CN1186118A

CN1186118A - Physical extraction of bromelain

Info

Publication number: CN1186118A
Application number: CN96114240A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨公正; 黄洪标; 简光政
Original assignee: HUAZHOU BRANCH OF MAOHUI CO MAOMING CITY
Current assignee: HUAZHOU BRANCH OF MAOHUI CO MAOMING CITY
Priority date: 1996-12-23
Filing date: 1996-12-23
Publication date: 1998-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-23
Also published as: CN1091152C

Abstract

A physical extraction process for bromelain includes such steps as pretreating pineapple plant by freezing, crushing, squeezing to obtain juice, filter to obtain clear liquid, concentrating by ultrafilter film and reverse osmosizing film and freeze vacuum drying to obtain product in the form of spange. Reasonably controlling temp, time and pH value can effectively increase enzyme activity and output rate. Its advantages are easily controlled process, simple apparatus, high purity of product and low cost.

Description

The physics new method for extracting of bromeline

The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of bromeline, particularly a kind of novel method of from the pineapple plant, extracting bromelain.

Bromeline is the proteolytic ferment that is present in the pineapple plant, it at food, medicine, weaving, leather, brewage, have a wide range of applications in the industry such as cosmetic, especially to the improvement beer flavor, improve quality unusual effect arranged.Fruit in the pineapple plant, pericarp, carpopodium, fruit leaf, cauline leaf, stem all contain abundant bromeline, but enzyme content and extraction vigor are the highest with stem, and value of exploiting and utilizing is arranged most.

Domestic main employing kaolin absorption method, the tannin precipitator method and salting-out process extract bromeline at present, and technology is backward, product is coarse, foreign matter content is many, enzymic activity is not high.Patent 87100106 provides a kind of pineapple processing fent to extract the novel method of bromeline, bromeline in the fruit juice is precipitated as sinking agent with a kind of high-molecular weight compounds polyacrylic acid, precipitation aqueous suspension then, the adjusting pH value is resolved, with Ca++ polyacrylic acid is removed, get the enzyme finished product after saltouing, whole production technology is comparatively complicated, and it is big to form scale production control difficulty.

The objective of the invention is for the shortcoming that overcomes above-mentioned prior art provides a kind of new bromeline extracting method, technology is simple, and rate of recovery height forms industrial scale easily, the enzymic activity height of extraction.

Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical measures: to broken squeeze juice after the freezing pre-treatment of raw material, adopt membrane technique to carry out ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, high purity, high density enzyme liquid, the direct vacuum freezedrying of enzyme liquid and the bromeline finished product.Its production stage is as follows:

Raw material → freezing pre-treatment → broken juice → filtering separation → ultrafiltration reverse osmosis → vacuum freezedrying → finished product.

But any organ of the raw material pineapple plant that present method adopts, but enzyme content and extraction total activity are the highest with old stem, are that raw material is best so adopt the peasant to gather in the crops the old stem of pineapple fruit back depleted.Raw material remove the peel, after the segment, deposit pre-treatment in 20-30 hour in temperature for cold under-5 ℃ to-20 ℃ conditions, the raw material that the quick fragmentation of crusher is thawed, in shattering process, can add a certain proportion of water, on squeezing machine, carry out scum juice and separate, the pH value of juice is adjusted to 4.0--4.7, storage temperature is 3 ℃ to 8 ℃, and squeezing juice removes by centrifugation and press filtration and residually look into, easy flocking settling thing, obtains clear liquid.Clear liquid adopts the membrane technique purifying to concentrate, hold back the material of 20,000 above molecular weight with ultrafiltration UF equipment, permeate water and small molecules, carry out the reverse osmosis molecular weight cut-off more than 1000 with reverse osmosis RO equipment again, obtain high density enzyme liquid, high density enzyme liquid is iced to subzero solidifying, at dry vacuum container the enzyme piece drying of solidifying is become sponge shape enzyme product, high density enzyme liquid preferably is positioned over anxious congealing admittedly under-20 ℃ to-35 ℃ conditions.

Embodiment one:

Gathering in the crops pineapple fruit back depleted pineapple stem with the peasant is raw material, earlier wash away the silt impurity on pineapple stem surface with tap water, peeling by hand, water is rinsed well, and drop removes surface-moisture, segment, the refrigeration chamber that the old stem of segment is put into-20 ℃ was deposited 24 hours, and pre-treatment is freezing to raw material, not only helps squeezing out of enzyme, improve recovery rate, and can improve enzyme activity.The pineapple stem of thawing with the quick fragmentation of crusher; in shattering process, add an amount of preservation agent; the water of antioxidant, enzymatic protective reagent and 1 times; improve the recovery rate of enzyme and reduce loss of enzyme activity, the slurries after the fragmentation are carried out scum juice with the stainless steel squeezing machine separate, allotment adds polygalacturonase, defoamer in juice; and the adjusting pH value is 4.3; deposit in 5 ℃ environment, the separating and filtering by disk centrifugal separator and pressure filter obtains clear liquid.Clear liquid is held back the material of 20,000 above molecular weight through the UF of ultrafiltration equipment, permeate water molecule and small molecules, its cycles of concentration reaches 15 times, again through the RO of reverse osmosis device separates water molecules, 3 times of cycles of concentration, both concentrated general times can reach more than 40 times, enzyme content reaches more than 20%, high density enzyme liquid palletized be put under-35 ℃ of conditions anxious freezing 4-6 hour, become solid state fully, put into dry vacuum container, be lower than in the quality temperature under 45 ℃ the condition and carry out vacuum freezedrying, obtain the dry enzyme piece of sponge shape.

Produce bromeline with this method with pineapple stem, average recovery rate is more than 3 ‰, and the activity of enzyme can reach 1,000,000 CDU/g.

Embodiment two:

The pineapple stem peeling, clean, segment, be put in-10 ℃ of temperature refrigeration chambers 30 hours, carry out quick fragmentation after thawing, add 1 times of water when broken, obtain juice by squeezing, regulating the juice pH value is 4.7, be put in 8 ℃ of environment, obtain clear liquid behind the juice separating and filtering, hold back 20,000 molecular weight and reverse osmosis RO equipment with ultrafiltration UF equipment and hold back 1000 molecular weight and concentrate, the enzyme dope of acquisition is put anxious freezing 10 hours under-10 ℃ of conditions, after being frozen into the blocks of solid thing, put into dry vacuum container and carry out vacuum freezedrying, obtain the dry enzyme piece of finished product sponge shape, after grinding, become powder-like product.

The present invention is a kind of physical extracting method, raw material is based on pineapple stem, adopt freezing pre-treatment, ultrafiltration reverse osmosis concentration and Lyophilisation technique for making, controlled temperature, time, pH value and additive, reduced the enzyme loss alive of production process effectively, improved enzyme activity and recovery rate, Technology is controlled easily, and equipment is simple, it is easy to form the scale production ability, raw materials cost is low, the energy value of product, moisture content, ash, heavy metal content, bacterial index, fineness, colourity and solvability all reach or surpass international standard, are food, medicine, the high-quality product that use in the field such as brewage.

Claims

1, a kind of physics new method for extracting of bromeline, it is characterized in that pineapple plant raw material broken juice after freezing pre-treatment, adopt membrane technique to carry out the ultrafiltration reverse osmosis after the juice filtering separation, get the spissated enzyme liquid of highly purified height, the direct vacuum freezedrying of enzyme liquid gets finished product.Production stage is as follows:

Raw material → freezing pre-treatment → broken juice → filtering separation → ultrafiltration reverse osmosis → vacuum freezedrying → finished product

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the freezing pretreatment condition of raw material is a temperature-5 ℃～-20 ℃, 20～30 hours time.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the juice pH value behind the broken juice is 4.0～4.7.

4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that ultrafiltration (UF) retaining molecular weight is more than 20000.

5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is more than 1000 that reverse osmosis (RO) film is held back down molecular weight.

6, method according to claim 1, the freezing temp that it is characterized in that enzyme liquid in the vacuum freezedrying operation is-20 ℃～-35 ℃.