CN118420759A - 靶向cll1的单域抗体及其用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及包含该单域抗体的嵌合多肽、多特异性分子、抗体偶联物、工程化细胞、药物组合物、试剂盒等。本发明还提供治疗和/或预防和/或诊断与CLL1表达相关的疾病的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于免疫治疗领域,涉及靶向CLL1的单域抗体及其用途。更具体地,本发明涉及靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及包含该单域抗体的嵌合多肽、多特异性分子、抗体偶联物、工程化细胞、药物组合物、试剂盒等,还涉及治疗和/或预防和/或诊断与CLL1表达相关的疾病的方法。
背景技术
C型凝集素样1(CLL1),也称为MICL、CLEC12A、CLEC-1、DCAL-2和CD371,是糖蛋白受体和参与免疫调节的C型凝集素样受体家族的成员。CLL1在造血细胞,主要在包括单核细胞、树突状细胞和粒细胞的先天免疫细胞和骨髓祖细胞中表达。CLL1也在急性骨髓性白血病(AML)母细胞和白血病干细胞(例如CD34+/CD38-干细胞)中表达。CLL1的表达也可能与其他髓性白血病,如急性单核细胞白血病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、慢性髓性白血病(CML)和骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)相关。
因此,针对CLL1靶点进行药物开发具有重要价值和意义。
发明内容
除非另有定义,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。为了更容易地理解本申请,下文对某些术语进行了定义。
单域抗体
在第一个方面,本发明提供一种靶向CLL1的单域抗体,其包含H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3,所述H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3与SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28中所包含的H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3相同。
在一些实施例中,所述单域抗体包含:
(1)如SEQ ID NO:1所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:2所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:3所示的H-CDR3;
(2)如SEQ ID NO:5所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:6所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:7所示的H-CDR3;
(3)如SEQ ID NO:9所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:10所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:11所示的H-CDR3;
(4)如SEQ ID NO:13所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:14所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:15所示的H-CDR3;
(5)如SEQ ID NO:17所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:18所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:19所示的H-CDR3;
(6)如SEQ ID NO:21所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:22所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:23所示的H-CDR3;或
(7)如SEQ ID NO:25所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:26所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:27所示的H-CDR3。
如本文所用,术语“单域抗体”或“sdAb”是指具有三个互补决定区(CDR)的单一抗原结合多肽,其包括全长抗体(例如HCAb)以及其抗原结合片段(例如VHH)。在一些情况下,单域抗体选自骆驼科HCAb或由骆驼科HCAb工程改造而成,并且其重链可变结构域在本文中称为“VHH”。VHH从N端至C端具有以下基本结构:FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4,其中FR1至FR4分别指框架区1至4,CDR1至CDR3是指互补决定区1至3。
可以使用许多本领域熟知的编号方案容易地确定给定CDR或FR的精确氨基酸序列边界,这些方案包括:Kabat等人(1991),“Sequences of Proteins of ImmunologicalInterest”第5版Public Health Service,National Institutes of Health(“Kabat”编号方案);Al-Lazikani等人,(1997)JMB 273,927-948(“Chothia”编号方案);Mac Callum等人,J.Mol.Biol.262:732-745(1996),“Antibody-antigen interactions:Contactanalysis and binding sitetopography”,J.Mol.Biol.262,732-745”(“Contact”编号方案);Lefranc MP等人,“IMGT unique numbering for immunoglobulin and T cellreceptor variable domains and Ig superfamily V-like domains”,Dev CompImmunol,2003年1月;27(1):55-77(“IMGT”编号方案);Honegger A和Plückthun A,“Yetanother numbering scheme for immunoglobulin variable domains:an automaticmodeling and analysis tool”,JMol Biol,2001年6月8日;309(3):657-70(“Aho”编号方案);Martin等人,“Modeling antibody hyper variable loops:a combined algorithm,”PNAS,1989,86(23):9268-9272(“AbM”编号方案)。
给定CDR或FR的精确氨基酸序列可能由于选择的编号方案不同而不同,应理解,给定抗体或其区域(如其可变区)的“CDR”涵盖由任何上述方案或其他已知方案所定义的CDR。例如,在指定特定的CDR(例如CDR3)含有给定氨基酸序列的情况下,应理解,这样的CDR还可以具有由任何上述方案或其他已知方案所定义的相应CDR(例如CDR3)的序列。同样,除非另有规定,否则应当理解给定抗体或其区域(如其可变区)的FR涵盖由任何上述方案或其他已知方案所定义的FR。除非特别指出,否则在本文中用于界定CDR和FR的边界的编号方案采用IMGT方案。
在一些实施例中,所述靶向CLL1的单域抗体包含与选自SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)的氨基酸序列,或与选自SEQ IDNO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28的氨基酸序列相比具有一个或几个氨基酸(例如最多1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个氨基酸)的修饰。优选地,所述修饰是保守性修饰,例如氨基酸的保守性取代、添加和缺失。更为优选地,本发明中的单域抗体包含选自SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28的氨基酸序列。
如本文所用,术语“保守性修饰”是指不会明显影响或改变含有该氨基酸序列的抗体或抗体片段的结合特征的氨基酸修饰。这些保守性修饰包括氨基酸的保守性取代、添加及缺失。修饰可以通过本领域中已知的标准技术,如定点诱变和PCR介导的诱变而引入本发明的抗体或抗体片段中。保守性氨基酸取代是氨基酸残基被具有类似侧链的氨基酸残基置换的取代。具有类似侧链的氨基酸残基家族已在本领域中有定义,包括碱性侧链(例如赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸)、酸性侧链(例如天冬氨酸、谷氨酸)、不带电荷极性侧链(例如甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、半胱氨酸)、非极性侧链(例如丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸、色氨酸)、β-分支侧链(例如苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸)及芳香族侧链(例如酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸)。保守性修饰可以例如基于极性、电荷、溶解度、疏水性、亲水性和/或所涉及残基的两亲性质的相似性来进行选择。
如本文所用,术语序列“同一性”表示两个(核苷酸或氨基酸)序列在比对中在相同位置处具有相同残基的程度,并且通常表示为百分数。优选地,同一性在被比较的序列的整体长度上确定。因此,具有完全相同序列的两个拷贝具有100%同一性。本领域技术人员知晓,可以使用一些算法来确定序列同一性,例如Blast(Altschul等,(1997)Nucleic AcidsRes.25:3389-3402)、Blast2(Altschul等,(1990)J.Mol.Biol.215:403-410)、Smith-Waterman(Smith等(1981)J.Mol.Biol.147:195-197)和ClustalW。
在一些实施例中,本发明中的单域抗体是驼源抗体、嵌合抗体或人源化抗体,优选是驼源抗体或人源化抗体。
如本文所用,术语“驼源抗体”是指骆驼科动物产生的单域抗体sdAb,其天然缺乏轻链,仅具有单个抗体可变结构域。驼源抗体的抗原结合片段具有单个重链可变结构域VHH,其无需轻链帮助即可对抗原具有高亲和力。驼源抗体的VHH被认为是最小的功能性抗原结合片段,其分子量为大约15kD。
如本文所用,术语“嵌合抗体”指这样的抗体,其中每个重链和轻链氨基酸序列的一部分与来自特定物种或者属于特定类别的抗体中相应序列同源,而该链的其余区段则与另一物种或属于另一类别的相应序列同源。一般地,轻链和重链的可变区均来自一个物种的抗体的可变区,而恒定区则与来自另一个物种的抗体序列同源。这种嵌合形式的一个明显优点是可使用易于获得的B细胞或来自非人宿主的杂交瘤从目前已知的来源方便地产生可变区,而与其组合的恒定区来自例如人细胞。所述可变区具有易于制备的优点,并且特异性不受来源的影响,而由于恒定区来自人,因此该抗体在注射时引发人免疫应答的可能性将比恒定区来自非人来源时更低。
如本文所用,“人源化抗体”是指其中所有或基本上所有CDR氨基酸残基源自非人CDR并且所有或基本上所有FR氨基酸残基源自人FR。非人抗体的“人源化形式”是指所述非人抗体的变体,其经历人源化以通常降低对人的免疫原性,同时保留亲本非人抗体的特异性和亲和力。在一些实施例中,人源化抗体中的一些FR残基被来自非人抗体(例如,衍生CDR残基的抗体)的相应残基取代,例如以恢复或改善抗体特异性或亲和力。
人源化抗体及其制备方法是本领域技术人员熟知的,参见例如Almagro和Fransson,Front.Biosci.13:1619-1633(2008)。可用于人源化的人类框架区包括但不限于:使用“最佳拟合”方法选择的框架区、源自轻链或重链可变区的特定亚组的人类抗体的共有序列的框架区、人类成熟(体细胞突变)框架区或人类种系框架区以及筛选FR文库得到的框架区。
嵌合多肽
在第二个方面中,本发明提供包含如上所述的单域抗体的嵌合多肽,本发明中所述的嵌合多肽包括嵌合抗原受体(CAR)、T细胞受体(TCR)、T细胞受体融合蛋白(TFP)、T细胞抗原耦合器(TAC)或免疫动员单克隆T细胞受体(ImmTAC)及其组合等,优选是嵌合抗原受体或T细胞受体,更优选是嵌合抗原受体。
术语“T细胞受体”或“TCR”是指响应于抗原呈递并参与T细胞活化的膜蛋白复合体。TCR的刺激由抗原呈递细胞上的主要组织相容性复合体分子(MHC)触发,所述抗原呈递细胞将抗原肽呈递至T细胞并且结合至TCR复合体以诱发一系列胞内信号传导。TCR由分别形成异二聚体的六条肽链组成,其一般分为αβ型和γδ型。每条肽链包括恒定区和可变区,其中可变区负责结合特异性的特定的抗原和MHC分子。TCR的可变区可以包含抗原结合结构域或与抗原结合结构域可操作连接。
术语“T细胞抗原耦合器”或“TAC”包括三个功能结构域:(1)肿瘤靶向结构域,包括单链抗体、设计的锚蛋白重复蛋白(designed ankyrin repeat protein,DARPin)或其他靶向基团;(2)细胞外结构域,与CD3结合的单链抗体,从而使得TAC受体与TCR受体靠近;(3)跨膜结构域和CD4共受体的细胞内结构域,其中,细胞内结构域连接蛋白激酶LCK,催化TCR复合物的免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序(ITAM)磷酸化作为T细胞活化的初始步骤。
术语“T细胞受体融合蛋白”或“TFP”是指由TCR各组分衍生的重组多肽,通常由TCR亚基和与其连接的抗原结合区组成并在细胞表面表达。其中,TCR亚基包括至少部分TCR胞外结构域、跨膜结构域、TCR胞内信号结构域。
术语“免疫动员单克隆T细胞受体”或“ImmTAC”是由工程化改造的T细胞受体(TCR)以及抗CD3的scFv组成,其中:改造后的TCR能以显著提高的亲和力特异性识别并结合肿瘤细胞表面的HLA-肽复合物,并通过scFv抗体片段与CD3的相互作用促进T细胞介导的效应器功能。
术语“嵌合抗原受体”或“CAR”是指人工构建的杂合多肽,该杂合多肽一般包括抗原(例如肿瘤抗原)结合结构域(例如抗体或抗原的配体)、跨膜结构域、任选的共刺激结构域和初级信号传导结构域,各个结构域之间通过接头连接。CAR能够以非MHC限制性的方式将T细胞和其它免疫细胞的特异性和反应性重定向至所选择的靶标。在一些实施例中,本发明的嵌合抗原受体包含如上所述的CLL1单域抗体、跨膜结构域、一个或多个共刺激结构域和初级信号传导结构域。在一些实施例中,所述嵌合抗原受体还包含以下结构中的一个或多个:信号肽、铰链区、自杀基因、开关结构等。
术语“跨膜结构域”是指能够使嵌合抗原受体在免疫细胞(例如淋巴细胞、NK细胞或NKT细胞)表面上表达,并且引导免疫细胞针对靶细胞的细胞应答的多肽结构。在一些实施例中,所述跨膜结构域选自以下蛋白质的跨膜结构域:TCRα链、TCRβ链、TCRγ链、TCRδ链、CD3ζ亚基、CD3ε亚基、CD3γ亚基、CD3δ亚基、CD45、CD4、CD5、CD8α、CD9、CD16、CD22、CD33、CD28、CD37、CD64、CD80、CD86、CD134、CD137和CD154。优选地,所述跨膜结构域选自CD8α、CD4、CD28和CD278的跨膜结构域,优选源自CD8α链,其与SEQ ID NO:29-31任一所示的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)。更为优选地,所述跨膜结构域具有SEQ ID NO:29-31任一所示的氨基酸序列。
术语“共刺激结构域”可以是来自共刺激分子的细胞内功能性信号传导结构域。“共刺激分子”是指在T细胞上与共刺激配体特异性结合,由此介导T细胞的共刺激反应(例如增殖)的同源结合配偶体。所述共刺激结构域包括但不限于源自以下蛋白质的共刺激信号传导结构域:TLR1、TLR2、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5、TLR6、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9、TLR10、CARD11、CD2、CD7、CD8、CD18(LFA-1)、CD27、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD54(ICAM)、CD83、CD134(OX40)、CD137(4-1BB)、CD150(SLAMF1)、CD152(CTLA4)、CD223(LAG3)、CD270(HVEM)、CD272(BTLA)、CD273(PD-L2)、CD274(PD-L1)、CD276(B7-H3)、CD278(ICOS)、CD357(GITR)、DAP10、LAT、NKG2C、SLP76、PD1、LIGHT、TRIM、ZAP70或它们的任意组合。优选地,本发明CAR的共刺激结构域来自4-1BB、CD28、CD27、OX40及其任意组合。更优选地,所述共刺激结构域与SEQ ID NO:32-34任一所示的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)。更为优选地,所述共刺激结构域的氨基酸序列具有SEQ ID NO:32-34任一所示的氨基酸序列。
术语“初级信号传导结构域”是指转导效应子功能信号并指导细胞进行指定功能的蛋白质部分,负责在抗原结合结构域结合抗原以后的细胞内初级信号传递,从而导致免疫细胞和免疫反应的活化。在一些实施例中,所述初级信号传导结构域选自以下蛋白的信号传导结构域:FcRγ、FcRβ、CD3γ、CD3δ、CD3ε、CD3ζ、CD22、CD79a、CD79b和CD66d。优选地,所述初级信号传导结构域包含CD3ζ的信号传导结构域。更优选地,所述初级信号传导结构域与SEQ ID NO:35-37任一所示的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)。更为优选地,所述初级信号传导结构域的氨基酸序列具有SEQ ID NO:35-37任一所示的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施例中,所述嵌合抗原受体还包含位于抗原结合结构域和跨膜结构域之间的铰链区。术语“铰链区”一般是指作用为连接跨膜结构域至抗体的任何寡肽或多肽。具体地,铰链区用来为抗体提供更大的灵活性和可及性。铰链区可以包含最多达300个氨基酸,优选10至100个氨基酸并且最优选25至50个氨基酸。铰链区可以全部或部分源自天然分子,如全部或部分源自CD8、CD4或CD28的胞外区,或全部或部分源自抗体恒定区。或者,铰链区可以是对应于天然存在的铰链序列的合成序列,或可以是完全合成的铰链序列。本领域已知的铰链区均可用于本发明,例如CD8α链、FcγRIIIα受体、IgG4或IgG1的铰链区。优选地,所述铰链区的氨基酸序列与SEQ IDNO:38-41任一所示的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)。更为优选地,所述铰链区的氨基酸序列具有SEQ ID NO:38-41任一所示的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施例中,所述嵌合抗原受体还包括信号肽。信号肽使得当其在细胞例如T细胞中表达时,新生蛋白质被引导至内质网并随后引导至细胞表面。信号肽的核心可以含有长的疏水性氨基酸区段,其具有形成单个α-螺旋的倾向。在信号肽的末端,通常有被信号肽酶识别和切割的氨基酸区段。信号肽酶可以在移位期间或完成后切割,以产生游离信号肽和成熟蛋白。然后,游离信号肽被特定蛋白酶消化。本领域已知的信号肽均可用于本发明,例如衍生自B2M、CD8α、IgG1、GM-CSFRα等的信号肽。优选地,本发明中的信号肽与SEQ IDNO:42-44任一所示的氨基酸序列具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%或99%同一性或100%同一性(例如至少80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%同一性或100%同一性)。更为优选地,所述信号肽的氨基酸序列具有SEQ ID NO:42-44任一所示的氨基酸序列具有100%同一性。
多特异性分子
在第三个方面,本发明提供一种包含如上所述的单域抗体或嵌合多肽的多特异性分子(优选双特异性分子),如多特异性抗体或多特异性嵌合多肽。因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种多特异性抗体,其包含本发明的靶向CLL1的单域抗体。优选地,所述多特异性分子还包含一个或多个结合其他抗原或抗原表位的第二抗体。
如本文所用,术语“特异性”是指抗原结合蛋白(如抗体或嵌合多肽)对于抗原的特定表位的选择性识别。术语“多特异性”表示抗原结合蛋白具有两个或更多个抗原结合位点,其结合至少两个不同的抗原或抗原表位;术语“双特异性”表示抗原结合蛋白具有两个抗原结合位点,其结合两个不同的抗原或抗原表位。
如本文所用,“第二抗体”中的“抗体”具有本领域技术人员所理解的最广泛的含义,并且包括单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、多价抗体、多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)等完整抗体,和能够表现期望的生物活性的携带一个或多个CDR序列的抗原结合片段或合成多肽,可为任何种类(例如IgG、IgE、IgM、IgD、IgA等)或亚类(例如IgG1、IgG2、IgG2a、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1、IgA2等)。
如本文所用,术语“抗原结合片段”包括抗体片段、配体或其功能性片段(即具有抗原结合能力的片段)。“抗体片段”即完整抗体的一部分,一般抗体片段包含完整抗体的抗原结合位点并因此保留结合抗原的能力。本发明中的抗原结合片段的实例包括但不限于:Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fd片段、Fd′、Fv片段、scFv、二硫键-连接的Fv(sdFv)、线性抗体、具有两个抗原结合位点的“双体”、单域抗体(sdAb)(例如抗体的重链可变区VH、轻链可变区VL、纳米抗体VHH等)。“配体”是指能够与抗原分子进行可逆结合后产生相互作用的任何分子或原子。配体可以是单个原子或离子,也可以是由许多原子组成的更大、更复杂的分子。配体可以是天然的配体,如有机或无机分子,也可以是合成的配体。
除非上下文明确指出,否则本发明的“第二抗体”中的“抗体”涵盖如上所述的完整抗体和抗原结合片段。因此,本发明中所述的第二抗体选自完整抗体、Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fd片段、Fd′、Fv片段、scFv、sdFv、线性抗体、双体和sdAb等,优选scFv或sdAb。
本领域技术人员可以根据待治疗的病症确定第二抗体靶向的抗原,从而设计相应的多特异性抗体或多特异性嵌合多肽。本发明中所述第二抗体靶向的抗原选自:ALK、ADRB3、AKAP-4、APRIL、ASGPR1、BCMA、B7H3、B7H4、B7H6、bcr-abl、BORIS、BST2、BAFF-R、BTLA、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD7、CD8、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD24、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD33、CD38、CD40、CD44、CD44v6、CD44v7/8、CD47、CD52、CD56、CD57、CD58、CD70、CD72、CD79a、CD79b、CD80、CD81、CD86、CD97、CD123、CD133、CD137、CD 138、CD151、CD171、CD179a、CD300LF、CDH16、CSPG4、CS1、Claudin 6、Claudin18.1、Claudin 18.2、CEA、CEACAM6、c-Met、CAIX、CXORF61、CA125、CYP1B1、CS1、ELF2M、EGFR、EPCAM、EGFRvIII、EphA2、ERG/TMPRSS2ETS融合基因、ETV6-AML、EMR2、EGP2,EGP40、FAP、FAR、FBP、FLT3、FOSL1、FCRL5、FCAR、Flt3、Flt4、Frizzled、GD2、GD3、gp100、gp130、GM3、GPC2、GPC3、GPRC5D、GPR20、GloboH、GHRHR、GHR、GITR、Her2、HER3、HER-4、HMWMAA、HAVCR1、HPV E6,E7、HVEM、HIV-1Gag、HLA-A1、HLA-A2、IL6R、IL-11Ra、IL-13Ra、IGF-I受体、LTPR、LIFRP、LRP5、IGLL1、IGF1R、KIT、Kappa Light Chain、KDR、LewisY、LMP2、LY6K、LAGE-1a、legumain、LCK、LAIR1、LILRA2、LY75、MSLN、MUC1、MUC16、MAGE-A1、MAGE3、MAD-CT-1、MelanA/MART1、ML-IAP、MYCN、mut hsp70-2、NCAM、NY-BR-1、NY-ESO-1、NA17、Notch-1-4、nAchR、NKG2D、NKG2D配体、OY-TES1、OR51E2、OX40、PRSS21、PSCA、PD1、PD-L1、PD-L2、PSMA、Prostase、PAP、PDGFR-β、PCTA-1/半乳凝集素8、p53、p53突变体、prostein、PLAC1、PANX3、PAX3、PAX5、PTCH1、RANK、RAGE-1、ROR1、Ras突变体、RhoC、RU1、RU2、Robol、SSEA-4、SSX2、SART3、Sp17、TSHR、Tn Ag、TGS5、TEM1/CD248、TEM7R、TARP、TCRα、TCRβ、TGFBR1、TGFBR2、TNFRSF4、TWEAK-R、TLR7、TLR9、TAG72、TROP-2、Tie 2、TRP-2、TNFR1、TNFR2、TEM1、UPK2VEGFR、WT1、XAGE1、5T4、8H9、αvβ6整合素、CA9、叶酸受体α、肝配蛋白B2、酪氨酸酶、岩藻糖基GM1、邻-乙酰-GD2、叶酸受体β、多聚唾液酸、精子蛋白17、存活蛋白和端粒酶、肉瘤易位断点、人端粒末端逆转录酶/hTERT、雄激素受体、肠羧基酯酶、细胞周期蛋白B1、纤连蛋白、腱生蛋白、肿瘤坏死区的癌胚变体及其任意组合。优选地,所述第二抗原选自CD7、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD30、CD33、CD38、CD123、CD138、CD171、MUC1、MSLN、AFP、叶酸受体α、CEA、PSCA、PSMA、Her2、EGFR、IL-13Ra、GD2、NKG2D、Claudin18.2、ROR1、EGFRvIII、CS1、BCMA和GPRC5D,更优选选自CD19、Claudin18.2、MSLN、GPRC5D、CD7、BCMA及其任意组合。
抗体偶联物
在第四个方面,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其在如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体的基础上进一步包含第二功能性结构,其中所述第二功能性结构选自Fc、放射性同位素、延长半衰期的结构部分、可检测标记物和药物。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体和Fc。如本文所用,术语“Fc”用于定义免疫球蛋白重链的C末端区,其包括天然Fc和变体Fc。“天然Fc”是指包含通过消化完整抗体产生的、无论是单体形式或是多聚体形式的非抗原结合片段的分子或序列。产生天然Fc的免疫球蛋白源优选来源于人类。天然Fc片段由可以通过共价连接(例如二硫键)和非共价连接而连接为二聚体或多聚体形式的单体多肽构成。根据类别(例如IgG、IgA、IgE、IgD、IgM)或亚型(例如IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgA1、IgGA2)的不同,天然Fc分子单体亚基之间具有1-4个分子间二硫键。天然Fc的一个实例是通过用木瓜蛋白酶消化IgG产生的二硫键连接的二聚体(参见Ellison等(1982),Nucleic Acids Res.10:4071-9)。本文所用的术语“天然Fc”一般是指单体、二聚体和多聚体形式。“变体Fc”是指由于至少一个本文定义的“氨基酸修饰”而与“天然”或“野生型”Fc的氨基酸序列不同的氨基酸序列,也称为“Fc变体”。因此,“Fc”也包括单链Fc(scFc),即,由多肽接头连接的两个Fc单体组成的单链Fc,其能够自然折叠成功能性二聚体Fc区域。在一些实施例中,所述Fc优选是人免疫球蛋白的Fc,更优选是人IgG1的Fc。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体和放射性同位素。可用于本发明的放射性同位素的实例包括但不限于At211、I131、I125、Y90、Re186、Re188、Sm153、Bi212、P32、Pb212、99mTc、123I、18F和68Ga。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体和延长半衰期的结构部分,所述延长半衰期的结构部分选自白蛋白的结合结构、转铁蛋白的结合结构、聚乙二醇分子、重组聚乙二醇分子、人血清白蛋白、人血清白蛋白的片段和结合人血清白蛋白的白多肽(包括抗体)。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体和可检测标记物。术语“可检测标记物”在本文中意指产生可检测信号的化合物。例如,可检测标记物可以是MRI造影剂、闪烁扫描造影剂、X射线成像造影剂、超声造影剂、光学成像造影剂。可检测标记物的实施例包括荧光团(如荧光素、Alexa或花青)、化学发光化合物(如鲁米诺)、生物发光化合物(如荧光素酶或碱性磷酸酶)、酶(如辣根过氧化物酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶、β-半乳糖苷酶)、抗生素(例如卡那霉素、氨苄霉素、氯霉素、四环素等)抗性基因和造影剂(如纳米颗粒或钆)。本领域技术人员可以根据所用的检测系统选择合适的可检测标记物。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供一种抗体偶联物,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体以及多特异性抗体和与其抗体偶联的药物,例如细胞毒素或免疫调节剂(即,抗体药物偶联物)。通常药物通过共价与抗体连接,并且通常依赖于接头。在一些实施例中,所述药物是细胞毒素。在另一个实施方案中,所述药物是免疫调节剂。细胞毒素的实例包括但不限于甲氨蝶呤、氨基蝶呤、6-巯基嘌呤、6-硫鸟嘌呤、阿糖胞苷、5-氟尿嘧啶、达卡巴嗪、氮芥、噻替派、苯丁酸氮芥、美法仑、卡莫司汀(BSNU)、洛莫司汀(CCNU)、1-甲基亚硝基脲、环磷酰胺、氮芥、白消安、二溴甘露醇、链佐星、丝裂霉素、顺-二氯二胺铂(II)(DDP)、顺铂、卡铂、佐柔比星、多柔比星、地托比星、卡米诺霉素、伊达比星、表柔比星、米托蒽醌、放线菌素D、博来霉素、刺孢霉素、光辉霉素、安曲霉素(AMC)、长春新碱、长春花碱、紫杉醇、蓖麻毒素、假单胞菌外毒素、吉西他滨、细胞松弛素B、短杆菌肽D、溴乙锭、依米丁、依托泊苷、替尼泊苷、秋水仙素、二羟基蒽二酮、1-脱氢睾酮、糖皮质激素、普鲁卡因、丁卡因、利多卡因、普萘洛尔、嘌呤霉素、丙卡巴肼、羟基脲、天冬酰胺酶、皮质类固醇、米托坦(O,P'-(DDD))、干扰素,以及它们的组合。免疫调节剂的实例包括但不限于更昔洛韦、依那西普、他克莫司、西罗莫司、伏环孢素、环孢灵、雷帕霉素、环磷酰胺、硫唑嘌呤、霉酚酸酯、甲氨蝶呤、糖皮质素及其类似物、细胞因子、干细胞生长因子、淋巴毒素、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、造血因子、白介素(例如IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-6、IL-10、IL-12、IL-18及IL-21)、集落刺激因子(例如G-CSF及GM-CSF)、干扰素(例如干扰素-α、干扰素-β及干扰素-γ)、命名为“S1因子”的干细胞生长因子、红细胞生成素和血小板生成素,或其组合。
核酸、载体
在第五个方面,本发明涉及编码如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体、嵌合多肽或多特异性分子的核酸分子以及包含该核酸分子的载体。如本文所用,术语“核酸分子”包括核糖核苷酸和脱氧核糖核苷酸的序列,如经修饰的或未经修饰的RNA或DNA,各自为单链和/或双链形式的线性或环状,或它们的混合物(包括杂合分子)。因此,根据本发明的核酸包括DNA(比如dsDNA、ssDNA、cDNA)、RNA(比如dsRNA、ssRNA、mRNA、ivtRNA),它们的组合或衍生物(如PNA)。优选地,所述核酸是DNA或RNA,更优选DNA。
可以对本发明的核酸序列进行密码子优化以在所需的细胞(如免疫细胞)中进行最佳表达;或者用于在细菌、酵母菌或昆虫细胞中表达。密码子优化是指将目标序列中存在的在给定物种的高度表达的基因中一般罕见的密码子替换为在这类物种的高度表达的基因中一般常见的密码子,而替换前后的密码子编码相同的氨基酸。因此,最佳密码子的选择取决于宿主基因组的密码子使用偏好。
如本文所用,术语“载体”是用作将(外源)遗传材料转移到宿主细胞中的媒介核酸分子,在该宿主细胞中所述核酸分子可以例如复制和/或表达。可用于本发明的合适载体是本领域已知的,并且许多可商购获得。在一些实施例中,本发明的载体包括但不限于质粒、病毒(例如逆转录病毒、腺病毒、腺伴随病毒、牛痘病毒、水泡性口炎病毒、麻疹病毒、腮腺炎病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、正粘液病毒、小病毒、马拉巴病毒、柯萨奇病毒、疱疹病毒和慢病毒等)、噬菌体、噬菌粒、粘粒和人工染色体(包括BAC和YAC)。载体一般还包含在细胞中自主复制的起点(如果需要多核苷酸的稳定表达)、选择标记和限制酶切割位点(如多克隆位点,MCS)。载体可另外包含启动子、多聚腺苷酸尾(polyA)、3’UTR、增强子、终止子、绝缘子、操纵子、选择标记、报告基因、靶向序列和/或蛋白质纯化标签等元件。在一个具体的实施方案中,所述载体是体外转录的载体。
工程化细胞
在第六个方面,本发明还提供表达本发明所述如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体、嵌合多肽或多特异性分子的工程化细胞。
在一些实施例中,所述细胞是免疫细胞。
如本文所用,术语“免疫细胞”是指免疫系统的具有一种或多种效应子功能(例如,细胞毒性细胞杀伤活性、分泌细胞因子、诱导ADCC和/或CDC)的任何细胞。例如,免疫细胞可以是B细胞、T细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、单核细胞、NK细胞或NKT细胞。免疫细胞可以从多种来源获得,例如可以来自受试者(例如,从受试者的外周血单核细胞、骨髓、淋巴结组织、脐带血、胸腺组织、来自感染部位的组织、腹水、胸膜积液、脾组织、肿瘤等分离而获得),或来自体外培养的细胞系(例如Jurkat、SupT1、NK92等),或从干细胞分化而来。优选地,免疫细胞是T细胞或NK细胞,更优选T细胞。T细胞也可以被浓缩或纯化。T细胞可以处于任何发育阶段,包括但不限于:CD4+CD8+T细胞、CD4+T细胞(例如Th1和Th2细胞)、CD8+T细胞(例如,细胞毒性T细胞)、CD4-CD8-T细胞、肿瘤浸润细胞、记忆T细胞、幼稚T细胞、γδ-T细胞、αβ-T细胞等。本发明中所述的T细胞,可以通过本领域技术人员已知的多种技术获得,如Ficoll分离受试者的血液获得。
在另一些实施例中,所述细胞是干细胞。
术语“干细胞”是具有自我复制、多向分化和归巢潜能的原始细胞,是机体的起源细胞,是形成人体各种组织、器官的始祖细胞。在细胞分化的过程中,由于细胞质中的调节分化蛋白不均匀地分配,使得一个子细胞不可逆地走向分化的终端成为功能专一的分化细胞,直至完全失去了再分裂的能力,最终衰老死亡。机体为了弥补这一不足,保留了一部分未分化的原始细胞,其保留了亲代的特性。这部分被保留下来的未分化的原始细胞,称为干细胞,一旦需要,这些干细胞可按照发育途径通过分裂而产生分化的细胞。本发明中所述的干细胞可以是胚胎干细胞、成体干细胞(例如脐带血干细胞、骨髓干细胞、造血干细胞、间充质干细胞等)以及多能干细胞(例如诱导多能干细胞iPSC等)。
本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性HLA-I类基因的表达被抑制或沉默。在一种实施方式中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性HLA-II类基因的表达被抑制或沉默。在一种实施方式中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性TCR/CD3基因的表达被抑制或沉默。在一种实施方式中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性TCR/CD3基因和至少一种内源性HLA-I类基因的表达被抑制或沉默。在一种实施方式中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性HLA-I类和HLA-II类基因的表达被抑制或沉默。在一种实施方式中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的至少一种内源性TCR/CD3基因,至少一种内源性HLA-I类基因和至少一种内源性HLA-II类基因的表达被抑制或沉默。优选地,所述HLA-I类基因选自HLA-A、HLA-B、HLA-C和B2M。优选地,所述HLA-II类基因选自HLA-DP、HLA-DQ、HLA-DR、TAP1、TAP2、LMP2、LMP7、RFX5、RFXAP、RFXANK和CIITA,优选选自RFX5、RFXAP、RFXANK和CIITA。优选地,所述TCR/CD3基因选自TRAC、TRBC、CD3γ、CD3δ、CD3ε和CD3ζ。
在一些实施例中,本发明所述的工程化细胞的一个或多个选自以下内源性基因的表达被抑制或沉默:CD52、GR、dCK和免疫检查点基因,如PD1、LAG3、TIM3、CTLA4、PPP2CA、PPP2CB、PTPN6、PTPN22、PDCD1、HAVCR2、BTLA、CD160、TIGIT、CD96、CRTAM、TNFRSF10B、TNFRSF10A、CASP8、CASP10、CASP3、CASP6、CASP7、FADD、FAS、TGFBRII、TGFRBRI、SMAD2、SMAD3、SMAD4、SMAD10、SKI、SKIL、TGIF1、IL10RA、IL10RB、HMOX2、IL6R、IL6ST、EIF2AK4、CSK、PAG1、SIT、FOXP3、PRDM1、BATF、GUCY1A2、GUCY1A3、GUCY1B2和GUCY1B3。
抑制基因表达或使基因沉默的方法是本领域技术人员熟知的。例如,可以使用反义RNA、RNA诱饵、RNA适体、siRNA、shRNA/miRNA、反式显性阴性蛋白(TNP)、嵌合/抗体偶联物、趋化因子配体、抗感染性细胞蛋白、细胞内抗体(sFv)、核苷类似物(NRTI)、非核苷类似物(NNRTI)、整合酶抑制剂(寡核苷酸、二核苷酸和化学剂)和蛋白酶抑制剂来抑制基因的表达。另外,也可以通过例如大范围核酸酶、锌指核酸酶、TALE核酸酶或CRISPR系统中的Cas酶介导DNA断裂,从而使基因沉默。
在一些实施例中,提供多种工程化细胞,每种工程化细胞被改造为表达一种或多种嵌合抗原受体。例如,在一些实施例中,将一种工程化细胞改造为表达靶向CLL1的嵌合抗原受体(例如包含本发明所述抗CLL1单域抗体的CAR),并且将另一种细胞改造为表达靶向其他抗原或抗原表位的嵌合抗原受体。在一些实施例中,所述工程化细胞表达多特异性嵌合抗原受体,其靶向包括CLL1在内的一种或多种抗原。例如,这种多特异性嵌合抗原受体可以包含靶向CLL1的多特异性抗体,或者同时包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体和靶向其他抗原或抗原表位的抗体。在以上实施方案中,所述多种工程化细胞可以一起或单独施用。在一些实施例中,所述多种工程化细胞可以在同一组合物中或在不同组合物中。细胞的示例性组合物包括如下所述的药物组合物。
试剂盒和药物组合物
在第七个方面,本发明还提供一种试剂盒,其包含如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体、嵌合多肽、多特异性分子、抗体偶联物或工程化细胞。
在第八个方面,本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含靶向CLL1的单域抗体、嵌合多肽、多特异性分子、抗体偶联物或工程化细胞,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
如本文所用,术语“药学上可接受的赋型剂”是指在药理学和/或生理学上与受试者和活性成分相容(即,能够引发所需的治疗效果而不会引起任何不希望的局部或全身作用)的载体和/或赋形剂,其是本领域公知的(参见例如Remington's PharmaceuticalSciences.Edited by Gennaro AR,19th ed.Pennsylvania:Mack Publishing Company,1995)。药学上可接受的赋型剂的实例包括但不限于填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、包衣剂、吸附剂、抗粘附剂、助流剂、抗氧化剂、调味剂、着色剂、甜味剂、溶剂、共溶剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、稀释剂、润湿剂、防腐剂、乳化剂、包覆剂、等渗剂、吸收延迟剂、稳定剂和张力调节剂。本领域技术人员已知选择合适的赋型剂以制备本发明期望的药物组合物。用于本发明的药物组合物中的示例性赋型剂包括盐水、缓冲盐水、葡萄糖和水。通常,合适的赋形剂的选择尤其取决于所使用的活性剂、待治疗的疾病和药物组合物的期望剂型。
根据本发明的药物组合物可适用于多种途径施用。通常,通过胃肠外完成施用。胃肠外递送方法包括局部、动脉内、肌内、皮下、髓内、鞘内、心室内、静脉内、腹膜内、子宫内、阴道内、舌下或鼻内施用。
根据本发明的药物组合物也可以制备成各种形式,如固态、液态、气态或冻干形式,特别可以是软膏、乳膏、透皮贴剂、凝胶、粉末、片剂、溶液、气雾剂、颗粒、丸剂、混悬剂、乳剂、胶囊、糖浆、酏剂、浸膏剂、酊剂或流浸膏提取物的形式,或者是特别适用于所需施用方法的形式。本发明已知的用于生产药物的过程可包括例如常规混合、溶解、制粒、制糖衣、研磨、乳化、包封、包埋或冻干过程。包含例如本文所述的免疫细胞的药物组合物通常以溶液形式提供,并且优选包含药学上可接受的缓冲剂。
根据本发明的药物组合物还可以与一种或多种适用于治疗和/或预防待治疗疾病的其它药剂组合施用。适用于组合的药剂的优选实例包括已知的抗癌药物,比如顺铂、美登素衍生物、雷查霉素(rachelmycin)、卡里奇霉素(calicheamicin)、多西紫杉醇、依托泊苷、吉西他滨、异环磷酰胺、伊立替康、美法仑、米托蒽醌、sorfimer卟啉钠II(sorfimersodiumphotofrin II)、替莫唑胺、拓扑替康、葡萄糖醛酸曲美沙特(trimetreateglucuronate)、奥利斯他汀E(auristatin E)、长春新碱和阿霉素;肽细胞毒素,比如蓖麻毒素、白喉毒素、假单胞菌细菌外毒素A、DNA酶和RNA酶;放射性核素,比如碘131、铼186、铟111、铱90、铋210和213、锕225和砹213;前药,比如抗体定向的酶前药;免疫刺激剂,比如血小板因子4、黑色素瘤生长刺激蛋白等;抗体或其片段,比如抗CD3抗体或其片段,补体活化剂,异种蛋白结构域,同种蛋白结构域,病毒/细菌蛋白结构域和病毒/细菌肽。此外,本发明的药物组合物也可以与其他一种或多种治疗方法,例如化疗、放疗组合使用。
用途、方法
在第九个方面,本发明提供如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体、嵌合多肽、多特异性分子、抗体偶联物、工程化细胞、检测试剂盒或药物组合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防和/或诊断与CLL1表达相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
在第十个方面,本发明还提供一种治疗和/或预防与CLL1表达相关的疾病的方法,包括向受试者施用如上所述的靶向CLL1的单域抗体、抗体偶联物、工程化细胞或药物组合物。
在一些实施例中,与CLL1表达相关的疾病包括但不限于急性髓样(骨髓性)白血病(acutemyeloid leukemia,AML)、慢性髓样(髓性)白血病(chronic myelogenousleukemia,CML)、慢性粒单核细胞白血病(chronic myelomonocytic leukemia,CMML)、幼年型髓单核细胞白血病(juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia)、非典型慢性髓样白血病(atypicalchronic myeloid leukemia)、急性早幼粒细胞白血病(acute promyelocyticleukemia,APL)、急性单核细胞性白血病(acute monoblastic leukemia)、急性红细胞白血病(acute erythroid leukemia)、急性巨核母细胞性白血病(acute megakaryoblasticleukemia)、骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome、MDS)、骨髓增生性疾病(myeloproliferative disorder)、髓样新生物(myeloid neoplasm)、髓样肉瘤(myeloidsarcoma)、急性浆细胞样树状突细胞新生物(Blastic Plasmacytoid DendriticCell Neoplasm、BPDCN)、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病、变态反应、哮喘、克罗恩病、IBD、IBS、纤维肌痛(fibromyalga)、肥大细胞增多症、乳糜泻或其任意组合。
下面将参考附图并结合实例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是,本领域的技术人员应该理解本发明的附图及其实施例仅仅是为了例举的目的,并不能对本发明构成任何限制。在不矛盾的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
附图说明
图1:HL60细胞、SKNO-1细胞、Kasumi-1细胞中的CLL1表达水平。
图2:本发明制备的CAR-T细胞中抗CLL1单域抗体的表达水平。
图3:靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞对靶细胞和非靶细胞的杀伤效果。
图4:靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞中的CD107a阳性细胞占比。
图5:靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞与靶细胞和非靶细胞共培养后的IFN-γ的释放水平。
图6:注射靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞后,小鼠肿瘤负荷的变化情况。
图7:用靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞治疗小鼠急性早幼粒细胞白血病后,小鼠的生存曲线。
图8:用靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞治疗小鼠急性早幼粒细胞白血病后,小鼠的体重变化曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1.CLL1在不同细胞系中的表达水平鉴定
取HL60细胞、SKNO-1细胞、Kasumi-1细胞,使用抗体PE anti-human CLEC12A(CLL1)antibody(Biolegend,货号353604)进行染色,通过流式细胞术检测各细胞系中的CLL1的表达情况,结果如图1所示。
可以看出,Kasumi-1细胞不表达CLL1,因此在后续的实施例中用作非靶细胞;HL60细胞、SKNO-1细胞均不同程度表达CLL1,因此后续的实施例中用作靶细胞。
实施例2.筛选抗CLL1抗体
采集经免疫羊驼得外周血,分离PVMC细胞,提取RNA,逆转录成cDNA。使用单域抗体克隆引物组合,从cDNA样品中扩增VHH序列。分别将克隆出得VHH序列亚克隆至相关载体中,电转化感受态细胞或菌株,构建单域抗体酵母展示库和噬菌体展示库。利用抗原蛋白HumanCLEC12A/MICL/CLL-1Protein,His Tag(百普赛斯,货号CLA-H5245)对前述纳米抗体库进行淘选,共筛选得到7个抗CLL1抗体克隆,编号分别为001、003、005、006、007、010、011。
分别对各抗体进行测序,得到的7个抗B7-H3鼠源抗体的氨基酸序列如表1所示。
表1抗CCL1抗体的氨基酸序列
抗体编号 | H-CDR1 | H-CDR2 | H-CDR3 | VHH | 对应CAR-T编号 |
001 | SEQ ID NO:1 | SEQ ID NO:2 | SEQ ID NO:3 | SEQ ID NO:4 | BH43-001 |
003 | SEQ ID NO:5 | SEQ ID NO:6 | SEQ ID NO:7 | SEQ ID NO:8 | BH43-003 |
005 | SEQ ID NO:9 | SEQ ID NO:10 | SEQ ID NO:11 | SEQ ID NO:12 | BH43-005 |
006 | SEQ ID NO:13 | SEQ ID NO:14 | SEQ ID NO:15 | SEQ ID NO:16 | BH43-006 |
007 | SEQ ID NO:17 | SEQ ID NO:18 | SEQ ID NO:19 | SEQ ID NO:20 | BH43-007 |
010 | SEQ ID NO:21 | SEQ ID NO:22 | SEQ ID NO:23 | SEQ ID NO:24 | BH43-010 |
011 | SEQ ID NO:25 | SEQ ID NO:26 | SEQ ID NO:27 | SEQ ID NO:28 | BH43-011 |
实施例3.制备靶向CLL1的CAR-T细胞并验证其功能
3.1制备CAR-T细胞
分别合成编码以下蛋白的序列,并将其克隆至pLVX载体(Public Protein/Plasmid Library(PPL),货号:PPL00157-4a):CD8α信号肽(SEQ ID NO:43)、抗CLL1单域抗体、CD8α铰链区(SEQ ID NO:39)、CD8α跨膜区(SEQ ID NO:30)、4-1BB共刺激结构域(SEQ IDNO:33)和CD3ζ初级信号转导结构域(SEQ ID NO:36),并通过测序确认目标序列的正确插入。其中,CAR-T细胞BH43-001包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示,BH43-003包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:8所示,BH43-005包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:12所示,BH43-006包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:16所示,BH43-007包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:20所示,BH43-010包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:24所示,BH43-011包含的抗CLL1单域抗体的VHH氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:28所示。
在无菌管中加入3ml Opti-MEM(Gibco,货号31985-070)稀释上述质粒后,再根据质粒:病毒包装载体:病毒包膜载体=4:2:1的比例加入包装载体psPAX2(Addgene,货号12260)和包膜载体pMD2.G(Addgene,货号12259)。然后,加入120μl X-treme GENE HP DNA转染试剂(Roche,货号06366236001),立即混匀,于室温下孵育15min,然后将质粒/载体/转染试剂混合物逐滴加入到293T细胞的培养瓶中。在24小时和48小时收集病毒,将其合并后,超速离心(25000g,4℃,2.5小时)获得浓缩的慢病毒。
用DynaBeads CD3/CD28 CTSTM(Gibco,货号40203D)激活T细胞,并在37℃和5%CO2下培养1天。然后,加入浓缩的慢病毒,持续培养10天后,获得靶向CLL1的各CAR-T细胞,编号分别为BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011。未经修饰的野生型T细胞(NT)用作对照。
在37℃和5%CO2下培养9天之后,使用MonoRabTMRabbit Anti-Camelid VHHCocktail[iFluor 488](金斯瑞,货号A02021)抗体,通过流式细胞仪检测CAR-T细胞上的抗CLL1单域抗体的表达水平,结果如图2所示。
可以看出,本发明制备的CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011中的抗CLL1单域抗体可以有效表达。
3.2检测CAR-T细胞对靶细胞的杀伤效果
以1×104个细胞/孔的浓度将表达荧光素酶基因的靶细胞SKNO-1细胞和非靶细胞Kasumi-1细胞铺入96孔板中,然后以8:1的效靶比(即效应T细胞与靶细胞之比)将NT细胞和各CAR-T细胞(BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011)铺入到96孔板进行共培养,16-18小时后利用酶标仪测定荧光值。根据计算公式:(靶细胞荧光均值-样品荧光均值)/靶细胞荧光均值×100%,计算得到杀伤效率,结果如图3所示。
可以看出,本发明制备的CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011显示出对靶细胞SKNO-1细胞的强烈杀伤作用。
3.3检测CAR-T细胞的脱颗粒作用
以1×105个细胞/孔的浓度将靶细胞SKNO-1细胞及非靶细胞Kasumi-1细胞分别铺于96孔板中,按1:1的比例加入各CAR-T细胞(BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011)和NT细胞(阴性对照),然后向各孔加入10μL PE Mouseanti-human CD107a antibody(BD,货号555801),并于37℃、5%CO2条件下避光孵育1h。通过流式细胞术检测各孔细胞样品,并分析CD107a阳性细胞占T细胞的比例,结果如图4所示。
可以看出,与NT细胞相比,本发明制备的CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011对靶细胞SKNO-1细胞均显示出显著升高的脱颗粒作用。
3.4检测CAR-T细胞的细胞因子释放水平
以1×105个细胞/孔的浓度将靶细胞SKNO-1细胞及非靶细胞Kasumi-1细胞分别铺于96孔板中,按1:1的比例分别加入各CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011和NT细胞(阴性对照),共培养18-24小时后收集细胞共培养上清液。
按照制造商的建议,使用Human IFN-gamma DuoSet ELISA Kit(R&D systems,货号DY285)检测共培养上清液中IFN-γ的含量,结果如图5所示。
可以看出,与NT细胞相比,本发明制备的CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-006、BH43-007、BH43-010、BH43-011与靶细胞SKNO-1细胞共培养后,细胞因子IFN-γ的释放水平均显著升高,并且这种细胞因子释放是特异性的。
实施例4.验证CAR-T细胞的肿瘤抑制效果
将40只约7周龄的健康雌性NPI小鼠分成8组:NT组、BH043-001组、BH043-003组、Biogene hu27H4组(该组是根据实施例3.1制备的CAR-T细胞,其中用CN113234169A公开的人源化抗CLL1抗体H27H4(氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:45所示)替代本发明的抗CLL1单域抗体)、BH43-005组、PBS组、BH43-010组、BH43-011组,其中NT组和PBS组作为阴性对照,Biogene hu27H4组作为阳性对照。
在第0天(D0),向每只小鼠皮下注射0.5×106个HL60细胞。1天后(D1),根据分组情况向每只小鼠尾静脉注射PBS缓冲液、5×106个NT细胞或相应CAR-T细胞。每周评估小鼠的体重和肿瘤负荷的变化。
小鼠的肿瘤负荷变化如图6所示。可以看出,截止D21,相比于PBS组、NT组,BH43-001组、BH43-003组、BH43-005组、BH43-010组、BH43-011组的小鼠肿瘤负荷明显减少,抑瘤效果显著增强,且效果与Biogene hu27H4组相当甚至更好。
小鼠的生存曲线如图7所示。可以看出,截止实验结束,与PBS组、NT组相比,Biogene hu27H4组的CAR-T细胞并没有显著延长小鼠的生存期。而本发明制备的CAR-T细胞BH43-001、BH43-003、BH43-005、BH43-010、BH43-011均能够延长动物的生存期,其中BH43-010延长动物生存期的效果最为明显。
小鼠的体重变化如图8所示。可以看出,施用CAR-T细胞后,BH43-001组、BH43-003组、BH43-005组、BH43-010组、BH43-011组小鼠的体重与对照组相比没有出现显著下降,表明施用本发明制备的CAR-T细胞不会对小鼠有明显的毒副反应。
以上结果表明,利用本发明提供的靶向CLL1的单域抗体制备得到的CAR-T细胞能够在体内、体外有效地对肿瘤靶细胞产生强烈的杀伤作用,还能够延长动物的生存期(尤其是与现有技术中的H27H4抗体相比),同时不产生明显的毒副作用,安全性高。
需要说明的是,以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。本领域技术人员理解的是,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (27)
1.一种靶向CLL1的单域抗体,其包含H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3,所述H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3与SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28中所包含的H-CDR1、H-CDR2和H-CDR3相同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单域抗体,其包含:
(1)如SEQ ID NO:1所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:2所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:3所示的H-CDR3;
(2)如SEQ ID NO:5所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:6所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:7所示的H-CDR3;
(3)如SEQ ID NO:9所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:10所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:11所示的H-CDR3;
(4)如SEQ ID NO:13所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:14所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:15所示的H-CDR3;
(5)如SEQ ID NO:17所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:18所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:19所示的H-CDR3;
(6)如SEQ ID NO:21所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:22所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:23所示的H-CDR3;或
(7)如SEQ ID NO:25所示的H-CDR1、如SEQ ID NO:26所示的H-CDR2、如SEQ ID NO:27所示的H-CDR3。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的单域抗体,其包含与选自SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28的氨基酸序列具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列,或与选自SEQ ID NO:4、8、12、16、20、24、28的氨基酸序列相比具有一个或几个氨基酸的保守性修饰。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的单域抗体,其中所述单域抗体选自驼源抗体、嵌合抗体或人源化抗体。
5.一种嵌合多肽,其包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体,所述嵌合多肽选自嵌合抗原受体、T细胞受体、T细胞受体融合蛋白、T细胞抗原耦合器、免疫动员单克隆T细胞受体及其任意组合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的嵌合多肽,其中所述嵌合多肽选自嵌合抗原受体,所述嵌合抗原受体包含跨膜结构域和胞内信号传导结构域,所述胞内信号传导结构域包含初级信号传导结构域和/或共刺激结构域。
7.根据权利要求6所述的嵌合多肽,所述跨膜结构域选自以下蛋白质的跨膜结构域:TCRα链、TCRβ链、TCRγ链、TCRδ链、CD3ζ亚基、CD3ε亚基、CD3γ亚基、CD3δ亚基、CD28、CD45、CD4、CD5、CD8a、CD9、CD16、CD22、CD33、CD37、CD47、CD64、CD80、CD86、CD94、CD134、CD137、CD154、KIRDS2、OX40、CD2、CD27、CD18、ICOS、4-1BB、GITR、CD40、BAFFR、HVEM、SLAMF7、NKp80、CD160、BCMA、IL-2Rβ、IL-2Rγ、IL-7Ra、ITGA1、VLA1、CD49a、ITGA4、IA4、CD49D、ITGA6、VLA-6、CD49f、ITGAD、CDl ld、ITGAE、CD103、ITGAL、CDl la、LFA-1、ITGAM、CDl lb、ITGAX、CDllc、ITGB1、CD29、ITGB2、CD18、LFA-1、ITGB7、TNFR2、DNAM1、SLAMF4、CD84、CD96、CEACAM1、CRTAM、Ly9、CD160、PSGL1、CDIOO、SLAMF6、SLAMF1、SLAMF8、CD162、LTBR、PAG/Cbp、NKp44、NKp30、NKp46、NKG2D和NKG2C。
8.根据权利要求6所述的嵌合多肽,所述共刺激结构域选自以下蛋白质的胞内区:LTB、CD94、TLR1、TLR2、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5、TLR6、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9、TLR10、CARD11、CD2、CD7、CD8、CD18、CD27、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD54、CD83、CD134、4-1BB、CD270、CD272、B7-H3、ICOS、CD357、DAP10、DAP12、LAT、NKG2C、SLP76、PD1、LIGHT、TRIM、ZAP70及其任意组合。
9.根据权利要求6所述的嵌合多肽,其中所述初级信号传导结构域选自以下蛋白的信号传导结构域:FcRγ、FcRβ、CD3γ、CD3δ、CD3ε、CD3ζ、CD5、CD22、CD79a、CD79b、NFAM1、STAM1、STAM2和CD66d。
10.一种多特异性分子,其包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体或权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽,以及一个或多个结合其他抗原或抗原表位的第二抗体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的多特异性分子,其中所述第二抗体选自完整抗体、Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fd片段、Fd′、Fv片段、scFv、sdFv、线性抗体、双体和sdAb。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的多特异性分子,其中所述第二抗体结合的抗原选自ALK、ADRB3、AKAP-4、APRIL、ASGPR1、BCMA、B7H3、B7H4、B7H6、bcr-abl、BORIS、BST2、BAFF-R、BTLA、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD7、CD8、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD24、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD33、CD38、CD40、CD44、CD44v6、CD44v7/8、CD47、CD52、CD56、CD57、CD58、CD70、CD72、CD79a、CD79b、CD80、CD81、CD86、CD97、CD123、CD133、CD137、CD 138、CD151、CD171、CD179a、CD300LF、CDH16、CSPG4、CS1、Claudin 6、Claudin18.1、Claudin 18.2、CEA、CEACAM6、c-Met、CAIX、CXORF61、CA125、CYP1B1、CS1、ELF2M、EGFR、EPCAM、EGFRvIII、EphA2、ERG/TMPRSS2ETS融合基因、ETV6-AML、EMR2、EGP2,EGP40、FAP、FAR、FBP、FLT3、FOSL1、FCRL5、FCAR、Flt3、Flt4、Frizzled、GD2、GD3、gp100、gp130、GM3、GPC2、GPC3、GPRC5D、GPR20、GloboH、GHRHR、GHR、GITR、Her2、HER3、HER-4、HMWMAA、HAVCR1、HPVE6,E7、HVEM、HIV-1Gag、HLA-A1、HLA-A2、IL6R、IL-11Ra、IL-13Ra、IGF-I受体、LTPR、LIFRP、LRP5、IGLL1、IGF1R、KIT、Kappa Light Chain、KDR、LewisY、LMP2、LY6K、LAGE-1a、legumain、LCK、LAIR1、LILRA2、LY75、MSLN、MUC1、MUC16、MAGE-A1、MAGE3、MAD-CT-1、MelanA/MART1、ML-IAP、MYCN、mut hsp70-2、NCAM、NY-BR-1、NY-ESO-1、NA17、Notch-1-4、nAchR、NKG2D、NKG2D配体、OY-TES1、OR51E2、OX40、PRSS21、PSCA、PD1、PD-L1、PD-L2、PSMA、Prostase、PAP、PDGFR-β、PCTA-1/半乳凝集素8、p53、p53突变体、prostein、PLAC1、PANX3、PAX3、PAX5、PTCH1、RANK、RAGE-1、ROR1、Ras突变体、RhoC、RU1、RU2、Robol、SSEA-4、SSX2、SART3、Sp17、TSHR、Tn Ag、TGS5、TEM1/CD248、TEM7R、TARP、TCRα、TCRβ、TGFBR1、TGFBR2、TNFRSF4、TWEAK-R、TLR7、TLR9、TAG72、TROP-2、Tie 2、TRP-2、TNFR1、TNFR2、TEM1、UPK2VEGFR、WT1、XAGE1、5T4、8H9、αvβ6整合素、CA9、叶酸受体α、肝配蛋白B2、酪氨酸酶、岩藻糖基GM1、邻-乙酰-GD2、叶酸受体β、多聚唾液酸、精子蛋白17、存活蛋白和端粒酶、肉瘤易位断点、人端粒末端逆转录酶/hTERT、雄激素受体、肠羧基酯酶、细胞周期蛋白B1、纤连蛋白、腱生蛋白、肿瘤坏死区的癌胚变体及其任意组合。
13.一种核酸分子,其编码权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽或权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子。
14.一种载体,其包含编码权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽或权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子的核酸分子。
15.一种工程化细胞,其包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽或权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子。
16.根据权利要求15所述的工程化细胞,其中所述细胞是免疫细胞,所述免疫细胞选自T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、NK细胞和NKT细胞。
17.根据权利要求16所述的工程化细胞,其中所述细胞选自CD4+CD8+T细胞、CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞、CD4-CD8-T细胞、肿瘤浸润细胞、记忆T细胞、幼稚T细胞、γδ-T细胞和αβ-T细胞。
18.根据权利要求15所述的工程化细胞,其中所述细胞是干细胞,所述干细胞选自胚胎干细胞、脐带血干细胞、骨髓干细胞、造血干细胞、间充质干细胞和诱导多能干细胞。
19.根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的工程化细胞,其中所述工程化细胞中,内源性HLA-I类基因、HLA-II类基因、TCR/CD3基因中的一种或多种基因的表达被抑制或沉默。
20.根据权利要求19所述的工程化细胞,其中所述内源性HLA-I类基因选自HLA-A、HLA-B、HLA-C、B2M及其任意组合;所述内源性HLA-II类基因选自HLA-DP、HLA-DQ、HLA-DR、TAP1、TAP2、LMP2、LMP7、RFX5、RFXAP、RFXANK、CIITA及其任意组合;所述TCR/CD3基因选自TRAC、TRBC、CD3γ、CD3δ、CD3ε、CD3ζ及其任意组合。
21.根据权利要求15-20任一项所述的工程化细胞,其中所述工程化细胞中,选自以下的一个或多个内源性基因的表达被抑制或沉默:CD52、GR、dCK、PD1、LAG3、TIM3、CTLA4、PPP2CA、PPP2CB、PTPN6、PTPN22、PDCD1、HAVCR2、BTLA、CD160、TIGIT、CD96、CRTAM、TNFRSF10B、TNFRSF10A、CASP8、CASP10、CASP3、CASP6、CASP7、FADD、FAS、TGFBRII、TGFRBRI、SMAD2、SMAD3、SMAD4、SMAD10、SKI、SKIL、TGIF1、IL10RA、IL10RB、HMOX2、IL6R、IL6ST、EIF2AK4、CSK、PAG1、SIT、FOXP3、PRDM1、BATF、GUCY1A2、GUCY1A3、GUCY1B2和GUCY1B3。
22.一种抗体偶联物,其包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体,以及第二功能性结构,其中所述第二功能性结构选自Fc、放射性同位素、延长半衰期的结构部分、可检测标记物和药物。
23.根据权利要求22所述的抗体偶联物,其中所述延长半衰期的结构部分选自:白蛋白的结合结构、转铁蛋白的结合结构、聚乙二醇分子、重组聚乙二醇分子、人血清白蛋白、人血清白蛋白的片段和结合人血清白蛋白的白多肽;所述可检测标记物选自荧光团、化学发光化合物、生物发光化合物、酶、抗生素抗性基因和造影剂;所述药物选自细胞毒素和免疫调节剂。
24.一种试剂盒,其包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽、权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子、权利要求15-21任一项所述的工程化细胞或权利要求22或23所述的抗体偶联物。
25.一种药物组合物,包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽、权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子、权利要求15-21任一项所述的工程化细胞或权利要求22或23所述的抗体偶联物,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
26.权利要求1-4任一项所述的单域抗体、权利要求5-9任一项所述的嵌合多肽、权利要求10-12任一项所述的多特异性分子、权利要求15-21任一项所述的工程化细胞、权利要求22或23所述的抗体偶联物、或权利要求25所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防和/或诊断与CLL1表达相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
27.根据权利要求26所述的用途,其中所述与CLL1表达相关的疾病选自急性髓样白血病、慢性髓样白血病、慢性粒单核细胞白血病、幼年型髓单核细胞白血病、非典型慢性髓样白血病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、急性单核细胞性白血病、急性红细胞白血病、急性巨核母细胞性白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征、骨髓增生性疾病、髓样新生物、髓样肉瘤、急性浆细胞样树状突细胞新生物、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病、变态反应、哮喘、克罗恩病、IBD、IBS、纤维肌痛、肥大细胞增多症、乳糜泻及其任意组合。
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