand tons/year) 250 500 500
Matter oil in the matter oil Saudi Arabia in the matter oil Saudi Arabia in processing crude oil Saudi Arabia
Major equipment is transformed situation
Primary tower Φ 3000mm housing reuses, and changes the column internals housing and reuses, and changes column internals
Atmospheric tower Φ 4200mm housing reuses, and part is changed the column internals housing and reused, and part is changed column internals
The newly-built Φ 2200mm of atmospheric stripping tower Φ 1400mm * 27600mm housing reuses, and part is changed column internals
The newly-built Φ 7000mm of vacuum distillation tower Φ 3200mm/ Φ 6000mm * 45601mm housing reuses, and part is changed column internals
The one-level vacuum distillation tower does not have newly-built Φ 4000mm * 28000mm
Atmospheric pressure kiln 27.8MW is newly-built to reuse, local flow improvement
Reuse former atmospheric pressure kiln and transform reuse (not transforming substantially) of vacuum furnace 9.9MW
The one-level vacuum furnace does not have newly-built load Q=16630kw
Flow setting is simple slightly complicated
(reality can be processed the former upper limit 530 upper limits 600 to turndown ratio
Ten thousand tons/year of oil masses)
Newly-built vacuum distillation tower civil engineering situation relatively
Stake number/root 188 38
Basis diameter/m 16.82 (vacuum distillation tower) 9.86 (one-level vacuum distillation towers)
Basis concrete amount/m3 585 102
Planimetric position need be shifted (can arrange)
Construction period (shut-down period) 120 days 40 days
Unit engineering investment (Renminbi) 19860 yuan 18219 yuan
As seen from the table, option b (adopt of the present invention multi-step pressure reduction distillation scheme) is though the conventional normal decompression flow process of flow process is slightly complicated, the original equipment utilization rate height, and the improvement project amount is little, invest little, short construction period, operates to have bigger elasticity and handiness.
Though the present invention proposes at old plant modification, be suitable for too for new device.New device adopts the present invention, can bring into play operation and have the bigger elasticity and the advantage of handiness.
Further specify the present invention below by accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is not construed as limiting concrete application form of the present invention for explanation the present invention draws.
Accompanying drawing and description of drawings:
Fig. 1: fore-running part of the present invention, air distillation part typical flowchart;
Fig. 2: underpressure distillation part typical flowchart of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: multi-step pressure reduction distillation of the present invention is compared with traditional three-stage distillation, main difference is to have increased one-level vacuum furnace and one-level vacuum distillation tower, extract part diesel oil and part wax oil at the one-level vacuum distillation tower, to alleviate the load of former atmospheric tower and vacuum distillation tower.
As shown in Figure 1, crude oil 1 is through heat exchange to 100～150 ℃, advance electrical desalter 2 and carry out desalting and dewatering, primary tower 3 ℃ is advanced in crude oil heat exchange to 200～250 behind the desalting and dewatering, 80～160 ℃ of primary tower 3 tower top temperatures, 180～245 ℃ of column bottom temperatures, cat head is established trim the top of column and is extracted fore-running overhead gas 4 and fore-running overhead oil 5 out, oil 6 is heated to 300～350 ℃ of laggard atmospheric towers 8 through the laggard atmospheric pressure kiln 7 of heat exchange at the bottom of the primary tower, and the operational condition of atmospheric tower 8 is: 295～345 ℃ of 110～150 ℃ of tower top temperatures, cat head gauge pressure 0.08MPa, column bottom temperature.Atmospheric tower 8 can be established 3～4 side lines as required, and cat head is extracted Atmospheric Tower gas 12, petroleum naphtha 9 and atmospheric overhead 13 out, and a normal line 14, normal two wires 15, atmosphere 3rd side cut 16 go out device after stripping tower 11 is by stripped vapor 10 strippings.Can not establish stripping tower 11 to chemical refinery, each side line directly goes out device.
As shown in Figure 2, oil 17 is heated to 350～390 ℃ of laggard one-level vacuum distillation towers 19 through the laggard one-level vacuum furnace 18 of heat exchange at the bottom of the atmospheric tower, and one-level vacuum distillation tower 19 is in 70～180 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 60～600mmHg, 345～385 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature; One-level vacuum distillation tower 19 cat head pipelines 31 with vacuumize facility and link to each other, extract overhead gas out and also keep the top vacuum degree, trim the top of column is extracted decompression diesel oil 20 out, side line is extracted one-level decompressed wax oil 21 out.One-level VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM oil 22 advances second depressurized tower 24 after the laggard second depressurized stove 23 of heat exchange is heated to 370～425 ℃, second depressurized tower 24 is in 70～150 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 10～50mmHg, 365～420 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature; Second depressurized tower 24 cat head pipelines 25 with vacuumize facility and link to each other, extract overhead gas out and keep the top vacuum degree, second depressurized tower 24 can be established 3～4 side lines and extract the second depressurized wax oil out, be illustrated as the situation of establishing 4 side lines, vacuum 1st side cut second depressurized wax oil 26, second line of distillation second depressurized wax oil 27, subtract three-way second depressurized wax oil 28, subtract four line second depressurized wax oils 29 and second depressurized residual oil 30 goes out device.For lubricated oil type refinery, one-level vacuum distillation tower 19 and second depressurized tower 24 can be established stripping tower as required, go out device after each side line is extracted out oily stripping.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation of petroleum technology, petroleum is through the fore-running part, the air distillation part, underpressure distillation partly is cut into various petroleum cuts, it is characterized in that: described underpressure distillation partly comprises the second depressurized distillation, be heated to 350～390 ℃ from oil at the bottom of the atmospheric tower at the bottom of the air distillation part normal pressure Tata and advance the one-level vacuum distillation tower, the one-level vacuum distillation tower is 70～180 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 60～600mmHg, 345～385 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature, the one-level vacuum distillation tower is established side line and is extracted diesel oil and wax oil out, oil is heated to 370～425 ℃ and advances the second depressurized tower at the bottom of the one-level decompression Tata, the second depressurized tower is 70～150 ℃ of tower top temperatures, absolute pressure of top of the tower 10～50mmHg, 365～420 ℃ of operations down of column bottom temperature, the second depressurized tower is established side line and is extracted each boiling range decompressed wax oil out, goes out second depressurized residual oil at the bottom of the second depressurized Tata.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03108050 CN1194070C (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2003-05-08 | Petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process and unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03108050 CN1194070C (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2003-05-08 | Petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process and unit |
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| CN1194070C true CN1194070C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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| CN 03108050 Expired - Lifetime CN1194070C (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2003-05-08 | Petroleum atmospheric vacuum distillation process and unit |
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| CN114437755A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-06 | 山西潞安煤基清洁能源有限责任公司 | Coal-to-liquid product delivery system |
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2003
- 2003-05-08 CN CN 03108050 patent/CN1194070C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107249728A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-10-13 | 西门子公司 | Method and synthesis reactor for implementing chemical synthesis |
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| CN1454965A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
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Owner name: SINOPEC LUOYANG ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION |
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Address after: 471003 Zhongzhou West Road, Henan, China, No. 27, No. Patentee after: LUOYANG PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING CORPORATION, SINOPEC Address before: 471003 Zhongzhou West Road, Henan, China, No. 27, No. Patentee before: Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co.,Ltd./SINOPEC |
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