CN1191164A - Mould core device capable of simple taking out mandrel for cold forging and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A mould core unit for cold forging with mandrel taken out easily is composed of two bearing parts at both sides of mandrel, and coaxial internal and external spring parts. When it is used to forge shaped workpiece having hole, mandrel is passed through the hole and said two bearing parts and two spring parts are installed. The anti-press elastic force of spring parts can resist against the forge force to wall. After forged, taking out the mould core easily can smooth the hole wall.

Description

The cold forging of simple and easy taking-up axle mould core device and using method thereof

Employed mould core device and using method thereof when the present invention relates to metal forging processing technique field forging hollow forging are meant a kind of cold forging mould core device and using method thereof especially.

FMT is fully adopted by the dealer at metal manufacture field now, and its effect can make the intensity of being forged thing itself improve, and is used in demand abrasion performance, resistance to compression, shearing resistance usually ... etc. the workpiece of occasion carry out forging processing.According to the mode of existing forging processing in the streets, be to divide into: the crowded forging (STATIONARY-SPINDLESWAGER) of the extruding of swaging (ROTARY SWAGER), location king post system, rock king post system crowded forging (CREEPING-SPINDLE SWAGER), interactively squeeze forging (ALTERNATE-BLOW SWAGER) or the closed crowded forging of punching block (DIECLOSETNG SWAGER) ... or the like technology; Using these crowded forging technology, is can be at solid forging 1 (as Fig. 1) and hollow forging 10 (as Fig. 2) the execution processing with pore; Yet well-known, the forging with pore form before the above-mentioned crowded forging technology of utilization, is must inspect this pore whether to be easy to wear the mould heart! And could this mould heart still could be removed in the moulding hole wall after the forging and pressing! These two main points have limited some usually and have had roller shape workpiece than special type body (abnormal shape), thereby have produced and be difficult to use the forging means to strengthen the puzzlement of its intensity always.

Therefore, now explain with employed wheel hub on the forging cycle wheel:

Person as shown in Figure 1, it is the embodiment that adopts above-mentioned known FMT cold forging solid forging 1, it must adopt gradual forging to mould program, so that allow and forge molded bent outer wall 11 of arc and both sides ring body 12 shapes that go out wheel drum on the solid forging 1 gradually, and be shaped to Solid wheel of vehicle drum 13, the necessary hole 14 of colluding will be got out again on the ring body 12 subsequently, and must utilize the inner body that forms hole wall 161 of lathe tool 15 processing wheel hubs again, and then finish the known process method that solid forging 1 is shaped to hollow wheel drum 16 finished products; Only know the mode of the system processing of driving a vehicle again after this kind of forging of going ahead of the rest is moulded, too expend the Material Cost of solid forging 1 in fact, the while has also increased the processing procedure that the car system of still needing is holed, and therefore will highlight required material and the too high puzzlement of processing cost; Moreover have in the part of the hollow wheel drum 16 of machine-shaping on the tube wall of bigger forging shape nargin (as Fig. 3), observe its fibre stream phase 17 with metallograph, learn influence because of its car drilling wall 16, the persecution that its part fibre stream phase 17 car systems that are subjected to are blocked, this persecution has impelled the intercrystalline after forging is moulded to produce the situation that stress disperses inequality, therefore cause the intensity of 16 of hole walls can't reach desirable resistance to compression demand, this also is to be one item disappearance;

Secondly, forging at present has in the processing mode of above-mentioned wheel drum 16 of hole wall, also have and adopt tubular hollow forging 10 as base-material (as shown in Figure 2), usually when this kind of tubular hollow forging 10 of forging, be to adopt the above-mentioned known extruding of swaging (ROTARY SWAGER) mode to process, and, the wheel drum of required forging in present embodiment is difficult to push away the arc Qu Kongbi 104 (being special-shaped hole wall) that pulls out because of having, therefore when 10 executions of centering hollow forging part are swaged, be in base hole 101, to put the mould heart, therefore, can only adopt less forging and pressing that this hollow forging 10 is carried out the gradual extrusion process of swaging, impel hollow forging 10 type that is swaged to gradually to go out the bent outer wall 102 of arc of wheel drum, arc Qu Kongbi 104 and both sides ring body 103 shapes, and be shaped to hollow wheel drum 106, necessaryly collude hole 105 with getting out on the ring body 103 more subsequently, and then finish the known process method that hollow forging 10 is shaped to hollow wheel drum 106 finished products; So know again, the processing mode of this kind of hollow forging 10 of swaging, though solid forging 1 is not still needed with car system procedure for processing to remove the uprush processing procedure and the phenomenon that expends Material Cost of the material between inner hole wall as described above, but because of not having the hollow forging 10 of the mould heart through swaging when extruding, the pressure of swaging that it can bear is less, therefore the forger part for the treatment of that only is fit to have the tube wall that approaches uses, can't be implemented on the moulding forging of demand advantages of higher compressive strength and be used, this is desirable confined condition to the greatest extent of one item; Moreover through the made moulding hollow wheel drum 106 of this hollow forging 10 of swaging, have on the tube wall of bigger forging shape nargin (as Fig. 4) in its part and observe its fibre stream mutually 107 with metallograph, do not learn because of having the mould heart in the hole wall 104 and can resist the influence of forging and pressing, made its fibre stream crowded phenomenon of subsides of the non-fastness of 107 generation acute angles mutually, therefore a little less than the stress raiser between its grain structure is highly brittle, and become the easy fracture place of hollow wheel drum 106 when bearing external force of global formation, this is to be its maximum defective place.

Forging has high-intensity hollow molding object based on the demand, in enumerating the method for being implemented at present, has confirmed to be difficult to obtain the plastotype effect of high strength quality all, and has been for there being a big FMT blind spot for a long time; A kind of " cold forging of simple and easy taking-up axle with mould core device and using method thereof " of therefore being set forth in the present invention promptly is the problem points that can overcome in the aforementioned known forging technology to be difficult to implement; Therefore,

Main purpose of the present invention is: provide a kind of and hold the mould core device of holding the hole wall purposes as the opposing forging and pressing when supplying with cold forging, impel after forging processing and can in the moulding hole wall, take out this mould core device easily, and this mould core device need not be moulded molding heart fabrication steps through what be shaped to the nib form, under can before the maximum diameter of hole can be clogged by demand line-spacing place, inscribing, the opposing forging and pressing are also held and are held the endoporus wall, reach the unitized easy usefulness of module.

Another object of the present invention is: a kind of method of using this mould core device is provided, it is to take out in the moulding hole wall in the mould core device, pull active force by axis direction, can make spirality spring spare reduce its each link footpath, and then the feasible mould core device that adopts this kind of spirality spring spare to be constituted, can in being difficult to push away the moulding nib that pulls out, be removed easily.

A further object of the present invention is: a kind of method of using this mould core device is provided, when its mat pull taking-up mould core device carries each layer spring spare of being located in the moulding hole wall, the constituent parts rectangle spring base end angle of outer spring spare can reach digs the effectiveness of scraping unnecessary burr in the hole wall, improve the flatness of moulding abnormity hole wall side face, exempt the procedure for processing of the follow-up difficult turning abnormity hole wall of implementing by this.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention possesses following all technical characterstic arranged:

1. utilize both sides, an axle center to be nested with two and hold part, two hold the multilayer spring spare of hanging support concentric between part, this extension

The means of holding are earlier two inboards of holding part to be formed several cleat stanchion face, offer on each road cleat stanchion face

Annular groove, so as in the cleat stanchion annular groove of required hanging support spring spare sheathed C type clasp, mat C type clasp

The outer wall button is held the annular space of spring spare, holds the inside and outside of the cover of concentric group between part requirement to reach two

Spring spare.

2. hold part with having two of central hole, its side of boring a hole all offers open slot and is located at therebetween

Cam quick detach driving lever, make between perforation pivot cover axle center and overlap each layer spring spare in the axle center peripheral group

After, energy mat quick detach driving lever is tightened two of both sides, axle center and is held part, puts with this group before keeping forging and pressing processing

The stability of the mould core device between the base hole, the while is after forging and pressing processing, and quick detach loosens by this

Function be beneficial to can be easy taking-up moulding hole wall in mould core device.

3. utilize the one-sided part that holds to hang this outer spring spare specially earlier, utilize opposite side to hold part again and adopt concentric circles

The interior spring spare more than one that the mode hanging support is extra can reach when dismounting or assembling multilayer spring spare by this

To convenience.

4. be mounted on the multiple field spring spare in the hole wall, the concentrically ringed benchmark of its tool, and rectangular for belonging to section

The tension type spring of spring base, as yet not during pressurized the pitch of each link for presenting sturdy state, and

All adopt the left and right interlace mode group of revolving upright between each layer spring spare, make in hole wall and bear forging and pressing when moulding,

The together stacked layer by layer spring base elasticity of the mat shape effect of contracting of the inside and outside layer spring base of each relative position

Power enables to absorb each position not reciprocity forging and pressing of bearing of hole wall ring week, reaches that to prop up hole wall intact

Become the forging type demand of the bent amount of set moulding arc.

5. utilize the rectangular extension spring of section as spring spare, outside the rectangle spring base of its per unit section

The side two ends all have incisory acute angle, can scrape moulding along the band plane when pull takes out spring spare by this

The burr of hole wall.

6. the running of the multilayer spring spare of putting by axial pull concentric sets, impelling can mat pull strength between spring spare

And the interference drag effect between outer rim and hole wall, and generation elasticity is reduced the spring between each layer spring spare

The running in footpath makes to reach the effect that is easy to be removed.

Now will process the embodiment of cycle wheel drum with forging, conjunction with figs. and illustrate that in detail the present invention is as the back:

Fig. 1: be for adopting the engineering that adds of solid forging forging moulding hollow wheel drum finished product in the known technology

Preface figure;

Fig. 2: be for adopting the cannulated forging to make adding of type hollow wheel drum finished product in the known technology

Worker's programme diagram;

Fig. 3: be local fibre stream phase schematic diagram for hollow wheel drum finished product shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4: be local fibre stream phase schematic diagram for hollow wheel drum finished product shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 5: be the bulging solid of desiring to make for the cited Cold Forging mode of the present invention of cycle wheel

Figure;

Fig. 6: be three-dimensional assembled state figure for mould core device of the present invention;

Fig. 7: be for mould core device of the present invention being worn the state cut-away view of organizing in treating the forging stock hole;

Fig. 8: be to be the partial cutaway diagrammatic sketch of the present invention's example shown in Figure 7 when bearing forging and pressing;

Fig. 9: for mould core device of the present invention in bear forging and pressing plastotype finish after appropriate placing in the moulding hole wall

Cut-away view;

Figure 10: be successively to take out the cut-away view in inside and outside spring spare and axle center thereof down for Fig. 9 state of the present invention;

Figure 11: be to amplify cut-away view for Figure 10 state of the present invention digs the part of scraping moulding hole wall burr down;

Figure 12: be to show mutually for the local fibre stream that adopts the made hollow wheel drum of method for making of the present invention finished product

Intention.

At first consult as shown in Figure 5, the present invention is the object of implementing as forging with employed wheel hub 2 on the cycle wheel, and will be illustrated in the back:

The present invention adopts a tubular blank 20 (as shown in Figure 7) as base-material to be forged, and can adopt the described various forging processing mode of swaging or squeeze forging of aforementioned background to carry out on demand arbitrarily, its special main points, be to be that the present invention adds in addition to set up a mould core device 4 (as shown in Figure 6), be able to this wheel hub before forging not present outer base wall 202 and base hole wall 201 forms with flat tubulose, be forged into moulding outer wall 212 and moulding hole wall 211 forms (as shown in figure 10) with arc-curved shape.

As shown in Figure 6, the member of mould core device 4 of the present invention composition is to comprise: an axle center 40, both sides are held part 41 and 42, outer spring spare 43 and interior spring spare 44 etc. and are constituted; Wherein (cooperate shown in Figure 7):

These both sides hold form on the inner side end of part 41 and 42 supply with hitch in the cleat stanchion 411 and 421 of spring spare 44 or outer spring spare 43 purposes, whole center of holding part 41 and 42 is provided with perforation 401 and 402, and in its perforation 401 and 402 1 distolateral opening groove 410 and 420 of being shaped on, opening groove 410 and a side of 420 have placed clamping bar 413 and 423, this clamping bar 413 and 423 is all to be subjected to hub setting in the two cam quick detach driving levers 412 that hold on part 41 and 42,422 interlocks can control punch 401 and the convergent-divergent of 402 pore size;

Two hold the cleat stanchion 411 and 421 of institute's moulding on the part, its quantity be can according to the institute desire to hitch the quantity of spring spare 43 or 44 and make the majority the scalariform face, these cleat stanchions 411 and 421 diameter all be slightly less than desire the spring spare 43 of hitch or 44 internal diameter, and all offer annular groove 414 and 424 on each cleat stanchion 411 and 421, as the C type clasp 45 in good time group of cover equal potential belt footpath and 46 place;

Spring spare 44 and outer spring spare 43 all belong to the spirality extension spring in being somebody's turn to do, therefore under the state of not stressed stretching per unit ring body interior and outside spring base all be tight subsides and touch state, and the length of inside and outside spring spare is decided on the base hole length of desire to wear group, and inside and outside spring spare 44 and 43 per unit spring base section are all and present rectangle form (as shown in Figure 7) simultaneously;

Via introduction with the upper member assembly properties, outer spring spare 43 wherein only can adopt only single, and interior spring spare 44 can be more than one or one, yet be in the present embodiment with single only in a spring spare 44 explain, its purpose comprises the interior spring spare 44 that adopts more than one (refer to concentric circles but have the internal layer spring spare in different springs footpath).

Therefore when installing (cooperation Figure 6 and Figure 7), be axle center 40 to be placed through to treat in the forging stock hole 201 earlier; Inferiorly in the one-sided appropriate location annular groove 414 that holds the cleat stanchion 411 on the part 41, be nested with C type clasp 46, so as the perimeter wall of this C type clasp 46 of mat buckle tangle in spring spare 44 these side outmost turns annular spaces; Again opposite side is held in the appropriate location annular groove 424 of the cleat stanchion 421 on the part 42 and be nested with C type clasp 45, tangle outer spring spare 43 these side outmost turns annular spaces so that the perimeter wall of this C type clasp 45 of mat is buckled; 40 both sides, axle center in base hole 201 organize respectively that cover is one-sided to be held interior spring spare 44 and the opposite side that part 41 hangs with it and hold the outer spring spare 43 that part 42 hangs with it by this, impel two perforation 401 and 402 of holding part 41 and 42 to be placed in 40 both sides, axle center respectively, and in, outer spring spare 44 and 43 all adopts the concentric circles mode to hold and is placed in the base hole 201, also mat is dialled the tight two cam quick detach driving levers 412 and 422 that hold on part 41 and 42 subsequently, enable very moving clamping bar 413 and 423 and the contract spacing of opening groove 410 and 420 of bundle, and then tighten and be set in two of 40 both sides, axle center and hold perforation 401 and 402 on part 41 and 42, with two on the axle center 40 that reaches 201 both sides, strong fix base hole hold part 41 and 42 and hang in it in, outer spring spare 44 and 43 promptly forms the form of having adorned appropriate mould core device 4 before waiting to forge in the base hole 201 of tubular blank 20 shown in Figure 7;

By this, make in the both forming bodies pile crown 5 that utilizes required arbitrary money forging die machine and forge and press processing (as shown in Figure 7), one when pile crown 5 presses down the crowded forging of blank 20 walls (as shown in Figure 8), these contain in, outer spring spare 44 and 43 is pressurized immediately, and the elastic force that mat itself has is resisted this forging and pressing active force, impel the base wall energy stable in the moulding nargin scope of depression, carry out the forging 21 that progressive formation forging type as shown in Figure 9 finishes and contain mould core device 4 forms, this moment, outer spring spare 44 and 43 elastic restoring force are the resistance intensity less than moulding hole wall 211, therefore in, outer spring spare 44 and stable being limited in the moulding hole wall 211 of 43 quilts, and possess an elastic restoring force that stores;

In moulding hole wall 211, take out the method for mould core device 4, be that the cam quick detach driving lever 412 that holds part 41 of spring spare 44 unclamps in will hanging earlier, impel the state of tightening in its perforation 401 disengagings and axle center 40, and be guide rail with axle center 40, adopt a left side, rock on the right side and pull holds spring spare 44 in the related taking-up of mode of part 41, because of being subjected to the shape extruding of contracting of the related elasticity of outer spring spare 43, the outer shroud of interior spring spare 44 influences this moment, spring spare 44 also produces the micro-elasticity shape of contracting in making, but because of still leaving the space that can be compressed the shape of contracting in the inside and 40 in the axle center of interior spring spare 44, therefore utilize rock mode that pull holds part 41 make related in each position spring base of spring spare 44 all can be rocked power and be broken away from spring spare in pull takes out by this (as Figure 10 left side) with the inwall of outer spring spare 43; Immediately, the only surplus outer spring spare 43 that holds part 42 and hung that places on the axle center 40 that still connects in the moulding hole wall 211, and these outer spring spare 43 inside and 40 in axle center also have the space (as Figure 10 right side) that can be compressed the shape of contracting, be still to tighten under the state in axle center 40 to hold part 42 this moment, change and adopt direct pull to hold part 42 and institute connects the mode of putting axle center 40 and outer spring spare 43, make outer spring spare 43 be subjected to the influence of the stretching action power and the elastic restoring force in ring week thereof, allow the anxious desire of per unit elasticity support acute angle 431 positions of the rectangle spring base of recovery, all can strike off in the moulding hole wall 211 through the stressed burr that generate 213 of press forging (as shown in figure 11) along the stretching action force direction, certainly this phenomenon is to make as the employing spring steel because of 43 of outer spring spares, and its hardness is far above generally being forged the made moulding hole wall 211 of metal material.Therefore, be able to simple and easy taking-up mode, reach synchronous execution and dig the effectiveness of scraping the burr in this moulding hole wall 211 of leveling with mould core device 4 of the present invention.

As shown in figure 12, the present invention with aforementioned commonly used can on the ring body 21 of forging moulding, bore to make collude hole 22; Simultaneously, more special person, be utilize of the present invention group put can the convenient mould core device that takes out forge mould processing after, observe its fibre stream phase 23, it is the curved attitude of arc that is progressive, this shows that the crystal grain after forging is moulded hands over the existing person of nodal tissue even, that is the crystal grain polymerization effect in the bigger tube wall of moulding demand is preferable, can possess bigger compression strength.

Moreover, being placed in described in the mould core device 4 of the above-mentioned enforcement of the present invention treated the interior spring spare 44 in the forging stock hole wall 201 and the annular groove 414 and C type clasp 46 of cleat stanchion 411 thereof, therefore and limited its quantity is not, in fact, the spring number of packages amount that this mould core device 4 is comprised, should look the size of institute's desire opposing forging type active force, and both sides can be held part 41 and 42 and 40 in its axle center is nested with two (refer to outer spring spare 43 and in spring spare 44) or two above concentric circles simultaneously but the different spring spare in spring footpath (referring to increase the group amount of putting of the interior spring spare 44 of Different Diameter degree), impel between each spring spare and to prop up in moulding hole wall 211 in layering layer by layer in the mode of interlaced rotary orientation and absorb and forge and press; Certainly, the mode of its taking-up also is with above-mentioned, earlier outermost layer is rocked extraction in the lump with spring spare in interior monolateral all quantity of holding the hanging support of part institute, subsequently again will the direct pull taking-up of outermost spring spare, and the mode of the synchronous strickling of employing hole wall burr for it, and it is very convenient therefore to implement.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of cold forging mould core device of simple and easy taking-up axle, it is characterized in that: this device comprises an axle center, two are held part, single only have than the outer spring spare of big spring footpath specification and the interior spring spare with less spring footpath specification more than or, wherein: utilize one to hold the interior spring spare of part with concentric circles mode hanging support requirement, utilize another to hold the outer spring spare of part hanging support, and the axle center is placed through in the base hole, again the both sides, axle center are placed respectively two hold part and institute's carry thereof in, outer spring spare, impel in the base hole and form to hold between the axle center be loaded with concentrically ringed in, outer several layers of spring spare form.

2, the cold forging mould core device of simple and easy taking-up axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: form on the inner side end that these two are held part to supply with and hitch the cleat stanchion of spring spare purposes, and two centers of holding part are provided with perforation, in its distolateral opening groove that is shaped on of boring a hole, the opening groove outside has placed clamping bar, this clamping bar is all to be subjected to hub setting in the cam quick detach driving lever institute interlock that holds on the part, can control the convergent-divergent of the piercing aperture size of holding part, and the ladder quantity of cleat stanchion be can according to the institute desire to hitch the quantity of spring spare and make the majority the scalariform face, and all offer annular groove on the cleat stanchion, all can organize the C type clasp in cover equal potential belt footpath in each annular groove, use at two and hold the cleat stanchion of selecting suitable footpath degree on the part, and utilize C type clasp on the annular groove be held in this cleat stanchion, with spring spare in hitching or this side outmost turns annular space of outer spring spare, reach in the running of holding extension group spring spare on the part.

3, the cold forging mould core device of simple and easy taking-up axle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: interior spring spare and outer spring spare all belong to spiral helicine extension spring, and its per unit spring base section is all and presents the rectangle form.

4, the cold forging mould core device of simple and easy taking-up axle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be positioned at the base hole and hold the inside and outside spring spare that carries, all adopt the concentrically ringed several layers of spring spare form of interlaced corresponding one-tenth of left and right spiral.

5, a kind of method of using the cold forging of the arbitrary described simple and easy taking-up axle of claim 1 to 4 with mould core device is characterized in that: this mould core device is mounted in the base hole of tubular blank to be forged, to accept the running of cold forging plastotype processing; Utilization adds man-hour in the acceptance forging and pressing, inside and outside several layers of spring spare in the base hole are this forging and pressing active forces of compression elasticity power absorption from outside to inside that mat itself has, impel that the base wall energy is stable finishes plastotype processing, inside and outside subsequently several layers of spring spare also are contained within and possess an elastic restoring force in the moulding hole wall; When in the moulding hole wall that forging is finished, taking out mould core device, be will hang earlier in spring spare hold the part pine from the axle center, adopt left and right rock and pull this hold interior spring spare in the related taking-up moulding of the mode hole wall of part, change the mode that adopts direct pull opposite side to hold part subsequently and take out this and hold part and institute connects axle center and the outer spring spare of putting, and then finish taking-up and forged the interior mould core device of molded hole wall.

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