CN1187148A - Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases - Google Patents
Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1187148A CN1187148A CN 96193042 CN96193042A CN1187148A CN 1187148 A CN1187148 A CN 1187148A CN 96193042 CN96193042 CN 96193042 CN 96193042 A CN96193042 A CN 96193042A CN 1187148 A CN1187148 A CN 1187148A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- nitrogen
- aforementioned
- air mixture
- room
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002772 conduction electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006902 nitrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y02T10/121—
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process and a device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases, in a combustion process operating with the supply of oxygen, in which the oxygen is separated from an oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (the atmosphere). The oxygen is to be separated from the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture in two stages.
Description
The present invention relates to the particularly equipment of harmful substance in the method for nitrogen oxide and the claim 11 minimizing burnt gas as described in the preamble of harmful substance in a kind of claim 1 minimizing burnt gas as described in the preamble.
The method and apparatus that reduces harmful substance in the burnt gas in a burning process that is undertaken by importing oxygen is open.For example according to DE-PS4404681, in the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle that uses the fuel-air mixture of lighting by means of igniter, oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (atmosphere) need remove nitrogen before importing internal combustion engine.For this reason, make oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture by the impervious porous barrier of nitrogen.Make burning to carry out under the condition that imports the air oxygen that is obtained by surrounding air thus, the nitrogen that exists in the air does not then import in the combustion process.Thereby the formation of nitrogen oxide is that the growing amount of nitrogen oxide is reduced significantly at least when having stoped burning.
In addition, but to have a ceramic component of a film of being made up of the material of conduct oxygen ions open.This ceramic component for example is used for measuring the oxygen content in the burnt gas, also promptly as so-called λ probe.The film of known these conduct oxygen ions has different oxygen ion conduction abilities under different temperature and pressure conditions.
In addition, disclose so-called zeolite in the physical chemistry, it is characterized in that having big interior hollow structure, wherein each cavity is interconnected by a certain size aperture.These a certain size aperture for example can by be arranged on the lattice and can freely-movable and the cation of a few tenths of dust size that can exchange at solution regulate.If this zeolite is added oxygen carrier-nitrogen-air mixture, because three-dimensional effect has only diameter can reach the inside of crystal structure less than the molecule of aperture size.Reached sieving actoion thus.Specific molecule diffuses into and passes crystal structure quickly than other molecule under kinetics function, played centrifugation thus equally.In the decomposition of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture, the separating of oxygen and nitrogen based on balancing effect.Here different absorbabilities play a decisive role, make a component for example the adhesion of nitrogen greater than another component oxygen for example.
Advantage with method of the present invention of the described feature of claim 1 is oxygen to be separated from oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture with less energy consumption.According to the present invention, oxygen-nitrogen-air elder brother compound has promptly carried out the enrichment (enriching step) of oxygen in the first step.In second step subsequently, from the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of oxygen coalescence, oxygen is separated (separating step) with pure or approaching pure form.The enrichment of the oxygen that is undertaken by the first step, the energy consumption in the time of can advantageously reducing by second step heating oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture, reason is to heat many unwanted nitrogen together.The enrichment of the oxygen that is undertaken by the first step, the oxygen partial pressure of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture is about pure airborne twice in second step.Can be reduced in second thus significantly goes on foot the compression energy that expends and/or adds heat energy.Under the identical situation of separated oxygen tolerance, only need compression very a spot of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture.
The enrichment of oxygen for example can realize than the easy device that passes through of nitrogen or porous barrier such as plastic foil or zeolite by means of an oxygen in oxygen-nitrogen that the first step is carried out-air mixture.
When using plastic foil in the present invention, use an oxygen plastic foil different to realize the enrichment of the oxygen in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture with the nitrogen permeability in the first step.Oxygen can pass through film quickly, thereby is enriched in the low-pressure side of film.
When using zeolite, oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture is under the higher pressure, wherein preferential absorption and stored nitrogen.In other words, enrichment by the oxygen in the air-flow.Realize the purification of nitrogen in the zeolite in the following manner, promptly zeolite is applied a lower air pressure (regeneration step).For continued operation of the present invention, need alternate operation between at least two zeolite work stations.Through a check-valves switch air-flow, make a zeolite container be in the enriching step of oxygen, and another is in regeneration step.
Therefore, the air mixture by barrier film is rich in oxygen, and the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture that is positioned at before the barrier film is discharged by an outlet.
At second processing step, the oxygen-nitrogen behind the first step collecting oxygen-air mixture is sent to for example ceramic membrane, to separate pure or approaching pure oxygen.Ceramic membrane preferably is made up of the mixed conducting material, that is to say, it is conduct oxygen ions not only, also conduction electron.The present invention preferably heats ceramic membrane.The present invention also can a heating ceramic, and does not heat the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of the enriched in oxygen that wherein imports.But the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of the enriched in oxygen that preferred heating wherein imports is so that make it phenomenon not occur cooling off after entering the pottery of heating.In particularly preferred mode, the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of the enriched in oxygen that forced feed imports.Isolate pure or approaching pure oxygen by the ceramic membrane of mixed conducting, be positioned at ceramic membrane poor oxygenous air mixture before and then discharge by one second outlet.
In particularly preferred described mode, in first and/or second processing step, can carry out the enrichment of another time oxygen, so that improve the dividing potential drop of oxygen once more, wherein make the air mixture that to discharge of oxygen depleted install for example plastic foil by another, this film is higher to the permeability of nitrogen, and lower to the permeability of oxygen.Though the oxygen content of the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of being discharged by first processing step is lower than the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture introduced by the first step inlet or the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture that is sent to second processing step, but it still contains oxygen, so can unconsciously run off.Oxygen-nitrogen-the air mixture that has oxygen depleted at second processing step is equally discharged, so also can cause unconscious oxygen to run off.The present invention is prevented or is reduced the loss of oxygen by following measure, drain other device that part contains the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture that is used to handle oxygen depleted, because nitrogen is than the permeability height of oxygen, can optionally reclaim oxygen thus, can suppress undesirable oxygen in technology thus and run off, and make as the enrichment and/or the higher level of maintenance of separating the oxygen partial pressure that acts on the film that oxygen passes through easily of motive force when not adorning these other device.This has obviously improved the energy balance of the inventive method.
The advantage that the present invention with the described feature of claim 11 is used to reduce the equipment of harmful substance is to realize that at the space of minimum oxygen separate with the low energy consumption of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture by means of simple means.Owing between the outlet of one of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture inlet and isolated oxygen, disposed two devices that oxygen is different with nitrogen gas permeability, can advantageously produce a kind of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of enriched in oxygen at first processing step, and in second processing step, isolate oxygen.These two members can be divided into equipment three chambers, and wherein these members are handled oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture independently of each other between each chamber.So simply mode obtains different oxygen concentrations in each chamber, thus, simply mode is from the higher chamber oxygen separation of oxygen concentration.
The invention is characterized in that respectively there is the outlet of the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of an oxygen balance first and second Room.In particularly preferred embodiments, at least one, preferred two outlets respectively are equipped with other a device, and its permeability to oxygen and nitrogen is different, and particularly the permeability of nitrogen is higher than oxygen.Such device can be a skim, and wherein the permeability of nitrogen is higher, and the permeability of oxygen is lower, so can and make its further enrichment at the first and second Room selective recovery oxygen.
In particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, first device depends on pressure and second device depends on pressure and/or temperature is operated.In particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, first and second devices can be supplied with different pressure independently of each other, thereby can improve oxygen concentration and the energy balance of separating again by causing a kind of additional barometric gradient.Preferred other device that is equipped with equally preferably depends on pressure and/or temperature is operated exporting.Can be that pressure and temperature is adjusted to oxygen separation in various degree with device by means of the means that obtain easily thus.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is by the character representation of other dependent claims.
Further specify the present invention by means of embodiment shown in the drawings below.Wherein:
Fig. 1 represents a kind of device by oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture oxygen separation,
Fig. 2 represents that its middle outlet is equipped with other by the another kind of device of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture oxygen separation
Device,
Fig. 3 represents that one of them chamber is divided into low pressure by the another kind of device of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture oxygen separation
And the higher-pressure region,
Fig. 4 is illustrated in another device of collecting oxygen in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture.
Shown in Figure 1 one totally with 10 a kind of devices of representing by oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture oxygen separation.Device 10 has first Room 12, and it has the inlet 14 of an oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16.First Room 12 is separated with second Room 20 by first device 18 that also will explain.Second Room is separated with the 3rd Room 24 by second device 22 that equally also will explain.The 3rd Room 24 has an outlet 26 of discharging the oxygen 28 that separates by means of device 10.First Room 12 also is equipped with the outlet 30 of aerobic-nitrogen-air mixture 16, in the outlet 30 choke valve 32 is arranged.In addition, the member 34 that loads with 1 pair first Room of first pressure P is equipped with in first Room 12.Second Room 20 has the member 36 that loads with 2 pairs second Room of pressure P.In addition, second Room 20 also has a heater 38, and it for example has a heating spiral 40 that is positioned at chamber 20, and heating spiral 40 links to each other with heater voltage by line 42.In addition, second Room 20 also has 44, one choke valves 46 of an outlet to be positioned at wherein.The 3rd Room 24 has an outlet 48, and a choke valve 50 is wherein also arranged.
By means of equipment of the present invention shown in Figure 1, method of the present invention is carried out in the following manner:
By entering the mouth 14 to first Room, 12 supply oxygen-nitrogen-air mixtures 16.This oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture is made up of the surrounding air of device 10 usually.The choke valve 32 of the outlet 30 of first Room 12 leads to the littler outlet 30 in cross section than inlet 14.By member 34 to first Room, 12 supply pressure P1.Cause thus at first Room 12 of film 52 both sides and the pressure reduction between second Room 20.Since film 52 under differential pressure action to oxygen (O
2) and nitrogen (N
2) the permeability difference, oxygen (O
2) can be than nitrogen (O
2) permeate quickly by film 52.This causes than nitrogen (N
2) amount oxygen (O more
2) penetrate into second Room 20.Here preferably enduringly to first Room, 12 supply pressure P1, so that oxygen (O
2) permeate by film 52 with bigger amount continuously, and nitrogen (N
2) pass through film with less amount continuously.Remaining oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16 is discharged from continuously and controlledly by exporting 30 choke valve 32, wherein oxygen (O in the oxygen-nitrogen of Pai Chuing-air mixture 16
2) content be lower than by the oxygen content of inlet in the 14 oxygen-nitrogen that enters-air mixtures.
By means of first device 18, make the oxygen (O of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture in second Room 20
2) content is higher than the oxygen content in inlet oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16 of 14.Enrichment oxygen (O
2) mixture by means of heater 38 heating, and by means of member 36 supply pressure P2.Compress the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture in second Room 20 thus and ceramic membrane 54 exerted pressure.Can regulate the pressure of second Room 20 by choke valve 46.Ceramic membrane 54 is mixed conducting, thereby has quickened the motion of oxonium ion to the 3rd Room 24 directions.Because oxonium ion has negative potential, by ceramic membrane 54 opposite electrical conductivity has taken place.Constituted the ceramic membrane 54 of mixed conducting thus.The gradient of the oxygen partial pressure of ceramic membrane 54 has formed the motive force that oxonium ion transmits.Therefore, by the pressure P 2 of regulating second Room 20, can regulate oxonium ion 2O
2-content, it penetrates into the 3rd Room 24 in the regular hour unit by second Room 20.
Because in order to realize that oxonium ion must have certain calorific potential energy by the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture in the process of osmosis chamber 20 of ceramic membrane 54, thereby, be equipped with heater 38.Thereby, here only need be than the obvious low energy consumption of common heating oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture, because the oxygen-nitrogen of the oxygen-air mixture that only need heat enrichment.Nitrogen (N
2) lower with respect to the content of total composition, so only need heat a spot of nitrogen.In addition, since second Room in enrichment oxygen (O
2) oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture also have higher oxygen partial pressure, so oxygen ion permeation is also lower by the required P2 of ceramic membrane 54.Therefore, except adding heat energy, saving can also save the compression energy.
Generally speaking,, that is to say at ceramic membrane 54 (oxygen separation) and arrange film 52 (oxygen concentration) before, because the oxygen concentration of mentioning only needs heating and compresses a spot of nitrogen (N by this connection
2), and with higher oxygen partial pressure as the motive force of separating, therefore can reach lower separating energy consumption than (amount of oxygen of total energy consumption/separation).
Penetrate into the 3rd Room 24 oxonium ion can with mix by 48 inert gases that enter that enter the mouth, this inert gas is with oxygen (O
2) be sent to a combustion chamber by exporting 26, carry out combustion process at this by supplying with oxygen.As delivering oxygen (O
2) inert gas, for example can use the burnt gas of combustion process, it is sent to combustion process again by the connection line of a weak point.Here the oxonium ion by infiltration provides enough oxygen to supply with combustion process.Nitrogen (the N that exists in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16
2) thereby do not participate in combustion process, thereby reduced nitrogen oxide NO in the combustion process significantly
xFormation, and only be left the formed nitrogen oxide of nitrogen content in the fuel.
Device and Fig. 1 of Fig. 2 are corresponding, also are equipped with other device 19 and 21 but export 30 and 44.The film of the permeability reduction of these devices and oxygen higher by a kind of nitrogen permeability is formed.Device 19 pressure sides in Fig. 2 at choke valve 32, and install 21 low-pressure sides at choke valve 46. Choke valve 32 or 46 other the relative positions with respect to device 19 or 21 also are possible, for example install 19 and are positioned at the low-pressure side of choke valve 32 and/or install 21 pressure sides that are positioned at choke valve 46.The present invention also can replace choke valve 32 and/or 46 by device 19 and/or 21.
The method of carrying out by means of this equipment is suitable with the explanation of Fig. 1, but the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of the collecting oxygens of being discharged by outlet 30 and 44 will be by nitrogen than the easier device that passes through 19 of oxygen and 21, thereby suppressed the undesirable loss of oxygen by chamber 12 and 20.Compare with the equipment that does not have device 19 and/or 21, this equipment can keep in two chambers higher oxygen partial pressure being arranged, thereby can further reduce enrichment and separate required energy.
Be used for oxygen concentration and the equipment that separates with 10 ' expression in Fig. 3, it is suitable with equipment shown in Figure 2, but chamber 20 is divided into area of low pressure 20 that is equipped with device 18 and the high-pressure area 20 that is equipped with device 54 ".Area of low pressure 20 ' and high-pressure area 20 " for example be connected by one as 36 one-tenth pressure of device of vavuum pump.Therefore, device 18 can be supplied with and install 54 different pressure.By chamber 20 being divided into the zone 20 ' and 20 of different pressures ", can provide and regulate the additional barometric gradient that promotes oxygen separation.The present invention comprises also that certainly the multistep of device 36 realizes, therefore can regulate for example zone 20 ' and 20 " the pressure that is independent of each other basically.Area of low pressure 20 ' preferably has a negative pressure with respect to chamber 12, so that auxiliary adjustment promotes the barometric gradient of oxygen concentration.High-pressure area 20 " have superpressure in opposite mode with respect to chamber 24, so that be formed with the additional barometric gradient that is beneficial to oxygen separation.
Fig. 4 represents another embodiment of first device 18.The device 18 ' of Fig. 4 can be used for replacing the device 18 that illustrated in Fig. 1, although structure is different, for the ease of understanding, the same parts with identical function is still represented with identical number.
Device 18 ' has the inlet 14 of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16.Inlet 14 is connected with first passage 56 and second channel 58.Passage 56 or 58 through a device 60 for example flashboard optionally be connected with inlet 14, perhaps to its switch.In passage 56, be equipped with one section to have the zone 62 that zeolite 64 is housed.Passage 58 also correspondingly has the zone 66 that zeolite 64 is housed.Have the zone 62 and 66 that zeolite 64 is housed in passage 56 and 58, zeolite is preferably filled the whole cross section of passage 56 and 58.Second Room 20 of passage 56 and 58 access equipments 10 (Fig. 1).The zone 62 of containing zeolite 64 and 66 and chamber 20 between, passage 56 and 58 through one have a conveying device 70 for example the arm 68 or 68 ' of a pump be connected.Between the arm 68 or 68 ' and second Room, passage 56 and 58 each locking device 72 by an alternative control are connected perhaps available its switch with chamber 20.Locking device 72 has two interconnective check-valves 74 or 74 ', and they optionally make conveying device 70 or chamber 20 be communicated with passage 56 or 58.
Device 18 ' shown in Figure 4 has following function:
At original state device 60 closing passages 56, so passage 58 is communicated with inlet 14.Simultaneously, locking device 72 makes check-valves 74 ' sealing arm 68 ', and passage 58 is communicated with chamber 20.First passage 56 is communicated with shown device 70 through arm 68, and check-valves 74 disconnects passage 56 and chamber 20.Device 18 ' is through the 14 pressure feed oxygen-nitrogen-air mixtures 16 with about 1 crust that enter the mouth.The zeolite 64 that oxygen-nitrogen-therefore air mixture 16 leads to the zone 66 that is positioned at passage 58.The structure of zeolite 64 absorbs the nitrogen molecule in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16, and oxygen molecule can be by zone 66.Therefore, the oxygen content of the oxygen-nitrogen of second Room-air mixture 16 is higher than inlet 14 places.Then, as shown in Figure 1, be rich in the oxygen-nitrogen-air elder brother compound oxygen separation of oxygen by this.
Because the zone 66 of zeolite 64 is housed certain storage capacity is only arranged, the absorption that therefore can be tending towards nitrogen is saturated, can be optionally for example by following control conversion equipment 18 ' of time.The flashboard of conversion equipment 60 passage 56 is communicated with inlet 14, and passage 58 disconnects with inlet 14.Simultaneously, conversion locking device 72 makes check-valves 74 sealing arms 68, and passage 56 is communicated with second Room 20.Check-valves 74 ' makes arm 68 ' open wide simultaneously, and the passage 58 and second Room 20 are disconnected.The zeolite 64 that is positioned at zone 66 is supplied with a negative pressure through shown device 70.Press the zeolite 64 of known way regeneration zone 66 thus.The pressure of the zeolite 64 by regional 66 changes, and is extracted out by means of conveying device 70 by the nitrogen that oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16 absorbs in the past, has removed nitrogen molecule thus.
When the zeolite 64 in zone 66 was regenerated, oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16 flow through the zeolite 64 in passage 56 zones 62.Carry the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture 16 of collecting oxygen thus to second Room 20 through passage 56 with known manner.
By the structure of selecting arrangement 18 ', particularly, guaranteed continued operation, because the zeolite 64 in zone 62 or zone 66 alternately absorbs nitrogen or regeneration in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture by setting device 60 and locking device 72.
Can be by means of device 18 ' with more than the oxygen concentration to 50% in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture.As shown in Figure 1, the oxygen-nitrogen of collecting oxygen-air mixture is sent to second device 22, that is to say, under temperature and/or pressure effect, is sent to and mixes the ceramic membrane of carrying 54.
A very favorable application of equipment 10 is the internal combustion engine transfer the fuel-air mixtures to motor vehicle.Can prevent with equipment 10 of the present invention, reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide in the motor vehicle at least significantly.
Claims (27)
1, a kind of particularly method of nitrogen oxide of harmful substance that reduces in the waste gas of the combustion process of oxygen-supply operation wherein by oxygen separation in a kind of oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (atmosphere), is characterized in that, in two steps by oxygen separation in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, remove nitrogen in by oxygen-nitrogen-air elder brother compound, then preferably uniquely the oxygen in the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of the collecting oxygen that obtains is sent to combustion process in the first step.
3, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that,, make oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture pass through the dividing plate of an oxygen than the easier infiltration of nitrogen at first processing step for collecting oxygen.
4, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture that makes the collecting oxygen of discharging by first processing step by an oxygen than the easier outlet dividing plate that passes through of nitrogen.
According to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 5, oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture is sent to dividing plate under pressure.
6, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, then the oxygen in the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture of collecting oxygen is penetrated in the combustion gas by means of a permeability apparatus at second processing step.
7, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture that makes the oxygen deprivation that will discharge from second processing step by a nitrogen than the easier outlet dividing plate that passes through of oxygen.
8, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, compressed enriched the oxygen-nitrogen of oxygen-air mixture.
9, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the heating enrichment oxygen-nitrogen of oxygen-air mixture.
10, according to the described method of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, by regulate enrichment the pressure and/or the temperature of the oxygen-nitrogen of oxygen-air mixture control of the infiltration of time per unit oxygen to combustion gas.
11, a kind of particularly equipment of nitrogen oxide of harmful substance that reduces in the waste gas of the combustion process of oxygen-supply operation, this equipment has a kind of facility by oxygen separation in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (atmosphere), it is characterized in that equipment (10) is in oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (16) inlet (14) and the oxygen O that separates
2Outlet (26) between two devices (18 or 18 ', 22) that oxygen and nitrogen had different permeabilities are arranged.
12, according to the described equipment of claim 11, it is characterized in that, device (18, or 18 ', 22) install independently of each other.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 13, first device (18, or 18 ') depends on pressure operation.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 14, second device (22) depends on pressure and/or temperature operation.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 15, equipment (10) is divided into three chambers (12,20,24) by means of device (18, or 18 ', 22).
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 16, first Room (12) are communicated with inlet (14), the 3rd Room (24) are communicated with outlet (26).
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 17, first Room (12) are communicated with an outlet (44) with an outlet (30) and/or second Room (20).
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 18, outlet (30) and/or outlet (44) also have other the oxygen device (19,21) different with the nitrogen permeability.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 19, each is made of other device (19,21) the permeability of the nitrogen film greater than oxygen.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 20, first device (18) is positioned between first Room (12) and second Room (20), second device (22) is positioned between second Room (20) and the 3rd Room (24).
21, according to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, respectively to first and second Room (12,20) supply pressure (p1, p2).
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 22, second Room (20) can heat.
23, according to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, first the device (18) by under the differential pressure action between first Room (12) and second Room (20) for oxygen O
2And nitrogen N
2Having different permeabilities, especially oxygen constitutes than the easy film that passes through of nitrogen.
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 24, first device (18 ') is equipped with a kind of zeolite (64) with the depressed structure of absorbed nitrogen at least within the specific limits.
According to the described equipment of claim 24, it is characterized in that 25, device (18) has passage (56,58), passage has the zone (62,66) that zeolite (64) are housed, and can alternately supplies with oxygen-nitrogen-air mixture (16) and be communicated with second Room (20).
According to claim 24 or 25 described equipment, it is characterized in that 26, device (18 ') is equipped with a conveying device (70), this device can be supplied with the low pressure of regeneration usefulness to zeolite (64).
According to the described equipment of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 27, the ceramic membrane (54) that second device (22) is carried by the mixing that is positioned between second Room (20) and the 3rd Room (24) constitutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96193042 CN1187148A (en) | 1995-04-11 | 1996-04-06 | Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19611898.0 | 1996-03-26 | ||
| DE19513654.3 | 1996-03-26 | ||
| CN 96193042 CN1187148A (en) | 1995-04-11 | 1996-04-06 | Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1187148A true CN1187148A (en) | 1998-07-08 |
Family
ID=5128606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96193042 Pending CN1187148A (en) | 1995-04-11 | 1996-04-06 | Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1187148A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100402827C (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2008-07-16 | 奥迪股份公司 | Method for operating an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle, and device for implementing said method |
-
1996
- 1996-04-06 CN CN 96193042 patent/CN1187148A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100402827C (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2008-07-16 | 奥迪股份公司 | Method for operating an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle, and device for implementing said method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5944874A (en) | Solid electrolyte ionic conductor systems for the production of high purity nitrogen | |
| JP3404450B2 (en) | Reaction purge method for gas separation with solid electrolyte membrane | |
| US5733435A (en) | Pressure driven solid electrolyte membrane gas separation method | |
| US6722352B2 (en) | Pressure-swing adsorption system for internal combustion engines | |
| DE69934397T2 (en) | AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE | |
| AU753144B2 (en) | High temperature adsorption process | |
| US7105038B2 (en) | Gas concentration method and its apparatus | |
| CN100536992C (en) | Double separation method and double separation system for oxygen gas and nitrogen gas | |
| CN1101244C (en) | Solid electrolyte system for producing purity-controlled oxygen | |
| KR940011505B1 (en) | Oxygen enriched air system | |
| GB1381747A (en) | Method and apparatus for minimizing the nitrogen oxide content of exhaust gases from combustion power plant | |
| JP2003516209A (en) | Life support oxygen concentrator | |
| JPH1087302A (en) | Single step secondary high purity oxygen concentrator | |
| CN85108746A (en) | Be used for increasing the technological process of a kind of component concentrations of polycomponent mixed gas | |
| AU746679B2 (en) | Hybrid solid electrolyte ionic conductor systems for purifying inert gases | |
| US6132693A (en) | Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases | |
| CA1309953C (en) | Process for separating gas | |
| CN1187148A (en) | Process and device for reducing pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases | |
| RU97118777A (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE CONTENT OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES, IN PARTICULAR NITROGEN OXIDES, IN GAS-COMBUSED COMBUSTION PRODUCTS | |
| JP2002068712A (en) | Method for supplying high concentration ozone gas and its apparatus | |
| KR19980703762A (en) | Method and apparatus for reducing harmful substances, especially nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gases | |
| JP2002166121A (en) | Gas concentrating method and gas compressor | |
| JP5010532B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing high-concentration ozone gas | |
| RU188323U1 (en) | Indoor respiratory atmosphere control device | |
| KR101861649B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for improving the separation performance of separation membrane system for recovering carbon dioxide in the combustion gas |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |