CN118463741A - Liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and blasting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and a blasting method, which relates to the field of blasting technology, can improve blasting efficiency, and reduce the impact of blasting on surrounding rock mass. The blasting device includes: an oxygen storage tank; a containing space, an oxygen supply pipe is provided in the center of the containing space, and is connected to the second end of the oxygen storage tank; a lead wire, which is installed on the inner wall of the containing space and connected to a delayed detonation device; a combustible material, which is installed inside the containing space; an exhaust pipe, which is arranged outside the combustible material; a delayed detonation device, which includes a blasting part and a control part, and the control part transmits operation instructions to the blasting part by wired communication; a fracturing tube, which is sleeved outside the containing space, and a rectangular groove is provided on the outer surface of the fracturing tube. The embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the scene of rock blasting in mines.

Description

Liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and blasting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of blasting, and in particular to a liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and a blasting method.

Background Art

Modern open-pit mines often use blasting technology to break rock. Liquid oxygen rock breaking technology reduces the cost of blasting projects and avoids blasting pollution during the fracturing process. The vibration impact in the blasting area is small, and the environmental protection, safety, economy and regulatory requirements of blasting projects are achieved. However, open-pit mines have steep slopes, high-step rock masses, etc. The protection of some rock masses is of great significance to the application of liquid oxygen blasting technology in open-pit mines. At the same time, existing technologies are increasingly unable to meet the production needs of large open-pit mines.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device and a blasting method, which improves the blasting efficiency and reduces the impact of the blasting on the surrounding rock mass.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device, which includes: an oxygen storage tank; a containing space, an oxygen supply pipe is provided in the center of the containing space and is connected to the second end of the oxygen storage tank; a lead wire is installed on the inner wall of the containing space and is connected to a delayed detonation device; a combustible material, which is installed inside the containing space; an exhaust pipe, which is arranged outside the combustible material; a delayed detonation device, which includes a blasting part and a control part, and the control part and the blasting part transmit operation instructions by wired communication; a fracturing tube, which is sleeved on the outside of the containing space, and a rectangular groove is opened on the outer surface of the fracturing tube.

Optionally, the surface of the accommodating space is covered with a coating.

Optionally, a through hole is opened on the surface of the accommodating space, and the oxygenation pipeline, the lead wire and the exhaust pipe pass through the through hole and enter the interior of the accommodating space.

Optionally, the blasting part includes a shell, an electronic control module and an ignition head; the shell is installed at both ends of the electronic control module, and a protrusion is provided on the surface of the shell, and the electronic control module is detachably connected to the shell; the ignition head is located at the first end of the shell, and the ignition head is installed at the center position of the protruding surface of the first end of the shell.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting method;

Optionally, a number of blast holes are opened in the preset blasting area as required, and a liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device is assembled according to the diameter of the opened blast holes and placed in each blast hole.

Optionally, a delayed detonation time is set in the delayed detonation device in the liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device.

Optionally, check the tightness of the oxygen supply pipeline and fill the containing space with liquid oxygen through the oxygen storage tank using the oxygen supply pipeline.

Optionally, after observing that part of the liquid oxygen is discharged from the exhaust pipe, close the valve of the oxygen storage tank, disconnect the oxygen supply pipeline, and use a controller to control the liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference concentrated energy blasting device to perform delayed detonation in sequence.

Optionally, the preset blasting area includes a rock retention area and a main blasting area; the rock retention area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy focused blasting device equipped with a fracturing tube, the strength of the fracturing tube is less than the energy intensity generated by the blasting, and the main blasting area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy focused blasting device without a fracturing tube.

Optionally, the main blasting area consists of a central blasting area and main blasting sub-areas; the central blasting area is located at the center of the main blasting area, the main blasting sub-areas include a first main blasting sub-area, a second main blasting sub-area and a third main blasting sub-area, and the first main blasting sub-area, the second main blasting sub-area and the third main blasting sub-area are symmetrically arranged about the central blasting area.

Optionally, the detonation order of different blasting areas is: the rock mass retention area is blasted first, and then the central blasting area, the first main blasting sub-area, the second main blasting sub-area and the third main blasting sub-area are blasted in sequence.

Optionally, no delayed blasting time is set for blasting at the rock retention area, the delayed blasting time of the central blasting area is 50ms, the delayed blasting time of the first main blasting zone is 110ms, the delayed blasting time of the second main blasting zone is 170ms, and the delayed blasting time of the third main blasting zone is 230ms.

The liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and blasting method provided by the present invention are characterized in that the oxygen storage tank is used to provide liquid oxygen, the accommodating space provides space for liquid oxygen, the lead is connected to the electronic control module in the delayed detonation device, the ignition signal is transmitted to the electronic control module through the lead, the electronic control module ignites the ignition head, the combustible material is installed inside the accommodating space, and provides combustion conditions for the occurrence of the blasting reaction, the exhaust pipe is arranged outside the combustible material, and can empty the gas in the accommodating space, and can also observe whether the liquid oxygen is completely filled, the blasting part in the delayed detonation device is located inside the accommodating space, and transmits operation instructions with the control part through wired communication, and can remotely control the start of the blasting part through the control part, the fracturing tube is arranged outside the accommodating space, and the outer surface is provided with a rectangular groove, and the energy generated by the blasting is concentrated and released, thereby improving the blasting efficiency during the blasting process and reducing the impact of the blasting on the surrounding rock mass.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing tube in a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device in one embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blasting portion in a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic plan view of an on-site blasting area of a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting method in one embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device in another embodiment of the present invention in which no fracturing tube is provided on the outer surface of the blasting device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

A liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can improve blasting efficiency and reduce the impact on surrounding rock masses.

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy blasting device provided in the present embodiment includes: an oxygen storage tank 10; a accommodating space 11, an oxygen supply pipe 112 is provided in the center of the accommodating space 11 and is connected to the second end of the oxygen storage tank 10; a lead 12, the lead 12 is installed on the inner wall of the accommodating space 11 and is connected to a delayed detonation device 13; a combustible material 14, the combustible material 14 is installed inside the accommodating space 11; an exhaust pipe 15, the exhaust pipe 15 is arranged outside the combustible material 14; a delayed detonation device 13, the delayed detonation device 13 includes a blasting part 131 and a control part 132, the control part 132 and the blasting part 131 transmit operation instructions by wired communication; a fracturing tube 113, the fracturing tube 113 is sleeved outside the accommodating space 11, and a rectangular groove 114 is opened on the outer surface of the fracturing tube 113.

Among them, the oxygen storage tank 10 is used to store the liquid oxygen filled into the storage space 11. The first end of the storage space 11 is the end close to the oxygen storage tank 10. The material of the combustible 14 includes but is not limited to rolled paper and fiber. The exhaust pipe 15 passes through the center of the storage space 11, which can be used to discharge the air in the storage space 11 and guide the excess liquid oxygen to flow out from the exhaust pipe 15 when the liquid oxygen is full, and then serve as a basis for the operator to judge that the liquid oxygen in the storage space 11 is full. At the same time, the fuse 12, the delayed detonation device 13, the combustible 14 and the exhaust pipe 15 are sealed by a coating. The control unit 132 in the delayed detonation device 13 transmits instructions to the blasting unit 131 through wired communication, and the fuses on multiple blast holes can be connected to form a blasting network. The delayed detonation device 13 is used to set the detonation time in advance and perform remote control detonation operations. The fracturing tube 113 is sleeved outside the accommodating space, and a rectangular groove 114 is provided on the outer surface of the fracturing tube 113; wherein, the outer diameter of the fracturing tube 113 is 118 mm, and the inner diameter is 113 mm, which is matched with the size of the blasthole and is convenient to use and carry. The material of the fracturing tube 113 includes but is not limited to polyvinyl chloride. At the same time, the fracturing tube 113 is a concentrated energy fracturing tube, and a rectangular groove 114 is provided on the surface of the fracturing tube 113. The length of the rectangular groove 114 is equal to the length of the fracturing tube 113, the width is 4 mm, and the thickness is 3 mm, which is beneficial to concentrate the energy generated by the explosion in the rectangular groove for release when the fracturing tube is used for blasting, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the blasting energy.

The liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device and blasting method provided by the present invention are characterized in that an oxygen storage tank is used to provide liquid oxygen, a containing space provides a space for liquid oxygen, a lead is connected to an electronic control module in a delayed detonation device, an ignition signal is transmitted to the electronic control module through the lead, and the electronic control module ignites an ignition head, combustibles are arranged inside the containing space to provide combustion conditions for the occurrence of an blasting reaction, an exhaust pipe is arranged outside the combustibles, and can exhaust the gas in the containing space, and can also observe whether the liquid oxygen is completely filled, the blasting part in the delayed detonation device is located inside the containing space, and operation instructions are transmitted between the blasting part and the control part through wired communication, and the blasting part can be remotely controlled to start through the control part, the fracturing pipe sleeve is arranged outside the containing space, and a rectangular groove is opened on the outer surface, and the energy generated by the blasting is concentrated and released, thereby improving the blasting efficiency during the blasting process and reducing the impact of the blasting on the surrounding rock mass.

Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the surface of the accommodating space 11 is covered with a coating 16; wherein, the material of the coating 16 includes but is not limited to polyurethane, and the coating 16 is wrapped around the outer surface of the accommodating space 11 during installation to reduce the impact of static electricity on the device, while also preventing the combustibles from being affected by the external environment, thereby protecting the objects inside the accommodating space.

1 , in some embodiments, a through hole is opened on the surface of the accommodating space 11, and the oxygenation pipe 112, the lead wire 12 and the exhaust pipe 15 pass through the through hole to enter the interior of the accommodating space 11; in this way, the oxygenation pipe 112, the lead wire 12 and the exhaust pipe 15 are tied together and enter the interior of the accommodating space 11, wherein the number of the through hole opened is at least one, and the oxygenation pipe 112 and the exhaust pipe 15 are both soft pipes, thereby ensuring that normal sealing can be achieved even under high pressure conditions under blasting conditions, thereby improving the blasting effect.

1 and 3, in some embodiments, the blasting part 131 includes a shell 1311, an electronic control module 1312 and an ignition head 1313; the shell 1311 is installed at both ends of the electronic control module 1312, and a protrusion is provided on the surface of the shell 1311, and the electronic control module 1312 and the shell 1311 are detachably connected; the ignition head 1313 is located at the first end of the shell 1311, and the ignition head 1313 is installed at the center of the protruding surface of the first end of the shell 1311; wherein the protrusion is provided on the surface of the shell 1311, so that the blasting part 1311 can generate a certain angle when placed inside the accommodating space 11 , so that it can be better placed inside the accommodating space 11. The electronic control module 1312 has low-temperature resistance and can still operate normally in an environment of -200°C. At the same time, the electronic control module 1312 can accept the control instructions of the operator to set the time of delayed detonation, and the operator can use the controller to convey the detonation instructions to the electronic control module through wired communication to perform remote detonation, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the blasting process. The ignition head 1313 is installed at the center position of the bottom of the shell 1311. When the fuse 12 is ignited, the energy is transferred to the electronic control module 1312, and then the ignition head 1313 is ignited.

A liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting method can be implemented using the liquid oxygen phase change differential focused energy blasting device in the above embodiment. The method of this embodiment may include the following steps:

S11. Open several blast holes in the preset blasting area as needed, assemble a liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference focused energy blasting device according to the diameter of the blast holes, and place it in each blast hole;

S12, setting the delayed detonation time in the delayed detonation device in the liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference concentrated energy blasting device;

S13, check the tightness of the oxygen filling pipeline, and fill liquid oxygen into the containing space through the oxygen storage tank using the oxygen filling pipeline;

S14. After observing that part of the liquid oxygen is discharged from the exhaust pipe, close the valve of the oxygen storage tank, disconnect the oxygen supply pipeline, and use the controller to control the liquid oxygen phase change micro-difference concentrated energy blasting device to perform delayed detonation in sequence.

In this embodiment, blast holes are opened in a pre-set blasting area, and a liquid oxygen phase-change differential energy-focused blasting device is assembled according to the diameter of the blast holes and placed in each blast hole. The delayed detonation time of the delayed detonation device is set, and the sealing of the oxygen filling pipeline is checked. Liquid oxygen is filled into the containing space through the oxygen filling pipeline using an oxygen storage tank. After the liquid oxygen injection is completed, a controller is used to remotely control the liquid oxygen phase-change differential energy-focused blasting device to perform delayed detonation in sequence, thereby improving the blasting efficiency during the blasting process and reducing the impact of the blasting on the surrounding rock mass.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in some examples, the preset blasting area includes a rock retention area 40 and a main blasting area 41. The rock retention area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy blasting device equipped with a fracturing tube, the strength of the fracturing tube is less than the energy intensity generated by the blasting, and the main blasting area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy blasting device without a fracturing tube; wherein, the number of blastholes in the rock retention area 40 is greater than the number of blastholes in the main blasting area 41, and the diameter of the blasthole is 120 mm, the rock retention area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy blasting device equipped with a fracturing tube, and a cover body is installed on the top of the fracturing tube outside the device coating of the rock retention area, in order to ensure the entry of the oxygen supply pipeline, the lead wire and the exhaust pipe, a through hole is opened on the cover body, the main blasting area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy blasting device without a fracturing tube, which is blocked with cannon mud to form a head at the interface.

Referring to Figure 5, in some examples, the main blasting area 41 is composed of a central blasting area 42 and main blasting sub-areas 43; the central blasting area 42 is located at the center of the main blasting area 41, and the main blasting sub-areas 43 include a first main blasting sub-area 431, a second main blasting sub-area 432 and a third main blasting sub-area 433, and the first main blasting sub-area 431, the second main blasting sub-area 432 and the third main blasting sub-area 433 are symmetrically arranged about the central blasting area 42.

In some examples, the detonation order of different blasting areas is: the rock mass retention area is blasted first, and then the central blasting area, the first main blasting area, the second main blasting area and the third main blasting area are blasted in sequence.

In some examples, no delayed blasting time is set for blasting at the rock retention area, the delayed blasting time of the central blasting area is 50ms, the delayed blasting time of the first main blasting zone is 110ms, the delayed blasting time of the second main blasting zone is 170ms, and the delayed blasting time of the third main blasting zone is 230ms.

Among them, different delayed detonation times are set for each blasting area, which increases the free surface area of other blasting areas, improves blasting efficiency, and reduces the impact of vibration generated by blasting.

The technical features in the technical solutions of the method embodiments of the present application are the same as or similar to the technical features of the device embodiments, and specific reference may be made to each other.

It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy focusing blasting device, comprising:

An oxygen storage tank;

The center of the accommodating space is provided with an oxygenation pipeline in a penetrating way and is connected with the second end of the oxygen storage tank;

The lead is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating space and is connected with the delay detonation equipment;

The combustible material is arranged in the accommodating space;

the exhaust pipe is arranged outside the combustible;

The delay detonation device comprises a blasting part and a control part, wherein the control part and the blasting part transmit operation instructions in a wired communication mode;

the fracturing pipe is sleeved outside the accommodating space, and a rectangular groove is formed in the outer surface of the fracturing pipe.

2. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy accumulating blasting device according to claim 1, wherein a covering film is sleeved on the surface of the accommodating space.

3. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy blasting device according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the accommodating space is provided with a through hole, and the oxygenation pipeline, the lead wire and the exhaust pipe penetrate through the through hole to enter the accommodating space.

4. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy blasting device according to claim 1, wherein the blasting portion comprises a housing, an electronic control module and an ignition head;

the shell is arranged at two ends of the electronic control module, the surface of the shell is provided with a bulge, and the electronic control module is detachably connected with the shell;

the ignition head is positioned at the first end of the shell, and the ignition head is arranged at the center of the convex surface of the first end of the shell.

5. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy gathering blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

a plurality of blastholes are formed in a preset blasting area according to the requirement, and a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy gathering blasting device is assembled according to the diameter of the blastholes and is placed in each blasthole;

setting delay detonation time in delay detonation equipment in a liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy gathering blasting device;

checking the tightness of an oxygenation pipeline, and filling liquid oxygen into the accommodating space through the oxygenation pipeline by adopting the oxygen storage tank;

After observing the part of liquid oxygen discharged by the exhaust pipe, closing the valve of the oxygen storage tank, disconnecting the oxygenation pipeline, and controlling the liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy accumulation blasting device to sequentially perform delay detonation by using the controller.

6. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy blasting method according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of blastholes are formed in a preset blasting area according to requirements, and the method is characterized in that the preset blasting area comprises a rock mass reserved area and a main blasting area;

the rock mass reserve area adopts a liquid oxygen phase change differential energy gathering blasting device provided with a cracking pipe, the strength of the cracking pipe is smaller than the energy strength generated by blasting, and the main blasting area adopts the liquid oxygen phase change differential energy gathering blasting device without the cracking pipe.

7. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy blasting method according to claim 6, wherein the main blasting area consists of a central blasting area and main blasting partitions;

The central blasting zone is positioned at the central position of the main blasting zone, the main blasting zone comprises a first main blasting zone, a second main blasting zone and a third main blasting zone, and the first main blasting zone, the second main blasting zone and the third main blasting zone are symmetrically arranged relative to the central blasting zone.

8. The liquid oxygen phase change micro-differential energy blasting method according to claim 7, wherein the different blasting areas are blasted in the following sequence: and the rock mass reserved position is blasted firstly, and then the central blasting area, the first main blasting area, the second main blasting area and the third main blasting area are blasted sequentially according to time sequence.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the rock mass reserve blasting does not set a delayed detonation time, the delayed detonation time of the central blasting zone is 50ms, the delayed detonation time of the first main blasting zone is 110ms, the delayed detonation time of the second main blasting zone is 170ms, and the delayed detonation time of the third main blasting zone is 230ms.