CN118434712A - 双环[3.2.0]庚烷双(酰胺)rxfp1激动剂 - Google Patents
双环[3.2.0]庚烷双(酰胺)rxfp1激动剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118434712A CN118434712A CN202280082598.6A CN202280082598A CN118434712A CN 118434712 A CN118434712 A CN 118434712A CN 202280082598 A CN202280082598 A CN 202280082598A CN 118434712 A CN118434712 A CN 118434712A
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- alkyl
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- heterocyclyl
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Abstract
本公开文本涉及作为RXFP1受体激动剂的式(I)的化合物,含有所述化合物的组合物,以及使用所述化合物、所述组合物例如治疗心力衰竭、纤维化疾病和相关疾病,如肺疾病(例如,特发性肺纤维化)、肾脏疾病(例如,慢性肾脏病)或肝脏疾病(例如,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和门静脉高压症)的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2021年12月15日提交的美国临时申请号63/289,859的权益,将其公开内容通过引用以其整体并入本文。
背景技术
本公开文本涉及作为松弛素家族肽受体1(RXFP1)激动剂的新型化合物,含有所述新型化合物的组合物,以及使用所述新型化合物、所述组合物例如治疗心力衰竭、纤维化疾病和相关疾病,如肺疾病(例如,特发性肺纤维化)、肾脏疾病(例如,慢性肾脏病)和肝脏疾病(例如,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和门静脉高压症)的方法。
人松弛素激素(也称为松弛素或H2松弛素)是由53个氨基酸构成的6kDa肽,其活性最初是由Frederick Hisaw于1926年发现的,当时他将来自猪黄体的粗提取物注射到未交配过的豚鼠中并且观察到纤维软骨耻骨联合关节松弛(Hisaw FL.,Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med.,1926,23,661-663)。松弛素受体先前被称为Lgr7,但是现在被正式命名为松弛素家族肽受体1(RXFP1),并在2002年被去孤儿化为松弛素的受体(Hsu SY.等人,Science,2002,295,671-674)。RXFP1在小鼠与人之间是相当保守的,具有85%氨基酸同一性,并且基本上在人和其他物种中普遍表达(Halls ML等人,Br.J.Pharmacol.,2007,150,677-691)。松弛素和RXFP1的细胞信号传导途径是细胞类型依赖性的,并且相当复杂(Halls ML等人,Br.J.Pharmacol.,2007,150,677-691;Halls ML等人Ann.N Y Acad.Sci.,2009,1160,108-111;Halls ML.,Ann N Y Acad.Sci.,2007,1160,117-120)。研究得最为深入的途径是松弛素依赖性的cAMP细胞水平增加,其中松弛素作为RXFP1激动剂发挥功能,以促进GαS偶联和腺苷酸环化酶的激活(Halls ML等人,Mol.Pharmacol.,2006,70,214-226)。
自从松弛素最初被发现以来,许多实验工作都集中在描述松弛素在雌性生殖生物学中以及在哺乳动物妊娠期间发生的生理变化中所起的作用(Sherwood OD.,Endocr.Rev.,2004,25,205-234)。在人妊娠期间,为了满足胎儿对其施加的营养需求,女性身体经历全身血管阻力(SVR)显著降低约30%,并且伴随心排血量增加约50%(JeyabalanAC.,K.P.,Reanl and Electolyte Disorders.2010,462-518)、(Clapp JF和Capeless E.,Am.J.Cardio.,1997,80,1469-1473)。另外的血管适应包括整体动脉顺应性增加约30%,这对于维持有效的心室-动脉偶联是重要的;以及肾血流量(RBF)和肾小球滤过率(GFR)两者都增加约50%,这对于代谢废物消除是重要的(Jeyabalan AC.,K.P.,Reanl andElectolyte Disorders.2010,462-518)、(Poppas A等人,Circ.,1997,95,2407-2415)。在啮齿动物中进行的临床前研究以及在各种患者环境中进行的临床研究都提供了证据表明松弛素至少在一定程度上参与介导这些适应性生理变化(Conrad KP.,Regul.Integr.Comp.Physiol.,2011,301,R267-275)、(Teichman SL等人,HeartFail.Rev.,2009,14,321-329)。重要的是,这些适应性反应中的许多可能对HF患者有益,因为过度纤维化、动脉顺应性差和肾功能差全部都是心力衰竭患者常见的特征(Mohammed SF等人,Circ.,2015,131,550-559)、(Wohlfahrt P等人,Eur.J.Heart Fail.,2015,17,27-34)、(Damman K等人,Prog.Cardiovasc.Dis.,2011,54,144-153)。
心力衰竭(HF)在血流动力学上被定义为“由于心泵功能受损而导致全身灌注不足以满足身体的代谢需求”,其对当今的医疗保健系统来说是一个巨大的负担,据估计美国有580万人患此病,并且全世界超过2300万人患此病(Roger VL等人,Circ.Res.,2013,113,646-659)。据估计,到2030年,仅在美国就将增加300万人患有HF,比2010年增加25%。估计2010年与HF相关的直接成本(2008年美元)是$250亿,预计到2030年将增长到$780亿(Heidenreich PA等人,Circ.,2011,123,933-944)。令人震惊的是,在美国每9例死亡中就有1例在死亡证明上提到了HF(Roger VL等人.,Circ.,2012,125,e2-220),并且虽然HF诊断后的存活率随时间推移有所改善(Matsushita K等人,Diabetes,2010,59,2020-2026)、(Roger VL.等人,JAMA,2004,292,344-350),但死亡率仍然很高,其中约50%的患有HF的人在诊断后5年内死亡(Roger VL等人.,Circ.,2012,125,e2-220)、(Roger VL等人,JAMA,2004,292,344-350)。
HF的症状是心排血量不足的结果,并且取决于疾病的晚期阶段,可能会相当虚弱。HF的主要症状和体征包括:1)由于来自左心室的无效前向流和肺毛细血管床压力增加导致肺水肿而引起的呼吸困难(dyspnea/difficulty in breathing);2)当右心室不能适应全身静脉回流时出现的下肢水肿;以及3)由于衰弱的心脏不能维持足够的心排血量(CO)以满足身体的新陈代谢需要而引起的疲劳(Kemp CD和Conte JV.,Cardiovasc.Pathol.,2011,21,365-371)。另外,与症状的严重程度相关,HF患者常被描述为“代偿性”或“失代偿性”。在代偿性心力衰竭中,症状是稳定的,并且不存在液体潴留和肺水肿的许多明显特征。失代偿性心力衰竭是指恶化,可能表现为肺水肿的急性发作、运动耐量降低和用力时呼吸困难增加(Millane T等人,BMJ,2000,320,559-562)。
与心脏功能不佳不能满足代谢需求的简单定义形成对比,众多促成疾病、多种风险因素以及最终导致心力衰竭的许多病理变化使这种疾病变得非常复杂(Jessup M和Brozena S.,N.Engl.J.Med.,2003,348,3007-2018)。被认为涉及HF的病理生理学的损伤事件的范围从非常急性(如心肌梗死)到更长期的损伤(如终生高血压)。历史上,HF主要被描述为“收缩性HF”,其中左心室(LV)收缩功能降低限制了血液排出,并且因此导致射血分数(EF是每搏输出量/舒张末期容积)降低;或“舒张性HF”,其中主动松弛减少并且被动僵硬增加,从而限制了舒张期间的LV充盈,但总体EF得以维持(Borlaug BA和Paulus WJ.,EurHeart J.,2011,32,670-679)。最近,随着人们认识到舒张性和收缩性LV功能障碍并不是这两组所独有的,采用了新术语:“射血分数降低型心力衰竭”(HFrEF)和“射血分数保留型心力衰竭”(HFpEF)(Borlaug BA和Paulus WJ.,Eur Heart J.,2011,32,670-679)。尽管这两个患者群体具有非常类似的体征和症状,但HFrEF和HFpEF是否代表HF的两种不同形式或共享共同发病机制的单一谱的两个极端目前在心血管领域内仍存在争议(Borlaug BA和Redfield MM.,Circ.,2011,123,2006-2013)、(De Keulenaer GW和Brutsaert DL.,Circ.,2011,123,1996-2004)。
Serelaxin是一种重组人松弛素肽的静脉内(IV)配制品,具有0.09小时的相对较短第一阶段药代动力学半衰期,目前正在开发用于治疗HF(Novartis,2014)。已将Serelaxin给予正常健康志愿者(NHV),并且证明增加RBF(Smith MC等人,J.Am.Soc.Nephrol.2006,17,3192-3197)和估计的GFR(Dahlke M等人,J.Clin.Pharmacol.,2015,55,415-422)。在稳定的代偿性HF患者中也观察到RBF的增加(Voors AA等人,Cir.Heart Fail.,2014,7,994-1002)。在大型临床研究中,在急性失代偿性HF(ADHF)患者中观察到响应于住院期间48小时静脉内输注serelaxin而出现在恶化的肾功能、恶化的HF以及更少死亡方面的有利变化(Teerlink JR等人,Lancet,2013,381,29-39)、(Ponikowski P等人,Eur.Heart,2014,35,431-441)。表明serelaxin的长期给药可以为HF患者提供持续的益处,在使用皮下泵连续给予serelaxin持续6个月的硬皮病患者中观察到基于血清肌酐水平的肾功能改善(Teichman SL等人,Heart Fail.Rev.,2009,14,321-329)。除了其作为治疗HF的治疗剂的潜力之外,松弛素的连续皮下施用也已经被证明在肺(Unemori EN等人,J.Clin.Invet.,1996,98,2739-2745)、肾(Garber SL等人,KidneyInt.,2001,59,876-882)和肝损伤(BennettRG.,Liver Int.,2014,34,416-426)的多种动物模型中有效。
总之,大量证据支持松弛素依赖性的RXFP1激动作用在介导哺乳动物妊娠期间发生的适应性变化中的作用,并且当给予HF患者松弛素时,这些变化转化为有利的生理效应和结局。在肺、肾和肝损伤的多种疾病模型中进行的另外的临床前动物研究提供了证据表明当长期施用松弛素时,除了HF之外,还有可能为多种适应证提供治疗益处。更特别地,长期施用松弛素可能对患有肺疾病(例如,特发性肺纤维化)、肾脏疾病(例如,慢性肾脏病)或肝脏疾病(例如,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和门静脉高压症)的患者有益处。
发明内容
本发明提供了新型经取代的环丁基环戊烷化合物、其类似物,包括其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物,它们可用作RXFP1受体激动剂。
本发明还提供了用于制备本发明的化合物的方法和中间体。
本发明还提供了药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含药学上可接受的载体以及至少一种本发明的化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物。
本发明的化合物可以用于例如治疗和/或预防心力衰竭、纤维化疾病和相关疾病,如肺疾病(例如,特发性肺纤维化)、肾脏疾病(例如,慢性肾脏病)或肝脏疾病(例如,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和门静脉高压症)。
本发明的化合物可以用于疗法。
本发明的化合物可以用于制造用于治疗和/或预防心力衰竭的药剂。
本发明的化合物可以单独使用,与本发明的其他化合物组合使用,或与一种或多种、优选一种至两种其他药剂组合使用。
随着本公开文本的继续,将以扩展的形式阐述本发明的这些和其他特征。
具体实施方式
本发明涵盖作为RXFP1受体激动剂的式(I)的化合物、含有所述式(I)的化合物的组合物以及它们的使用方法。
在第一方面,本发明尤其提供了式(I)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
---是任选的键;
R1是H或卤代基;或R1和R1一起形成苯基环;
R2是卤代基、C1-4烷基、OH、或者被0-4个卤代基、OH或-OC1-4烷基取代的-OC1-4烷基;
R4a是卤代基;
R4b是被0-4个卤代基取代的C1-4烷基;
R5是被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-8烯基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-8炔基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C6-12芳基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR10的杂原子并且被0-3个R6和0-1个R7取代的3至12元杂环基;其中所述杂环基通过碳或氮原子键合至苯基部分;
R6是卤代基、=O、-OH、-OC1-4烷基、或者被0-2个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-3烷基、-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaC(=O)NRaRa、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、-C(=O)NRaS(=O)pRc、-OC(=O)Rb、-S(=O)pRc、-S(=O)pNRaRa、C3-6环烷基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NRd的杂原子并且被0-5个Re取代的4至6元杂环基;
R8是卤代基、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、-C(=O)NHORb、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-NRaS(O)pNRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaORb、-S(=O)pNRaRa或-S(O)pRc;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-4烷基、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、被0-5个Re取代的C3-6环烷基、或者包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR12的杂原子并且被0-5个Re取代的4至6元杂环基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;
R12是H、C1-3烷基或芳基;
Ra是H、被0-5个Re取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6炔基、被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;或Ra和Ra与它们二者所附接的氮原子一起形成被0-5个Re取代的杂环基;
Rb是H、被0-5个Re取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6炔基、被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;
Rc是被0-5个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-5炔基、C3-6碳环基或杂环基;
Rd是H或C1-4烷基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O、被0-5个Rg取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6炔基、-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n-芳基、-(CH2)n-杂环基、-(CH2)nORf或-C(=O)ORf;
Rf是H或C1-3烷基;
Rg是卤代基、CN、OH、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基或芳基;
n是零、1、2或3;并且
p是零、1或2。
在第一方面范围内的第二方面,本发明提供了式(II)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是被0-4个卤代基取代的-OC1-4烷基;
R4a是卤代基;
R4b是被0-4个F取代的C1-3烷基;
R5是被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-6炔基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C6芳基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR10的杂原子并且被0-3个R6和0-1个R7取代的3至12元杂环基;
R6是卤代基、CN、C1-3烷基、-OH或-OC1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基、ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)NRaRa、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、-C(=O)NRaS(=O)pRc、-OC(=O)Rb、-S(=O)pRc、-S(=O)pNRaRa、C3-6环烷基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NRd的杂原子并且被0-4个Re取代的4至6元杂环基;
R8是卤代基、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、-C(=O)NHORb、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-NRaS(O)pNRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaORb、-S(=O)pNRaRa或-S(O)pRc;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-4烷基、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb或-C(=O)NRaRa;
Ra是H、被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;或Ra和Ra与它们二者所附接的氮原子一起形成被0-4个Re取代的杂环基;
Rb是H、被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;
Rc是被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、C3-6碳环基或杂环基;
Rd是H或C1-2烷基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O、被0-5个Rg取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6炔基、-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n-芳基、-(CH2)n-杂环基、-(CH2)nORf或-C(=O)ORf;
Rf是H或C1-3烷基;
Rg是卤代基、CN、OH、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
n是零、1、2或3;并且
p是零、1或2。
在第一和第二方面范围内的第三方面,本发明提供了式(III)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OC1-3烷基;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R6是卤代基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基、-C(=O)ORb或-C(=O)NRaRa;
R8是-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb或-OC(=O)NRaRa;
Ra是H、被0-3个Re取代的C1-4烷基、被0-3个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、或被0-3个Re取代的苯基;
Rb是H或被0-3个Re取代的杂环基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O或C1-6烷基;并且
n是零或1。
在第二方面范围内的第四方面,本发明提供了式(II)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是
R6是卤代基、-OH或被0-1个OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基;
R8是-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa或-C(=O)NHORb;
R9是-ORb或-NRaRa;
R10是H、-C(=O)Rb或被0-1个R11取代的C1-4烷基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;
Ra是H或C1-3烷基;并且
Rb是H或C1-3烷基。
在第二方面范围内的第五方面,本发明提供了式(II)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是
R6是卤代基、C1-4烷基、-OH或-OC1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-4烷基;
R8是-C(=O)ORb;
R9是OH;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-3烷基或-C(=O)OC1-4烷基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;并且
Rb是H或C1-3烷基。
在第二方面范围内的第六方面,本发明提供了式(II)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是被0-1个R7取代的C2-5炔基;
R7是-ORb;
Rb是H、C1-3烷基或被0-2个Re取代的苯基;
Re是卤代基、C1-3烷基或C(=O)ORf;并且
Rf是H或C1-3烷基。
对于式(I)的化合物,可变取代基的任何实例(包括R1、R2、R3、R4a、R4b、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd、Re、Rf和Rg)的范围可以与可变取代基的任何其他实例的范围独立地使用。因此,本发明包括不同方面的组合。
在式(II)或(III)的一个实施方案中,R4a是F。
在式(II)或(III)的另一个实施方案中,R4b是CF3。
在式(III)的一个实施方案中,R2是-OCH3;R4a是F;R4b是CF3;R5是R6是F;R8是-C(=O)OH、-C(=O)NHRa或CF3;R9是-NHRa、-NHC(=O)Rb、-NHS(=O)pC1-4烷基或-OC(=O)NHRa;Ra是H、C1-3烷基、-(CH2)0-1-C3-6环烷基或被0-2个Re取代的-(CH2)0-1-苯基;Rb是H或杂环基;Re是C1-3烷基、-(CH2)0-1ORf;并且Rf是H或C1-3烷基。
在式(II)的一个实施方案中,R2是-OCH3;R4a是F;R4b是CF3;R5是 R7是被0-1个R9取代的C1-4烷基;R9是-OH;R10是-C(=O)Rb;Rb是H或被0-4个Re取代的C1-3烷基;Re是-(CH2)0-1ORf;并且Rf是H或C1-3烷基。
除非另有说明,否则这些术语具有以下含义。
“卤代基”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。
“烷基”或“亚烷基”旨在包括具有指定碳原子数的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团二者。例如,“C1至C10烷基”或“C1-10烷基”(或亚烷基)旨在包括C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9和C10烷基。另外,例如,“C1至C6烷基”或“C1-C6烷基”表示具有1至6个碳原子的烷基。烷基可以是未经取代的或是经取代的,其中至少一个氢被另一个化学基团替代。示例性烷基包括但不限于甲基(Me)、乙基(Et)、丙基(例如,正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(例如,正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基)和戊基(例如,正戊基、异戊基、新戊基)。当使用“C0烷基”或“C0亚烷基”时,它旨在表示直接键。“烷基”还包括氘烷基,如CD3。
“烯基”或“亚烯基”旨在包括具有一个或多个、优选一至三个碳-碳双键的直链或支链构型的烃链,所述碳-碳双键可以在沿着链的任何稳定点上出现。例如,“C2至C6烯基”或“C2-6烯基”(或亚烯基)旨在包括C2、C3、C4、C5和C6烯基;如乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基和己烯基。
“炔基”或“亚炔基”旨在包括具有一个或多个、优选一至三个碳-碳三键的直链或支链构型的烃链,所述碳-碳三键可以在沿着链的任何稳定点上出现。例如,“C2至C6炔基”或“C2-6炔基”(或亚炔基)旨在包括C2、C3、C4、C5和C6炔基;如乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基和己炔基。
“碳环”、“碳环基”或“碳环残基”旨在意指任何稳定的3、4、5、6、7或8元单环或双环烃环或7、8、9、10、11、12或13元双环或三环烃环,其中任一个可以是饱和的、部分不饱和的、不饱和的或芳族的。此类碳环基的例子包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环丁烯基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环庚烯基、环庚基、环庚烯基、金刚烷基、环辛基、环辛烯基、环辛二烯基、[3.3.0]二环辛烷、[4.3.0]二环壬烷、[4.4.0]二环癸烷(十氢化萘)、[2.2.2]二环辛烷、芴基、苯基、萘基、茚满基、金刚烷基、蒽基和四氢萘基(四氢化萘)。如上文所示,桥环也包括在碳环基的定义中(例如,[2.2.2]双环辛烷)。当一个或多个碳原子连接两个不相邻的碳原子时,出现桥环。优选的桥是一个或两个碳原子。应当注意,桥总是将单环转化为三环。当环被桥接时,针对所述环列举的取代基也可以存在于所述桥上。当使用术语“碳环基”时,其旨在包括“芳基”、“环烷基”和“螺环烷基”。除非另有说明,否则优选的碳环基是环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、苯基、和茚满基。
“环烷基”旨在意指环化的烷基,其包括单环、二环或多环体系。“C3至C7环烷基”或“C3-7环烷基”旨在包括C3、C4、C5、C6和C7环烷基。单环环烷基的非限制性例子包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基。多环环烷基的非限制性例子包括1-十氢化萘基、降冰片基和金刚烷基。
“螺环烷基”旨在意指烃双环体系,其中两个环通过单个原子连接。环的尺寸和性质可以不同,或者环的尺寸和性质可以相同。例子包括螺戊烷、螺己烷、螺庚烷、螺辛烷、螺壬烷或螺癸烷。
“双环碳环基”或“双环碳环基团”旨在意指含有两个稠环并且由碳原子组成的稳定的9或10元碳环的环体系。在两个稠环中,一个环是与第二个环稠合的苯并环;并且第二个环是饱和、部分不饱和或不饱和的5或6元碳环。双环碳环基团可以在导致稳定结构的任何碳原子上附接于其侧基。如果所得化合物稳定,则本文所述的双环碳环基团可以在任何碳上被取代。双环碳环基团的例子是但不限于萘基、1,2-二氢萘基、1,2,3,4-四氢萘基、和茚满基。
“芳基”是指单环或多环芳族烃,包括例如苯基、萘基和菲基(phenanthranyl)。芳基部分是熟知的并且描述于例如Lewis,R.J.编辑,Hawley's Condensed ChemicalDictionary,第13版,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York(1997)中。
“苄基”旨在意指这样的甲基,其上的一个氢原子被苯基取代,其中所述苯基可以任选地被1至5个基团、优选1至3个基团取代。
“杂环”、“杂环基”或“杂环”旨在意指稳定的3、4、5、6或7元单环或双环或7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14元多环杂环,其是饱和的、部分不饱和的或完全不饱和的,并且含有碳原子和1、2、3或4个独立地选自N、O和S的杂原子;并且包括任何多环基团,其中任何上述定义的杂环与苯环稠合。氮和硫杂原子可以任选地被氧化(即N→O和S(O)p,其中p是0、1或2)。氮原子可以是经取代的或未经取代的(即,N或NR,其中R是H或另一个取代基,如果定义的话)。杂环可以在导致稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子上附接至其侧基。如果所得的化合物是稳定的,本文所述的杂环可以在碳上或在氮原子上被取代。杂环基中的氮可以任选地被季铵化。优选的是,当杂环基中的S和O原子的总数超过1时,则这些杂原子彼此不相邻。优选地,杂环基中S和O原子的总数不超过1。桥环也包括在杂环基的定义中。当使用术语“杂环基”时,其旨在包括杂芳基。
杂环基的例子包括但不限于吖啶基、吖丁啶基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并硫代呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噁唑啉基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并咪唑啉基、咔唑基、4aH-咔唑基、咔啉基、色满基、色烯基、噌啉基、十氢喹啉基、2H,6H-1,5,2-二噻嗪基、二氢呋喃并[2,3-b]四氢呋喃、呋喃基、呋咱基、咪唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑基、1H-吲唑基、咪唑并吡啶基、吲哚烯基(indolenyl)、吲哚啉基、吲嗪基、吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、靛红酰基(isatinoyl)、异苯并呋喃基、异色满基、异吲唑基、异吲哚啉基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噻唑并吡啶基、异噁唑基、异噁唑并吡啶基、亚甲基二氧基苯基、吗啉基、萘啶基、八氢异喹啉基、噁二唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噁唑并吡啶基、噁唑烷基咟啶基、羟吲哚基、嘧啶基、菲啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁噻基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶酮基、4-哌啶酮基、胡椒基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、吡唑并吡啶基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡唑并噁唑基、吡唑并咪唑基、吡唑并噻唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯烷基、吡咯啉基、2-吡咯烷酮基、2H-吡咯基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-喹嗪基、喹喔啉基、奎宁环基、四唑基、四氢呋喃基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、6H-1,2,5-噻二嗪基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基、噻蒽基、噻唑基、噻吩基、噻唑并吡啶基、噻唑并噻唑基、噻唑并噁唑基、噻唑并咪唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,5-三唑基、1,3,4-三唑基、和呫吨基。还包括含有例如上述杂环基的稠环和螺化合物。
“双环杂环基”或“双环杂环基团”旨在意指稳定的9或10元杂环体系,其含有两个稠环并且由碳原子和1个、2个、3个或4个独立地选自N、O和S的杂原子组成。在两个稠环中,一个环是5或6元单环的芳香族环,包含5元杂芳基环、6元杂芳基环或苯并环,每个与第二环稠合。第二个环是5或6元单环,所述单环是饱和的、部分不饱和的或不饱和的并且包括5元杂环基、6元杂环基或碳环基(条件是当第二个环是碳环基时,第一个环不是苯)。
双环杂环基团可以在任何杂原子或碳原子上与其侧基附接,这产生稳定的结构。如果所得的化合物是稳定的,则本文所述的双环杂环基团可以在碳上或在氮原子上被取代。优选的是,当杂环基中的S和O原子的总数超过1时,则这些杂原子彼此不相邻。优选地,杂环基中S和O原子的总数不超过1。
双环杂环基团的例子是但不限于喹啉基、异喹啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吲哚啉基、1H-吲唑基、苯并咪唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、5,6,7,8-四氢喹啉基、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、色烷基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹喔啉基和1,2,3,4-四氢喹唑啉基。
“杂芳基”旨在意指稳定的单环和多环芳族烃,所述烃包含至少一个杂原子环成员,如硫、氧或氮。杂芳基包括但不限于吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、三嗪基、呋喃基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噻吩基、咪唑基、噻唑基、吲哚基、吡咯基、噁唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻唑基、异噁唑基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、吲唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、异噻唑基、嘌呤基、咔唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲哚啉基、苯并二氧戊环基、和苯并二噁烷。杂芳基是经取代的或未经取代的。氮原子是经取代的或未经取代的(即,N或NR,其中R是H或另一个取代基,如果定义的话)。氮和硫杂原子可以任选地被氧化(即N→O和S(O)p,其中p是0、1或2)。
如本文所提及的,术语“经取代的”意指至少一个氢原子被非氢基团替代,条件是保持正常的价态并且所述取代产生稳定的化合物。当取代基是酮基(即,=O)时,则原子上的2个氢被替代。芳族部分上不存在酮基取代基。在称环体系(例如,碳环的或杂环的)被羰基或双键取代时,预期羰基或双键是所述环的一部分(即,在所述环内)。如本文所用,环双键是在两个相邻环原子之间形成的双键(例如,C=C、C=N或N=N)。
在本发明的化合物上存在氮原子(例如,胺)的情况下,这些氮原子可以通过用氧化剂(例如,mCPBA和/或过氧化氢)处理而转化为N-氧化物,以得到本发明的其他化合物。因此,认为所示出和要求保护的氮原子涵盖所示出的氮及其N-氧化物(N→O)衍生物。
当任何变量在化合物的任何成分或式中出现多于一次时,其在每次出现时的定义与其在其他每次出现时的定义无关。因此,例如,如果示出了基团被0-3个R基团取代,则所述基团可以任选地被至多三个R基团取代,并且R在每次出现时独立地选自R的定义。另外,只有当取代基和/或变量的组合产生稳定的化合物时,此类组合才可被允许。
当显示与取代基的键与连接环中两个原子的键交叉时,则这个取代基可键合至所述环上的任何原子。当列出取代基而没有指示此类取代基与给定式的化合物的其余部分键合的原子时,则此类取代基可以经由在此类取代基中的任何原子键合。只有当取代基和/或变量的组合产生稳定的化合物时,此类组合才可被允许。
本发明包括化合物的所有药学上可接受的盐形式。药学上可接受的盐是其中抗衡离子不显著促进所述化合物的生理活性或毒性并因此起药理学等效物作用的那些盐。这些盐可以根据常用的有机技术采用可商购的试剂来制备。一些阴离子盐形式包括乙酸盐、醋硬脂酸盐、苯磺酸盐、溴化物、氯化物、柠檬酸盐、富马酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、氢碘酸盐、碘化物、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、硝酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、磷酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐和昔萘酸盐(xinofoate)。一些阳离子盐形式包括铵、铝、苄星青霉素、铋、钙、胆碱、二乙胺、二乙醇胺、锂、镁、葡甲胺、4-苯基环己胺、哌嗪、钾、钠、氨丁三醇和锌。
在整个说明书和所附权利要求书中,给定的化学式或名称应包括其所有立体和光学异构体和外消旋体,在存在此类异构体的情况下。除非另有指示,否则所有手性(对映异构体和非对映异构体)和外消旋形式均在本发明的范围内。对映异构体和非对映异构体是立体异构体的例子。术语“对映异构体”是指彼此互为镜像并且不可重叠的一对分子种类中的一个。术语“非对映异构体”是指不是镜像的立体异构体。术语“外消旋体”或“外消旋混合物”是指由等摩尔量的两种对映异构体种类构成的组合物,其中所述组合物没有旋光活性。
本发明包括化合物、阻转异构体和旋转异构体的所有互变异构形式。
用于制备本发明化合物的所有方法和在其中制备的中间体都被认为是本发明的一部分。
符号“R”和“S”代表在一个或多个手性碳原子周围的取代基的构型。异构体描述符“R”和“S”如本文所述用于指示相对于核心分子的一个或多个原子构型,并且旨在如文献中所定义来使用(IUPAC Recommendations 1996,Pure and Applied Chemistry,68:2193-2222(1996))。
术语“手性”是指使分子无法将其重叠在其镜像上的分子的结构特征。术语“同手性”是指对映异构体纯度的状态。术语“旋光活性”是指同手性分子或手性分子的非外消旋混合物旋转偏振光平面的程度。
本发明旨在包括在所述化合物中出现的原子的所有同位素。同位素包括那些原子数相同但质量数不同的原子。通过一般举例而非限制的方式,氢的同位素包括氘和氚。碳的同位素包括13C和14C。本发明的同位素标记的化合物通常可以通过本领域技术人员已知的常规技术或通过与本文所述那些类似的方法,使用适当的同位素标记的试剂代替原本采用的未经标记的试剂来制备。此类化合物可以具有很多潜在的用途,例如在测定生物活性时作为标准品和试剂。在稳定同位素的情况下,此类化合物可以具有有利地改变生物学、药理学或药代动力学特性的潜力。
在整个说明书和所附权利要求书中,给定的化学式或名称应包括其所有立体和光学异构体和外消旋体,在存在此类异构体的情况下。除非另有指示,否则所有手性(对映异构体和非对映异构体)和外消旋形式均在本发明的范围内。在化合物中也可以存在C=C双键、C=N双键、环体系等的许多几何异构体,并且所有此类稳定的异构体都考虑在本发明中。描述了本发明化合物的顺式和反式(或E-和Z-)几何异构体,并且它们可以作为异构体混合物或作为单独的异构体形式来分离。本发明化合物可以以旋光活性或外消旋形式分离。旋光活性形式可以通过拆分外消旋形式或通过从旋光活性起始材料合成来制备。用于制备本发明化合物的所有方法和在其中制备的中间体都被认为是本发明的一部分。当制备对映异构体或非对映异构体产物时,它们可以通过常规方法(例如通过色谱法或分级结晶)来分离。取决于方法条件,本发明的终产物可以以游离形式(中性)或盐形式获得。这些终产物的游离形式和盐两者都在本发明的范围内。如果希望这样,则可以将化合物的一种形式转化为另一种形式。可以将游离碱或酸转化成盐;可以将盐转化成游离化合物或另一种盐;可以将本发明的异构体化合物的混合物分离成单独的异构体。本发明的化合物、其游离形式及盐可以以多种互变异构体形式存在,其中氢原子被转位到分子的其他部分,并且因此分子的原子之间的化学键被重排。应当理解,所有互变异构形式,只要它们可能存在,则都包括在本发明内。
术语“立体异构体”是指具有相同构成,而它们的原子在空间中的排列不同的异构体。对映异构体和非对映异构体是立体异构体的例子。术语“对映异构体”是指彼此互为镜像并且不可重叠的一对分子种类中的一个。术语“非对映异构体”是指不是镜像的立体异构体。术语“外消旋体”或“外消旋混合物”是指由等摩尔量的两种对映异构体种类构成的组合物,其中所述组合物没有旋光活性。
生物学方法
RXFP1环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)测定。在补充有10%合格FBS和300μg/ml潮霉素(LifeTechnologies)的MEM培养基中培养人胚肾细胞293(HEK293)细胞和稳定表达人RXFP1的HEK293细胞。将细胞解离并且悬浮在测定缓冲液中。测定缓冲液是含有20mM HEPES、0.05%BSA和0.5mM IBMX的HBSS缓冲液(具有钙和镁)。将细胞(3000个细胞/孔,但稳定表达人RXFP1的HEK293细胞为1500个细胞/孔)添加至384孔Proxiplate(Perkin-Elmer)中。将细胞立即用DMSO(最终2%)中的终浓度在0.010nM至50μM范围内的测试化合物处理。将细胞在室温下孵育30min。根据制造商的说明,使用HTRF HiRange cAMP测定试剂盒(Cisbio)确定细胞内cAMP的水平。分别在提供的裂解缓冲液中制备穴合物缀合的抗cAMP和d2荧光团标记的cAMP的溶液。反应完成后,将细胞用等体积的d2-cAMP溶液和抗cAMP溶液裂解。室温孵育1h后,使用Envision(Perkin-Elmer)在400nm激发以及590nm和665nm的双重发射下测量时间分辨荧光强度。用浓度在从2.7μM至0.1pM范围内的外部cAMP标准品通过绘制从665nm发射的荧光强度与从590nm发射的荧光强度比率与cAMP浓度的关系曲线来构建校准曲线。然后通过从cAMP水平与化合物浓度的关系图拟合4参数逻辑斯谛方程来确定化合物抑制cAMP产生的效力和活性。
以下公开的实施例在上述人RXFP1(hRXFP1)HEK293cAMP测定中进行了测试,并且被发现具有激动剂活性。表A列出了针对实施例在hRXFP1HEK293cAMP测定中测量的EC50值。
表A
药物组合物和使用方法
式(I)的化合物是RXFP1受体激动剂,并且可以用于治疗医学适应证,如心力衰竭、纤维化疾病和相关疾病,如肺疾病(例如,特发性肺纤维化)、肾脏疾病(例如,慢性肾脏病)或肝脏疾病(例如,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和门静脉高压症)。
本发明的另一方面是药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含式(I)的化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一方面是药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含用于治疗松弛素相关障碍的式(I)的化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗与松弛素相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括施用有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗心血管疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗心力衰竭的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗纤维化的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗与纤维化相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种治疗或预防肾衰竭的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物。
本发明的另一方面是一种改善、稳定或恢复有需要的患者的肾功能方法,所述方法包括向患者施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物。
除非另有说明,否则以下术语具有所叙述的含义。
术语“患者”或“受试者”是指如本领域从业者所理解可以潜在地受益于用RXFP1激动剂治疗的任何人或非人生物体。示例性受试者包括具有心血管疾病风险因素的任何年龄的人类。常见风险因素包括但不限于年龄,性别,体重,家族史,睡眠呼吸暂停,饮酒或吸烟,缺乏运动,心律失常,或胰岛素抵抗迹象,如黑棘皮病、高血压、血脂异常、或多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)。
“治疗(treating)”或“治疗(treatment)”涵盖了本领域从业者所理解的疾病状态的治疗,并且包括以下内容:(a)抑制疾病状态,即阻止其发展;(b)缓解疾病状态,即导致疾病状态消退;和/或(c)预防疾病状态在哺乳动物中发生,特别是当这个哺乳动物易患疾病状态,但尚未被诊断为患有所述疾病状态时。
“预防(preventing)”或“预防(prevention)”包括亚临床疾病状态的预防性治疗(即,预防和/或降低风险),目的在于降低如本领域从业者所理解的临床疾病状态发生的可能性。基于已知与普通群体相比增加患上临床疾病状态的风险的因素来选择患者进行预防性疗法。“预防”疗法可以被分为(a)一级预防和(b)二级预防。一级预防被定义为在尚未呈现临床疾病状态的受试者中的治疗,而二级预防被定义为预防相同或相似的临床疾病状态的第二次发生。“风险降低”或“降低风险”涵盖降低临床疾病状态发展的发生率的疗法。因此,一级和二级预防疗法是风险降低的例子。
“治疗有效量”旨在包括当单独或与其他药剂组合施用时有效治疗本领域从业者所理解的障碍的本发明的化合物的量。当应用于组合时,所述术语是指无论是在组合中施用、连续施用还是同时施用,产生预防性或治疗性效果的活性成分的组合量。
“心血管系统的障碍”或“心血管障碍”包括例如以下障碍:高血压(hypertension/high blood pressure)、外周和心血管障碍、冠心病、稳定型和不稳定型心绞痛、心脏病发作、心肌机能不全、异常心律(或心律失常)、持续性缺血性功能障碍(“冬眠心肌”)、暂时性缺血后功能障碍(“顿抑心肌”)、心力衰竭、外周血流紊乱、急性冠脉综合征、心力衰竭、心肌疾病(心肌病)、心肌梗死和血管疾病(vascular disease/blood vessel disease)。
“心力衰竭”包括心力衰竭的急性和慢性表现两者,以及更具体或相关类型的疾病,如晚期心力衰竭、急性后期心力衰竭(post-acute heart failure)、心肾综合征、心力衰竭伴肾功能损害、慢性心力衰竭、射血分数中间范围型慢性心力衰竭(HFmEF)、代偿性心力衰竭、失代偿性心力衰竭、右心衰竭、左心衰竭、全心衰竭、缺血性心肌病、扩张型心肌病、与先天性心脏缺陷相关的心力衰竭、心脏瓣膜缺陷、与心脏瓣膜缺陷相关的心力衰竭、二尖瓣狭窄、二尖瓣关闭不全、主动脉瓣狭窄、主动脉瓣关闭不全、三尖瓣狭窄、三尖瓣关闭不全、肺动脉瓣狭窄、肺动脉瓣关闭不全、与合并心脏瓣膜缺陷相关的心力衰竭、心肌炎症(心肌炎)、慢性心肌炎、急性心肌炎、病毒性心肌炎、糖尿病性心力衰竭、酒精性心肌病、与心脏储存障碍相关的心力衰竭、舒张性心力衰竭、收缩性心力衰竭、急性加重期心力衰竭、射血分数保留型心力衰竭(HFpEF)、射血分数降低型心力衰竭(HFrEF)、射血分数降低型慢性心力衰竭(HFrEF)、射血分数保留型慢性心力衰竭(HFpEF)、心肌衰弱后重塑、心绞痛、高血压、肺高压和肺动脉高压。
“纤维化障碍”涵盖以纤维化为特征的疾病和障碍,尤其包括以下疾病和障碍:肝纤维化、肝硬化、NASH、肺部纤维化或肺纤维化、心脏纤维化、心内膜心肌纤维化、肾病、肾小球肾炎、间质性肾纤维化、糖尿病引起的纤维化损害、骨髓纤维化和类似的纤维化障碍、硬皮病、硬斑病、瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕(也在手术之后)、痣、糖尿病性视网膜病变、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变和结缔组织障碍(例如结节病)。
松弛素相关的障碍包括但不限于心血管系统的障碍和纤维化障碍。
可以通过任何以下合适的方式施用本发明的化合物:例如口服,如片剂、胶囊剂(其中的每一种包括持续释放或定时释放配制品)、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、酏剂、酊剂、混悬剂(包括纳米混悬剂、微混悬剂、喷雾干燥分散体)、糖浆剂和乳剂;舌下地;经颊地;肠胃外地,如通过皮下、静脉内、肌肉内或胸骨内注射或输注技术(例如,作为无菌可注射水性或非水性溶液或混悬剂);鼻内地,包括施用至鼻膜,如通过吸入喷雾;外用地,如以乳膏或软膏的形式;或直肠地,如以栓剂的形式。它们可以单独施用,但是通常将与基于所选择的施用途径和标准药学实践而选择的药物载体一起施用。
“药物组合物”意指这样的组合物,所述组合物包含本发明的化合物与至少一种另外的药学上可接受的载体的组合。“药学上可接受的载体”是指本领域中普遍接受的用于向动物(特别是哺乳动物)递送生物活性剂的介质,包括即佐剂、赋形剂或媒介物,如稀释剂、防腐剂、填充剂、流量调节剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、助悬剂、甜味剂、调味剂、芳香剂、抗细菌剂、抗真菌剂、润滑剂和分散剂,取决于施用方式和剂型的性质。
根据完全在本领域普通技术人员的范围内的许多因素来配制药学上可接受的载体。这些包括但不限于所配制的活性剂的类型和性质;待施用含有所述药剂的组合物的受试者;所述组合物的预期施用途径;以及目标治疗适应证。药学上可接受的载体包括水性和非水性液体介质两者、以及各种固体和半固体剂型。此类载体还可以包括除活性剂之外的许多不同的成分和添加剂,此类另外的成分出于本领域普通技术人员熟知的多种原因(例如,活性剂、粘合剂等的稳定化)被包括在配制品中。合适的药学上可接受的载体以及其选择中涉及的因素的描述可在多种可易获得的来源例如像Allen,L.V.,Jr.等人,Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2卷),第22版,Pharmaceutical Press(2012)中找到。
当然,本发明的化合物的给药方案将根据已知因素(如特定药剂的药效学特征及其施用方式和途径;接受者的物种、年龄、性别、健康、医疗状况和体重;症状的性质和程度;并行治疗的种类;治疗频率;施用途径、患者的肾和肝功能和所希望的效果)而变化。
作为一般指导,当用于所指示的作用时,每种活性成分的每日口服剂量的范围将在约0.01至约5000mg/天之间、优选在约0.1至约1000mg/天之间、并且最优选在约0.1至约250mg/天之间。经静脉内,在恒定速率输注期间,最优选的剂量的范围将是从约0.01至约10mg/kg/分钟。可以将本发明的化合物以单一日剂量施用,或者可以将每日总剂量以每日两次、三次或四次的分剂量施用。
化合物通常与合适的药物稀释剂、赋形剂或载体(在本文中统称为药物载体)混合施用,所述药物稀释剂、赋形剂或载体关于施用的预期形式(例如,口服片剂、胶囊、酏剂和糖浆剂)适当选择,并且与常规的药学实践一致。
适用于施用的剂型(药物组合物)可以含有从约1毫克至约2000毫克活性成分/剂量单位。在这些药物组合物中,活性成分将通常以基于组合物的总重量按重量计约0.1%-95%的量存在。用于口服施用的典型胶囊含有至少一种本发明的化合物(250mg)、乳糖(75mg)和硬脂酸镁(15mg)。使混合物通过60目筛并且装入1号明胶胶囊中。通过将至少一种本发明的化合物(250mg)无菌放入小瓶中、无菌冷冻干燥和密封来生产典型的可注射制剂。使用时,将小瓶中的内容物与2mL生理盐水混合以产生可注射制剂。
化合物可以与可用于治疗疾病或障碍的其他合适的治疗剂组合采用,所述其他合适的治疗剂包括:抗动脉粥样硬化药剂、抗血脂异常药剂、抗糖尿病药剂、抗高血糖药剂、抗高胰岛素血症药剂、抗血栓形成药剂、抗视网膜病变药剂、抗神经病药剂、抗肾病药剂、抗局部缺血药剂、抗高血压药剂、抗肥胖症药剂、抗血脂过多药剂、抗高甘油三酯血症药剂、抗高胆固醇血药剂、抗再狭窄药剂、抗胰腺药剂、降血脂药剂、厌食药剂、记忆增强药剂、抗痴呆药剂、认知促进药剂、食欲抑制剂、用于治疗心力衰竭的药剂、用于治疗外周动脉疾病的药剂、用于治疗恶性肿瘤的药剂以及抗炎症药剂。
另外的治疗剂可以包括ACE抑制剂、β-阻断剂、利尿剂、盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂、兰尼碱受体调节剂、SERCA2a激活剂、肾素抑制剂、钙通道阻断剂、腺苷A1受体激动剂、部分腺苷A1受体、多巴胺β-羟化酶抑制剂、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂、对选择的细胞信号传导途径具有偏向激动作用的血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂和脑啡肽酶抑制剂的组合、脑啡肽酶抑制剂、可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激活剂、肌球蛋白ATP酶激活剂、rho激酶1抑制剂、rho激酶2抑制剂、爱帕琳肽受体激动剂、供硝酰基化合物、钙依赖性激酶II抑制剂、抗纤维化剂、半乳凝素-3抑制剂、血管加压素受体拮抗剂、FPR2受体调节剂、利钠肽受体激动剂、瞬时受体电位香草素-4通道阻断剂、抗心律失常药、If“起搏电流”通道阻断剂、硝酸盐、洋地黄化合物、正性肌力药和β-受体激动剂、细胞膜再密封剂(例如,泊洛沙姆188)、抗高血脂药、血浆HDL升高剂、抗高胆固醇血症药、胆固醇生物合成抑制剂(如HMG CoA还原酶抑制剂)、LXR激动剂、FXR激动剂、普罗布考、雷洛昔芬、烟酸、烟酰胺、胆固醇吸收抑制剂、胆汁酸螯合剂、阴离子交换树脂、季铵、消胆胺、考来替泊、低密度脂蛋白受体诱导剂、氯贝特、非诺贝特、苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、吉非瑞唑(gemfibrizol)、维生素B6、维生素B12、抗氧化维生素、抗糖尿病药、血小板聚集抑制剂、纤维蛋白原受体拮抗剂、阿司匹林和纤维酸衍生物、PCSK9抑制剂、阿司匹林和P2Y12抑制剂(如氯吡格雷)。
另外的治疗剂可以包括尼达尼布、吡非尼酮、LPA1拮抗剂、LPA1受体拮抗剂、GLP1类似物、曲罗芦单抗(IL-13,AstraZeneca)、维莫德吉(刺猬蛋白拮抗剂,Roche)、PRM-151(正五聚蛋白-2、TGFβ-1,Promedior)、SAR-156597(双特异性Mab IL-4和IL-13,Sanofi)、辛妥珠单抗((抗赖氨酰氧化酶样2(抗LOXL2)抗体,Gilead)、CKD-942、PTL-202(PDE抑制剂/己酮可可碱/NAC口服控释剂,Pacific Ther.)、奥帕利司(口服PI3K/mTOR抑制剂,GSK)、IW-001(V型牛胶原型口服液,ImmuneWorks)、STX-100(整合素αV/β-6抗体,Stromedix/Biogen)、艾克明(IFNγ)、PC-SOD(米迪斯美;吸入剂,LTT Bio-Pharma/CKD Pharm)、来金珠单抗(抗IL-13SC人源化mAb,Roche)、AQX-1125(SHIP1活化剂,Aquinox)、CC-539(JNK抑制剂,Celgene)、FG-3019(FibroGen)、SAR-100842(Sanofi)和奥贝胆酸(OCA或INT-747,Intercept)。
当与本发明化合物组合采用时,上述其他治疗剂可以例如以在Physicians'DeskReference中指出的、如在上述专利中的或如由本领域从业者另外确定的那些量使用。
特别是当作为单一剂量单位提供时,组合的活性成分之间存在化学相互作用的可能性。出于这种原因,当将本发明的化合物和第二治疗剂以单一剂量单位组合时,将它们配制成使得尽管活性成分以单一剂量单位组合,但是活性成分之间的物理接触是最小化的(也就是说,减少的)。例如,一种活性成分可以是肠溶包衣的。通过对活性成分之一进行肠溶包衣,不仅可以使组合的活性成分之间的接触最小化,而且可以控制胃肠道中这些组分之一的释放,使得这些组分之一不在胃中释放,而是在肠道中释放。也可以将活性成分之一用一种材料包衣,所述材料在整个胃肠道中影响持续释放并且还用于使组合的活性成分之间的物理接触最小化。此外,可以将持续释放的组分另外进行肠溶包衣,使得此组分的释放仅在肠道中发生。再另一种方法涉及配制组合产品,其中将一种组分用持续释放和/或肠溶释放聚合物包衣,并且也将另一种组分用聚合物(如低粘度级羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC))或如本领域中已知的其他适当材料包衣,以进一步将活性组分分开。聚合物包衣用于形成针对与另一种组分相互作用的另外的屏障。
本发明的化合物在涉及RXFP1的测试或测定中也可用作标准或参比化合物,例如作为质量标准或对照。可以将此类化合物以商业试剂盒提供,例如以用于在涉及RXFP1的药物研究中使用。例如,可以将本发明的化合物在测定中用作参比,以将其已知活性与具有未知活性的化合物进行比较。这将确保实验者正确地进行测定,并且提供比较基础,特别是如果测试化合物是参比化合物的衍生物。当开发新的测定或方案时,可以使用根据本发明的化合物来测试它们的有效性。本发明的化合物也可以用于涉及RXFP1的诊断测定。
本发明还涵盖制品。如本文所用,制品旨在包括但不限于试剂盒和包装。本发明的制品包含:(a)第一容器;(b)位于第一容器内的药物组合物,其中所述组合物包含:第一治疗剂,其包含本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐形式;以及(c)包装说明书,其说明所述药物组合物可以用于治疗血脂异常及其后遗症。在另一个实施方案中,所述包装说明书说明所述药物组合物可以与用于治疗血脂异常及其后遗症的第二治疗剂组合(如先前所定义的)使用。制品可以进一步包含:(d)第二容器,其中组分(a)和(b)位于第二容器内,并且组分(c)位于第二容器内或外。位于第一和第二容器内意指相应的容器将物品保持在其边界内。
第一容器是用于保持药物组合物的接收容器。此容器可以用于制造、储存、运输和/或单独/批量销售。第一容器旨在涵盖瓶、罐、小瓶、烧瓶、注射器、管(例如,用于乳膏制剂)或用于制造、保持、储存或分配药物产品的任何其他容器。
第二容器是用于保持第一容器和任选的药品说明书的容器。第二容器的例子包括但不限于盒(例如,纸板或塑料)、板条箱、纸箱、袋(例如,纸或塑料袋)、小袋和大袋。药品说明书可以经由胶带、胶水、订书钉或另一种附接方法物理地附接到第一容器的外侧,或者它可以静置在第二容器的内侧而无需与第一容器附接的任何物理装置。可替代地,药品说明书位于第二容器的外侧。当位于第二容器的外侧时,优选的是,药品说明书经由胶带、胶水、订书钉或另一种附接方法物理地附接。可替代地,它可以与第二容器的外侧相邻或接触,而不是物理地附接。
包装插页是标签(label)、签条(tag)、标记(marker)等,其列举了与位于第一容器内的药物组合物有关的信息。所列举的信息将通常由管理待销售制品的地区的管理机构(例如,美国食品和药物管理局)来确定。优选地,药品说明书特别记载药物组合物己获批准的适应证。药品说明书可以由人可以阅读其中或其上所含信息的任何材料制成。优选地,所述包装说明书是可印刷材料(例如,纸、塑料、硬纸板、箔、背胶纸或塑料等),在其上已形成(例如,印刷或施加)所希望的信息。
化学方法
本发明的化合物可以通过本领域已知的多种方法来制造,所述方法包括以下方案和具体实施方案部分中的那些方法。合成方案中所示的结构编号和变量编号不同于权利要求书或说明书其余部分中的结构或变量编号,并且不应与其混淆。方案中的变量仅意图说明如何制备本发明的一些化合物。
还将认识到,在此领域的任何合成途径的规划中的另一个主要考虑因素是明智地选择用于保护本发明中描述的化合物中存在的反应性官能团的保护基团。向训练有素的从业者描述许多替代方案的权威性报道是Greene,T.W.等人,Protecting Groups inOrganic Synthesis,第4版,Wiley(2007))。
缩写定义如下:“1x”表示一次,“2x”表示两次,“3x”表示三次,“℃”表示摄氏度,“aq”表示水性,“eq”或“equiv.”表示一个或多个当量,“g”表示克,“mg”表示毫克,“L”表示升,“mL”表示毫升,“μL”表示微升,“N”表示当量浓度,“M”表示摩尔,“nM”表示纳摩尔,“pM”表示皮摩尔,“mol”表示摩尔,“mmol”表示毫摩尔,“min”表示分钟,“h”表示小时,“rt”表示室温,“RT”表示保留时间,“atm”表示大气压,“psi”表示磅/平方英寸,“conc.”表示浓缩的,“aq”表示“水性”,“sat.”表示饱和的,“MW”表示分子量,“MS”或“Mass Spec”表示质谱法,“ESI”表示电喷雾电离质谱法,“LC-MS”表示液相色谱质谱法,“HPLC”表示高压液相色谱法,“RP HPLC”表示反相HPLC,“NMR”表示核磁共振波谱法,“SFC”表示超临界流体色谱法,“1H”表示质子,“δ”表示德尔塔,“s”表示单峰,“d”表示二重峰,“t”表示三重峰,“q”表示四重峰,“m”表示多重峰,“br”表示宽峰,“Hz”表示赫兹,“MHz”表示兆赫,并且“α”、“β”、“R”、“S”、“E”和“Z”是本领域技术人员熟悉的立体化学名称。
AcCl | 乙酰氯 |
AcOH | 乙酸 |
AIBN | 偶氮二异丁腈 |
BHFFT | 双(四亚甲基)氟甲脒六氟磷酸盐 |
Boc | 叔丁氧基羰基 |
BuLi | 丁基锂 |
DAST | 二乙氨基三氟化硫 |
DCE | 二氯乙烷 |
DCM | 二氯甲烷 |
DIEA | 二异丙基乙胺 |
DMAP | 4-二甲基氨基吡啶 |
DMF | 二甲基甲酰胺 |
DPPA | 叠氮磷酸二苯酯 |
Et2O | 乙醚 |
EtOAc | 乙酸乙酯 |
EtOH | 乙醇 |
HATU | (1-[双(二甲基氨基)亚甲基]-1H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶鎓3-氧化物六氟磷酸盐) |
HMPA | 六甲基磷酰胺 |
IPA | 异丙醇 |
i-Pr | 异丙基 |
KHMDS | 双(三甲基硅烷基)氨基钾 |
LDA | 二异丙基氨基锂 |
MeCN | 乙腈 |
MeOH | 甲醇 |
Me | 甲基 |
NBS | N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺 |
Pd/C | 钯碳 |
pTsOH | 对甲苯磺酸 |
PyBroP | 溴三吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐 |
T3P | 2,4,6-三丙基-1,3,5,2,4,6-三氧杂三磷杂环己烷-2,4,6-三氧化物 |
TBAF | 四正丁基氟化铵 |
t-Bu | 叔丁基 |
Teoc | 2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙基甲酸酯 |
TFA | 三氟乙酸 |
TFAA | 三氟乙酸酐 |
THF | 四氢呋喃 |
TsOH | 甲苯磺酸 |
XPhos-Pd-G2 | 第2代XPhos预催化剂CAS号1310584-14-5 |
在示例性实施例中使用以下方法,除非另有说明。通过正相或反相色谱进行中间体和最终产物的纯化。除非另有指示,否则使用预填充的SiO2柱用己烷和乙酸乙酯或DCM和MeOH的梯度洗脱进行正相色谱。使用C18柱用UV 220nm或制备型LCMS检测进行反相制备型HPLC,其中用溶剂A(90%水、10% MeOH、0.1% TFA)和溶剂B(10%水、90%MeOH、0.1%TFA)的梯度进行洗脱,或用溶剂A(95%水、5% ACN、0.1% TFA)和溶剂B(5%水、95% ACN、0.1% TFA)的梯度进行洗脱,或用溶剂A(95%水、2% ACN、0.1% HCOOH)和溶剂B(98%ACN、2%水、0.1% HCOOH)的梯度进行洗脱,或用溶剂A(95%水、5% ACN、10mM NH4OAc)和溶剂B(98% ACN、2%水、10mM NH4OAc)的梯度进行洗脱,或用溶剂A(98%水、2% ACN、0.1% NH4OH)和溶剂B(98% ACN、2%水、0.1% NH4OH)的梯度进行洗脱。
下文列出了在实施例的表征中采用的LC/MS方法。
分析型HPLC方法A条件:柱:Waters XBridge C18,2.1mm x 50mm,1.7μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含10mM乙酸铵);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含10mM乙酸铵);温度:50℃;梯度:经3min 0% B至100% B,然后在100% B下保持0.50min;流速:1mL/min;检测:MS和UV(220nm)。
分析型HPLC方法B条件:柱:Waters XBridge C18,2.1mm x 50mm,1.7μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);温度:50℃;梯度:经3min 0% B至100% B,然后在100% B下保持0.50min;流速:1mL/min;检测:MS和UV(220nm)。
分析型HPLC方法C条件:柱:Sunfire C18,3.0x 150mm,3.5μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含0.05%三氟乙酸);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含0.05%三氟乙酸);梯度:经12分钟0% B至100% B;流速:0.5mL/min;检测:UV(220nM和254nM)。
用于表征实施例的NMR。使用以如下频率操作的Bruker傅立叶变换波谱仪获得1HNMR波谱:1H NMR:400MHz(Bruker)或500MHz(Bruker)。光谱数据以以下格式报告:化学位移(多重性、偶合常数、氢数)。化学位移以四甲基硅烷内标物向低场的ppm来指定(δ单位,四甲基硅烷=0ppm)和/或参考溶剂峰,所述溶剂峰在1H NMR波谱中出现在如下位置:对于DMSO-d6在2.51ppm处,对于CD3OD在3.30ppm处,对于CD3CN在1.94ppm处且对于CDCl3在7.24ppm处。
方案I显示了可以如何由外消旋中间体I-1来制备本发明的化合物,所述外消旋中间体I-1是已知的化合物,其合成描述于Org.Lett.2012,14,4,1110-1113中。I-1中的苄酯的氢解产生甲酯/羧酸I-2。I-3中的胺经由Curtius重排安装为Teoc氨基甲酸酯。剩余酯的水解以及与胺或苯胺的偶联产生I-4。所述氨基甲酸酯在酸性条件(如在二噁烷中的HCl或在CH2Cl2中的TFA)下的切割产生胺(I-5),所述胺适合于使用标准胺偶联试剂(如HATU或BOP)与多种羧酸偶联以提供实施例I。
方案I
方案II说明了得到基于苦杏仁酸的联芳基类似物的通用途径。将可商购的II-1转化为叔丁酯II-2,然后溴化,以提供II-3。用乙酸置换溴化物提供中间体II-4,然后使其经历铃木反应,以提供中间体8(乙酸切割伴随联芳基形成而进行)。如方案I中所述,将所得酸直接偶联至胺中间体,以提供II-6。II-6中的羟基可以用适当的异氰酸酯或两步氨基甲酸酯形成方案(例如,硝基苯基氯甲酸酯,TEA,随后是胺)来加工。然后切割叔丁酯(TFA/DCM),以提供本发明的化合物。
方案II
方案III描述了经取代的异噁唑啉类似物的产生的途径。用NaOCl处理III-1,随后用经取代的烯烃处理,随后皂化酯,提供中间体III-2。根据方案I中概述的方法将这些中间体与胺偶联,以提供本发明的化合物。
方案III
方案IV描述了光化学[2+2]反应,以产生本发明的苯并稠合的实施例的核心结构。在适当的光催化剂(如(Ir[dF(CF3)ppy]2(dtbpy))PF6)的存在下,在暴露于蓝色或紫色LED灯后,茚IV-1与马来酸单苄酯IV-2反应,产生[2+2]加合物IV-3和IV-4(由内环加成产生的苯并稠合位置异构体),IV-5和IV-6(由外环加成产生的苯并稠合位置异构体),以及IV-7、IV-8、IV-9和IV-10(IV-3至IV-6的反式异构体)。
方案IV
方案V描述了从方案IV中的中间体合成苯并稠合的类似物,使用IV-3作为例子,但不限于此。可以使IV-3经历Curtius重排,以产生V-1。剩余的苄酯的氢解和使用适当的胺V-2的标准胺偶联条件得到V-3。在酸性条件(如在二噁烷中的HCl或在CH2Cl2中的TFA)下,切割V-3中的氨基甲酸酯,产生胺(V-4),所述胺适合于使用标准胺偶联试剂(如HATU或BOP)与多种羧酸偶联以提供通用结构V-5的化合物。
方案V
中间体1-顺式-6-苄基7-甲基-双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6,7-二甲酸酯
通过使用Org.Lett.2012,14,4,1110-1113中描述的方法制备作为外消旋体的中间体1。
中间体2-5-(3-羟丙-1-炔-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸
中间体2A-5-(3-羟丙-1-炔-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备
向在TEA(31mL)中浆化的5-溴-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(3.0g,12mmol)和丙炔醇(1.5mL,25mmol)中添加Pd(PPh3)4(0.28g,0.25mmol)和CuI(0.023g,0.12mmol)。将容器用N2鼓泡,并且在80℃下加热16h。将反应混合物在水与EtOAc之间分配,并且将有机层分离,并且经Na2SO4干燥。将有机层倾析,并且在真空下浓缩,并且将残余物加载到80g Isco柱上,并且用0%至100%在己烷中的EtOAc的线性梯度洗脱,以提供5-(3-羟丙-1-炔-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(1.3g,6.1mmol,产率50%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.92(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=8.7,2.3Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.50(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),3.94(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),1.64(t,J=6.1Hz,1H)。MS(ESI)m/z 221.1(M+H)+。
中间体2:向2打兰反应小瓶中添加中间体2A(50mg,0.23mmol)、THF(1mL)、水(0.5mL)和LiOH一水合物(35mg,0.85mmol)。将反应混合物在23℃下搅拌1h,用EtOAc(10mL)稀释,并且用含有1.5mmol HCl的饱和NH4Cl洗涤。将有机相经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且在减压下浓缩,以提供中间体2(47mg,0.23mmol),将其不经进一步纯化即使用。LC-MS RT:0.76min;MS(ESI)m/z=206.8(M+H)+。
中间体3(手性峰-1)、中间体4(手性峰-2):2-甲氧基-5-(3a,4,6,6a-四氢呋喃并[3,4-d]异噁唑-3-基)苯甲酸:
中间体3A:(E)-5-((羟基亚氨基)甲基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备:将可商购的5-甲酰基-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(1.16g,6.00mmol)溶解在DCM(5mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加HONH2HCl(415mg,6.00mmol),随后添加TEA(1mL),并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌20小时。将反应混合物用水(100mL)稀释,并且用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取。将合并的有机层经MgSO4干燥,并且在真空中浓缩至干,以得到呈白色固体的中间体3A(1.2g,95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.13(s,1H),8.03(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.78-7.67(m,1H),7.03(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.97(s,3H),3.93(s,3H)。LCMS(ESI)m/z:=210.1(M+H)+。
中间体3B:(Z)-5-(氯(羟基亚氨基)甲基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备:将中间体3A(23g,0.10mol)溶解在DMF(100mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加NCS(15g,0.10mol),并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。将反应用水(300mL)淬灭,此时形成固体,将其通过过滤收集。然后将过滤的固体在真空中干燥,以得到呈淡黄色固体的中间体3B(23g,产率86%)。LCMS(ESI)m/z:=244.1(M+H)+。
中间体3C:2-甲氧基-5-(3a,4,6,6a-四氢呋喃并[3,4-d]异噁唑-3-基)苯甲酸甲酯的制备:向在DCM(10mL)中的中间体中间体3B(0.4g,2mmol)和2,5-二氢呋喃(1.2g,17mmol)中添加TEA(0.7mL,5.2mmol),并且将反应混合物搅拌24h。在减压下除去溶剂,并且将残余物加载到40g Isco柱上,并且用0%至10%在CH2Cl2中的MeOH的线性梯度洗脱,以得到中间体3C(0.40g,产率83%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.86(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.38(dd,J=9.2,3.9Hz,1H),4.34-4.26(m,2H),4.20-4.09(m,1H),3.96(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.83-3.76(m,1H),2.92-2.70(m,1H)。LCMS(ESI)m/z=278.3(M+H)+。
手性中间体3D和3E:通过以下制备型色谱方法通过手性SFC从中间体3C分离以下手性中间体:仪器:Berger MG II;柱:Chiralpak IA,21x 250mm,5微米;流动相:20%MeOH/80% CO2;流动条件:45mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm;分析方法:仪器:ShimadzuNexera SFC,柱:Chiralpak IA,4.6x 100mm,3微米;流动相:20%MeOH/80% CO2;流动条件:2mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm,以得到手性中间体3D(峰-1,RT=3.80min,>99%ee)和手性中间体3E(峰-2,RT=7.43min,>98%ee)。
中间体3:2-甲氧基-5-(3a,4,6,6a-四氢呋喃并[3,4-d]异噁唑-3-基)苯甲酸的制备:向中间体3D(75mg,0.30mmol)在THF(3mL)中的溶液中添加MeOH(0.6mL),随后添加LiOH(2M,0.4mL,0.8mmol)。在4小时后,将反应混合物用水(20mL)稀释,并且用HCl(1N)使溶液达到pH=4-5。将反应混合物用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取,并且将合并的有机层干燥(MgSO4),并且在减压下浓缩至干,以得到中间体3(71mg,产率100%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ7.78(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.71(dd,J=8.7,2.3Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.33(dd,J=9.2,3.6Hz,1H),4.44(ddd,J=8.9,7.2,1.3Hz,1H),4.18(d,J=10.6Hz,1H),4.08(dd,J=9.4,1.0Hz,1H),3.91-3.88(m,3H),3.86(dd,J=9.4,6.9Hz,1H),3.73(dd,J=10.7,3.7Hz,1H)。LCMS(ESI)m/z:=264.1(M+H)+。
中间体4:2-甲氧基-5-(3a,4,6,6a-四氢呋喃并[3,4-d]异噁唑-3-基)苯甲酸的制备:以与中间体3类似的方式制备中间体3E(52mg,0.2mmol,产率100%),用中间体3E取代中间体3D。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.10(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.87(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.38(dd,J=9.2,3.7Hz,1H),4.47(ddd,J=8.9,7.2,1.2Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),4.12(q,J=7.1Hz,1H),4.07(dd,J=9.5,0.9Hz,1H),3.97(s,3H),3.88(dd,J=9.5,6.9Hz,1H),3.76(dd,J=10.8,3.6Hz,1H)。LCMS(ESI)m/z:=264.1(M+H)+。
中间体5C:5-(5-羟基-3a,5,6,6a-四氢-4H-环戊二烯并[d]异噁唑-3-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸
以与中间体3C类似的方式,通过以下方式制备作为4种异构体的混合物的中间体5:用环戊-3-烯-1-醇取代环戊-3-烯-1-基甲醇,随后如针对中间体3所述进行酯水解,以得到中间体5的非对映异构体混合物。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.85(dd,J=8.8,2.3Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.30(ddd,J=9.4,6.2,2.9Hz,1H),4.50(quin,J=5.9Hz,1H),4.19(td,J=9.3,4.7Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H),2.33-2.27(m,1H),2.18-2.06(m,3H)。MS(ESI)m/z=292.0(M+H)+。
通过以下制备型色谱方法通过手性SFC分离中间体5的异构体:仪器:Berger SFC(LVL-L4021Lab);柱:IC 25X 3cm ID,5μm;温度:40℃;流速:85mL/min,流动相:梯度75/25CO2/MeOH持续12min,然后至45%MeOH;检测器波长:235nm;进样体积:1000μL,以得到中间体5A(峰1,>99%ee,分析RT=8.80min)、中间体5B(峰2,>95%ee,分析RT=9.86min)、中间体5C(峰3,>99%ee,分析RT=13.53min)、中间体5D(峰4,>99%ee,分析RT=16.67min)。分析色谱条件:仪器:Agilent SFC(LVL-L4021Lab);柱:IC 250X 4.6mm ID,5μm;温度:环境温度;流速:2.0mL/min;流动相:梯度75/25CO2/MeOH 12min,然后至45%MeOH。峰-1-4的分析数据:1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ8.07(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.82(dd,J=8.7,2.1Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.21(ddd,J=9.2,6.2,2.5Hz,1H),4.27(m,1H),4.24(td,J=9.4,4.0Hz,1H),3.94(s,3H),2.16(m,1H),2.05(m,1H),2.00(m,1H),1.99(m,1H)。13C NMR(151MHz,CD3OD)δ169.5,161.6,160.0,133.2,131.4,122.6(2C),113.9,87.3,72.7,56.8,51.5,44.1,40.3。
中间体6:(S)-5'-(1-((环丁基氨基甲酰基)氧基)-2,2,2-三氟乙基)-2'-氟-4-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸
中间体6A-1-(3-溴-4-氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙-1-醇的制备。将3-溴-4-氟苯甲醛(0.2g,1.2mmol)溶解在DMF(3.5mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加(三氟甲基)三甲基硅烷(0.30mL,2.3mmol)和K2CO3(8.0mg,58μmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌60min,并且添加HCl(2N,3mL)。在室温下再搅拌1小时后,将反应混合物用EtOAc(15mL)稀释,并且将溶液用饱和NH4Cl(25mL)洗涤。将水相用EtOAc(2x 10mL)萃取,干燥(Na2SO4),在减压下浓缩,并且将残余物通过硅胶色谱法纯化,以产生中间体6A(0.2g,0.8mmol,产率65%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74(dd,J=6.5,2.1Hz,1H),7.43(ddd,J=8.4,4.8,2.2Hz,1H),7.19(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.11-4.98(m,1H),2.69(d,J=4.4Hz,1H)。
中间体6B-(S)-1-(3-溴-4-氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙-1-醇的制备。将(S)-2-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并[d]咪唑并[2,1-b]噻唑(0.4g,1.6mmol)和中间体6A(11g,40mmol)溶解在二异丙醚(134mL)中,并且在0℃至-20℃之间冷却。然后将溶液用异丁基酸酐(4ml,24mmol)处理,并且转移至冷冻器(在-20℃)中18h。将反应用MeOH(1mL)和磷酸盐缓冲液淬灭,并且将所得溶液用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取,将有机萃取物干燥(MgSO4),在减压下浓缩为残余物,将所述残余物经由正相色谱法使用己烷/EtOAc作为洗脱液纯化,以得到中间体6B(5.0g,18mmol,产率44%,>99%ee)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74(dd,J=6.3,1.9Hz,1H),7.50-7.39(m,1H),7.18(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.71-5.53(m,1H),5.03(q,J=6.5Hz,1H)。
中间体6C-(S)-1-(3-溴-4-氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙基环丁基氨基甲酸酯的制备。将中间体6B(0.30g,1.1mmol)、吡啶(0.40mL,5.5mmol)和DMAP(13mg,0.10mmol)溶解在DCM(20mL)中,并且添加4-硝基苯基氯甲酸酯(1.0g,5.5mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌1h,随后添加环丁胺(0.78g,11mmol)。在2h后,将反应混合物在减压下浓缩,并且将残余物通过正相色谱法使用己烷/EtOAc作为洗脱液纯化,以得到呈白色固体的中间体6C(0.35g,0.90mmol,产率85%)。LCMS(ESI)m/z 369.7-371.7(M+H)+。
中间体6-(S)-5'-(1-((环丁基氨基甲酰基)氧基)-2,2,2-三氟乙基)-2'-氟-4-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸的制备。向密封小瓶中添加中间体6C(0.3g,0.8mmol)、5-硼-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(0.2g,1mmol)、PdCl2(dppf)-DCM(98mg,0.12mmol)、Na2CO3(0.3g,3.2mmol)、THF(12mL)和H2O(2.9mL)。将反应混合物通过N2鼓泡10min来脱气,密封,并且在65℃下搅拌3h。在冷却至室温后,将反应用HCl(1N)淬灭,并且用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取。将合并的有机萃取物干燥(Na2SO4),在减压下浓缩,并且通过反相色谱法纯化,以得到中间体6(72mg,0.16mmol,产率20%)。LCMS(ESI)m/z 442.0(M+H)+。
中间体8:5'-(2-(叔丁氧基)-1-羟基-2-氧代乙基)-2'-氟-4-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸
中间体8A:采用类似底物的已知条件(Ludwig,J.;Lehr,M.Syn.Comm.2004,34,3691-3695)来制备中间体8A,不同之处在于反应温度维持在80℃下持续12h。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.49(dd,J=6.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.20(ddd,J=8.3,4.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.13-7.03(m,1H),3.49(s,2H),1.46(s,9H)。
中间体8B:向装有中间体8A(266mg,0.920mmol)的20mL反应小瓶中添加NBS(196mg,1.10mmol)、四氯化碳(10mL)和AIBN(15mg,0.090mmol)。将溶液在77℃下搅拌3h,允许冷却至室温,在减压下浓缩,并且通过正相硅胶色谱法纯化,以得到中间体8B(308mg,0.840mmol,产率91.0%)。
中间体8C:向装有中间体8B的2打兰小瓶中添加乙酸乙酯(2mL)、三乙胺(0.27mL,2.0mmol)和乙酸(0.1mL,2mmol)。将反应混合物在80℃下搅拌12h。将反应混合物在减压下浓缩,并且通过正相硅胶色谱法纯化,以得到中间体8C。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.70(dd,J=6.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.41(ddd,J=8.4,4.7,2.1Hz,1H),7.15(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.77(s,1H),2.22(s,3H),1.43(s,9H)。
中间体8:向含有中间体8C(51mg,0.15mmol)的反应容器中添加5-硼-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(37mg,0.19mmol)、PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2加合物(24mg,0.030mmol)和Na2CO3(93mg,0.88mmol)。将反应混合物通过氮气鼓泡3min来脱气,密封,并且在65℃下搅拌2h。在允许冷却至23℃后,将反应混合物用EtOAc萃取。将有机相经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,在减压下浓缩,并且经由硅胶色谱法纯化,以产生中间体8。一半的材料作为O-乙酸盐(85mg,0.60mmol,34%)分离;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43-8.36(m,1H),7.81(dt,J=8.7,2.0Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=7.3,2.3Hz,1H),7.45(ddd,J=8.5,4.6,2.3Hz,1H),7.23-7.16(m,2H),5.84(s,1H),4.17(s,3H),2.23(s,3H),1.45(s,9H),而另一半的材料作为游离醇(70mg,0.19mmol,31%)分离;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.82(dt,J=8.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.54(dd,J=7.4,2.5Hz,1H),7.41(ddd,J=8.4,4.8,2.2Hz,1H),7.19-7.14(m,2H),5.09(s,1H),4.16(s,3H),1.47(s,9H)。使用手性SFC将外消旋中间体8分离成单独的对映异构体。制备色谱条件:仪器:Berger MG II;柱:Chiralpak ID,21x 250mm,5微米;流动相:25% IPA/75%CO2;流动条件:45mL/min,120巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm;进样细节:8次进样,每次0.36mL,约20mg/mL,在IPA中。分析色谱条件:仪器:Waters UPC2分析SFC;柱:Chiralpak ID4.6x 100mm,3微米;流动相:25% IPA/75% CO2;流动条件:2mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm。峰1,RT=3.89min,>99.5%ee;峰2,RT=5.44min,>99.5%ee。收集中间体8-2作为峰#2(产率31%)
中间体9:5-(5-(羟甲基)-4,5-二氢异噁唑-3-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸
中间体9A:(E)-5-((羟基亚氨基)甲基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备。将可商购的5-甲酰基-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(1.16g,5.97mmol)溶解在CH2Cl2(5mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加羟胺HCl(415mg,5.97mmol),随后添加Et3N(1mL),并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌18h。添加水(100mL),并且将溶液用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取,将合并的有机部分干燥(MgSO4),过滤,并且在减压下蒸发,以产生中间体9A(1.2g,产率95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.13(s,1H),8.03(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.78-7.67(m,1H),7.03(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.97(s,3H),3.93(s,3H)。MS(ESI)m/z=210.1(M+H)+。
中间体9B:5-(5-(羟甲基)-4,5-二氢异噁唑-3-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备。将中间体9A(55mg,0.26mmol)溶解在DMF(2mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加NCS(35mg,0.26mmol),并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌4小时。添加水(10mL),并且将溶液用EtOAc(2x25mL)萃取,将合并的有机部分干燥(MgSO4),过滤,在减压下浓缩,并且将残余物立即再溶解于DCM(5mL)中。将烯丙醇(61mg,1.1mmol)添加至溶液中,随后添加TEA(0.5mL),并且将所得反应混合物在室温下搅拌18小时。添加水(20mL),并且将溶液用EtOAc(2x 20mL)萃取,将合并的有机部分干燥(MgSO4),过滤,并且通过正相色谱法用己烷/EtOAc洗脱纯化,以产生中间体9B(58mg,产率85%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.89(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),4.90(dddd,J=10.8,7.7,4.6,3.2Hz,1H),4.08-3.85(ss,6H),3.81-3.68(m,1H),3.46-3.36(m,1H),1.89(br t,J=6.2Hz,1H),1.57(s,2H)。MS(ESI)m/z=266.1(M+H)+。
中间体9C:将中间体9B(58mg,0.22mmol)溶解在THF(2mL)中,并且向此溶液中添加LiOH(6.3g,0.26mmol),随后添加水(2mL)和甲醇(1mL),并且在室温下搅拌4h。将HCl(1N)添加至反应混合物中,以达到pH 7,并且将所得溶液用EtOAc(2x 25mL)萃取。将合并的有机部分干燥(MgSO4),过滤,并且在减压下浓缩,以得到中间体9C(640mg,产率84%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.28(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.14(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),7.28-7.14(m,1H),4.92(dddd,J=10.8,7.7,4.6,3.1Hz,1H),4.16(s,3H),4.09-3.89(m,1H),3.72(dd,J=12.4,4.6Hz,1H),3.48-3.39(m,1H),3.38-3.29(m,1H),1.94-1.72(m,1H),1.60(br s,1H)。MS(ESI)m/z=252.3(M+H)+。
中间体9D和9.根据以下制备方法使中间体9C(640mg)经历手性SFC分离:仪器:Berger MG II,柱:Chiralpak IC,21x 250mm,5微米;流动相:20%甲醇/80% CO2;流动条件:2mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm;进样细节:0.7mL,约35mg/mL,在MeOH中,以得到中间体9C(峰1,>99%de,分析RT=5.6min)和中间体9(峰2,99%de,分析RT=6.6min),分析色谱条件:仪器:Shimadzu Nexera SFC(CTR-L410-SFC3);柱:Chiralpak IC,4.6x100mm,3微米;流动相:20%甲醇/80% CO2;流动条件:2.0mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm;进样细节:5μL,约1mg/mL,在MeOH中。
实施例1-6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸,
实施例1-(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-(((2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧基)羰基)氨基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酸甲酯的制备
将中间体1(450mg,1.56mmol)溶解在250mL圆底压力烧瓶中的EtOAc(30mL)中,并且将溶液通过氮气鼓泡脱气5分钟。然后在温和的氮气流下添加Pd-C(166mg,0.156mmol)。然后将烧瓶经由真空/氮气回填三次和真空/氢气回填两次进行脱气。将烧瓶用40psi氢气加压,并且在室温下搅拌3小时。在减压并且用氮气回填后,将反应混合物通过塞过滤,并且将滤液在真空中浓缩,以产生呈澄清无色油状物的(1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-(甲氧基羰基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酸(300mg,1.5mmol,产率97%),将其不经进一步纯化即使用。MS(ESI)m/z 199.1[M+H]+。
将产生的(1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-(甲氧基羰基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酸溶解在配备有特氟龙隔膜盖的20mL小瓶中的甲苯(3mL)中,并且添加Et3N(420μl,3.03mmol)和DPPA(391μl,1.81mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟,此时开始剧烈的氮气逸出。在60℃下继续搅拌,直到气体逸出停止。然后添加2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙-1-醇(870μl,6.05mmol),并且将混合物在80℃下加热26小时。允许将混合物冷却至室温,并且在真空中浓缩至干。将残余物加载到40g Isco柱上,并且经18分钟用0%至100%在己烷中的EtOAc的线性梯度洗脱,用ELSD检测。将(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-(((2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧基)羰基)氨基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酸甲酯(400mg,1.3mmol,产率84%)分离为呈澄清无色油状物的外消旋体。MS(ESI)m/z 314.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ5.68-5.39(m,1H),4.13(br s,2H),4.06-3.94(m,1H),3.69(s,3H),3.00-2.90(m,1H),2.89-2.78(m,1H),2.77-2.63(m,1H),1.78(br d,J=9.0Hz,3H),1.69-1.40(m,3H),0.97(br s,2H),0.04(s,9H)。
实施例1-2-2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙基((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酸酯的制备
将实施例1-1溶解在20mL小瓶中的乙腈(3.8mL)、水(0.12mL)和Et3N(0.53mL,3.8mmol)的混合物中。添加LiBr(1.10g,12.8mmol),并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌18小时。然后将反应混合物用EtOAc(50mL)和水(50mL)稀释,然后将水层分离,并且用1N HCl酸化,并且用EtOAc反萃取。将有机层分离,在真空中浓缩为褐色粉末,并且将2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙基((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酸酯不经进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。MS(ESI)m/z 300.0[M+H]+。将2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙基((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酸酯(240mg,0.80mmol)、4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯胺(144mg,0.800mmol)和Et3N(0.22mL,1.60mmol)溶解在DMF(2mL)中。添加BOP(390mg,0.88mmol),并且将反应混合物在65℃下搅拌两小时。允许将反应混合物冷却至室温,并且用水(25mL)稀释。将形成的沉淀物过滤,并且在真空中干燥,以产生实施例1-2,分离出呈褐色固体的2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙基((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酸酯(460mg,产率65%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.86-7.78(m,1H),7.75-7.65(m,2H),7.15(t,J=9.3Hz,1H),5.26-5.15(m,1H),4.13-4.05(m,1H),4.02-3.91(m,2H),3.26-3.17(m,1H),2.97-2.89(m,1H),2.65-2.56(m,1H),1.98-1.87(m,1H),1.83-1.72(m,2H),1.68-1.63(m,3H),1.59-1.49(m,1H),0.87-0.71(m,2H),-0.02(s,9H)。
实施例1-3-P(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-氨基-N-(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酰胺盐酸盐的制备
将实施例1-2(57mg,0.12mmol)溶解在二噁烷(6mL)中,并且添加作为二噁烷中的4M溶液的HCl(0.25ml,1.0mmol)。将澄清溶液搅拌1小时,然后在减压下浓缩至干。分理出呈棕色固体的外消旋实施例1C,(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-氨基-N-(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酰胺盐酸盐(44mg,100%)。MS(ESI)m/z 317.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.13(dd,J=6.4,2.6Hz,1H),7.86-7.79(m,1H),7.32(t,J=9.6Hz,1H),3.52(dd,J=7.8,4.4Hz,1H),3.11-3.00(m,2H),2.98-2.89(m,1H),2.04-1.93(m,1H),1.92-1.79(m,3H),1.76-1.58(m,2H)。
实施例1-4-(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺基)-N-(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酰胺。
将实施例1-3(100mg,0.232mmol)、5-溴-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(54mg,0.23mmol)、Et3N(0.032mL,0.23mmol)和之后的HATU(88mg,0.23mmol)溶解在20mL小瓶中的DMF(2mL)中,并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。将反应混合物在减压下浓缩至干,并且将残余物通过制备型HPLC用以下条件纯化:柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含10mM乙酸铵);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含10mM乙酸铵);梯度:在44% B下保持0分钟,经20分钟44%-84% B,然后在100%B下保持10分钟;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25℃。通过MS和UV信号触发级分收集。将含有所需产物的级分合并,并且经由离心蒸发干燥。分离出呈白色粉末的实施例1-1,即外消旋的(1R,5S,6R,7S)-7-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺基)-N-(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酰胺(118mg,96%)。MS(ESI)m/z 529.0[M+H]+。MS(ESI)m/z 531.1[M+3]+。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.26(s,1H),8.88(br d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.25-8.13(m,1H),7.79-7.66(m,1H),7.62-7.49(m,2H),7.44(t,J=9.7Hz,1H),7.06(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.29(td,J=8.5,5.1Hz,1H),3.85-3.69(m,3H),3.07(br dd,J=8.7,4.1Hz,1H),3.01-2.92(m,1H),2.73(br d,J=5.1Hz,1H),1.94-1.76(m,2H),1.75-1.62(m,2H),1.60-1.38(m,2H)。
实施例1-6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸。
将实施例1-4(54mg,0.10mmol)和3-硼-4-氟苯甲酸(19mg,0.10mmol)溶解在配备有隔膜密封盖的20mL小瓶中的DMF(2mL)中。将3M水性K3PO4(0.10mL,0.30mmol)添加至溶液中,并且将反应混合物经由真空和氮气回填3次进行脱气。在温和的氮气流下添加XPhos PdG2(8mg,10.2μmol),并且将反应混合物在75℃下搅拌30分钟。然后将反应混合物在减压下浓缩至干,并且将残余物通过制备型HPLC用以下条件纯化:柱:XBridge C18,200mm x19mm,5μm
颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);梯度:在42% B下保持0分钟,经20分钟42%-82% B,然后在100%B下保持4分钟;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25℃。通过MS信号触发级分收集,以产生6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-甲酸(4.3mg,7%),将其以97.1%纯度分离(方法A,保留时间:1.78min)。MS(ESI)m/z 589.3[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.90(br d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.12(br d,J=3.2Hz,1H),8.02-7.90(m,2H),7.73(br s,2H),7.64(br d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.39(br t,J=9.3Hz,1H),7.34(br t,J=9.7Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.39-4.26(m,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.08(br dd,J=8.9,4.2Hz,1H),3.02-2.93(m,1H),2.79-2.71(m,1H),1.95-1.76(m,2H),1.73(br dd,J=12.2,5.5Hz,1H),1.66(br dd,J=12.5,5.7Hz,1H),1.60-1.42(m,2H)。
实施例2:(1R,5S,6R,7S)-N-(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-7-(5-(3-羟丙-1-炔-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺基)双环[3.2.0]庚烷-6-甲酰胺。
实施例2-使用针对实施例1-4所述的通用程序,通过将实施例1-3(100mg,0.32mmol)与5-(3-羟丙-1-炔-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(65mg,0.32mmol)偶联来制备实施例2。以95%纯度分离出实施例2(153mg,96%)。
实施例7-2-(6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-基)-2-((苯基氨基甲酰基)氧基)乙酸的制备
实施例7-1-2-(6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-基)-2-羟基乙酸叔丁酯的制备
使用针对实施例1-4的制备所述的通用偶联程序,用5-溴-2-甲氧基苯甲酸取代中间体8-2(43mg,0.11mmol)来制备实施例7-1,以产生2-(6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-基)-2-羟基乙酸叔丁酯(61mg,产率80%)。MS(ESI)m/z 589.3[M+H]+
实施例7-2-将2-(6-氟-3'-(((1S,5R,6S,7R)-7-((4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)氨基甲酰基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-4'-甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯基]-3-基)-2-羟基乙酸叔丁酯(60mg,0.089mmol)和吡啶(0.072mL,0.89mmol)溶解在2打兰小瓶中的CH2Cl2(4mL)中,随后添加异氰酸苯酯(0.10mL,0.89mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌19小时。将反应混合物加载到40g Isco柱上,并且用0%至100%在己烷中的EtOAc的线性梯度洗脱。MS(ESI)m/z 794.3(M+H)+。
实施例7-将实施例7-2溶解在CH2Cl2(4mL)和TFA(1mL)中。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下浓缩至干后,将残余物经由制备型LC/MS用以下条件纯化:柱:XBridgeC18,200mm x 19mm,5μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(含0.1%三氟乙酸);梯度:在45% B下保持0分钟,经20分钟45%-85% B,然后在100% B下保持4分钟;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25℃。通过MS和UV信号触发级分收集。
使用以下条件通过手性SFC分离所得非对映异构体的混合物:柱:Chiral OD,30x250mm,5微米颗粒;流动相:75% CO2/25% MeOH(含0.1% DEA);流动条件:100mL/min
检测器波长:220nm;进样细节:1,500μL 4.4mg溶解在3mL MeOH中。
峰1在25.7分钟时洗脱
峰2(实施例7)在31.4分钟时洗脱
在纯化后使用以下分析条件分析峰的对映异构体纯度:柱:Chiral OD,4.6x100mm,5微米;流动相:75% CO2/25% MeOH(含0.1% DEA);流动条件:2.0mL/min,150巴,40℃;检测器波长:220nm,进样细节:10μL,约1mg/mL,在MeOH中。
峰1(>95%ee)是实施例7的非对映异构体。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.30(s,1H),9.87(br s,1H),8.97(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.17(dd,J=6.6,2.3Hz,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.80-7.71(m,1H),7.61(br t,J=9.9Hz,2H),7.53(br dd,J=5.0,2.6Hz,1H),7.48(br d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=9.8Hz,1H),7.35-7.26(m,3H),7.23(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.01(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.85(s,1H),4.41-4.34(m,1H),3.87(s,2H),3.14-3.07(m,1H),3.03-2.93(m,1H),2.78-2.71(m,1H),1.92-1.79(m,2H),1.75(br dd,J=12.4,5.3Hz,1H),1.69(brdd,J=12.7,6.0Hz,1H),1.61-1.53(m,1H),1.53-1.45(m,1H)
峰2(>95%ee)是实施例7。MS(ESI)m/z 738.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.30(s,1H),9.94-9.78(m,1H),8.96(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.17(dd,J=6.4,2.4Hz,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.79-7.71(m,1H),7.66-7.57(m,2H),7.56-7.51(m,1H),7.48(br d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.42-7.35(m,1H),7.34-7.26(m,3H),7.26-7.20(m,1H),7.06-6.97(m,1H),5.85(s,1H),4.41-4.32(m,1H),3.87(s,2H),3.14-3.06(m,1H),3.01-2.92(m,1H),2.79-2.70(m,1H),1.93-1.78(m,2H),1.79-1.71(m,1H),1.72-1.64(m,1H),1.62-1.53(m,1H),1.53-1.44(m,1H),1.28-1.20(m,1H)。
通过针对实施例1和7所述的通用程序制备下表1中的实施例2、3和5。
对于本领域技术人员来说将清楚的是,本公开文本并不限于前述说明性实施例,并且本公开文本可以在不背离本公开文本的基本属性的情况下体现为其他具体形式。因此,希望所述实施例在所有方面均被视为说明性的而非限制性的,参考所附的权利要求而不是前述实施例,并且因此落入权利要求的等同内容的含义和范围内的所有变化均旨在包含在其中。
Claims (11)
1.一种式(I)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
---是任选的键;
R1是H或卤代基;或R1和R1一起形成苯基环;
R2是卤代基、C1-4烷基、OH、或者被0-4个卤代基、OH或-OC1-4烷基取代的-OC1-4烷基;
R4a是卤代基;
R4b是被0-4个卤代基取代的C1-4烷基;
R5是被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-8烯基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-8炔基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C6-12芳基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR10的杂原子并且被0-3个R6和0-1个R7取代的3至12元杂环基;其中所述杂环基通过碳或氮原子键合至苯基部分;
R6是卤代基、=O、-OH、-OC1-4烷基、或者被0-2个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-3烷基、-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaC(=O)NRaRa、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、-C(=O)NRaS(=O)pRc、-OC(=O)Rb、-S(=O)pRc、-S(=O)pNRaRa、C3-6环烷基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NRd的杂原子并且被0-5个Re取代的4至6元杂环基;
R8是卤代基、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、-C(=O)NHORb、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-NRaS(O)pNRaRa、
-OC(=O)NRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaORb、-S(=O)pNRaRa或-S(O)pRc;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-4烷基、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、被0-5个Re取代的C3-6环烷基、或者包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR12的杂原子并且被0-5个Re取代的4至6元杂环基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;
R12是H、C1-3烷基或芳基;
Ra是H、被0-5个Re取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6炔基、被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;或Ra和Ra与它们二者所附接的氮原子一起形成被0-5个Re取代的杂环基;
Rb是H、被0-5个Re取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-6炔基、被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-5个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;
Rc是被0-5个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-5个Re取代的C2-5炔基、C3-6碳环基或杂环基;
Rd是H或C1-4烷基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O、被0-5个Rg取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6炔基、-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n-芳基、-(CH2)n-杂环基、-(CH2)nORf或-C(=O)ORf;
Rf是H或C1-3烷基;
Rg是卤代基、CN、OH、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基或芳基;
n是零、1、2或3;并且
p是零、1或2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,所述化合物具有式(II):
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是被0-4个卤代基取代的-OC1-4烷基;
R4a是卤代基;
R4b是被0-4个F取代的C1-3烷基;
R5是被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C2-6炔基、被0-3个R6和0-2个R7取代的C6芳基、或包含1-4个选自O、S(=O)p、N和NR10的杂原子并且被0-3个R6和0-1个R7取代的3至12元杂环基;
R6是卤代基、CN、C1-3烷基、-OH或-OC1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基、ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)NRaRa、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NRaRa、-C(=O)NRaS(=O)pRc、-OC(=O)Rb、-S(=O)pRc或-S(=O)pNRaRa;
R8是卤代基、-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、-C(=O)NHORb、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaS(=O)pRc、-NRaS(O)pNRaRa、
-OC(=O)NRaRa、-OC(=O)NRaORb、-S(=O)pNRaRa或-S(O)pRc;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-4烷基、-C(=O)Rb、-C(=O)ORb或-C(=O)NRaRa;
Ra是H、被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;或Ra和Ra与它们二者所附接的氮原子一起形成被0-4个Re取代的杂环基;
Rb是H、被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-10碳环基、或被0-4个Re取代的-(CH2)n-杂环基;
Rc是被0-4个Re取代的C1-5烷基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5烯基、被0-4个Re取代的C2-5炔基、C3-6碳环基或杂环基;
Rd是H或C1-2烷基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O、被0-5个Rg取代的C1-6烷基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6烯基、被0-5个Rg取代的C2-6炔基、-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n-芳基、-(CH2)n-杂环基、-(CH2)nORf或-C(=O)ORf;
Rf是H或C1-3烷基;
Rg是卤代基、CN、OH、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
n是零、1、2或3;并且
p是零、1或2。
3.根据权利要求2所述的化合物,所述化合物具有式(III):
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OC1-3烷基;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R6是卤代基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基、-C(=O)ORb或-C(=O)NRaRa;
R8是-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa、或者被0-3个卤代基或OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R9是-ORb、-NRaRa、-NRaC(=O)Rb或-OC(=O)NRaRa;
Ra是H、被0-3个Re取代的C1-4烷基、被0-3个Re取代的-(CH2)n-C3-6环烷基、或被0-3个Re取代的苯基;
Rb是H或被0-3个Re取代的杂环基;
Re是卤代基、CN、=O或C1-6烷基;并且
n是零或1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是
R6是卤代基、-OH或被0-1个OH取代的C1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-2烷基;
R8是-C(=O)ORb、-C(=O)NHRa或-C(=O)NHORb;
R9是-ORb或-NRaRa;
R10是H、-C(=O)Rb或被0-1个R11取代的C1-4烷基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;
Ra是H或C13烷基;并且
Rb是H或C1-3烷基。
5.根据权利要求2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是
R6是卤代基、C1-4烷基、-OH或-OC1-4烷基;
R7是被0-1个R8和0-1个R9取代的C1-4烷基;
R8是-C(=O)ORb;
R9是OH;
R10是H、被0-2个R11取代的C1-3烷基或-C(=O)OC1-4烷基;
R11是-OH、-C(=O)OH或芳基;并且
Rb是H或C1-3烷基。
6.根据权利要求2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R2是-OCH3;
R4a是F;
R4b是CF3;
R5是被0-1个R7取代的C2-5炔基;
R7是-ORb;
Rb是H、C1-3烷基或被0-2个Re取代的苯基;
Re是卤代基、C1-3烷基或C(=O)ORf;并且
Rf是H或C1-3烷基。
7.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含根据权利要求1所述的化合物以及药学上可接受的载体。
8.一种用于治疗与松弛素相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求7所述的组合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述疾病选自心绞痛、不稳定型心绞痛、心肌梗死、心力衰竭、急性冠状动脉疾病、急性心力衰竭、慢性心力衰竭和心脏医源性损害。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述疾病是心力衰竭。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述疾病是纤维化。
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