CN1189865A - Retroreflective material - Google Patents
Retroreflective material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1189865A CN1189865A CN96195156A CN96195156A CN1189865A CN 1189865 A CN1189865 A CN 1189865A CN 96195156 A CN96195156 A CN 96195156A CN 96195156 A CN96195156 A CN 96195156A CN 1189865 A CN1189865 A CN 1189865A
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- layer
- adhesive phase
- top layer
- configuration part
- stretched out
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Abstract
Retroreflective pavement marking material (10) comprises on the top surface thereof an enclosed-lens retroreflective sheet (14) that comprises a monolayer of retroreflective elements wherein first portions of the monolayer are arranged in an upwardly contoured profile (18) and second portions of the monolayer are arranged in a lower, substantially planar position (20).
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to retroreflective marking material.
The background of invention
The pavement marker sign of road axis and sideline (as be positioned at) is crucial, and its can steer motor driver drives vehicle.Pavement marking material has many purposes as the traffic control sign, as People's Bank of China's pavement marker of the short distance lane line on the road, stop rod, intersection and long line lane markings etc.Usually the pavement marking material of form is to have adhesive-backed adhesive tape, and it is applied in the place that needs usefulness on the road surface with required length; The end face of adhesive tape has the color of selecting for use, generally has the characteristic of reflex reflection.
At present, the pavement marker on many planes, its reflex reflection mechanism generally are to rely on to expose lens type optics system, and this system is that transparent beads partly is embedded in the adhesive phase, and described adhesive phase contains the reflective paint particle, as titanium dioxide (TiO
2) or plumbous chromate (PbCrO
4).In use, light penetrates from the headlight of vehicle, enters these microballoons, is refracted and drops on the reflective paint.Part light roughly reflects back towards direction of traffic along original input path, makes the driver to see.
At present existing thin section pavement marker ranges of incidence angles that effective reflex reflection response can be provided is than required narrow sometimes.For example, the pavement marker on plane, its effect depends on and is partially submerged into the microballoon that contains in the above-mentioned diffusion coat of colo(u)r, be easy to see in about 80 meters or shorter distance, but greater than this apart from the time, reflex reflection brightness meeting dies down, and this is in part because incident light has relatively large angle of incidence, and a part is because reflex reflection brightness itself is limited.
The United States Patent(USP) Nos. 4,388,359 of Ethen etc., 4,988,555 of Hedblom, 4 of Hedblom, 988,541 and Hedblom 5,227,221 have disclosed a kind of pavement marker sheet, microballoon wherein has jut, and these microballoons partly are embedded in the adhesive phase that contains pigment, and outstanding from layer.This structure can improve the reflex reflection brightness of big angle of incidence, but the manufacturing cost costliness.
In addition, the failure mode of many pavement marking materials is that the bonding force on itself and road surface weakens and even loses, and makes the sign adhesive tape that the considerable part displacement be arranged.
Be badly in need of cheap thin section Retroflective article now, even these goods also have very high reflex reflection brightness on bigger angle of incidence, even if the reflex reflection brightness that when humidity, still can remain valid for bigger angle of incidence, and durable in use.In addition, also need have the Retroflective article of effective reflex reflection response in the ranges of incidence angles of broad, it can be used for vertical surface, as guardrail, cattle pen (Jersey barrier), bridge pier, wall etc.
The general introduction of invention
The invention provides and have surprising effective reflex reflection performance, and the relatively low new material of manufacturing cost.Material of the present invention has effective reflex reflection performance in bigger angle of incidence (as 85 ° or bigger) scope, and very is suitable for using on vertical surface and horizontal surface.In addition, marking material of the present invention has the bonding force of surprising road pavement, so application life is very long.
List in the end of this manual among the application in used some terminologies.Many explanations hereinafter are concrete to be write with reference to the embodiment as some reflex reflection pavement marking materials of the present invention.Should be appreciated that many aspects of these embodiments equally also are suitable for for the embodiment of retroreflective marking on vertical surface.
In brief, reflecting material of the present invention has top layer, and this top layer comprises many lens type retroreflective elements (for example transparent beads) that expose, and they partly are embedded in the adhesive phase that contains granules of pigments, and partly gives prominence to outside.(promptly substantially perpendicular to layer body) section that the first of this top layer is arranged in that profile stretches out, the second portion of this top layer is arranged in low sometimes substantially on the position on plane.In general, material of the present invention can comprise many described firsts and second portion in a whole continuous sheet material.
Retroreflective marking material of the present invention can be made the form of deflection, can make required color.In addition, material provided by the present invention can be made thin section, and good conformality is arranged, and can fit with the road surface perfectly.If using suitable material makes, retroreflective marking material of the present invention can be resisted the damage effect that traffic brings, can stand and water, salt, oily contacting, stand the effect of ultraviolet ray, grains of sand abrasion, high temperature etc., this advantage makes them be very suitable for the road purposes.They can use the continuity method manufacturing, and manufacturing cost is lower.When marking material of the present invention was used on road as the traffic control sign, the light that it reflected can very easily be seen by the driver, has so just improved safety.
Retroflective article of the present invention is specially adapted to the angle of incidence of incident light greater than about 85 ° occasion, as pavement marker.These goods also are very suitable for the occasion of incident light from many direction incidents.Example comprises the sign of intersection and usually said alignment target.The illustrative example of alignment target comprises being used to of usually being provided with represent the to stop legend and the symbol of obstacle and arrow and lane markings of being provided with on the intersection road surface on the road surface, parking lot.
In addition, Retroflective article of the present invention also is very suitable for vertical surface, and the vertical surface of big angle of incidence is especially arranged when observing, as guardrail, building wall, cattle pen, bridge pier, pillar, cylindrical shape traffic sign etc. along passage.
Brief description of drawings
Further specify the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the plan view of an illustrative pavement marking material part of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of material shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of another kind of illustrative pavement marking material of the present invention.
These figure are Utopian, are not to make in proportion, and it just is used for explanation, does not provide constraints.
The detailed description of illustrative embodiment
Goods of the present invention generally comprise reflex reflection top layer, configuration part (configuration member) or adoptable back lining materials and adhesive phase.The configuration part is used for forming the part that profile is stretched out at goods." stretching out " used herein speech refers to that first usually is elevated out with respect to second portion, and pavement marker be applied to usually horizontal surface on.Should be appreciated that it also can refer to the form that first stretches out with respect to second portion in vertical sign.
Illustrative marking material of the present invention as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.Material 10 comprises top layer 12, and this layer has microballoon 16 and antiskid particles (skid particles) 17 outstanding from adhesive phase 14.The first 18 of top layer 12 is arranged in the section that profile is stretched out, and the second portion 20 of top layer 12 is arranged in low being essentially sometimes on the position on plane.Marking material 10 also comprises backing, and backing also can contain conformal layer (conformance layer) 22 and adhesive phase 24 sometimes, can be fixed on required base material by the adhesive phase marking material, on the road (not shown).In the embodiment illustrated, by the effect of configuration part 19 first 18 is raised and stretch out on second portion 20.
The many composition members of this of retroreflection sheet should be able to all keep being adhered together under all types of weather conditions, when being used for pavement marker, even also under repeated stock stress that causes through retroreflection sheet owing to road vehicles and shear stress condition, also can keep being adhered together.
The microballoon that projection from the adhesive phase that contains granules of pigments is arranged in the top layer.It is various required, bright promptly at the shown true colors of daylight that the advantage of such lens system is that they can be made into.This is particularly useful for the embodiment that is used for rigid pavement or other road surface of relatively becoming clear, and color sign bright on these road surfaces should be able to show contrast and visibility preferably by day.As long as select to be used for the suitable pigments and the dyestuff of adhesive phase, and select colourless or coloured microballoon, can obtain by day and the reflex reflection observation condition under required color.
Generally be used as under the situation of pavement marker, the back lining materials of goods can also have conformal layer and/or coarse cloth layer (scrim layer), and using the reason of these layers is being known in the art.Those of ordinary skills can easily select suitable conformal layer and coarse cloth layer material.
The effect of adhesive is that Retroflective article is bonded on certain surface (as the road surface).If desired, before Retroflective article being pressed together on this surface, can apply layer of adhesive layer or scratch coat earlier from the teeth outwards.Select suitable bonding (as contact adhesive, hotmelt, reactive adhesive etc.) partly to depend on the condition of application, the surrounding environment of base material and the person's character of the goods layer that adhesive phase will be bonding.Those of ordinary skills can easily select the suitable bonding layer.
In general, pavement marking material of the present invention can be wound in web-like.Under this situation, need use a kind of release liner at the end face of marking material or carry out peelable processing, as use siloxanes.
As mentioned above, the section of top layer each several part is that its each first raises in shape and stretches out on each second portion.The part that these profiles on vertical cross section are stretched out has several advantages, for example: (1) can more effectively carry out reflex reflection to the light of big angle of incidence, (2) rainwater that may exist can flow away, (3) because vehicle tyre contacts the part that profile is stretched out repeatedly, just strengthened the bonding force of pavement marking material road pavement.
The section that suitable profile is stretched out is that the setting effect by the configuration part obtains, and the configuration part can be single member, as the interconnective fleece of one deck, or the member that separates of a row, arrange independently fiber or tubercle as one.The configuration part for example is the nylon or the polyester fiber net of one deck point bonding preferably, and used fiber is discontinuous, has opening between the fiber.Material component (as top layer and adhesive phase) around these openings make can directly bond together by the configuration part.The configuration part can be any suitable shape, stretches out as long as they can the some parts with retroreflection sheet as described herein be raised.The configuration part should be a flexibility, so that easily fit with the road surface.
The used configuration part of the present invention is generally polymer.The illustrative example of polymeric material, comprise polyurethane and polyolefin copolymer, as polyethylene-acid copolymer (polyethylene acid copolymer), comprise ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA), ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA), the EMAA of ionomer or EAA.
In some embodiments, first can be discontinuous overshooting shape.This can obtain as the configuration part by using row's tubercle.These tubercles can separate basically, also can couple together by relative thinner long filament.Back one embodiment makes that the processing in the retroreflective marking material manufacture process is more easy.
In some embodiments, first can be banded (strip), and they can be non-intersect basically, also can intersect to be interconnected netted.Every band can be straight basically, also can be crooked, and they can be arranged in sine-shaped nest shape array or other required shape.The shape of first and arrangement have determined the shape of second portion.Some illustrative example of second portion shape have rectangle, rhombus, hexagon.If first intersects, then second portion can be spaced-apart.If first is discontinuous and non-intersect, then second portion is adjacent to each other.Can be used in combination these arrangements as required.
Other component of goods should have enough conformalitys, the section that stretches out with the profile that obtains required top layer.Preferably, the configuration part should be able to be bonded in (if having conformal layer) on the conformal layer voluntarily, can obtain the better final products of durability like this because it is believed that.Netted configuration part can also improve the mechanical performance of pavement marking material except plaing a part this paper discloses, the United States Patent(USP) Nos. 4,146,635 of its effect and Eigenmann and Jones etc. 4,299,874 in the coarse cloth that disclosed similar.
In some embodiments, there are some to be higher than the other parts of first in the part that profile is stretched out.For example, in above-mentioned rectangle embodiment, the part of stretching out perpendicular to the profile of vehicular traffic travel direction is lifted higherly than the part that is parallel to the vehicular traffic travel direction.Like this, the part that higher profile is stretched out can provide effective reflex reflection performance, and the part that lower profile is stretched out then can make rainwater (if present) flow away.
Regardless of the shape of profile extension, preferably to consider the distance between these parts during the height of the part that the selection profile is stretched out.For example, follow the part that each profile of the direction of visual lines of nearly vehicle stretches out and to separate to such an extent that enough open, make shade reduce to minimum.Distance between the part that profile is stretched out (being the width of second portion) should be at least 3 mm wides.In general, the top of first is high about 1 to 4 millimeter than at least 0.1 millimeter of second portion height preferably.The spacing of profile extension can be nearer, and this is for not significantly influence of reflex reflection brightness, but this can make the configuration number of packages amount that needs more than its optimum amount.Equally, also can use the spacing of the part that profile far away stretches out, but this can cause the reduction of brightness in the nearer ken.Yet brightness is unaffected in than the long sight territory." the nearer ken " used herein is meant that the distance between vehicle and the material of the present invention is shorter, according to appointment 30 meters distance." ken far away " is meant that the distance between vehicle and the material of the present invention is far away, according to appointment 120 meters distance.Those skilled in the art can select and design the suitable profile of stretching out according to the present invention.
At the same time or separately prefabricated top layer, configuration part, conformal layer (if present) and adhesive phase lamination are got up with required order, can easily make marking material of the present invention.If desired, can assemble other component earlier, then that top layer is formed thereon.
Advantage of the present invention is: the net as the configuration part is easy to processing, and be easy to add in the marking material to obtain the section that required profile is stretched out, this than in a member selectively mold pressing go out thrust and apply then or form and have the method for the adhesive phase of projection microballoon material to come easilier above it, and cost is lower.
In some embodiments, need in top layer, embed the particle (this particle is called antiskid particles sometimes) that skids of control, so as to improve car in the above adhere to frictional force.Antiskid particles is known in this area.Those skilled in the art can easily select suitable embodiment.
In general, antiskid particles can randomly be sprinkling upon on the top layer when adhesive is soft state.Have been found that near the peak that preferably antiskid particles is arranged at the part that profile stretches out.For example, the retroreflection sheet that will have the part that profile stretches out is on the peak of its first, and a kind of adhesive composition of kiss-coating is taken advantage of adhesive when still moist, and a large amount of antiskid particles are sprinkling upon on the retroreflection sheet.Because the other parts of retroreflection sheet are dry, so particle only is bonded in wet area.Excessive antiskid particles is then removed from the sheet vibration.Then, sheet was sent a series of baking ovens the adhesive of humidity is carried out dry solidification.As a result, antiskid particles just is fixed on the zone, peak of the part that profile stretches out, and obtains non-skid property thus.This processing method can make the reflex reflection performance that some losses are arranged.
Material of the present invention can twine the coiled volume.The projection that the section that is stretched out by profile forms also is unlikely to influence winding process.
In a representative embodiment as the pavement marker that is used for indicating the track, the wide about 7.5-30 of material of the present invention centimetre (3-12 inch) grows and is at least 30 centimetres (12 inches).Pavement marker is much longer usually.Marking material of the present invention is made generally in the size that meets standard material.In the U.S., pavement marking tape generally is about 4,6 or 8 inches wide.In Europe, pavement marking tape generally is about 15 or 30 centimetres wide.
Terminology
This paper has used some definition:
" reference axis " is for inciding the normal direction line of the incidence point on the Retroflective article by light.
" incident axle " is the axle that light path determined of the incident light of incidence point from light source (as the headlight of automobile) directive goods.
" angle of incidence " (also note is made β sometimes) is the angle between reference axis and the incident axle.
" observe axle " and be the axle that catoptrical light path determined of incidence point from goods to point of observation (as driver's eyes) reflection.
" viewing angle " (note is made α sometimes) is the angle between incident axle and the observation axle.
" plane of incidence " is the plane of being determined by reference axis and incident axle.
" viewing plane " is by observing the plane that axle and incident axle are determined.
Under the situation that does not depart from the scope of the invention and spirit, to those skilled in the art, be conspicuous for various changes of the present invention and variation.
Claims (19)
1. retroreflective marking material, it comprises (1) top layer, contain many microballoons in this layer, these microballoons partly embed the front of the adhesive phase that contains granules of pigments, and it is outstanding from the front of adhesive phase, many firsts of described top layer are arranged in the section that profile is stretched out, and many second portions of described top layer are arranged in low basic on the position on plane; (2) configuration part, described configuration part plays a part configuration to described first and second parts; (3) adhesive phase.
2. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described material also comprises conformal layer.
3. material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described conformal layer is placed between described top layer and the described configuration part.
4. material as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described conformal layer is placed between described configuration part and the described adhesive phase.
5. material as claimed in claim 1, the top that it is characterized in that described first is raised at least than described second portion and is stretched out 0.1 millimeter.
6. material as claimed in claim 1, the top that it is characterized in that described first is raised at least than described second portion and is stretched out about 1 to 4 millimeter.
7. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described second portion is wide at least 3 millimeters.
8. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described first is discontinuous overshooting shape.
9. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described first is for banded.
10. material as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described band is disjoint basically.
11. material as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described band intersects and is interconnected netted.
12. material as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described band is straight basically.
13. material as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described band is arranged in sine-shaped nest shape array.
14. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described first is interconnective, so that described second portion is a kind of of following shape: rectangle, rhombus, hexagon.
15. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described material is higher than the reflex reflection brightness of the described goods that do not have described first greater than 85 ° reflex reflection brightness in angle of incidence.
16. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also having antiskid particles in the described material, described antiskid particles is from the positive projection of described material.
17. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described sign is wide about 7.5 to 15 centimetres, grows up in 30 centimetres.
18. a road surface, described road surface indicates with the material of claim 1.
19. material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described material is used for vertically disposed surface, described surface is selected from the side of guardrail, cattle pen, building wall, enclosure wall, utility pole, traffic cone and the vehicles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96195156A CN1189865A (en) | 1995-06-29 | 1996-06-27 | Retroreflective material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60/000,708 | 1995-06-29 | ||
| CN96195156A CN1189865A (en) | 1995-06-29 | 1996-06-27 | Retroreflective material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1189865A true CN1189865A (en) | 1998-08-05 |
Family
ID=5129020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96195156A Pending CN1189865A (en) | 1995-06-29 | 1996-06-27 | Retroreflective material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1189865A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107843946A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-27 | 3M创新有限公司 | Netted reflecting material |
-
1996
- 1996-06-27 CN CN96195156A patent/CN1189865A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107843946A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-27 | 3M创新有限公司 | Netted reflecting material |
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