CN118423709A - Combustion chamber adopting ceramic-based heat shield and aeroengine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion chamber and an aeroengine adopting a ceramic-based heat shield, wherein the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield comprises a casing, a diffuser, a flame tube and a turbine guide, the flame tube comprises a head, an outer ring, an inner ring and a bent tube, a plurality of first mounting holes are uniformly formed in the head along the circumferential direction, a heat shield assembly which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first mounting holes is also arranged on the head, the heat shield assembly comprises a heat shield and a fixed seat, the fixed seat stretches into the first mounting holes and is fixedly connected with the head, the fixed seat is in clearance fit with the heat shield, the fixed seat is used for mounting the heat shield on the head, and enables the heat shield to be limited relative to the head along the axial direction and limited relative to the head along the circumferential direction, ribs for supporting the heat shield are formed on the head so that the heat shield and the head are arranged at intervals, the head and the fixed seat are all made of metal-based materials, and the heat shield is made of the ceramic-based materials.

Description

Combustion chamber adopting ceramic-based heat shield and aeroengine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, in particular to a combustion chamber adopting a ceramic-based heat shield, and in addition, the invention also relates to an aeroengine comprising the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield.

Background

With the development of engine technology, the working temperature of the flame tube of the combustion chamber is gradually increased, and the temperature resistance of the flame tube material is further improved on the basis of meeting the requirements of light weight, high reliability, long service life and the like. The ceramic matrix composite material is adopted to replace the traditional high-temperature alloy material, so that the ceramic matrix composite material is the best way for improving the temperature resistance of the engine combustion chamber component and the engine efficiency.

At present, the flame tube head of the high-temperature rising and high-power-weight ratio combustion chamber is often designed into a double-layer wall structure due to high temperature, and the outer wall is generally a whole-ring revolving body structure, namely the flame tube head; the inner wall is fan-shaped structure, i.e. the heat shield, and the heat shield mainly plays roles of heat insulation and flow guide, and meanwhile, the wall temperature of the head part of the flame tube can be reduced, and the service life of the flame tube is prolonged. The flame tube head and the heat shield of the existing design mainly have two material schemes: firstly, the flame tube head and the heat shield are both made of metal-based materials, secondly, the flame tube head is made of ceramic-based composite materials, and the heat shield is made of metal-based materials. However, the wall temperature of the heat shield is always higher than that of the head of the flame tube, and materials with better temperature resistance are needed, so that the temperature resistance of the whole flame tube is not actually improved by the current design.

The heat shield adopts metal material to restrict the promotion of flame tube head wall temperature resistance to influenced the holistic temperature resistant level of flame tube, because there is huge difference in ceramic matrix combined material and metal material's thermal expansion performance, and can't connect through traditional welding mode between ceramic matrix and the metal matrix, and the riveting mode is very strict to the technological requirement of ceramic matrix part preparation, it is more difficult to realize, make current structural scheme be difficult to realize ceramic matrix combined material heat shield and the location and the connection of metal matrix flame tube head, lead to the heat-resisting ability of combustor flame tube head to be difficult to improve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a combustion chamber adopting a ceramic-based heat shield, which aims to solve the technical problems of how to improve the temperature resistance of the head of a flame tube and improve the use requirements of the flame tube in a high-temperature-rise and high-power-weight-ratio combustion chamber.

The invention also provides an aeroengine, which adopts the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield.

According to one aspect of the invention, a combustion chamber adopting a ceramic-based heat shield is provided, the combustion chamber comprises a casing, a diffuser arranged at an inlet of the casing, a flame tube arranged in the casing and a turbine guide connected with the flame tube, the flame tube comprises a head, an outer ring, an inner ring and a bent tube, a plurality of first mounting holes are uniformly formed in the head along the circumferential direction, a heat shield assembly which is arranged corresponding to the first mounting holes one by one is further arranged on the head, the heat shield assembly comprises a heat shield and a fixing seat, the fixing seat stretches into the first mounting holes and is fixedly connected with the head, the fixing seat is in clearance fit with the heat shield, the fixing seat is used for mounting the heat shield on the head and enables the heat shield to be limited axially and circumferentially relative to the head, ribs which are arranged at intervals relative to the fixing seat are arranged on the head and are used for supporting the heat shield to enable the heat shield to be arranged at intervals with the head, a clearance between two adjacent heat shields is arranged, the heat shield and the head is made of a metal-based composite material.

Further, a second mounting hole is formed in the heat shield, a mounting conical surface inclined towards the second mounting hole is arranged on the heat shield, the fixing seat comprises a mounting ring in clearance fit with the second mounting hole and a baffle ring connected with the mounting ring, the mounting ring penetrates through the second mounting hole and stretches into the first mounting hole to be fixed in a matched mode with the head, an outer conical surface is formed in the baffle ring and used for being matched with the mounting conical surface so that the heat shield is limited relative to the head along the axial direction.

Further, an anti-rotation groove extending along the axial direction of the second mounting hole is formed in the mounting conical surface, an anti-rotation lug is arranged on the fixing seat and is in clearance fit with the anti-rotation groove, the heat shield is enabled to be limited relative to the head in the circumferential direction, and the anti-rotation lug is arranged with the head clearance.

Further, the head, the ribs, the heat shield and the fixing seat enclose to form an impact cavity, a plurality of impact holes communicated with the impact cavity are formed in the head, and the impact holes are used for introducing cold air into the impact cavity so as to cool the heat shield towards one side of the head through the cold air.

Further, a plurality of ventilation grooves are formed in the ribs, and the ventilation grooves are used for guiding cold air in the impact cavity into the flame tube so as to cool one side, away from the head, of the heat shield through the cold air.

Further, the groove wall of the ventilation groove is obliquely arranged, and the ventilation groove is inclined from the direction towards the heat shield in the direction of the impact cavity towards the interior of the flame tube.

Further, a plurality of ventilation slits are formed in the outer conical surface at intervals, and the ventilation slits are used for guiding cold air in the impact cavity into the flame tube so as to cool one side, away from the head, of the heat shield through the cold air.

Further, a bending part is formed on the heat shield, and the bending part is used for forming a diversion channel with the head part, wherein the diversion channel is used for guiding cold air to flow to the outer ring.

Further, a third mounting hole is formed in the fixing base, a swirler is arranged in the third mounting hole, a nozzle for injecting fuel into the flame tube is arranged on the swirler, and the swirler is used for atomizing the injected fuel.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided an aircraft engine comprising a combustion chamber as described above employing a ceramic-based heat shield.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield, the ceramic-based heat shield is connected with the head of the metal-based flame tube through the metal-based fixing seat, wherein the fixing seat is used for mounting the heat shield on the head, the heat shield is axially positioned relative to the head under the cooperation of the ribs, and the fixing seat can also be used for preventing the heat shield from rotating so as to limit the heat shield relative to the circumference of the head; because the heat shield is arranged in the gap between the heat shield and the fixing seat during installation, the heat shield has a certain movable space in the circumferential direction and the radial direction through the accurate design of the gap, the problems of interference and overlarge local stress caused after the thermal expansion coefficients of the metal base and the ceramic base are inconsistent in a thermal state can be solved, and then the ceramic base heat shield can be applied to the flame tube.

In summary, the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield provides a positioning and connecting structure of the ceramic-based composite heat shield and the metal-based flame tube head, the ceramic-based heat shield is axially and circumferentially positioned by adopting the fixing seat, and the fixing seat and the heat shield are in clearance fit, so that a certain thermal expansion space is ensured in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, and further, the ceramic-based composite heat shield and the metal-based flame tube head can be stably positioned and connected under the high-temperature environment after the influence of great difference of thermal expansion performance of the ceramic-based composite and the metal material is eliminated, so that the ceramic-based heat shield can be applied to the flame tube. Can meet the use requirement of a higher temperature rise combustion chamber.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber employing a ceramic-based heat shield in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a heat shield installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat shield in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing base according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the head of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the heat shield and head assembly configuration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Legend description:

1. A diffuser;

2. a casing;

3. a flame tube; 31. a swirler; 32. a head; 321. a first mounting hole; 322. a rib; 323. an impingement hole; 324. a vent groove; 325. an impingement cavity;

33. A heat shield; 331. installing a conical surface; 332. an anti-rotation groove; 333. a second mounting hole;

34. A fixing seat; 341. a third mounting hole; 342. ventilation slits; 343. anti-rotation bumps; 344. an outer conical surface; 345. a mounting ring; 346. a baffle ring; 347. a bending part;

35. an outer ring; 36. an inner ring; 37. bending the pipe;

4. A nozzle; 5. a turbine guide.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the invention can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield 33 provided in this embodiment includes a casing 2, a diffuser 1 disposed at an inlet of the casing 2, a flame tube 3 disposed in the casing 2, and a turbine guide 5 connected with the flame tube 3, the flame tube 3 includes a head 32, an outer ring 35, an inner ring 36, and a bent tube 37, a plurality of first mounting holes 321 are uniformly formed on the head 32 along a circumferential direction, the head 32 is further provided with heat-shielding components disposed corresponding to the first mounting holes 321, the heat-shielding components include a heat shield 33 and a fixing seat 34, the fixing seat 34 extends into the first mounting holes 321 and is fixedly connected with the head 32, the fixing seat 34 is in clearance fit with the heat shield 33, the fixing seat 34 is used for mounting the heat shield 33 on the head 32, and enables the heat shield 33 to be axially limited and circumferentially limited relative to the head 32, the head 32 is provided with a rib 322 disposed at intervals relative to the fixing seat 34, the rib 33 is used for supporting the heat shield 33, and the heat shield 33 is made of a composite material, and the heat shield 33 is disposed between the two adjacent heat shields 32.

In this embodiment, the head 32, the outer ring 35, the inner ring 36 and the elbow 37 are all of a complete ring structure, and form a complete flame tube 3 by enclosing, the ribs 322 arranged on the head 32 are used for supporting the heat shield 33 and forming a certain gap between the heat shield 33 and the body of the head 32, specifically, the heat shield 33 is in a fan-ring shape, the arrangement of the ribs 322 is in a fan-ring shape and is contracted in an equal ratio with the shape of the heat shield 33, so that the ribs 322 can contact with the heat shield 33, and further the heat shield 33 is supported.

Specifically, the ceramic-based heat shield 33 is connected with the head 32 of the metal-based flame tube 3 through the metal-based fixing seat 34, wherein the fixing seat 34 is used for mounting the heat shield 33 on the head 32 and positioning the heat shield 33 relative to the head 32 in the axial direction under the cooperation of the ribs 322, and the fixing seat 34 can also prevent the heat shield 33 from rotating so as to limit the heat shield 33 relative to the head 32 in the circumferential direction; because the gap between the heat shield 33 and the fixing seat 34 is arranged during installation, a certain movable space is reserved in the circumferential direction and the radial direction through the accurate design of the gap, the problems of interference and overlarge local stress caused by inconsistent thermal expansion coefficients of the metal base and the ceramic base in a thermal state can be solved, the ceramic base heat shield 33 can be further applied to the flame tube 3, and the wall temperature of the heat shield 33 is always higher than the wall temperature of the head 32 of the flame tube 3 during actual use, so that the heat resistance of the flame tube 3 after the ceramic base heat shield 33 with better heat resistance is adopted can be obviously improved, and the use requirements of the flame tube 3 in a high temperature rise and a high power-to-weight ratio combustion chamber are improved.

In summary, the combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield 33 of the present invention provides a positioning and connecting structure of the ceramic-based composite heat shield 33 and the metal-based flame tube 3 head 32, the fixing seat 34 is adopted to axially and circumferentially position the ceramic-based heat shield 33, and the fixing seat 34 is in clearance fit with the heat shield 33 so as to ensure a certain thermal expansion space in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, thereby realizing stable positioning and connection of the ceramic-based composite heat shield 33 and the metal-based flame tube 3 head 32 in a high-temperature environment after eliminating the influence of a great difference of thermal expansion performance of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal material, so that the ceramic-based heat shield 33 can be applied to the flame tube 3, and the heat resistance of the flame tube 3 after adopting the ceramic-based heat shield 33 with better heat resistance can be obviously improved due to the fact that the wall temperature of the heat-isolating heat shield 33 is always higher than the wall temperature of the flame tube 3, thereby improving the use requirement of the flame tube 3 in a high-temperature and high-power ratio combustion chamber. Can meet the use requirement of a higher temperature rise combustion chamber.

Further, a second mounting hole 333 is formed in the heat shield 33, a mounting conical surface 331 inclined towards the second mounting hole 333 is provided on the heat shield 33, the fixing seat 34 includes a mounting ring 345 in clearance fit with the second mounting hole 333, and a baffle ring 346 connected with the mounting ring 345, the mounting ring 345 passes through the second mounting hole 333 and extends into the first mounting hole 321 to be matched and fixed with the head 32, an outer conical surface 344 is formed in the baffle ring 346, and the outer conical surface 344 is matched with the mounting conical surface 331 so that the heat shield 33 is limited relative to the head 32 along the axial direction.

In this embodiment, because there is a large difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic base and the metal base, it is necessary to fit the mounting ring 345 and the second mounting hole 333 with a gap, specifically, a certain gap t3 is ensured between the outer diameter of the mounting ring 345 and the second mounting hole 333, the mounting ring 345 is attached to the first mounting hole 321 and fixed on the head 32 by argon arc welding, the outer conical surface 344 provided on the baffle ring 346 is matched with the mounting conical surface 331, so that the heat shield 33 is mounted between the head 32 and the fixing seat 34, and at this time, one side of the heat shield 33 facing the head 32 abuts against the rib 322, so that the heat shield 33 is limited axially relative to the head 32. Adopt outside conical surface 344 and installation conical surface 331 cooperation, the contact surface when increasing the connection on the one hand for the installation is more stable, and the cooperation between the inclined plane on the other hand has the guide effect, can fix a position fast through the inclined plane cooperation when being convenient for between fixing base 34 and the heat exchanger 33, and then improves installation effectiveness. In specific implementation, the included angle between the installation conical surface 331 and the central line thereof is 30-50 °, and the included angle between the corresponding outer conical surface 344 and the installation conical surface 331 is correspondingly set.

Further, the mounting cone 331 is provided with an anti-rotation groove 332 extending along the axial direction of the second mounting hole 333, the fixing seat 34 is provided with an anti-rotation protrusion 343, the anti-rotation protrusion 343 is in clearance fit with the anti-rotation groove 332 and makes the heat shield 33 limit relative to the head 32 along the circumferential direction, and the anti-rotation protrusion 343 is in clearance arrangement with the head 32.

In this embodiment, two anti-rotation grooves 332 with different sizes are circumferentially designed on the heat shield 33, two anti-rotation protrusions 343 with different sizes are designed on the fixing seat 34 to perform circumferential error prevention after being matched, the heat shield 33 is circumferentially limited relative to the head 32 through clearance fit between the anti-rotation protrusions 343 and the anti-rotation grooves 332, and as the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic base is greatly different from that of the metal base, the anti-rotation protrusions 343 maintain a certain radial clearance t2 with the anti-rotation grooves on the heat shield 33 in the radial direction, meanwhile, a clearance t1 needs to exist between the anti-rotation protrusions 343 and the head 32, and the design of the clearance t1 needs to avoid that the heat shield 33 contacts with the rib 322 of the head 32 before the rib 322 in any state.

Further, the head 32, the ribs 322, the heat shield 33, and the fixing base 34 enclose an impact cavity 325, a plurality of impact holes 323 respectively communicating with the impact cavity 325 are formed on the head 32, and the impact holes 323 are used for introducing cold air into the impact cavity 325 to cool the heat shield 33 toward one side of the head 32 through the cold air.

In this embodiment, after the impact cavity 325 is supported by the rib 322, the impact cavity 325 is formed by enclosing the head 32, the rib 322, the heat shield 33 and the fixing base 34, and the thickness of the impact cavity 325 is the distance between the inner plane of the head 32 and the outer plane of the heat shield 33, i.e. the thickness of the rib 322, the distance of the impact cavity 325 is generally ensured to be between 1mm and 5mm, so as to ensure that the impact cavity 325 has enough space to accommodate the cold air entering the impact cavity 325 through the cold air impact hole 323, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the cold air on the heat shield 33. When the distance between the impact cavity 325 is less than 1mm, the accommodating space of the impact cavity 325 is too small, which is not beneficial to the stay cooling of the cold air, so that the cooling effect of the heat shield 33 is reduced, and when the distance between the impact cavity 325 is greater than 5mm, the accommodating space of the impact cavity 325 is too large, which is not beneficial to the rapid filling of the cold air, so that the cooling efficiency of the heat shield 33 is reduced initially, and the heat shield 33 cannot be cooled timely.

Further, the ribs 322 are provided with a plurality of ventilation grooves 324, and the ventilation grooves 324 are used for guiding the cool air in the impact cavity 325 into the flame tube 3 so as to cool the side, away from the head 32, of the heat shield 33 through the cool air.

In this embodiment, the ventilation slots 324 are U-shaped ventilation slots, and a plurality of ventilation slots may be spaced apart on the ribs 322, so that the cooling in the impingement cavity 325 can quickly flow into the flame tube 3 and cool the side of the heat shield 33 facing away from the head 32.

Further, the groove walls of the ventilation groove 324 are inclined, and the ventilation groove 324 is inclined in a direction toward the heat shield 33 in a direction toward the inside of the flame tube 3 of the impingement cavity 325.

In this embodiment, by reasonably designing the cooling structure, the head 32 rib 322 is designed with a plurality of inclined U-shaped ventilation slots 324 with gradually reduced areas, which can ensure that the air film is better close to the wall surface of the ceramic-based heat shield 33, and has good cooling effect, specifically, the inclination angle b of the ventilation slots 324 is 20-40 degrees, the depth L2 is 0.5-1.5 mm, the width is 2-5 mm, and the interval between adjacent slots is 2-4 mm.

Further, a plurality of ventilation slits 342 are spaced apart from the outer conical surface 344, and the ventilation slits 342 are used for guiding the cool air in the impact cavity 325 into the flame tube 3 to cool the side of the heat shield 33 away from the head 32 by the cool air. In the embodiment, by reasonably designing the cooling structure and designing a plurality of inclined U-shaped ventilation grooves 324 with gradually reduced areas on the ribs 322 of the head 32, the air film can be ensured to be better close to the wall surface of the ceramic-based heat shield 33, and a good cooling effect is achieved; meanwhile, the ventilation slits 342 are designed on the metal-based fixing seat 34, so that the air film can be ensured to flow out from the narrower slits, and the air film with better adherence is formed to protect the ceramic-based heat shield 33, so that the temperature resistance of the heat shield 33 is further improved. Specifically, the vent slits 342 have a depth L1 of 0.1 to 0.3mm and a number of 4 to 20.

The invention provides a positioning and connecting structure of a ceramic-based composite material heat shield 33 and a metal-based flame tube 3 head 32, which can axially position the ceramic-based heat shield 33 and ensure that the ceramic-based heat shield has a certain thermal expansion space in the circumferential direction and the radial direction; meanwhile, a reasonable cooling structure is designed, and through the structures of the ventilation grooves 324 and the ventilation slits 342 which are used for impact cooling and fine design, the ceramic-based heat shield 33 can be well protected, the integral temperature resistance of the heat shield 33 and the flame tube 3 is improved, and the use requirement of a higher temperature rise combustion chamber can be met.

Further, a third mounting hole 341 is formed in the fixing seat 34, a swirler 31 is disposed in the third mounting hole 341, a nozzle 4 for injecting fuel into the flame tube 3 is mounted on the swirler 31, and the swirler 31 is used for atomizing the injected fuel.

In this embodiment, there are two connection schemes for the fixing base 34, the swirler 31 and the head 32 of the flame tube 3. One of the connection schemes is as follows: the fixed seat 34 and the swirler 31 are only matched and not connected, and are respectively welded on the head 32 of the flame tube 3, and only the welding positions are inconsistent; another connection scheme is: the fixing seat 34 is connected with the swirler 31 through threads, the swirler 31 is spot-welded on the head 32 of the flame tube 3, and the fixing seat 34 is only matched with the head 32 of the flame tube 3 and is not connected.

In specific implementation, one part of high-temperature and high-pressure air entering from the diffuser 1 passes through two channels between the casing 2 and the flame tube 3 and then enters the flame tube 3, and the other part enters the head 32 of the flame tube 3 from the swirler 31, so that multi-stage swirl air with different swirl directions is formed under the action of swirl channels. The swirling air atomizes the fuel oil sprayed from the nozzle 4 on one hand, and forms a stable backflow area in the main combustion area due to the generation of the central negative pressure on the other hand, so as to be used for stable combustion under different air inlet conditions. The resulting high temperature gas passes through the turbine guide 5 and enters the turbine component.

Further, a bending portion 347 is formed on the heat shield 33, and the bending portion 347 is configured to form a flow guiding channel with the head 32 for guiding the cool air to the outer ring. In this embodiment, a bending portion 347 is formed on the heat shield 33, and the bending portion 347 is used to form a flow guiding channel with the head 32 for guiding the cool air to flow to the outer ring 35, so that the cool air cools the outer ring 35, and thus the cooling effect of the initial section of the outer ring 35 is achieved.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided an aircraft engine comprising a combustion chamber as described above employing a ceramic-based heat shield 33. The engine protects all of the benefits of the combustion chamber described above using the ceramic-based heat shield 33.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A combustion chamber adopting a ceramic-based heat shield, comprising a casing (2), a diffuser (1) arranged at the inlet of the casing (2), a flame tube (3) arranged in the casing (2) and a turbine guide (5) connected with the flame tube (3), wherein the flame tube (3) comprises a head (32), an outer ring (35), an inner ring (36) and a bent pipe (37), and is characterized in that a plurality of first mounting holes (321) are uniformly formed in the head (32) along the circumferential direction, a heat shield assembly which is arranged corresponding to the first mounting holes (321) one by one is further arranged on the head (32), the heat shield assembly comprises a heat shield (33) and a fixing seat (34), the fixing seat (34) extends into the first mounting holes (321) and is fixedly connected with the head (32), the fixing seat (34) is in clearance fit with the heat shield (32), the fixing seat (34) is used for mounting the heat shield (33) on the head (32), and the head (32) is axially opposite to the fixing seat (34), the ribs (322) are used for supporting the heat shields (33) so that the heat shields (33) are arranged at intervals with the heads (32), gaps between two adjacent heat shields (33) are arranged, the heads (32) and the fixing seats (34) are made of metal-based materials, and the heat shields (33) are made of ceramic-based composite materials.

2. The combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 1, wherein a second mounting hole (333) is formed in the heat shield (33), a mounting conical surface (331) inclined towards the second mounting hole (333) is formed in the heat shield (33), the fixing seat (34) comprises a mounting ring (345) in clearance fit with the second mounting hole (333) and a baffle ring (346) connected with the mounting ring (345), the mounting ring (345) penetrates through the second mounting hole (333) and stretches into the first mounting hole (321) to be matched and fixed with the head (32), an outer conical surface (344) is formed in the baffle ring (346), and the outer conical surface (344) is matched with the mounting conical surface (331) so that the heat shield (33) is limited relative to the head (32) along the axial direction.

3. The combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 2, wherein an anti-rotation groove (332) extending along the axial direction of the second mounting hole (333) is formed in the mounting conical surface (331), an anti-rotation protrusion (343) is formed in the fixing seat (34), the anti-rotation protrusion (343) is in clearance fit with the anti-rotation groove (332) and enables the heat shield (33) to limit relative to the head (32) along the circumferential direction, and the anti-rotation protrusion (343) is in clearance arrangement with the head (32).

4. The combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 2, wherein the head (32), the ribs (322), the heat shield (33) and the fixing seat (34) are enclosed to form an impact cavity (325), a plurality of impact holes (323) respectively communicated with the impact cavity (325) are formed in the head (32), and the impact holes (323) are used for introducing cold air into the impact cavity (325) so as to cool one side of the heat shield (33) towards the head (32) through the cold air.

5. The combustion chamber with ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of ventilation grooves (324) are formed on the rib (322), and the ventilation grooves (324) are used for guiding the cold air in the impingement cavity (325) into the flame tube (3) so as to cool the side of the heat shield (33) away from the head (32) through the cold air.

6. The combustion chamber with ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 5, characterized in that the walls of the ventilation slots (324) are arranged obliquely, the ventilation slots (324) being inclined in the direction towards the heat shield (33) in the direction of the impingement cavity (325) towards the inside of the flame tube (3).

7. The combustion chamber with ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer conical surface (344) is provided with a plurality of ventilation slits (342) at intervals, the ventilation slits (342) being used for guiding the cold air in the impingement cavity (325) into the flame tube (3) for cooling the side of the heat shield (33) facing away from the head (32) by means of the cold air.

8. The combustion chamber using a ceramic-based heat shield according to claim 4, wherein a bent portion (347) is formed on the heat shield (33), and the bent portion (347) is used to form a flow guide passage for guiding cool air to the outer ring (35) together with the head portion (32).

9. The combustion chamber adopting the ceramic-based heat shield according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a third mounting hole (341) is formed in the fixing seat (34), a swirler (31) is arranged in the third mounting hole (341), a nozzle (4) for injecting fuel into the flame tube (3) is arranged on the swirler (31), and the swirler (31) is used for atomizing the injected fuel.

10. An aeroengine comprising a combustion chamber according to any of claims 1-9, employing a ceramic-based heat shield (33).