CN1185580A - Instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation - Google Patents
Instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1185580A CN1185580A CN96117927A CN96117927A CN1185580A CN 1185580 A CN1185580 A CN 1185580A CN 96117927 A CN96117927 A CN 96117927A CN 96117927 A CN96117927 A CN 96117927A CN 1185580 A CN1185580 A CN 1185580A
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Abstract
There is provided with a detection device capable of detecting the deformation and inclination of bed rock in a same bore. The mechanical and optical elements or electronic circuits necessary for said detection device are arranged in a circular shape, throug which some power-supply wire and signal wire for other deivces can pass, and several devices can be set in a same bore.
Description
The present invention relates to measure at the some positions in the boring bedrock deformation determinator of basement rock or building deformation, this device inside is hollow, can supply other power lead that installs usefulness, signal wire etc. to pass.
In the prior art, used deformation measurement device, determination of tilt device, cubic deformation determinator etc. in the boring of basement rock or buildings, its structure is in the sealed container interior of connecting airtight with determinand sensor to be set, when being placed on this determinator in the boring, on the device with signal wire and electric wire etc. become barrier, make that shallow place can not be provided with other device in this boring.Therefore, must offer boring, owing to the expense of offering of holing causes the setup fee of device to increase for each device.In order to save this perforation expense, developed a kind of multiple field basement rock extensometer that can utilize same boring in multiple spot position finding distortion, this extensometer is sold by Japanese republicanism electric industry Co., Ltd..But this device construction is complicated and be difficult for setting, just can not use if not bigbore boring.In addition, this device can not be measured the inclination of basement rock etc. simultaneously.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of some positions that can be in same boring to measure the distortion of basement rock etc., the device of inclination, be reduced to the required boring expense of this device that is provided with.
In order to measure the distortion of basement rock, as long as measure 2 displacement.Feature of the present invention is, as shown in Figure 1, in the cylindrical vessel that is connecting airtight with boring, the bar that adopts doughnut structure body 1 to use as the benchmark scale detects the displacement between 2 in the basement rock.With on the doughnut structure body 1 arbitrarily a bit as basic point 2, this basic point 2 is fixed on any part on the medial surface 3 of the device that is connecting airtight with basement rock, with this position as fulcrum 4.With another position on the doughnut structure body 1 as basic point 5.Detect the relative displacement between this basic point 5 and the measuring point 6, that this measuring point 6 is positioned at is relative with basic point 5, connect airtight on the device medial surface 3 on the basement rock.At this moment, can obtain the fulcrum 4 of suitable paper left and right directions and the deflection between the measuring point 6 according to detected displacement.Like this, doughnut structure body 1 is used as bar, just the space of passing for signal wire, cable etc. can be set at the middle body of boring.Utilize this space can wear the signal wire, power lead etc. of other device, like this, other device can be set in the depths slightly of same boring, thus can be in boring the distortion of multiple spot position finding basement rock.When wearing boring obliquely, also can be according to same principle in the distortion of some somes position finding basement rock.At this moment, if measure in the inboard displacement of amplifying the side of device, then the easier mensuration of distortion can improve and measure precision.
In order to measure the inclination that causes because of bedrock deformation, can use extremely soft leaf spring or rope hanging one weight as ticker 7 as illustrated in fig. 2.Ticker 7 is sagging because of gravity, so, relative displacement between ticker 7 and the measuring point 8 and determinator be inclined to direct ratio, this measuring point 8 be positioned at ticker 7 opposed inside faces 3 on.That is, if measuring point 8 places on medial surface 3 detect the displacement of the ticker 7 moving with the inclination of device, then can determinator inclination in any direction.In case of necessity, if strengthen the weight of ticker 7, then the mensuration of Qing Xieing is more prone to.If ticker is become annular and turning axle favours horizontal vibration of vertical axle slightly, then can detect enlargedly perpendicular to the axial inclination of rotation.If when device is made level or oblique (Figure 12,13), then on device medial surface 3 and on boring top, have the doughnut structure body 1 upper mounting plate spring of fulcrum, detect displacements with the ticker 7 of below.In this case, if change the installation direction of ticker 7, then can measure the inclination of any direction.At this moment, if also ticker is become annular, its turning axle and horizontal vibration that vertical axle tilts slightly, then can detect enlargedly perpendicular to rotating axial inclination.If ticker is become annular, then signal wire, power lead etc. can be passed the central portion of device, can measure the distortion of basement rock in some positions of same boring.
As shown in Figure 3, if the toroidal container 9 of full of liquid is embedded in the basement rock, then the variation of the internal pressure of container 9 is directly proportional with the volume change that causes because of bedrock deformation.In addition, if the part of liquid is imported tubule 10, then liquid is inner big the moving of pipe, and its amount of movement is directly proportional with the volume change that causes because of bedrock deformation.Can calculate the cubic deformation of basement rock according to this volume change, so, the distortion that can measure basement rock according to the pressure or the amount of movement of liquid.Can several containers 9 be set at different directions, detect the distortion of basement rock, then know the basement rock addendum modification of different directions, thereby the distortion that can measure this direction change according to different fluid pressures or amount of movement.If the container that at least one is such 9 is located at the device side, then can measure the volume change of basement rock or the displacement of specific direction.In addition, shown in Fig. 3 embodiment,, then be convenient to judge the deformation direction of basement rock, also can space that pass usefulness for signal wire etc. be set in this case at the boring middle body if 2 relative containers 9 are coupled together.Utilize this space to wear the signal wire of other device and power lead etc., just can be in this boring than the depths other device is set.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of fulcrum 4 on the pick-up unit medial surface and device measuring point 6 displacement between these 2 on the medial surface.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that detects the displacement of the ticker 7 that hanging with soft spring.
Fig. 3 installs tubule, the synoptic diagram that tracer liquid pressure or liquid move on toroidal pressure vessel.
Fig. 4 represents with annular bar as the benchmark scale, detects the embodiment (the A-A sectional drawing of Fig. 5) of fulcrum 4 and measuring point 6 displacement between these 2.
Fig. 5 is a stereographic map (section among the figure is the B-B section of Fig. 4) embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 represents to adopt the annular bar of lengthwise to measure the embodiment (sectional drawing) of displacement between fulcrum 14 and the measuring point 18,19,20.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in the embodiment (top plane view) of 2 bar intermediate detection displacement.
Fig. 8 is the stretch-out view of the bar when adopting up and down 2 annular bars.In fact AA among the figure and BB in succession.
Fig. 9 represents to amplify the embodiment (sectional drawing) that the displacement of bar detects.
Figure 10 represents that cutting metal makes spring, the embodiment (sectional drawing) that will amplify perpendicular to the horizontal displacement of hole axle.
Figure 11 represents that cutting metal makes spring, will be parallel to the embodiment (sectional drawing) that the vertical dislocation of hole axle is amplified.
Figure 12 is illustrated in the embodiment when measuring in the horizontal drilling, and ticker is moving in the face vertical with paper in this example.
Figure 13 is illustrated in another embodiment (sectional drawing) when measuring in the horizontal drilling, and ticker is moving in the face vertical with paper in this example.
When Figure 14 represents boring for inclination, measure the embodiment (sectional drawing) of inclination, oscillator is moving at the left and right directions of paper under this situation.
Embodiment (sectional drawing) when Figure 15 represents to make the light multipath reflection carry out the displacement detection.
Figure 16 represents that central authorities become the device of hollow.
Figure 17 represents that central authorities become the device of eccentric hollow.
The following describes embodiment and effect thereof.
Fig. 4 is a sectional drawing embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.Among this embodiment, in order to measure the distortion between waiting in the basement rock, adopt doughnut structure body 1 as the benchmark scale at 2, Fig. 5 is its stereographic map.In Fig. 5, be installed in and relative basic point 5 places of measuring point 6 on the graphic display unit medial surface 3 if will detect sensor 11 that displacement uses, can detect the distortion of fulcrum 4 and measuring point 6 line directions; If sensor 11 is installed in and the relative basic point place of measuring point 12 on the graphic display unit medial surface 3, then can detects the distortion of fulcrum 4 and measuring point 12 line directions.If sensor 11 is installed on the device medial surface 3 of measuring point 6 grades and also can detects displacement.The sectional drawing of Fig. 6 is the embodiment that lengthwise annular tectosome 13 is adopted in expression.Among Fig. 6, arbitrfary point on the tectosome 13 is connected on the device medial surface 3, with this tie point as fulcrum 14, if sensor 11 is installed on the basic point 16 of basic point 15 on the tectosome 13 or basic point 15 belows, detect with relative device medial surface 3 on measuring point 18,19 between relative displacement, then can obtain its distortion of tilted direction separately; If the relative displacement between the basic point 17 on the measuring point 20 that detects fulcrum 14 tops and the relative tectosome 13 then can be obtained the distortion of above-below direction.Under these situations, also sensor 11 can be installed in and detect displacement on any in the measuring point 18,19,20 relative with basic point 15,16,17.Also can shown in the embodiment of Fig. 7, as the tectosome that detects displacement, in the middle of both, detect displacement with sensor 11 with a part that connects the doughnut structure body of fulcrum 21,22 on the medial surface 3.
Among Fig. 4, be to adopt tectosome 1 as the benchmark scale, but embodiment that also can be as shown in Figure 7 is such, detects displacement with the part of doughnut structure body, also can be with several doughnut structure bodies or its part upper and lower settings with one heart.Fig. 8 is the stretch-out view of expression when adopting up and down 2 doughnut structure bodies 23,24 as bar, is for detection displacement in one side doughnut structure body or its part to be assembled up and down.Among this embodiment, adopt doughnut structure body 23,24, available 2 sensors 11 measure orthogonal distortion (AA in fact, BB link to each other becomes annular, with doughnut structure body 23,24 separately the position of paired zero and the △ on the diagonal line as fulcrum or measuring point).Shown in this example,, also can similarly carry out the mensuration of the distortion of tilted direction or above-below direction with Fig. 5 even under the situation of sensor more than 11.Sectional drawing shown in Figure 9 is that embodiment when measuring is amplified in displacement, and tectosome 1 used in measuring and device medial surface 3 approaching parts are amplified.Amplify displacement between tectosome 1 shown in Figure 9 and the device medial surface 3 by leaf spring 25 or sheet metal 26, when displacement detects with sensor 11 in front end 27 places of sheet metal 26, if the part of leaf spring 25, sheet metal 26,27 or the fulcrum 28 of sheet metal are configured on the device medial surface 3, then also signal wire, power lead etc. can be passed the central portion of device.Mechanism for displacement is amplified also can adopt the method shown in Figure 10 embodiment,, is whittled into a part or the whole device of device with derby that is, like this, can eliminate the alignment error of tectosome 1 or leaf spring 25 or the influence of leaf spring 25 initial deformations.Among Figure 10 embodiment, the bar of central authorities is whittled into annular, makes signal wire, power lead etc. can pass the device central portion.In addition,, make required shape in advance and fire, then can reduce the distortion in the device manufacturing process if whole device or its part are made with pottery.Among Fig. 9 and the embodiment shown in Figure 10, be the method for amplifying, but also can as the embodiment of Figure 11, will be parallel to the axial displacement in boring hole and amplify perpendicular to the axial displacement in boring hole.In this case, detect the annular bar that displacement uses and move to the hole direction of principal axis easily in order to make, and with leaf spring perpendicular to the installation of axle ground, hole and cut bar very thin.At this moment, center rod is become annular, make signal wire, power lead etc. can pass the device central portion.Similarly, if with bar or leaf spring etc. and hole axle oblique, then can will amplify with the displacement of hole axle oblique direction.Bosom in boring is measured under the situation of bedrock deformation, as long as the function of amplifying displacement is arranged, needn't pass signal wire, power lead etc. at the device central portion, so, not necessarily want barre to do and circularize.If the gauge in the embodiment of the invention is put into water, container is out of shape under hydraulic pressure, can be used for measuring SEA LEVEL VARIATION, but if only be used to measure water level, also will not form the cavity by the container central portion.
The embodiment of Figure 12 is that hypothesis is utilized the sectional drawing when measuring perpendicular to the horizontal drilling of paper.In this example, doughnut structure body 1 is fixed on the top medial surface 3 of device by leaf spring 25 or rope, below medial surface 3 on detect the displacement of ticker 7, measure.This ticker 7 with boring hole axle same perpendicular to the direction of paper on moving.Among the embodiment of Figure 13, boring is level, and its direction is inconsistent with the vergence direction that will measure, has changed the direction of stationary annular tectosome 1.Also be the displacement of detection of vertical in this case in the ticker of paper.If device is not a level, then embodiment is such as shown in figure 14, annular tectosome 1 or sensor 11 is installed is obliquely got final product.In addition, similarly, as doughnut structure body 1, perhaps doughnut structure body 1 is prolonged overlappingly up and down from the some points on the device medial surface 3 part of doughnut structure body when measuring distortion, all can measure inclination.Similarly, can pass signal wire, power lead etc. during with the mensuration distortion at the central portion that installs.
More than to being described as the embodiment that measures displacement benchmark scale with lengthwise annular tectosome 13, but also can adopt same lengthwise annular displacement assay method tectosome 29, that utilize light shown in Figure 15 embodiment like that.Plane and polishing are made in vertical a part of 30 and corresponding with this part device side 31 that joins with basement rock of doughnut structure body 29, with light obliquely incident and by above-mentioned polishing part 30 and 31 the reflection, the distance on 2 planes changes accordingly with the basement rock displacement, the variation of scalable optical range.Detect this variation with light wave interference method, obtain the addendum modification of basement rock.If in this mensuration, utilize optical fiber, then can detect to straighforward operation the distortion of basement rock.At this moment, also can be provided as bar lengthwise doughnut structure body 29 or on side 31, mirror is set, perhaps plated metal utilizes multipath reflection.In addition, with similarly shown in Figure 9, also can will amplify as the doughnut structure body and the displacement between the measuring point on the medial surface 3 of bar, with the above-mentioned variation that similarly detects the optical range of sheet metal front end with light wave interference method by leaf spring or sheet metal.In addition, with Figure 12 similarly, also can doughnut structure body 1 be fixed on the medial surface 3 by leaf spring or sheet metal, detect the displacement of ticker 7, the inclination of determinator etc. with light wave interference method.No matter which kind of situation can be passed signal wire, power lead etc. at the device central portion.
The situation that wears according to boring as the doughnut structure body of bar, needs damp proof, withstand voltage etc. the protection mechanism of protection sensor, enlarger etc. sometimes.At this moment, shown in the embodiment of Figure 16, whole device profile is become the obturator 32 of central hollow, or shown in the embodiment of Figure 17, make the eccentric hollow obturator 33 of central authorities.The signal wire of other device usefulness, power lead etc. can pass its blank part.Be the metal material that adopts in the foregoing description, but can become holistic mo(u)lding in order to produce in batches also.If make then precision is good of pottery, if make then low price of resin.
Shown in the embodiment of Fig. 9 or Figure 10, this device can be measured the infinitesimal deflection of container side enlargedly, also can be used as hydraulic gage, soil pressure meter, force cell use.During as these purposes, not necessarily to form the cavity, the top or following displacement of container be amplified to measure also can obtain same effect in container central authorities.
Basement rock determinator of the present invention is different with existing apparatus, it can pass signal wire, power lead etc. in the hole axial device central authorities of boring, can measure the distortion of basement rock in some positions of same boring, this device not only can be measured the distortion of basement rock, the mensuration that can also tilt when needing.At places such as existing field boundary of tunnelling or landslides, need be when the multi-site determination bedrock deformation, using this device is very easily.In addition, not only on land, also can detect the distortion of basement rock in the seabed etc. with this device, around temperature high, the general out of use deep under ground of electronic component or scabland also can measure the distortion that detect basement rock with optical fiber telemetry.Though the dark more expense of holing is high more, if adopt device of the present invention, then owing to some positions that can be arranged in the boring, so can save the perforation expense of boring.In dark boring, for the facility of the operation of boring a hole, shallow part bore is big, and the big device of size can be set at shallow place.If device size is big, the space of then installing central portion can be big, just can pass more signal wire, power lead etc.Therefore, adopt device of the present invention, the dark more distortion that can measure basement rock etc. more at a plurality of somes place of holing.
In addition, in the tunnel that railway or road are used, do not hinder train, the current big annular bar of automobile, then can utilize original tunnel to measure the distortion of basement rock if install.At this moment, because device size can be very big, the addendum modification of sensor is also big, even signal is amplified the distortion that also can detect basement rock without electronic loop.
Claims (11)
1. instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation, utilize the distortion of the boring mensuration determinand in the determinand, it is characterized in that, the mechanism that is used by at least one doughnut structure body and detection displacement constitutes, this doughnut structure body is installed on the device medial surface that joins with determinand, hole on the axial side, hole in the edge that the indispensable structural detail of relative displacement institute that detects another location on this doughnut structure body and the device medial surface is configured in device, the middle body of device becomes the cavity.
2. instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this device has in the side of container inside along the hole direction of principal axis function of the relative displacement of amplification detection mechanically.
3. the multilayer bedrock deformation determinator of an annular, utilize the inclination of the boring mensuration determinand in the determinand, it is characterized in that, constitute with the mechanism of detecting displacement by at least one ticker that becomes the doughnut structure body, this ticker has fulcrum at the device medial surface that joins with determinand, with detect oscillator and device medial surface another location relative displacement indispensable structural detail be configured in the axial side along the hole of boring, the middle body that installs is become the cavity.
4. the multilayer bedrock deformation determinator of an annular, utilize the cubic deformation of the boring mensuration determinand in the determinand, it is characterized in that, toroidal container and testing agency by at least one full of liquid constitute, said vesse is arranged on the medial surface of the device that joins with determinand, above-mentioned testing agency is used for the pressure or the amount of movement of the liquid of detection receptacle inside, the pressure of tracer liquid changed or the indispensable structural detail of amount of movement institute is configured in the direction side along the hole axle of holing of device, will install middle body and become the cavity.
5. as each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that doughnut structure body wherein or toroidal container are the part of doughnut structure body or the part of toroidal container, will install middle body and become the cavity.
6. as each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that wherein Zhuan Zhi structural detail is configured on the side side of device.
7. an instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation is characterized in that, the structural detail that detects the determinand displacement constitutes by 2 in claim 1,2,3,4,5,6 records at least.
8. as each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that displacement testing agency wherein is the variation that utilizes magnetic flux density.
9. as each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that displacement testing agency wherein is the variation that utilizes electrical capacity.
10. as each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that displacement testing agency wherein utilizes extensometer.
11. each the described instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation as in the claim 1 to 7 is characterized in that displacement testing agency wherein is the interference that utilizes light wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96117927 CN1089890C (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96117927 CN1089890C (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1185580A true CN1185580A (en) | 1998-06-24 |
| CN1089890C CN1089890C (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96117927 Expired - Fee Related CN1089890C (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Instrument for multistage measurement of basementrock's deformation |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1089890C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110470570A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-19 | 长安大学 | The checking method and system of compliance are loaded for fresh and live agricultural product haulage vehicle |
| CN112665519A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽理工大学 | Device and method for measuring radial deformation by laser |
-
1996
- 1996-12-19 CN CN 96117927 patent/CN1089890C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110470570A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-19 | 长安大学 | The checking method and system of compliance are loaded for fresh and live agricultural product haulage vehicle |
| CN110470570B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-09-07 | 长安大学 | Method and system for checking loading compliance of fresh agricultural product transport vehicle |
| CN112665519A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽理工大学 | Device and method for measuring radial deformation by laser |
| CN112665519B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-08-02 | 安徽理工大学 | Device and method for measuring radial deformation by laser |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1089890C (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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