CN118404985A - Vibration device, display device including the same, and vehicle device including the vibration device - Google Patents
Vibration device, display device including the same, and vehicle device including the vibration device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118404985A CN118404985A CN202410111863.XA CN202410111863A CN118404985A CN 118404985 A CN118404985 A CN 118404985A CN 202410111863 A CN202410111863 A CN 202410111863A CN 118404985 A CN118404985 A CN 118404985A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vibration
- display
- present disclosure
- exemplary aspect
- transmitting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 97
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 195
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 66
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 45
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 32
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- -1 regions Substances 0.000 description 14
- 101100109978 Arabidopsis thaliana ARP3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101100163122 Arabidopsis thaliana ARPC2A gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101100191082 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GLC7 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101100427547 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ULS1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101100030351 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) dis2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101150117607 dis1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 102100024359 Exosome complex exonuclease RRP44 Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 101000627103 Homo sapiens Exosome complex exonuclease RRP44 Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004713 Cyclic olefin copolymer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium magnesium Chemical compound [Li].[Mg] GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001260 vocal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100039010 Caenorhabditis elegans dis-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ca+2].[Ti+4] WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IOKPLNQRQWZPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ni+2].[Zr+4] IOKPLNQRQWZPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006290 polyethylene naphthalate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical group C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Vibration device, display device comprising a vibration device and vehicle device comprising a vibration device. A vibration apparatus according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a vibration device, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device.
Background
With the social progress toward information, the demand for display devices for displaying images is increasing in various ways.
An electronic apparatus using a display device as a display screen provides a touch screen type user interface to facilitate user input. Display devices capable of touch interface processing are evolving to provide a wider variety of functions.
Display devices including a touch panel or display devices integrated with a touch screen capable of touch sensing based on a touch pen (e.g., a stylus pen) and finger touch sensing based on a finger are widely used.
Recently, haptic techniques are being developed that provide haptic feedback to a user when the user touches a screen of a display device. The display device to which the haptic technology is applied generates attractive force for stimulating the tactile receptors of the human body and stimulates the sense of touch of the user using the attractive force, thereby enabling the user to recognize the touch as well as the texture of the touch.
The description provided in the discussion of the related art section should not be taken as prior art, simply because it is referred to in or associated with that section. The discussion of the related art section may include information describing one or more exemplary aspects of the subject technology, and the description in this section is not limiting of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventors of the present disclosure have recognized problems and disadvantages of the related art, and have performed extensive studies and experiments for implementing a vibration device and a device including the vibration device, which can provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation to a user when a user touch is applied. Based on extensive studies and experiments, the inventors of the present disclosure have invented a novel vibration device that can provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation to a user, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a vibration device, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device that substantially obviate one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
One or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure relate to providing a vibration device that can increase the intensity of an ultrasonic wave generated based on vibration of a display member, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device.
One or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure relate to providing a vibration device that can generate an out-of-plane vibration mode, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the display device.
One or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure relate to providing a vibration device that may vibrate a display member in an out-of-plane vibration mode to provide an ultrasonic vibration or an ultrasonic haptic sensation to a user, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device.
Additional features, advantages, and exemplary aspects of the disclosure are set forth in part in the disclosure and will also be apparent from the disclosure, or may be learned by practice of the inventive concepts provided herein. Other features, advantages, and exemplary aspects of the disclosure may be realized and attained by the structure provided in the specification and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
To achieve these and other advantages and exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, in one or more exemplary aspects, a vibration apparatus may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
In one or exemplary aspects, a display device may include: a display member configured to display an image; one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member; and a connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices. The one or more vibration generating devices may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
In one or more exemplary aspects, the vehicle device may include an instrument panel module in an instrument panel, the instrument panel module including a first display, a driver seat, a passenger seat, and an infotainment module in one or more of the instrument panel, the driver seat, and the passenger seat, the infotainment module including one or more second displays. One or more of the first display and the one or more second displays may include a display member configured to display an image, one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member, and a connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices. The one or more vibration generating devices may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
A vibration device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may generate an out-of-plane vibration mode.
Devices and vehicle devices, each including a vibration device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, may vibrate the display member in an out-of-plane vibration mode of the vibration device to provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic haptic sensation to a user.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, by using the base member and the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion, an in-plane vibration mode based on the vibration of the vibration generating portion may be converted into an out-of-plane vibration mode to vibrate the display member, and thus an ultrasonic vibration or an ultrasonic tactile sensation may be provided to the user.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the base member and the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion may include different materials, and thus, a squeeze film effect generated based on vibration of the display member may be maximized or optimized, thereby enhancing user recognition of virtual textures and/or ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the frequency of ultrasonic haptic sensation or ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized to correspond to the resonance frequency of the vibration object based on the material and thickness of the base member constructing the vibration transmitting portion and/or the material, height, and width of the vibration transmitting member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, a connection process (or an attachment process) and a connection quality (or an attachment performance) between a display member and a vibration device may be improved.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, since the signal supply member and the vibration device are provided as one body, the signal supply member and the vibration device may be configured as one part (or one component), and thus a single materialization effect may be obtained.
Other systems, methods, features, and advantages will be, or will become, apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Nothing in this section should be taken as a limitation on those claims. Additional exemplary aspects and advantages are discussed below in connection with exemplary aspects of the present disclosure.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing description and the following description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure as claimed.
Supplementary note 1. A vibration apparatus includes:
A vibration generating section; and
A vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other,
Wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
Supplementary note 2. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes a metal material or a plastic material.
Supplementary note 3 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, further comprising an adhesive member between the vibration generating portion and each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
Supplementary note 4. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes a line shape.
Supplementary note 5 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes at least one or more transmitting portions.
Supplementary note 6. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein the vibration transmitting portion includes:
a first vibration transmission member connected to a peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion; and
A second vibration transmitting member connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion and surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member.
Supplementary note 7 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 6, wherein each of the first vibration transmitting member and the second vibration transmitting member includes at least one or more transmitting portions.
Supplementary note 8 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein the vibration transmitting portion further includes a base member between the vibration generating portion and the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
Supplementary note 9 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 8, wherein the base member and the plurality of vibration transmitting members include a metal material or a plastic material.
The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 10, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members protrudes from the base member.
Supplementary note 11. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 8, further comprising an adhesive member between the vibration generating portion and the base member.
The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 8, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes a line shape.
Supplementary note 13. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 8, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes at least one or more transmitting portions.
The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 14, wherein the vibration transmitting portion includes:
a first vibration transmission member connected to a peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion; and
And a second vibration transmission member connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the base member and surrounded by the first vibration transmission member.
Supplementary note 15. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 6 or 14, wherein the first vibration transmitting member has the same center point as the second vibration transmitting member.
The vibration device of appendix 14, wherein each of the first and second vibration transfer members includes at least one or more transfer portions.
Supplementary note 17 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein the vibration transmitting portion further includes:
A base member located between the vibration generating portion and the plurality of vibration transmitting members; and
An adhesive member located between the base member and each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
Supplementary note 18 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 8 or 17, wherein at least one of a material, an area, and a thickness of the base member is configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of the vibration object.
Supplementary note 19. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein a size of the vibration layer of the vibration generating portion is configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of the vibration object.
Supplementary note 20. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein at least one of a material, a height and a width of the vibration transmitting member is configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of a vibration object.
Supplementary note 21 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 17, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to include a different material from the base member.
Supplementary note 22. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 17, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to have a material having a rigidity greater than that of the base member.
Supplementary note 23 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 17, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to have a different thickness from the base member.
Supplementary note 24. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 17, wherein,
The base member comprises a metallic material or a plastic material; and
Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes a metallic material or a plastic material different from the base member.
Supplementary note 25 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 17, wherein the vibration transmitting portion further includes:
A first connection portion provided at the base member; and
And a second connection portion provided at each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members in correspondence with the first connection portion.
Supplementary note 26. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 25, wherein,
The first connection portion includes a groove; and
The second connection portion includes a protrusion received in the recess.
Supplementary note 27. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein the vibration generating portion includes:
a first cover member;
a second cover member; and
A vibrating portion between the first cover member and the second cover member, the vibrating portion including a piezoelectric material.
Supplementary note 28 the vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 27, wherein the vibration portion includes a vibration layer, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer, and
Wherein each of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is provided at other portions of the vibration layer than the peripheral portion.
Supplementary note 29. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 28, wherein,
The vibration generating part further includes a signal supplying member electrically connected with the vibration part; and
A portion of the signal supply member is accommodated between the first cover member and the second cover member.
Supplementary note 30. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 29, wherein the signal supply member is integrated into the vibration generating portion.
Supplementary note 31. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 1, wherein,
The vibration generating section includes:
A first vibration generating section;
a second vibration generating portion stacked on the first vibration generating portion; and
An intermediate adhesive member between the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion, and
Wherein one of the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion is connected to the vibration transmitting portion.
The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 32, wherein each of the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion includes:
a first cover member;
a second cover member; and
A vibrating portion between the first cover member and the second cover member, the vibrating portion including a piezoelectric material.
Supplementary note 33. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 32, wherein,
Each of the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion further includes a signal supply member electrically connected to the vibration portion; and
Wherein a portion of the signal supply member is accommodated between the first cover member and the second cover member.
Supplementary note 34. The vibration apparatus according to supplementary note 33, wherein the signal supply member is integrated into the first vibration generating portion or the second vibration generating portion.
Supplementary note 35. A display device, the display device comprising:
a display member configured to display an image;
one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member; and
A connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices,
Wherein the one or more vibration generating devices comprise a vibration device according to one of the supplementary notes 1 to 34.
Supplementary note 36 the display device according to supplementary note 35, wherein the one or more vibration generating devices are driven simultaneously.
Supplementary note 37. The display device according to supplementary note 35, wherein the one or more vibration generating devices vibrate the display member according to a driving signal to generate ultrasonic vibrations at a surface of the display member.
Supplementary note 38 the display device according to supplementary note 37, wherein the driving signal is an amplitude modulated signal of an ultrasonic signal based on a low frequency signal.
Supplementary note 39 the display device according to supplementary note 38, wherein the low frequency signal has one or more frequencies from 100Hz to 600 Hz.
Supplementary note 40. The display device according to supplementary note 35, wherein the vibration device is connected to the rear surface of the display member through an air gap with the rear surface of the display member.
Supplementary note 41 the display device according to supplementary note 35, wherein the display member includes:
A display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display the image; and
And a touch panel coupled with the display panel.
Supplementary note 42. The display device according to supplementary note 35, wherein the display member includes:
A front member;
A display panel at a rear surface of the front member, the display panel comprising a plurality of pixels configured to display the image; and
A touch panel between the front member and the display panel.
Supplementary note 43 the display device of supplementary note 35, further comprising an acoustic device comprising one or more sound generating devices configured to vibrate the display member.
Supplementary note 44 the display device of supplementary note 43, wherein the one or more sound generating devices include:
A vibration generating section; and
And a vibration transmission portion including a plurality of vibration transmission members configured to transmit the vibration of the vibration generation portion to the display member.
Supplementary note 45. The display device according to supplementary note 44, wherein the one or more vibration generating devices include the vibration device according to supplementary note 28, wherein a thickness of a vibration layer of the vibration device included in the display device is greater than a thickness of a vibration layer of a vibration generating portion of the acoustic device.
Supplementary note 46. A vehicle apparatus, the vehicle apparatus includes:
A dashboard;
A dashboard module at the dashboard, the dashboard module comprising a first display;
a driver seat;
A passenger seat; and
An infotainment module at one or more of the dashboard, the driver's seat, and the passenger seat, the infotainment module including one or more second displays,
Wherein one or more of the first display and the one or more second displays comprise:
a display member configured to display an image;
one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member; and
A connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices, and
Wherein the one or more vibration generating devices comprise a vibration device according to one of the supplementary notes 1 to 34.
Supplementary note 47. The vehicle apparatus according to supplementary note 46, wherein the one or more vibration generating apparatuses vibrate the display member according to a driving signal to generate ultrasonic vibrations at a surface of the display member.
Supplementary note 48 the vehicle apparatus according to supplementary note 47, wherein the driving signal is an amplitude modulation signal of an ultrasonic signal based on a low frequency signal.
Supplementary note 49 the vehicle apparatus according to supplementary note 46, wherein the display member includes:
A display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display the image; and
And a touch panel coupled with the display panel.
The vehicle apparatus of supplementary note 46, wherein the display member includes:
A front member;
A display panel at a rear surface of the front member, the display panel comprising a plurality of pixels configured to display the image; and
A touch panel between the front member and the display panel.
The vehicle device of appendix 51, appendix 46, wherein one or more of the first display and the one or more second displays further comprise an acoustic device comprising one or more sound generating devices configured to vibrate the display member.
Supplementary note 52 the vehicle apparatus of supplementary note 51, wherein the one or more sound generating apparatuses include:
A vibration generating section; and
And a vibration transmission portion including a plurality of vibration transmission members and configured to transmit the vibration of the vibration generation portion to the display member.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary aspects of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 illustrates vibration transmission of a vibration transmission portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 illustrates the positioning of each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members illustrated in fig. 5 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration apparatus shown in fig. 11 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 is another cross-sectional view of a display device taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a sectional view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 13 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 15 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 14 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 16 is another cross-sectional view of a display device taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 17 is a sectional view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 16 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 18 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 17 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 19 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 20 is a rear view of the display member and the plurality of vibration devices shown in fig. 19.
Fig. 21 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 22 illustrates a vibration generating portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration generating portion taken along line II-II' shown in fig. 22 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration generating portion taken along line III-III' shown in fig. 22, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 25 illustrates a vibration layer according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 26 illustrates a vibration layer according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 27 illustrates a vibration generating portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 28 illustrates a vehicle apparatus according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 29 illustrates frequency-based displacement of a display device according to an experimental example and frequency-based displacement of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 30A to 30F illustrate vibration fields corresponding to vibration displacements of a display member in a display device according to an experimental example and a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 31A to 31C illustrate vibration fields corresponding to vibration displacements of a display member in a display device including the vibration generating portions illustrated in fig. 8 and 9 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 32 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device based on a size of a vibration layer in the vibration device of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 33 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device based on the thickness of the base member illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 in the vibration device of the display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 34 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device based on the height of the vibration transmitting member illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 in the vibration device of the display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Fig. 35 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device based on the width of the vibration transmitting member illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 in the vibration device of the display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Throughout the drawings and detailed description, unless otherwise described, like reference numerals should be understood to refer to like elements, features or structures. The size, length and thickness of layers, regions and elements and depictions thereof may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration and/or convenience.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, examples of which may be illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a detailed description of well-known functions or configurations may be omitted for the sake of brevity when such detailed description of a well-known function, structure or configuration may unnecessarily obscure exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. In addition, duplicate descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity. The performance of the described process steps and/or operations is a non-limiting example.
The order of steps and/or operations is not limited to the order set forth herein and may be altered to occur in other than the order described herein, except for steps and/or operations which must occur in a specific order. In one or more examples, two operations in succession may be executed substantially concurrently or the operations may be executed in the reverse order or the different order, depending upon the functionality or operations involved.
Unless otherwise indicated, like reference numerals may refer to like elements throughout even when they are shown in different drawings. In one or more exemplary aspects, the same elements (or elements having the same names) in different figures may have the same or substantially the same function and characteristics, unless otherwise indicated. The names of the individual elements used in the following explanation are chosen for convenience only, and thus may be different from those used in actual products.
Advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods of accomplishing the same are illustrated by the exemplary aspects described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary aspects set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary aspects are examples and are provided so that this disclosure may be thorough and complete to assist those skilled in the art in understanding the inventive concepts without limiting the scope of the disclosure.
The shapes (e.g., size, length, width, height, thickness, location, radius, diameter, and area), dimensions, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. (including those shown in the figures) disclosed herein are merely examples, and thus, the disclosure is not limited to the details shown. Any implementation described herein as "example" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. It should be noted, however, that the relative sizes of the components shown in the drawings are part of this disclosure.
Where terms such as "comprising," "having," "including," "containing," "constituting," "made of … …," "formed of … …," and the like are used with respect to one or more elements, one or more other elements may be added unless a term such as "only" or the like is used. The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing exemplary aspects only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Terms in the singular may include plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The word "exemplary" is used to mean serving as an example or illustration, unless stated otherwise. Aspects are exemplary aspects. "aspect," "example," and the like should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Unless otherwise indicated, an aspect, example, exemplary aspect, etc. may refer to one or more aspects, one or more examples, one or more exemplary aspects, etc. Furthermore, the term "may" encompasses all meanings of the term "may".
In one or more exemplary aspects, unless explicitly stated otherwise, elements, features, or corresponding information (e.g., levels, ranges, dimensions, sizes, etc.) are to be construed as including errors or tolerance ranges even if no explicit description of such errors or tolerance ranges is provided. Errors or tolerance ranges may be caused by various factors (e.g., process factors, internal or external influences, noise, etc.). In interpreting the values, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the values are to be construed as including error ranges.
Where a positional relationship between two portions (e.g., layers, films, regions, components, sections, etc.) is described, for example, "over … …," "over … …," "on top of … …," "over … …," "under … …," "over … …," "under … …," "under … …," "near … …," "adjacent," "beside … …," "near … …," "at … … side or side," etc., one or more other portions may be located between the two portions unless more restrictive terms such as "immediately (ground)", "directly (ground)" or "closely (ground)" are used. For example, where a structure is described as being positioned "on", "over", "atop", "above", "under", "above", "below", "beside", "on one side or side", "near", "adjacent" another structure, etc., the description should be construed to include instances where the structures are in contact with each other as well as instances where one or more additional structures are disposed or interposed therebetween. Furthermore, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "downward," "upward," "upper," "lower," "upward," "downward," "column," "row," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like refer to any frame of reference.
Spatially relative terms, such as "under …," "under …," "under," "on …," "over …," "upper," and the like, may be used to describe interrelationships between various elements (e.g., layers, films, regions, components, segments, etc.) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms are to be understood as comprising the terms of different orientations of the elements in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the element shown in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements would then be oriented "above" the other elements. Thus, the term "below …" as an exemplary term may include all directions "above …" and "below …". Similarly, the exemplary terms "on …" or "above …" may include all directions "above …" and "below ….
In describing the temporal relationship, the temporal order is described as, for example, "after …," "subsequent," "next," "before …," "prior," etc., may include a discontinuous or non-sequential case, and thus one or more other events may occur therebetween unless more restrictive terms such as "just," "immediately (ground)" or "directly (ground)" are used.
Terms such as "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like may be used herein to describe elements' relationships between each other as illustrated in the figures. It should be understood that these terms are spatially relative and based on the orientation depicted in the figures.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements (e.g., layers, films, regions, components, sections, etc.), these elements should not be limited by these terms to, for example, any particular order, priority, or number of elements. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Further, the first element, the second element, etc. may be arbitrarily named according to the convenience of those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For clarity, the function or structure of these elements (e.g., first element, second element, etc.) is not limited by the ordinal number or name of the element in front. Further, the first element may include one or more first elements. Similarly, the second element or the like may include one or more second elements or the like.
In describing elements of the present disclosure, the terms "first," "second," "a," "B," etc. may be used. These terms are intended to distinguish one element from another element, and they are not used to define the nature, basis, order, or number of elements.
For an element (e.g., a layer, film, region, component, section, etc.) that is described as being "connected," "coupled," "attached," "adhered," etc. to another element, unless otherwise indicated, the element may be directly connected, coupled, adhered, etc. to the other element, but may be indirectly connected, coupled, adhered, etc. to the other element with one or more intervening elements disposed or interposed therebetween.
For the purposes of this description, an element (e.g., layer, film, region, component, section, etc.) that is "in contact with," "overlapping with" or the like another element can be in not only direct contact with, overlapping with, etc. the other element, but also indirect contact with, overlapping with, etc. the other element, with one or more intervening elements interposed therebetween, unless otherwise indicated.
The phrase "provided in," "disposed in," etc. an element (e.g., layer, film, region, component, section, etc.) may be understood as having at least a portion of the element provided in, disposed in, etc. another element, or the entirety of the element provided in, disposed in, etc. another element. The phrase "contacting," "overlapping," etc. of an element (e.g., layer, film, region, component, section, etc.) with another element can be understood as at least a portion of the element contacting, overlapping, etc. with at least a portion of the other element, the entirety of the element contacting, overlapping, etc. with at least a portion of the other element, or the entirety of the element contacting, overlapping, etc.
Terms such as "line" or "direction" should not be interpreted based solely on the geometric relationship of the respective lines or directions being parallel or perpendicular to each other. Such terms may refer to a broader range of lines or directions in which components of the present disclosure may functionally operate. For example, the terms "first direction," "second direction," and the like (such as directions parallel to or perpendicular to the "x-axis," "y-axis," or "z-axis") should not be construed based solely on the geometric relationship of the respective directions to each other being parallel or perpendicular, and may refer to directions having a wider directionality within the scope in which components of the present disclosure may operate functionally.
The term "at least one" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, each of the phrases "at least one of a first item, a second item, or a third item" and "at least one of a first item, a second item, and a third item" may represent (i) a combination of items provided by two or more of the first item, the second item, and the third item, or (ii) only one of the first item, the second item, or the third item.
The expression first element, second element, "and/or" third element "should be understood to encompass one of the first, second, and third elements and any and all combinations of the first, second, and third elements. For example A, B and/or C encompass: only A; only B; only C; A. either of B and C (e.g., A, B or C); or A, B and C (e.g., A and B; A and C; or B and C); and A, B and C. Furthermore, the expression "a/B" may be understood as a and/or B. For example, the expression "A/B" may refer to: only A; only B; a or B; or A and B.
In one or more exemplary aspects, the terms "between … …" and "within … …" may be used simply interchangeably for convenience, unless otherwise indicated. For example, the expression "between elements" may be understood as among the elements. In another example, the expression "among a plurality of elements" may be understood as being between a plurality of elements. In one or more examples, the number of elements may be two. In one or more examples, the number of elements may be more than two. Further, when an element (e.g., a layer, film, region, component, section, etc.) is referred to as being "between" at least two elements, it can be the only element between the at least two elements or one or more intervening elements may also be present.
In one or more exemplary aspects, the phrases "each other" and "mutually" may be used simply interchangeably for convenience, unless otherwise indicated. For example, the expressions "different from each other" may be understood as being different from each other. In another example, the expressions "mutually different" may be understood as being different from each other. In one or more examples, the number of elements referred to in the foregoing description may be two. In one or more examples, the number of elements referred to in the foregoing description may be more than two.
In one or more exemplary aspects, unless otherwise indicated, the phrases "one or more of …" and "one or more of …" may be used simply interchangeably for convenience.
The term "or" means "inclusive or" rather than "exclusive or". That is, unless otherwise indicated or clear from the context, the expression "x uses a or b" refers to any one of the natural inclusive permutations. For example, "a or b" may mean "a", "b" or "a and b". For example, "a, b, or c" may mean "a", "b", "c", "a and b", "b and c", "a and c", or "a, b, and c".
Features of various exemplary aspects of the disclosure may be coupled or combined with each other, partially or wholly, may be technically associated with each other, and may be operated, linked, or driven together in various ways. The exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented or performed independently of each other or together in interdependent or related relationships. In one or more exemplary aspects, components of each apparatus according to various exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are operably coupled and configured.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the exemplary aspects belong. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The terms used herein have been selected to be general in the related art; however, other terms may exist depending on the development and/or modification of the technology, practices, preferences of the skilled artisan, and the like. Accordingly, the terms used herein should not be construed as limiting the technical idea, but should be construed as examples of terms used to describe exemplary aspects.
Furthermore, in certain cases, the terms may be arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in such cases, detailed meanings thereof are described herein. Accordingly, the terms used herein should be understood based not only on the names of the terms but also on the meanings of the terms and their contents.
The "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction" and "Z-axis direction" should not be interpreted by only geometric relationships in a mutually perpendicular relationship, and may have a broader directionality insofar as the elements of the present disclosure may function functionally.
In the present disclosure, a "display device" may include a display device such as a display module (or a display member) including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel. Further, the display module may include a packaged electronic device or a packaged device (or a packaged device) such as a notebook computer, a television, a computer monitor, an instrument device including an automobile device or another type of device for a vehicle, or a mobile electronic device such as a smart phone or an electronic board, which is an integrated product (or a final product) including a display module such as a liquid crystal display module and a light emitting display module (e.g., an organic light emitting display module, a quantum dot display module), or the like.
Accordingly, in the present disclosure, examples of the apparatus may include a display apparatus itself such as a liquid crystal display module or an organic light emitting display module, and a kit including the liquid crystal display module or the organic light emitting display module, etc., as a final consumer device or an application product.
The display panel applied to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may use any type of display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, etc., but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited. For example, the display panel may be a display panel capable of generating (or outputting) one or more of sound and vibration by being vibrated by the vibration apparatus according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. A display panel applied to a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited to the shape or size of the display panel. For example, the shape of the display panel may include rectangular, square, circular, oval, polygonal, etc., and the size of the display panel may include a large display panel, a small display panel, a micro display panel, etc., but is not limited thereto.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, when the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively disposed at crossing regions of the gate lines and the data lines. Further, the liquid crystal display panel may be configured to include a first substrate including a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), which is a switching element for adjusting light transmittance of each of a plurality of pixels, a second substrate including a color filter and/or a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, when the display panel is an organic light emitting display panel, the organic light emitting display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively disposed in crossing regions of the gate lines and the data lines. Further, the organic light emitting display panel may include a substrate including a TFT, which is an element for selectively applying a voltage to each of a plurality of pixels, an organic light emitting device layer located on the substrate, and an encapsulation layer (or encapsulation substrate) disposed at the substrate to cover the organic light emitting device layer, and the like. The package substrate may protect the TFT and the organic light emitting device layer, etc., from external impacts such as external forces applied to or by a user when the display device is dropped, and may prevent or reduce penetration of foreign substances such as moisture or oxygen into the organic light emitting device layer. In addition, the organic light emitting device layer may further include an inorganic light emitting layer (e.g., a nanoscale material layer and/or a quantum dot light emitting layer, etc.). As another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the organic light emitting device layer may become a micro light emitting diode or a mini light emitting diode.
In the present disclosure, the display device including the vibration device may be applied to a vehicle by being implemented as a user interface device such as a central control panel in an automobile or the like. For example, a user interface device for a vehicle may be disposed between two front seats or at other locations in the front of the vehicle so that sound generated based on vibration of the display module may be transmitted to the interior of the vehicle. Therefore, the audio experience in the vehicle can be improved as compared with the case where the speaker is provided inside the vehicle. Further, each vibration device and all components of each display device including the vibration device according to all exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are operably coupled and configured.
In the following description, various exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. With respect to the reference numerals of the elements of each drawing, the same elements may be shown in other drawings, and the same reference numerals may refer to the same elements unless otherwise specified. The same or similar elements may be denoted by the same reference numerals even though they are depicted in different drawings. Further, for convenience of description, the scale, size, and thickness of each element shown in the drawings may be different from actual scale, size, and thickness, and thus, exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited to the scale, size, and thickness shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a display device according to an exemplary aspect (or a first exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure may be configured to sense one or more of a finger touch based on a finger 10 and a touch based on a stylus (e.g., a stylus). For example, a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be a display device to which a touch panel is added or a display device in which a touch screen is integrated. For example, a display apparatus according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be used as a display apparatus of a mobile electronic device such as a mobile phone, a smart glasses, a smart watch, a tablet Personal Computer (PC) or a watch phone, a smart television, an electronic whiteboard, a two-way information transmission transparent display, a two-way digital signage, a netbook computer, a laptop computer, a monitor, a washing machine, or a refrigerator, etc., but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
The display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a display member 100 and a vibration device 500.
The display member 100 may be configured to display an image and output (or generate) ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation based on the vibration of the vibration device 500. For example, the display member 100 may be used as a vibration plate of the vibration apparatus 500.
The display member 100 may include a display panel 110 and a touch panel 120.
The display panel 110 may be used to display an image. For example, the display panel 110 may include a plurality of pixels configured to display an image. The image may comprise an electronic image, a digital image, a still image, a video image, or the like. For example, the display panel 110 may be an organic light emitting display panel including a plurality of pixels implementing black/white or color images, but the type of display panel is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel 110 may include a liquid crystal display panel, a plasma display panel, an electrophoretic display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, a mini light emitting diode display panel, an electrowetting display panel, or an inorganic light emitting display panel such as a nano-sized material layer and/or a quantum dot light emitting display panel, etc. Hereinafter, an example in which the display panel 110 is an organic light emitting display panel will be described, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The organic light emitting display panel may include a base substrate, a display portion, and a plate member, but is not limited thereto.
The base substrate may be configured to include one or more of a glass material and a plastic material. The plastic material may be configured as Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyarylate (PAR), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), or Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC), etc., but is not limited thereto. The display portion may include a pixel array portion having a plurality of pixels disposed at pixel regions provided by a plurality of gate lines and/or a plurality of data lines, respectively. Each of the plurality of pixels may include an organic light emitting layer. The plate member may be configured to cover the display portion. The plate member may be attached to the display portion by an adhesive member. The plate member may protect the display portion or the display panel from external impact such as external force applied when the display device is dropped or applied to the display device by a user, and may prevent or reduce penetration of foreign substances such as moisture or oxygen into the organic light emitting layer or the organic light emitting device layer.
The display panel 110 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include an encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer may be disposed between the display portion and the adhesive member to directly surround the display portion. The encapsulation layer may be configured to prevent or reduce penetration of foreign substances such as moisture or oxygen into the organic light emitting layer or the organic light emitting device layer. The encapsulation layer may be formed in an inorganic material layer or an organic material layer, or may be formed in a multi-layered structure in which inorganic material layers and organic material layers are alternately stacked, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the encapsulation layer may be omitted based on the structure of the display panel 110.
The touch panel (or touch screen) 120 may be configured to sense a user touch applied to the display member 100. For example, the touch panel 120 may be configured to sense a user touch based on a stylus (e.g., a stylus) or finger 10. The touch panel 120 may be coupled, connected, or integrated with the display panel 110. For example, the display panel 110 may be an organic light emitting display panel in which a touch screen is integrated.
The touch panel 120 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be configured to cover a front surface of the display panel 110. For example, the touch panel 120 may be provided to cover the front surface of the base substrate or the front surface of the plate member.
The touch panel 120 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be configured between the display portion of the display panel 110 and the plate member, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the touch panel 120 may be disposed within a pixel array portion of the display panel 110. In this case, the touch panel 120 may be an in-cell (in-cell) touch panel, a touch electrode layer, or a touch sensor layer, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The touch panel 120 may include an electrode structure corresponding to a mutual capacitance type configured such that a plurality of touch driving electrodes and a plurality of touch sensing electrodes cross each other, or a self capacitance type configured only with a plurality of touch sensing electrodes, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The display member 100 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include a front member 130 at a front surface of the display panel 110.
The front member 130 may constitute a foremost structure of the display device and may protect a screen of the display panel 110. The front member 130 may be disposed at the front surface of the display panel 110. For example, the front member 130 may cover the front surface (or screen) of the display panel 110, and thus may protect the display panel 110 and the touch panel 120 from external impacts such as external forces applied when the display device is dropped or applied to the display device by a user. For example, the front member 130 may be disposed at the front surface of the touch panel 120. For example, the touch panel 120 may be disposed between the front member 130 and the display panel 110. For example, the touch panel 120 may be connected or attached to the rear surface of the front member 130.
The front member 130 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a transparent plastic material, a glass material, or a tempered glass material, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the front member 130 may include a front structure, a front window, a cover window, a glass window, a cover screen, a screen cover, a glass pane, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The display apparatus according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may further include a support member 300. The support member 300 may be disposed or provided at the rear surface (or rear surface side) 100a of the display member 100. The support member 300 may be configured to cover or surround the rear surface 100a of the display member 100.
The support member 300 may include an inner space 300s covering the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the support member 300 may have a box shape in which one side (or a part or an upper side or an upper portion) of the inner space 300s is opened. The internal space 300s may be referred to as a gap space, an air gap, an accommodation space, a vibration space, or a resonance box, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The support member 300 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first support portion 310 and a second support portion 330.
The first support portion 310 may be at the rear surface (or rear surface side) 100a of the display member 100. For example, the first support portion 310 may be configured to cover the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the first support portion 310 may be configured to cover the entire rear surface 100a of the display panel 110. The first support portion 310 may be spaced apart from the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 (or the display panel 110). For example, the first support portion 310 may be spaced apart from the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 (or the display panel 110) with the inner space 300s therebetween. For example, the first support portion 310 may be a bottom, a bottom plate, a support plate, a housing plate, or a housing bottom, etc., but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The second support portion 330 may be at a peripheral portion of the display member 100. For example, the second support portion 330 may be configured or disposed at a peripheral portion of the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the second support portion 330 may be connected to a peripheral portion of the first support portion 310. For example, the second support portion 330 may include a structure in which a peripheral portion of the first support portion 310 is curved. For example, the second support portion 330 may be a side portion, a side wall, a support side wall, a housing side surface, or a housing side wall, etc., but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The second support portion 330 may be integrated into the first support portion 310. For example, the first support portion 310 and the second support portion 330 may be integrated, and thus, the inner space 300s surrounded by the second support portion 330 may be provided on the first support portion 310. Accordingly, the support member 300 may include a box shape in which one side (or a portion, such as an upper side or an upper portion) may be opened by the first support portion 310 and the second support portion 330, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the box shape.
The display apparatus according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may further include a coupling member 200 between the display member 100 and the support member 300.
The support member 300 may be coupled or connected to the display member 100 through the coupling member 200. The support member 300 may be connected or coupled to the rear peripheral portion of the display member 100 by the coupling member 200. For example, the support member 300 may be connected or coupled to the rear peripheral portion of the front member 130 by the coupling member 200, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the support member 300 may be connected or coupled to the rear peripheral portion of the front member 130 by the coupling member 200, and may be configured to surround a side surface (or side surface) of each of the touch panel 120 and the display panel 110. For example, the support member 300 may surround all side surfaces of each of the touch panel 120, the display panel 110, and the vibration device 500. For example, each of the touch panel 120, the display panel 110, and the vibration device 500 may be received (or inserted) into the inner space 300s of the support member 300.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the front member 130 of the display member 100 may be omitted. In this case, the coupling member 200 may be disposed between the display panel 110 and the support member 300. For example, when the front member 130 is omitted, the coupling member 200 may be disposed between the rear peripheral portion of the display panel 110 and the front peripheral portion of the first support portion 310.
The vibration device 500 may be disposed at the rear surface (or rear surface side) 100a of the display member 100. For example, the vibration device 500 may be configured to vibrate the display member 100. For example, the vibration device 500 may vibrate the display member 100 to generate (or output) ultrasonic waves USW. The vibration device 500 may vibrate based on a driving signal applied from the driving circuit portion to vibrate or displace the display member 100, and thus may generate (or output) ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic touch. For example, the vibration apparatus 500 may vibrate the display member 100 to generate (or output) ultrasonic vibrations to a surface (or screen) of the display member 100. For example, when the user touches the surface (or screen) of the display member 100 with the finger 10 or the stylus pen, the vibration device 500 may generate (or output) ultrasonic waves USW so that the user recognizes ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic touch sense through the finger 10 or the stylus pen (e.g., stylus pen). For example, the user's finger 10 or a stylus (e.g., a stylus) may be a touch object. In the following description, the touch object 10 may be a user's finger 10 or a stylus (e.g., a stylus).
The squeeze film effect may be generated based on the ultrasonic USW generated (or output) by the vibration of the display member 100 due to the vibration of the vibration device 500. The squeeze film effect may be referred to as surface ultrasonic lubrication, which may change the friction coefficient (or friction force) between the touch object 10 and the display member 100 by changing the surface friction coefficient of the display member 100 to achieve a fine texture or roughness recognizable to the user. Accordingly, when there is a user touch, the vibration apparatus 500 may generate the ultrasonic waves USW corresponding to the haptic drive signal to change the friction coefficient (or friction force) between the touch object 10 and the display member 100, and thus may provide a virtual texture effect to the touch object 10, thereby providing a virtual texture equal to or similar to an actual texture to the user.
The vibration device 500 according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be configured to generate an out-of-plane vibration mode. For example, the vibration apparatus 500 may vibrate the display member 100 in an out-of-plane vibration mode to provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation to the user. For example, the out-of-plane vibration mode may be vertical direction vibration, thickness direction vibration, or longitudinal vibration. For example, the out-of-plane vibration mode may be vertical direction vibration, thickness direction vibration, or longitudinal vibration with respect to the display member 100. For example, the display member 100 may be supplied with out-of-plane vibrations from the vibration device 500 to vibrate (or shift or drive), and thus may generate (or output) the ultrasonic waves USW.
The vibration device 500 may be configured to include a piezoelectric material or an electroactive material having piezoelectric characteristics. For example, the vibration device 500 may be an active vibration member, a vibration generating device, a vibration generating apparatus, an ultrasonic vibration device, an ultrasonic generating device, a haptic vibration apparatus, a haptic generating device, or a haptic generating apparatus, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration apparatus 500 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include one or more vibration generating portions 510 and a vibration transmitting portion 530.
The one or more vibration generating portions 510 may include a piezoelectric material having piezoelectric characteristics. The one or more vibration generating portions 510 may be configured to include a ceramic-based piezoelectric material capable of achieving relatively strong vibrations, or may be configured to include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. For example, the one or more vibration generating portions 510 may be a vibration device, a vibration generating device, a vibration membrane, a vibration generating membrane, a vibrator, a vibration generator, an active vibrator, an active vibration generator, an actuator, an exciter, a membrane actuator, a membrane exciter, an ultrasonic actuator, an active vibration member, or the like, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The one or more vibration generating portions 510 may autonomously vibrate (or shift or drive) based on vibration (or shift or drive) of the piezoelectric material based on a drive signal applied to the piezoelectric material. The one or more vibration generating portions 510 may alternately repeat contraction and/or expansion to vibrate (or displace or drive) by a piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric property). For example, the one or more vibration generating portions 510 may alternately and repeatedly perform contraction and/or expansion based on an inverse piezoelectric effect to vibrate (or shift or drive) in an in-plane vibration mode. For example, the in-plane vibration mode may be horizontal vibration or lateral vibration. For example, the in-plane vibration mode may be horizontal vibration or lateral vibration with respect to the display member 100.
The one or more vibration generating sections 510 may vibrate based on the driving signal to generate (or output) ultrasonic waves USW having a frequency of 20kHz or more (e.g., 30 kHz). For example, the drive signal may be an ultrasonic drive signal or a haptic drive signal, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The drive signal according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may have a frequency of 20kHz or higher (e.g., 30 kHz). For example, the driving signal may have the same or different frequency as the resonance frequency of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 to generate ultrasonic resonance.
The driving signals according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include an ultrasonic signal and a texture signal to provide a virtual texture to a user using a squeeze film effect. For example, the ultrasonic signal may have a frequency of 20kHz or higher (e.g., 30 kHz). For example, the texture signal may have a low frequency signal or a virtual texture signal, and may have a frequency of 100Hz to 600Hz (e.g., 300 Hz). For example, based on the texture (or surface roughness) of the textured object, the texture signal may have one or more frequencies (e.g., 200Hz,300Hz,500Hz, etc.) of 100Hz to 600 Hz. For example, the textured object may include one or more materials of paper, plastic, rubber, leather, fur, fabric, cloth, glass, mirror, wood, or metal, etc., but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The driving signal according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be an amplitude modulation signal of an ultrasonic signal using a low frequency signal, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the driving signal may be generated by amplitude modulation of an ultrasonic signal based on a low frequency signal of 100Hz to 600Hz (e.g., 200Hz,300Hz,500Hz, etc.), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Accordingly, the user can recognize a virtual texture corresponding to the frequency of the texture signal instead of the texture of the display member 100 based on the change in the friction coefficient (or friction force) between the display member 100 and the touch object 10 based on the ultrasonic waves USW included in the frequency of the texture signal.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to transmit the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 to the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be a vibration conversion member, a vibration mode conversion member, or a converter, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode (e.g., a first vibration mode) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 into an out-of-plane vibration mode (e.g., a second vibration mode) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode transmitted to the display member 100 into an out-of-plane vibration mode based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode into an out-of-plane vibration mode based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 and transmit the converted out-of-plane vibration mode to the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to convert an ultrasonic vibration direction (or lateral vibration or horizontal direction vibration) transmitted to the display member 100 into a thickness direction vibration (or longitudinal vibration) of the display member 100 based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may convert the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 into normal direction vibration (or horizontal direction vibration) or thickness direction vibration (or longitudinal direction vibration) of the display member 100 with respect to the surface of the vibration generating portion 510, and may allow the normal direction vibration or thickness direction vibration of the display member 100 to be transmitted to the display member 100, thereby improving (or maximizing) efficiency of the squeeze film effect generated based on the vibration of the display member 100.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to include a material having a relatively high rigidity or a material having a modulus or young's modulus of 1GPa or more (e.g., 2 GPa) to transmit the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 to the display member 100.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a metal material or a plastic material.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the metal material of the vibration transmitting part 530 may include any one or more materials of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy, magnesium (Mg), mg alloy, copper (Cu) alloy, and magnesium lithium (mg—li) alloy, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to include a plastic material, such as a plastic or styrene material, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the plastic material of the vibration transmitting part 530 may be configured as Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyarylate (PAR), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polysulfone (PSF), polyether sulfone (PES), or Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC), etc., but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the styrene material may be an ABS material. ABS materials may be acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene.
One or more vibration generating portions 510 may be attached or connected to the vibration transmitting portion 530. For example, one or more vibration generating portions 510 may be adhered or connected to a first surface (e.g., rear surface) 531a of the vibration transmitting portion 530 by an adhesive member 560. For example, the adhesive member 560 may be a first connection member or a first adhesive member, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The adhesive member 560 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be a double-sided tape, an adhesive, a double-sided adhesive, a bonding agent, a thermosetting resin, or the like, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive member 560 may include one or more of a heat curable adhesive, a photo curable adhesive, and a thermal bonding adhesive (or a thermosetting adhesive). For example, the adhesive member 560 may include a thermal bonding adhesive. The thermal bonding adhesive may be of a thermally active type or a thermally curable type. For example, the adhesive member 560 including the thermal bonding adhesive may attach or couple the one or more vibration generating portion 510 and the vibration transmitting portion 530 by heat and pressure. For example, the adhesive member 560 including a thermal bonding adhesive (or a thermosetting adhesive) may minimize or reduce or prevent vibration loss of the one or more vibration generating portions 510.
The adhesive member 560 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include vibration transmitting particles. For example, the vibration transfer particles may reduce or prevent or minimize vibration loss transferred from the one or more vibration generating portions 510 to the vibration transfer portion 530. For example, the vibration transmitting particles may be included in an adhesive material such as a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA), an Optically Clear Adhesive (OCA), or an Optically Clear Resin (OCR) or in a piezoelectric material (or a metal material, a metal nanowire, or a metal nanoparticle), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration apparatus 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be connected or coupled to the display member 100. For example, the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be connected to or supported at the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by the connection member 400. For example, the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be partially (or partially) connected to the rear surface 100a of the display panel 110 or partially (or partially) supported at the rear surface 100a of the display panel 110 by the connection member 400. For example, the connection member 400 may be a second connection member or a second adhesive member, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The connection member 400 may include a material or an adhesive material for preventing or reducing or minimizing loss of vibration (or vibration force or displacement force) transmitted from the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 to the display member 100. For example, the connection member 400 may include a material or an adhesive material having a modulus or young's modulus equal to or similar to that of the vibration transmission portion 530 to transmit the vibration of the vibration transmission portion 530 to the display member 100 without loss.
The connection member 400 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may have a modulus of 1GPa (giga pa) or more (e.g., 2 GPa). For example, the connection member 400 may have a modulus of 1GPa to 10GPa (e.g., 5 GPa), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, when the display device according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure is applied to an in-vehicle device (or a vehicle) and the connection member 400 includes a material or an adhesive material having a modulus of 1GPa or more (e.g., 2 GPa), the transmission efficiency of the vibration force (or displacement force) transmitted from the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmission portion 530 to the display member 100 may be improved, and the transmission efficiency of the vibration force (or displacement force) transmitted from the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmission portion 530 to the display member 100 may not be reduced under the high-temperature environment and the low-temperature environment.
The material or adhesive material of the connection member 400 according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include epoxy or cyanoacrylate, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The material or adhesive material of the connection member 400 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include, for example, a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA), an Optically Clear Adhesive (OCA), an Optically Clear Resin (OCR), an epoxy, an acrylic, a silicone, a urethane resin, or the like, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the connection member 400 may include an acrylic-based adhesive material (or substance) having characteristics of better adhesion and higher hardness.
When the display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is applied to an off-vehicle device instead of an on-vehicle device, the connection member 400 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may have a modulus (or young's modulus) of less than 1 GPa. For example, the connection member 400 may have a modulus of 10MPa (megapascals) or less (e.g., 8 GPa). For example, the connection member 400 may have a modulus of 1MPa to 10MPa (e.g., 5 GPa), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, when the connection member 400 has a modulus of less than 1GPa or 10MPa or less, the connection member 400 may have a thickness (e.g., 250 μm) of 1 μm or more and 0.5mm (millimeters) or less in order to prevent or minimize or reduce loss of vibration (or vibration force) transmitted from the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 to the display member 100 caused by a relatively low modulus, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the connection member 400 may include a double-sided adhesive, a double-sided tape, a double-sided foam pad, an adhesive, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The connection member 400 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a material having high thermal conductivity or large thermal capacity or an adhesive material to radiate heat generated in the vibration of the vibration device 500 to the display member 100. For example, the connection member 400 may be a heat dissipation member. For example, the connection member 400 may include heat transfer particles. For example, the heat transfer particles may increase vibration (or vibration force) transferred from the vibration apparatus 500 to the display member 100, or may increase a heat transfer rate of heat transferred from the vibration apparatus 500 to the display member 100. The heat transfer particles may include a metal material, metal nanoparticles, or metal nanowires, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The connection member 400 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may have a thickness for preventing or reducing physical contact between the vibration device 500 and the display member 100. For example, the connection member 400 may be adjusted based on heat transfer efficiency (or heat capacity) transferred from the vibration device 500 to the display member 100. For example, the connection member 400 may be adjusted based on one or more of a thickness for reducing or preventing physical contact between the vibration device 500 and the display member 100 and a thickness for maximizing or increasing heat transfer efficiency (or heat capacity) transferred from the vibration device 500 to the display member 100, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include an air gap AG between the display member 100 and the vibration generating portion 510.
An air gap AG may be disposed between the display member 100 and the vibration device 500 (or the vibration transmitting portion 530). For example, the air gap AG may be provided (or provided) by a partial connection (or partial coupling) between the display member 100 and the vibration device 500 (or the vibration transmitting portion 530). For example, the vibration device 500 or the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be provided at the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 with an air gap AG therebetween. The air gap AG may allow the vibration device 500 and the display member 100 to vibrate independently of each other. Further, the air gap AG may realize smooth vibration of the vibration device 500 and free strain of the display member 100 based thereon in vibration of the vibration device 500, and thus may increase the vibration width of the display member 100, thereby increasing the intensity of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on vibration of the display member 100.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure shown in fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to an exemplary aspect (or first exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure may include a base member 531 and a vibration transmitting member 533.
The base member 531 may be configured to vibrate based on vibration (or displacement or driving) of one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 531 may have a size equal to the vibration generating portion 510 or larger than one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 531 may have the same shape as the vibration generating portion 510, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Alternatively, the base member 531 may also have a shape different from the vibration generating section 510.
The base member 531 may be attached or connected to a first surface (e.g., a front surface) of one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, a first surface (e.g., a rear surface) 531a of the base member 531 may be attached or connected to a first surface (e.g., a front surface) of the one or more vibration generating sections 510 by an adhesive member 560. Accordingly, the base member 531 may vibrate based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, a first surface (e.g., a rear surface) 531a of the base member 531 may be a first surface (e.g., a rear surface) of the vibration transmitting section 530. For example, the base member 531 may be a plate, a substrate, a vibration plate, a vibration transfer plate, a base frame, a body, or a base structure, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The base member 531 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may have a first thickness T1. For example, the first thickness T1 may be 0.1mm or greater (e.g., 0.2 mm). For example, the first thickness T1 may be 0.1mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 2 mm), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 may be 0.1mm or more (e.g., 2 mm) based on the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 and/or the resonance frequency of the display member 100 may be changed or tuned based on the size (or area) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 and the size (or area) and thickness T1 of the base member 531. For example, the size (or area) and/or thickness T1 of the base member 531 may be changed or optimized such that the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 corresponds to (or matches) the resonance frequency of the display member 100.
The vibration transfer member 533 may be configured to transfer the vibration of the base member 531 to the display member 100. The vibration transmitting member 533 may be disposed between the base member 531 and the display member 100. The vibration transmitting member 533 may be provided on or connected to a second surface (e.g., a front surface) 531b of the base member 531 facing the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting members 533 may be provided at or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by the connection member 450. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be a bridge, a leg, a rib, a protruding portion, a bent portion, a bridge line, a rib line, a protruding line, a vibration transmitting structure, or a vibration transmitting line, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
The vibration transmitting member 533 may have a height (or thickness) H1 for reducing or preventing physical contact between the display member 100 and the base member 531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be configured to have a first height (or thickness) H1 from the second surface 531b of the base member 531. For example, the first height H1 may be a length (or distance) in the third direction Z between the second surface 531b of the base member 531 and the uppermost surface of the vibration transmitting member 533. For example, the first height H1 of the vibration transmitting member 533 may be the same as or different from the first thickness T1 of the base member 531. For example, the first height H1 of the vibration transmitting member 533 may be set to 0.5mm or more (e.g., 1 mm), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first height H1 of the vibration transmitting member 533 may be adjusted to 0.1mm or more (e.g., 0.5 mm) based on the total thickness of the apparatus and the rigidity and size of the base member 531. For example, the third direction may be the thickness direction of the base member 531 or the display member 100 or the Z-axis direction in the XYZ coordinate system.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first vibration transmitting member 533a and a second vibration transmitting member 533b. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may include a first vibration transmitting member 533a and a second vibration transmitting member 533b provided at or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may include a first vibration transmitting member 533a and a second vibration transmitting member 533b protruding from both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a cross-sectional structure having a U shape based on the base member 531 and the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b. The base member 531 and the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may include the above-described plastic material or metal material, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first vibration transmitting member 533a may be disposed on or connected to the first peripheral portion or the first lateral end portion of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533a may be disposed on or connected to a first peripheral portion or a first lateral end adjacent to the first side of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533a may be curved from the first peripheral portion or the first lateral end portion of the base member 531 toward the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533a may be configured to have a first height (or thickness) H1.
The second vibration transmitting member 533b may be disposed on or connected to the second peripheral portion or the second lateral end portion of the base member 531 parallel to the first vibration transmitting member 533 a. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533b may be disposed on or connected to a second peripheral portion or a second lateral end portion adjacent to a second side parallel to the first side of the base member 531. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533b may be curved from the second peripheral portion or the second lateral end portion of the base member 531 toward the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533b may be configured to have a first height (or thickness) H1.
Each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may include a line shape having a certain width. For example, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may extend along the first direction X, and may include a line shape having a predetermined width parallel to the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. For example, the first direction X may be a horizontal length direction or a lateral length direction of the base member 531 or the display member 100 or an X-axis direction of an XYZ coordinate system. For example, the second direction Y may be a vertical length direction or a longitudinal length direction of the base member 531 or the display member 100 or a Y-axis direction of an XYZ coordinate system.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may be vertically disposed on or connected to the second surface 531b of the base member 531. For example, an angle between the second surface 531b of the base member 531 and each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may be 90 degrees, but is not limited thereto, and may be an angle smaller than 90 degrees.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a curved portion between the base member 531 and each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may have a curved structure having a radius of curvature. For example, a connection portion between the base member 531 and each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may have a curved structure having a certain radius of curvature.
Each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by a connection member 400. The first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may provide an air gap AG between the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 and the base member 531. For example, an air gap AG may be provided (or provided) between the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 and the base member 531 by the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533 b. Accordingly, the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may be disposed on or connected to the second surface 531b of the base member 531 with the air gap AG in parallel therebetween. For example, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may overlap or not overlap the one or more vibration generating portions 510 based on the size of the base member 531 and/or the one or more vibration generating portions 510.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting member 533 of the vibration device 500 may be connected or coupled to the display member 100 through a partial connection scheme based on the connection member 400, and thus, a connection process (or an attachment process) and a connection quality (or an attachment performance) between the display member 100 and the vibration device 500 may be improved as compared to an overall connection scheme between the vibration transmitting portion 530 and the display member 100 through the connection member 400.
According to the vibration transmitting member 533 or the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b of the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, the vibration (or the lateral vibration or the horizontal direction vibration or the in-plane vibration) V1 of the one or more vibration generating sections 510 may be converted into the normal direction vibration (or the longitudinal vibration or the out-of-plane vibration) V2 with respect to the surface of the vibration generating section 510 or the thickness direction vibration (or the longitudinal vibration or the out-of-plane vibration) of the display member 100, and the thickness direction vibration or the normal direction vibration V2 of the display member 100 may be transmitted to the display member 100, so that the efficiency of the squeeze film effect generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 may be improved. Accordingly, the thickness direction vibration displacement (or vibration efficiency) of the display member 100 may be enhanced based on the longitudinal vibration transmitted through the vibration transmitting portion 530, and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 may be increased, thereby increasing (or maximizing) the squeeze film effect obtained based on the vibration of the display member 100. Thus, the user's recognition of ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics and/or virtual textures may be enhanced.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary aspect implemented by modifying the vibration transmitting member illustrated in fig. 2 and 3 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or second) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 531 and a vibration transmitting member 533.
The base member 531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the base member 531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the description of the base member 531 shown in fig. 5.
The vibration transmitting member 533 may be configured to transmit the vibration of the base member 531 based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating sections 510 to the display member 100.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to include four vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 may include first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d or the first vibration transmitting member 533a to fourth vibration transmitting member 533d may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by a connection member 400.
Each of the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may include a line shape having a certain width. For example, each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may extend along the first direction X, and may include a line shape having a predetermined width parallel to the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. The first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be spaced apart from each other along the second direction Y. Alternatively, each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may extend along the second direction Y, and may include a line shape having a predetermined width parallel to the first direction X intersecting the second direction Y. The first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be spaced apart from each other along the first direction X. The first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be disposed at or connected to a predetermined position of the second surface 531b of the base member 531.
The first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may be disposed at or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 531. For example, the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may be the same or substantially the same as the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 3, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. The descriptions of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the descriptions of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b shown in fig. 5.
The third and fourth vibration transmission members 533c and 533d may be disposed between the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533 b. For example, the third and fourth vibration transmitting members 533c and 533d may be disposed on or connected to the second surface 531b of the base member 531 corresponding to the center portion of the base member 531. The third and fourth vibration transmission members 533c and 533d may protrude from the second surface 531b of the base member 531 corresponding to a central portion of the base member 531.
The third vibration transmission member 533c may be disposed between the first vibration transmission member 533a and the fourth vibration transmission member 533 d. For example, the third vibration transmitting member 533c may protrude from the second surface 531b of the base member 531 corresponding to a region between the first vibration transmitting member 533a and the fourth vibration transmitting member 533 d.
The fourth vibration transmission member 533d may be disposed between the second vibration transmission member 533b and the third vibration transmission member 533 c. For example, the fourth vibration transmitting member 533d may protrude from the second surface 531b of the base member 531 corresponding to a region between the second vibration transmitting member 533b and the third vibration transmitting member 533 c.
The distance (or interval) D1 between the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533D may be the same or different. Each of the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be configured to have the same first height (or thickness) H1.
The position of each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d connected to the base member 531 may be adjusted by tuning the ultrasonic frequency based on the number of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d, the resonance frequency of the display member 100, and the thickness T1 of the base member 531. For example, the position of each of the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be adjusted so that offset vibration of the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d does not occur in vibration of the display member 100 or the base member 531.
As shown in fig. 6, the position of each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be adjusted to correspond to AN antinode AN in which the vibration displacement of the base member 531 or the one or more vibration generating sections 510 is a maximum value. For example, based on the wavelength length WL of the display member 100, the distance (or interval) D1 between the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533D may be adjusted to correspond to an even multiple "2n×λ/2" (where n may be a natural number) of the half wavelength (or 1/2 of the wavelength) of the display member 100 (e.g., λ,2λ,3λ … …). For example, the wavelength length WL of the display member 100 may be calculated based on the wavelength speed of the display member 100.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d, and thus may increase (or maximize) a squeeze film effect generated based on vibration of the display member 100 as the vibration transmitting member 533 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described with reference to fig. 3, thereby enhancing user recognition of ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic touch and/or virtual texture. Further, the vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d, and thus may increase a vibration force (or a displacement force) transmitted to the display member 100 based on the vibration of one or more vibration generating portions 510, and may change a vibration mode shape of the display member 100. Accordingly, the average vibration displacement amount per unit area of the display member 100 can be maintained, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 can be increased.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 illustrates an exemplary aspect implemented by modifying the base member illustrated in fig. 5, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or third) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 531 and a vibration transmitting member 533.
The base member 531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the base member 531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3, except that the base member 531 has the second thickness T2, and thus a repetitive description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the description of the base member 531 shown in fig. 7.
The second thickness T2 of the base member 531 may be adjusted by tuning the ultrasonic frequency. For example, the second thickness T2 of the base member 531 may be different from the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 or 5. For example, the second thickness T2 of the base member 531 may be thicker than the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 or 5. For example, the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 may be 0.5mm, and the second thickness T2 of the base member 531 may be 1.0mm, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second thickness T2 of the base member 531 may be any one (e.g., 2 mm) different from the first thickness T1 of 0.1mm to 5.0 mm.
The wavelength length of the display member 100 may be reduced based on an increase in the wavelength speed of the display member 100 caused by an increase in the thickness of the base member 531. Accordingly, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 may be increased.
The vibration transmission member 533 may include first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d. The first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may be identical or substantially identical to the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d described above with reference to fig. 5, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. The descriptions of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d described above with reference to fig. 5 may be included in the descriptions of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d shown in fig. 7.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include the base member 531 having the second thickness T2 and the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d, and thus may have substantially the same effects as the vibration transmitting member 533 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described above with reference to fig. 3 or 5.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 illustrates an exemplary aspect implemented by modifying the vibration transmitting member illustrated in fig. 5 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, a vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or fourth) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 531 and a vibration transmitting member 533.
The base member 531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the base member 531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3, except that the base member 531 has the second thickness T2, and thus a repetitive description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the description of the base member 531 shown in fig. 8.
The vibration transmission member 533 may include a plurality of vibration transmission members 533a to 533d or first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d or the first vibration transmitting member 533a to fourth vibration transmitting member 533d may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by a connection member 400.
The position of each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533D connected to the base member 531 and the distance (or interval) D1 between the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533D may be the same or substantially the same as the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533D described above with reference to fig. 5, and thus, repetitive description thereof is omitted. The descriptions of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d described above with reference to fig. 5 may be included in the descriptions of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d shown in fig. 8.
Each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include at least one or more transmitting parts (or transmitting portions) 533p.
At least one or more of the transfer portions 533p may correspond to each of the first to fourth vibration transfer members 533a to 533 d. At least one or more transfer portions 533p may be configured to have a specific interval. For example, the at least one or more transfer portions 533p may be configured to have a predetermined interval and a specific length along the second direction Y or the first direction X. At least one or more transfer portions 533p may have the same or different heights H1. Each of the at least one or more transfer portions 533p may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by the connection member 400. For example, at least one or more transfer portions 533p may have at least one or more transfer patterns, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having at least one or more transmitting parts 533p may be arranged at the second surface 531b of the base member 531 in a lattice shape, but are not limited thereto, and may be arranged at the second surface 531b of the base member 531 in a shape such as a circle, an oval, an irregular polygon, or the like.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having at least one or more transmitting parts 533p, and thus may increase (or maximize) a squeeze film effect generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 as the vibration transmitting member 533 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described with reference to fig. 3, thereby enhancing the user's recognition of the ultrasonic vibration or the ultrasonic tactile sensation and/or the virtual texture. Further, the vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having at least one or more transmitting parts 533p, and thus may increase a vibration force (or a displacement force) transmitted to the display member 100 based on the vibration of each of the one or more vibration generating parts 510, and may change a vibration mode shape of the display member 100. Accordingly, the average vibration displacement amount per unit area of the display member 100 can be maintained, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 can be increased.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 illustrates an exemplary aspect implemented by modifying the vibration transmitting member illustrated in fig. 3 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 9, the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or fifth) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 531 and a vibration transmitting member 533.
The base member 531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the base member 531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the description of the base member 531 shown in fig. 9.
The base member 531 may be configured to have a third thickness T3. The third thickness T3 of the base member 531 may be the same as or different from the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 shown in fig. 3. For example, the third thickness T3 of the base member 531 may be less than or greater than the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 shown in fig. 3.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having a belt shape (or a closed-loop shape). For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may include a first vibration transmitting member 533e and a second vibration transmitting member 533f. Each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533e and 533f may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by a connection member 400.
The first vibration transmitting member 533e may be provided along a peripheral portion of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533e may be provided on or connected to a peripheral portion of the second surface 531b of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533e may have a shape corresponding to a peripheral portion of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533e may have a belt shape (or a closed-loop shape) corresponding to the peripheral portion of the base member 531. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533e may have a tetragonal belt shape, tetragonal ring shape, or tetragonal closed-loop shape, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and may also have a pentagonal belt shape, a pentagonal ring shape, a pentagonal closed-loop shape, a hexagonal belt shape, a hexagonal ring shape, a hexagonal closed-loop shape, or the like, for example.
The second vibration transmitting member 533f may be disposed or connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the base member 531. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533f may be disposed at or connected to a middle portion of the base member 531. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533f may be surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member 533 e. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533f may be provided at a middle portion of the second surface 531b of the base member 531 to surround the central portion of the base member 531 and surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member 533 e. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533f may have a tetragonal belt shape, a tetragonal ring shape, or a tetragonal closed loop shape, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f may be configured to have concentric circle shapes. For example, the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f may include circles or ovals having the same center point and different diameters. Accordingly, the vibration transmitted to the display member 100 by the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having the circular shape may have a circular pattern shape, and thus the vibration characteristics of the display member 100 may be enhanced.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having the same shape (e.g., a belt shape), and thus, a squeeze film effect generated based on vibration of the display member 100 may be increased (or maximized) like the vibration transmitting member 533 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described with reference to fig. 3, thereby enhancing user recognition of ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic touch and/or virtual texture. The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having a band shape, and thus may increase (or maximize) a squeeze film effect generated based on vibration of the display member 100 as the vibration transmitting member 533 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described with reference to fig. 3, thereby enhancing user recognition of ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic touch and/or virtual texture. Further, the vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having the same shape (e.g., a belt shape), and thus the vibration force (or displacement force) transmitted to the display member 100 may be increased based on the vibration of each of the one or more vibration generating portions 510, and the vibration mode shape of the display member 100 may be changed. Accordingly, the average vibration displacement amount per unit area of the display member 100 can be maintained, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 can be increased. Further, the vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having a belt shape, and thus may increase a vibration force (or a displacement force) transmitted to the display member 100 based on the vibration of each of the one or more vibration generating portions 510, and may change the vibration mode shape of the display member 100. Accordingly, the average vibration displacement amount per unit area of the display member 100 can be maintained, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 can be increased.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f or the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f may include at least one or more transmitting parts 533p.
At least one or more transfer portions 533p may correspond to each of the first vibration transfer member 533e and the second vibration transfer member 533 f. For example, at least one or more transfer portions 533p may be configured to have a specific interval (or a predetermined interval). For example, at least one or more transfer portions 533p may be disposed or configured to be spaced apart from each other in the length direction (e.g., the first direction X or the second direction Y). Each of the at least one or more transfer portions 533p may be configured to have a line shape with a specific length (or a predetermined length), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. At least one or more transfer portions 533p may have the same or different heights H1.
The separation space DS between the at least one or more transfer portions 533p may constitute an air duct or a ventilation area corresponding to a space surrounded by each of the first vibration transfer member 533e and the second vibration transfer member 533 f. Accordingly, the heat concentrated on the region of the display member 100 corresponding to (or overlapping) the space surrounded by each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f can be dispersed, and thus, image quality defects such as smearing or the like due to a temperature rise in a local region of the display member 100 can be prevented or reduced.
Fig. 11 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is another cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' shown in FIG. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration apparatus shown in fig. 11 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 and 12 illustrate exemplary aspects implemented by modifying the vibration device of the display device according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure described above with reference to fig. 1 to 10. Therefore, in the following description, the other elements except for the vibration device and the related elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Referring to fig. 1, 11 and 12, in a display device according to another exemplary aspect (or a second exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure, a vibration device 500 may include a vibration generating portion 510 and a vibration transmitting portion 530.
The vibration generating portion 510 may include a piezoelectric material having piezoelectric characteristics. The vibration generating section 510 may vibrate based on the driving signal to generate (or output) an ultrasonic wave USW of a frequency of 20kHz or more (e.g., 50 kHz). The vibration generating portion 510 may be the same or substantially the same as the vibration generating portion 510 described above with reference to fig. 2 and 3, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to transmit the vibration of the vibration generating portion 510 to the display member 100. The vibration transmitting portion 530 may be configured to convert the in-plane vibration mode transmitted to the display member 100 into the out-of-plane vibration mode based on the vibration of the vibration generating portion 510.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or sixth) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a vibration transmitting member 533. For example, the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a structure in which a base member is omitted or removed in the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
The vibration transmitting member 533 may be configured to transmit the vibration of the vibration generating portion 510 to the display member 100. The vibration transmitting member 533 may be disposed between the display member 100 and the vibration generating portion 510. The vibration transmission member 553 may be disposed at or connected to a first surface (e.g., a front surface) 510a of the vibration generation portion 510 facing the display member 100. The vibration transmitting member 533 may include the same or substantially the same metal material or plastic material as the vibration transmitting member 533 described above with reference to fig. 2 and 3, and thus, a repetitive description thereof is omitted.
The vibration transmitting member 533 may be attached to or connected to the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be attached at the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510 by an adhesive member 560. The adhesive member 560 may be the same or substantially the same as the adhesive member 560 described above with reference to fig. 2, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The vibration transmitting member 533 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 (or the display panel 110) by the connection member 400. The connection member 400 may be the same or substantially the same as the connection member 400 described above with reference to fig. 2, and thus, a repetitive description thereof is omitted.
The vibration transmitting member 533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first vibration transmitting member 533a and a second vibration transmitting member 533b. For example, the vibration transmitting member 533 may include a first vibration transmitting member 533a and a second vibration transmitting member 533b provided at or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the vibration generating portion 510. The first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may include the same or substantially the same metal material or plastic material as the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
The first vibration transmitting member 533a may be disposed on or connected to a first peripheral portion or a first lateral end portion of the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533a may be disposed on or connected to a first peripheral portion or a first lateral end portion of the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510. For example, the first vibration transmitting member 533a may be configured to have a first height (or thickness) H1.
The second vibration transmitting member 533b may be disposed at or connected to a second peripheral portion or a second lateral end portion of the vibration generating portion 510 parallel to the first vibration transmitting member 533 a. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533b may be disposed in parallel with the first vibration transmitting member 533a at or connected to the second peripheral portion or the second lateral end portion of the first surface 510a of the vibration generating section 510. For example, the second vibration transmitting member 533b may be configured to have a first height (or thickness) H1.
Each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may include a line shape. For example, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b may include a line shape extending along the first direction X and having a predetermined width parallel to the second direction Y. Each of the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b may be connected to or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by a connection member 400.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a vibration transmitting member 533, which includes a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b connected to the vibration generating portion 510, and thus may increase (or maximize) a squeeze film effect generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 as the vibration transmitting portion 530 according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described with reference to fig. 3, thereby enhancing the user's recognition of the ultrasonic vibration or the ultrasonic tactile sensation and/or the virtual texture.
The vibration transmitting portion 530 including the vibration transmitting member 533 having the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 11 and 12 may be equally applied to the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 5 to 10. For example, the base member 531 may be omitted or removed, and the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 5 to 8 may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d or first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d provided at or connected to predetermined positions of the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510.
Each of the first to fourth vibration transmission members 533a to 533d may include at least one or more transmission parts. For example, each of the first to fourth vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may include at least one or more transmitting parts having a specific interval (or a predetermined interval). For example, the base member 531 may be omitted or removed, and the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 9 and 10 may include a plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having a belt shape or a first vibration transmitting member 533e and a second vibration transmitting member 533f having a belt shape provided on or connected to the first surface 510a of the vibration generating portion 510. Each of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533e and 533f having a belt shape may include at least one or more transmitting parts. For example, each of the first vibration transmitting member 533e and the second vibration transmitting member 533f having a belt shape may include at least one or more transmitting parts having a specific interval (or a predetermined interval).
Fig. 13 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 13 is another cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 14 is a sectional view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 13 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 15 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 14 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 13 to 15 illustrate exemplary aspects achieved by modifying the vibration transmitting portion of the vibration apparatus described above with reference to fig. 1 to 12. Therefore, in the following description, the other elements except for the vibration transmitting portion and the related elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 and 13 to 15, in a display device according to another (or third) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another (or seventh) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 1531 and a vibration transmitting member 1533.
The base member 1531 may be configured to vibrate based on the vibration (or displacement or driving) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 1531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 1531 may be disposed between the display member 100 and the vibration generating part 510. For example, the base member 1531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3, and thus a repetitive description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 531 described above with reference to fig. 3 may be included in the description of the base member 1531 shown in fig. 13 to 15.
The base member 1531 may be configured to have a fourth thickness T4. The fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 may be the same as or different from the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 shown in fig. 3. For example, the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 may be less than or greater than or equal to the first thickness T1 of the base member 531 shown in fig. 3. For example, the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 may be 0.1mm or more (e.g., 0.5 mm) based on the resonant frequency of the display member 100 and/or based on the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated by the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the fourth thickness T4 may be 0.1mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 2 mm), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the resonance frequency of the vibration generating portion 510 may increase as the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 decreases, and thus, the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 may be adjusted to 0.1mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 2 mm) based on the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531 may be adjusted to 0.3mm or more and 2.5mm or less (e.g., 2 mm) for thinning the vibration device, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The base member 1531 may include a material having a relatively low stiffness (or modulus or young's modulus). For example, the base member 1531 may be configured with a material having a modulus or young's modulus of 1GPa (giga pascal) or greater (e.g., 2 GPa). For example, the base member 1531 may be configured with a soft material having ductile (or elastic) properties. Accordingly, the base member 1531 may vibrate (or shift or drive) more smoothly or freely based on the vibration (or shift or drive) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510.
The base member 1531 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a metal material or a plastic material.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the base member 1531 may include any one or more materials of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), al alloys, magnesium (Mg), mg alloys, copper (Cu) alloys, and magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloys, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the base member 1531 may be configured as a plastic material such as a plastic or styrene material, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the plastic material of the base member 1531 may be configured as Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyarylate (PAR), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), or Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC), etc., but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the styrene material may be an ABS material. ABS materials may be acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene.
The vibration transfer member 1533 may be configured to transfer vibrations of the base member 1531 to the display member 100. The vibration transmission member 1533 may be disposed between the base member 1531 and the display member 100. The vibration transfer member 1533 may be disposed on or connected to a second surface (e.g., a front surface) 1531b of the base member 1531 facing the display member 100. For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be disposed on or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 1531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100.
The vibration transmitting member 1533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be constructed of a different material than the base member 1531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be constructed of a material having a higher stiffness (or modulus or young's modulus) than the base member 1531. For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be constructed of a material having a modulus or young's modulus of 1GPa (giga pa) or more (e.g., 2 GPa). For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be constructed of a hard material having harder characteristics than the base member 1531. Accordingly, the vibration transmission member 1533 may include a material different from the base member 1531 or may include a material having a higher rigidity than the base member 1531, and thus, vibration (or vibration force or displacement force) of the base member 1531 based on vibration (or displacement or driving) of the one or more vibration generating parts 510 may be transmitted to the display member 100 without being lost. Accordingly, the vibration force (or displacement force) transferred to the display member 100 may be more increased based on the vibration of the one or more vibration generating portions 510, and thus, the ultrasonic USW having a higher frequency (or resonance frequency) may be generated (or output) based on the vibration of the display member 100, thereby more enhancing the user's recognition of the virtual texture and/or the ultrasonic vibration or the ultrasonic touch.
The vibration transmitting member 1533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a metal material or a plastic material different from the base member 1531. According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the base member 1531 may be constructed of a plastic material, and the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be constructed of a metal material, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the base member 1531 may be constructed of a metal material, and the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be constructed of plastic. The vibration transmission member 1533 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first vibration transmission member 1533a and a second vibration transmission member 1533b. For example, the vibration transmitting member 1533 may include a first vibration transmitting member 1533a and a second vibration transmitting member 1533b disposed in or connected to both peripheral portions or both end portions of the base member 1531. The first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b may be identical or substantially identical to the first and second vibration transmission members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 2 and 3, except that the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b include a different material from the base member 1531, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. Accordingly, the descriptions of the first and second vibration transmitting members 533a and 533b described above with reference to fig. 2 and 3 may be included in the descriptions of the first and second vibration transmitting members 1533a and 1533b shown in fig. 13 to 15.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmitting members 1533a and 1533b may include one or more materials having higher rigidity than the base member 1531 among stainless steel, aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy, magnesium (Mg), mg alloy, copper (Cu) alloy, and magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloy, but the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmitting members 1533a and 1533b may include one or more materials having higher rigidity than the base member 1531 among Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyarylate (PAR), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), or Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC), etc., but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration transmission member 1533 or each of the first vibration transmission member 1533a and the second vibration transmission member 1533b may be configured to have a second height (or thickness) H2. For example, the vibration transfer member 1533 or each of the first vibration transfer member 1533a and the second vibration transfer member 1533b may be configured to have a second height (or thickness) H2 from the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531. For example, the second height H2 of the vibration transmission member 1533 or each of the first vibration transmission member 1533a and the second vibration transmission member 1533b may be a length (or distance) between the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531 and the uppermost surface of the vibration transmission member 1533 in the third direction Z. For example, the second height H2 of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or each of the first vibration transmitting member 1533a and the second vibration transmitting member 1533b may be the same as or different from the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531. For example, the second height H2 of each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmitting members 1533a and 1533b may be 0.1mm or more (e.g., 0.5 mm) based on the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or based on the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated by the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the second height H2 may be 0.1mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 0.5 mm), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the resonance frequency of the vibration generating portion 510 may increase as the second height H2 of each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first vibration transmitting member 1533a and the second vibration transmitting member 1533b decreases, and thus, the second height H2 of each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first vibration transmitting member 1533a and the second vibration transmitting member 1533b may be adjusted to 0.1mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 0.5 mm) based on the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the second height H2 may be adjusted to 0.5mm or more and 3.5mm or less (e.g., 2 mm) for thinning the vibration device, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration transmission member 1533 or each of the first vibration transmission member 1533a and the second vibration transmission member 1533b may have a first width W1. For example, the first width W1 may be a width of a cross section parallel to the second direction Y of the vibration transmission member 1533 or each of the first vibration transmission member 1533a and the second vibration transmission member 1533 b. For example, the first width W1 may be the same as or different from one or more of the second height H2 and the fourth thickness T4 of the base member 1531. For example, the first width W1 may be 0.1mm or more (e.g., 0.5 mm) based on the resonant frequency of the display member 100 and/or the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the first width W1 may be 0.1mm or more and 7mm or less (e.g., 3.5 mm), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the resonance frequency of the one or more vibration generating portions 510 may increase as the first width W1 of each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first vibration transmitting member 1533a and the second vibration transmitting member 1533b increases, and thus, the first width W1 of each of the vibration transmitting member 1533 or the first vibration transmitting member 1533a and the second vibration transmitting member 1533b may be adjusted to 0.1mm or more and 7mm or less (e.g., 3.5 mm) based on the resonance frequency of the display member 100 and/or the frequency of the ultrasonic wave USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. For example, the first width W1 may be adjusted to 1.5mm or more and 5mm or less (e.g., 3.5 mm) to achieve lightness of the vibration device, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration transfer member 1533 may be attached or connected to a second surface (e.g., front surface) 531b of the base member 1531. For example, the vibration transfer member 1533 may be attached or connected to a second surface (e.g., front surface) 1531b of the base member 1531 by an adhesive member 1532.
The adhesive member 1532 may be between the vibration transfer member 1533 and the base member 1531. For example, the adhesive member 1532 may be disposed (or interposed) at a region between the vibration transmission member 1533 and the base member 1531. For example, an adhesive member 1532 may be disposed (or interposed) at a region between the base member 1531 and each of the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533 b. For example, an adhesive member 1532 may be disposed (or interposed) at a region between a second surface (e.g., a front surface) 1531b of the base member 1531 and the entire rear surface of each of the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b to minimize (or prevent or reduce) vibration losses caused by the adhesive member 1532. For example, the adhesive member 1532 may be a third connection member, a third adhesive member, or a fixing member, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive member 1532 may be a double-sided tape, an adhesive, a binder, a heat curable adhesive, a photo curable adhesive, a thermal bonding (or thermosetting) adhesive, an adhesive resin, a thermosetting resin, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive member 1532 may further include vibration transmitting particles included in the adhesive material (or adhesive layer). For example, the vibration transmitting particles may include a piezoelectric material (or a metal material, a metal nanowire, or a metal nanoparticle) added in the adhesive material (or the adhesive layer), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The display device according to another exemplary aspect (or the third exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure may provide substantially the same effects as the display devices according to the first and second exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. Further, according to the third exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, by using the base member 1531 and the vibration transmitting member 1533 of the vibration transmitting part 530, an in-plane vibration mode based on the vibration of the vibration generating part 510 may be converted into an out-of-plane vibration mode to vibrate the display member 100, so that ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation may be provided to the user. Further, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the base member 1531 and the vibration transmitting member 1533 of the vibration transmitting part 530 may include different materials, and thus, the vibration force (or displacement force) transmitted to the display member 100 may be more increased based on the vibration of the vibration generating part 510, thereby increasing the frequency of the ultrasonic waves USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100. Accordingly, the squeeze film effect of the ultrasonic USW generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 may be more enhanced, thereby enhancing the user's recognition of the virtual texture and/or the ultrasonic vibration or the ultrasonic touch.
In addition, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the frequency of the ultrasonic tactile sensation or ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized to correspond to the resonance frequency of the vibration object based on the material and thickness T4 of the base member 1531 and/or the material, height H2, and width W1 of the vibration transmitting member 1533 constituting the vibration transmitting part 530.
Fig. 16 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. FIG. 16 is another cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' shown in FIG. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 17 is a sectional view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 16 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 18 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a vibration transmitting portion shown in fig. 17 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 to 18 illustrate exemplary aspects achieved by modifying the method of attaching the base member on the vibration transmitting member in the vibration transmitting portion described above with reference to fig. 13 to 15. Therefore, in the following description, elements other than the method of attaching the base member to the vibration transmitting member and the related elements may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 and 16 to 18, in a display device according to another exemplary aspect (or a fourth exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure, a vibration transmitting portion 530 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 1531, a vibration transmitting member 1533, a first connection portion 1534, and a second connection portion 1535.
The base member 1531 may be configured to vibrate based on the vibration (or displacement or driving) of the one or more vibration generating portions 510. The base member 1531 may be configured to support one or more vibration generating portions 510. For example, the base member 1531 may be the same or substantially the same as the base member 1531 described above with reference to fig. 13 to 15, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted. The description of the base member 1531 described above with reference to fig. 13-15 may be included in the description of the base member 1531 shown in fig. 16-18.
The vibration transfer member 1533 may be configured to transfer vibrations of the base member 1531 to the display member 100. The vibration transmission member 1533 may be disposed between the base member 1531 and the display member 100. The vibration transfer member 1533 may be disposed on or connected to a second surface (e.g., a front surface) 1531b of the base member 1531 facing the display member 100. The vibration transmission member 1533 may include a first vibration transmission member 1533a and a second vibration transmission member 1533b.
The vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b may be identical or substantially identical to the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b described above with reference to fig. 13 to 15 and 3, and thus, repeated descriptions thereof are omitted. Accordingly, the description of the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b described above with reference to fig. 13 to 15 may be included in the description of the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b shown in fig. 16 to 18.
The first connection portion 1534 may be formed (or disposed) at one of the base member 1531 and the vibration transmission member 1533, and the second connection portion 1535 may be formed (or disposed) at the other of the base member 1531 and the vibration transmission member 1533. For example, the first connection portion 1534 may be formed at the base member 1531 and the second connection portion 1535 may be formed at the vibration transmission member 1533, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first connection portion 1534 may be formed at the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b, and the second connection portion 1535 may be formed at the base member 1531.
The first connection portion 1534 may include grooves 1534a and 1534b formed at the base member 1531. The first connection portion 1534 may include grooves 1534a and 1534b concavely formed from the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531. For example, the first connection portion 1534 may include grooves 1534a and 1534b concavely formed to have a predetermined depth from the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531 corresponding to (or overlapping with) each of the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533 b. For example, the first connection portion 1534 may include grooves 1534a and 1534b concavely formed to have a line shape extending in the first direction X.
The first connection portion 1534 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first recess 1534a and a second recess 1534b. Each of the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may be concavely formed from the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531 to have a predetermined depth. For example, each of the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may be concavely formed to have a line shape extending in the first direction X.
The first recess 1534a may be concavely formed (or configured) to have a predetermined depth from the first peripheral portion of the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531 corresponding to (or overlapping with) the first vibration transmission member 1533 a. The second recess 1534b may be concavely formed (or configured) to have a predetermined depth from the second peripheral portion of the second surface 1531b of the base member 1531 corresponding to (or overlapping with) the second vibration transmitting member 1533 b. For example, each of the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may be aligned with a location where each of the first and second vibration transfer members 1533a and 1533b is attached to (or connected to) the base member 1531.
According to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the first connection portion 1534 or the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may have a cross-sectional shape including a quadrangular shape, a triangular shape, or a circular shape, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the first connection portion 1534 or the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may also have other polygonal shapes or oval shapes such as an ellipse. For example, the first connection portion 1534 or the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b may be a slot line, a receiving groove, a receiving line, a first connection line, a first alignment groove, or a first alignment slot line, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The second connection portion 1535 may include protrusions 1535a and 1535b convexly formed (or configured) at the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first vibration transmission member 1533a and the second vibration transmission member 1533b to correspond to (or overlap) the first connection portion 1534. For example, the second connection portion 1535 may include protrusions 1535a and 1535b convexly formed to have a predetermined height from the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b to correspond to (or overlap) the first connection portion 1534. For example, the second connection portion 1535 may include protrusions 1535a and 1535b convexly formed to have a linear shape extending in the first direction X.
The second connection portion 1535 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first protrusion 1535a and a second protrusion 1535b. Each of the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b may be formed to have a predetermined height protruding from the vibration transmission member 1533 or the first and second vibration transmission members 1533a and 1533b toward the base member 1531. For example, each of the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b may be configured to have a width and a height such that the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b can be received (or inserted) into the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534b of the first connection part 1534, respectively. For example, each of the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b may be convexly formed to have a line shape extending in the first direction X.
The first protrusion 1535a may be convexly formed (or configured) to have a predetermined height from the rear surface of the first vibration transmitting member 1533a corresponding to (or overlapping) the first recess 1534 a. For example, the first protrusion 1535a may protrude from the rear surface of the first vibration transmitting member 1533a to have a width and a height such that the first protrusion 1535a can be received (or inserted) into the first recess 1534 a. The second protrusion 1535b may be convexly formed (or configured) to have a predetermined height from the rear surface of the second vibration transmitting member 1533b corresponding to (or overlapping) the second recess 1534 b. For example, the second protrusion 1535b may protrude from the rear surface of the second vibration transmitting member 1533b to have a width and a height such that the second protrusion 1535b can be received (or inserted) into the second recess 1534 b.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the second connection portion 1535 or the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b may have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the first connection portion 1534 or the first and second grooves 1534a and 1534 b. For example, the second connection portion 1535 or the first and second protrusions 1535a and 1535b may be projection lines, protrusion lines, insertion lines, second connection lines, alignment protrusions, or alignment protrusion lines, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the second connection portion 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first connection portion 1534. According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the second connection portion 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first connection portion 1534 by a close fit scheme, and thus, the vibration transmission member 1533 may be connected to the base member 1531. According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the second connection portion 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first connection portion 1534 by the adhesive member 1532, and may be attached or connected to the base member 1531 by the adhesive member 1532.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the first protrusion 1535a of the second connection part 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first groove 1534a of the first connection part 1534. According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the first protrusion 1535a of the second connection part 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first groove 1534a of the first connection part 1534 by a tight fit scheme, and thus, the vibration transmission member 1533 may be connected to the base member 1531. According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the first protrusion 1535a of the second connection part 1535 may be received (or inserted) into the first groove 1534a of the first connection part 1534 by the adhesive member 1532, and may be attached or connected to the base member 1531 by the adhesive member 1532.
For example, the adhesive member 1532 may be an adhesive, a binder, a heat curable adhesive, a photo curable adhesive, a thermal bonding (or thermosetting) adhesive, an adhesive resin, a heat curable resin, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive member 1532 may further include vibration transmitting particles included in the adhesive material (or adhesive layer). For example, the vibration transmitting particles may include a piezoelectric material (or a metal material, a metal nanowire, or a metal nanoparticle) added in the adhesive material (or the adhesive layer), but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The display device according to the fourth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may provide substantially the same effects as the display device according to the third exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Further, according to the fourth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the base member 1531 and the vibration transmitting member 1533 of the vibration transmitting portion 530 may be attached or connected to each other by the structure of each of the grooves 1534a and 1534b and the protrusions 1535a and 1535b, and thus, the assembly of the base member 1531 and the vibration transmitting member 1533 may be enhanced, or the positional alignment of the vibration transmitting member 1533 attached on the base member 1531 may be easily performed.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion 530 including the base member 1531, the vibration transmitting member 1533, and the adhesive member 1532 described above with reference to fig. 13 to 18 may be identically applied to the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 5 to 10. For example, in the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 5 to 10, the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d and the base member 531 may include different materials, and the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may be attached at the base member 531 by the adhesive member 532. For example, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may include at least one or more transmitting parts having a specific interval (or a predetermined interval).
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, in the vibration transmitting portion 530 described above with reference to fig. 9 and 10, the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having a belt shape and the base member 531 may include different materials, and the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d having a belt shape may be attached at the base member 531 by the adhesive member 532. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members 533a to 533d may include at least one or more transmitting parts having a specific interval (or a predetermined interval).
Fig. 19 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 19 is another cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' shown in fig. 1, according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 20 is a rear view illustrating the display member and the plurality of vibration apparatuses shown in fig. 19. Fig. 19 and 20 illustrate exemplary aspects achieved by modifying the vibration apparatus described with reference to fig. 1 to 18. Therefore, in the following description, the other elements except for the vibration device and the related elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Referring to fig. 19 and 20, in a display device according to another exemplary aspect (or a fifth exemplary aspect) of the present disclosure, a vibration device 500 may include a plurality of vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3. For example, the vibration device 500 may include first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3. For example, the vibration device 500 may include a plurality of ultrasonic wave generating devices or first to third ultrasonic wave generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3. For example, according to fig. 2 and 20, a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include one or more vibration devices (or vibration generating devices) 500 or one or more ultrasonic generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3.
The first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be configured to be connected to the first to third (or rear) regions A, A and A3 of the display member 100.
In the display member 100, the first area (or first rear area) A1 may be an upper area or a top area of the display member 100 in the second direction Y. The second area (or second rear area) A2 may be a center area or a middle area of the display member 100. The third area (or third rear area) A3 may be a lower area or a bottom area of the display member 100. For example, the second area A2 may be located between the first area A1 and the third area A3. The display member 100 may include a plurality of tactile areas (or ultrasonic-generating areas) overlapping or corresponding to the first to third areas A1, A2 and A3, respectively, but is not limited thereto, and the display member 100 may include more or less than three areas and a tactile area (or ultrasonic-generating area) overlapping or corresponding thereto.
The first vibration generating device 500-1 may be configured to generate (or output) ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics in the first region A1 of the display member 100. The first vibration generating device 500-1 may vibrate the first region A1 of the display member 100 based on the driving signal supplied from the driving circuit portion, and thus may generate (or output) the ultrasonic waves USW in the first region A1 of the display member 100.
The second vibration generating device 500-2 may be configured to generate (or output) ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics in the second region A2 of the display member 100. The second vibration generating device 500-2 may vibrate the second region A2 of the display member 100 based on the driving signal supplied from the driving circuit portion, and thus may generate (or output) the ultrasonic waves USW in the second region A2 of the display member 100.
The third vibration generating device 500-3 may be configured to generate (or output) ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics in the third region A3 of the display member 100. The third vibration generating device 500-3 may vibrate the third region A3 of the display member 100 based on the driving signal supplied from the driving circuit portion, and thus may generate (or output) the ultrasonic waves USW in the third region A3 of the display member 100.
Each of the plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be connected to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 or supported by the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 through the connection member 400. For example, each of the plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be connected to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 or supported by the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 through the connection member 400. For example, each of the plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be disposed on the same line. For example, a plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be disposed on the same line in the second direction Y.
Each of the plurality of vibration apparatuses or the first to third vibration generating apparatuses 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may include the same or substantially the same configuration as the vibration apparatuses described above with reference to fig. 1 to 18, and thus, repeated descriptions thereof are omitted. The description of the configuration of the vibration apparatus described above with reference to fig. 1 to 18 may be included in the description of each of the plurality of vibration apparatuses or the first to third vibration generating apparatuses 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3 shown in fig. 19 and 20.
Each of the plurality of vibration apparatuses or the first to third vibration generating apparatuses 500-1, 500-2 and 500-3 may be simultaneously driven or may be separately driven, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, one or more of the plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3 may be simultaneously driven based on the user touch area. For example, two or more vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3 of the plurality of vibration devices or the first to third vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3 overlapping the user touch area or setting the periphery of the touch area may be simultaneously driven. Accordingly, uniform ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic haptic can be generated at the user touch area and the periphery thereof, and thus, haptic effects and/or virtual textures having continuity without pauses or breaks can be continuously provided to the user.
The display device according to the fifth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may provide substantially the same effects as the display devices according to the first to fourth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. Further, with respect to the surface of the display member 100, the display device according to the fifth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may provide a haptic effect and/or a virtual texture to the user in the entire area without a dead zone through the plurality of vibration generating devices 500-1, 500-2, and 500-3.
Fig. 21 illustrates a display device according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 21 shows exemplary aspects of providing an acoustic device in addition to the display device described above with reference to fig. 19 and 20. Therefore, in the following description, the other elements than the acoustic device are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Referring to fig. 19 and 21, a display device according to another (or sixth) exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include an acoustic device (or sound device) 600.
The acoustic device 600 may vibrate the display member 100 to generate (or output) sound. The acoustic device 600 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100. For example, the acoustic device 600 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display panel 110.
The acoustic device 600 according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include one or more sound generating devices 610 and 620. For example, the acoustic device 600 may include a first sound producing device 610 and a second sound producing device 620.
The acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may be configured to be connected to the fourth and fifth areas A4 and A5 (e.g., rear areas) of the display member 100.
In the display member 100, a fourth area (e.g., a fourth rear area) A4 may be a left area of the display member 100 in the first direction X. The fifth area (e.g., fifth rear area) A5 may be a right side area of the display member 100. The display member 100 may include a plurality of sound regions (or sound generating regions) overlapping or corresponding to the fourth region A4 and the fifth region A5, respectively.
The first sound generating device 610 may be disposed adjacent to the second vibration generating device 500-2. For example, the first sound generating device 610 may be configured to generate (or output) sound in the fourth region A4 of the display member 100. The first sound generating device 610 may vibrate based on the sound driving signal (or the voice signal) supplied from the driving circuit portion to vibrate the fourth area A4 of the display member 100, and thus may generate (or output) a first sound (e.g., a left sound) in the fourth area A4 of the display member 100.
The second sound generating device 620 can be disposed adjacent to the second vibration generating device 500-2. For example, the second sound generating device 620 may be configured to generate (or output) sound in the fifth region A5 of the display member 100. The second sound generating device 620 may vibrate based on the sound driving signal (or the voice signal) supplied from the driving circuit part to vibrate the fifth region A5 of the display member 100, and thus may generate (or output) a second sound (e.g., right sound) in the fifth region A5 of the display member 100.
The first sound generation device 610 and the second sound generation device 620 may be disposed in a laterally (or left-right) symmetrical structure or a laterally (or left-right) asymmetrical structure with respect to a central portion of the display member 100. The first sound generation device 610 and the second sound generation device 620 can be disposed in a laterally (or left-right) symmetrical structure or a laterally (or left-right) asymmetrical structure with respect to the second vibration generation device 500-2. For example, the first sound generating device 610, the second sound generating device 620, and the second vibration generating device 500-2 may be disposed on the same line. For example, the first sound generating device 610, the second sound generating device 620, and the second vibration generating device 500-2 may be disposed on the same line along the first direction X. For example, the first vibration generating device 500-1, the second vibration generating device 500-2, and the third vibration generating device 500-3 may be disposed on the same line. For example, the first vibration generating device 500-1, the second vibration generating device 500-2, and the third vibration generating device 500-3 may be disposed on the same line in the second direction Y.
Each of the acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may be connected to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 or supported by the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by the connection member 400. For example, each of the acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may be connected to the rear surface 100a of the display panel 110 or supported by the rear surface 100a of the display panel 110 by the connection member 400.
Each of the acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may include the same or substantially the same configuration as the vibration device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 18, and thus, repetitive description thereof will be omitted. The description of the configuration of the vibration device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 18 may be included in the description of the acoustic device 600 shown in fig. 21 or each of the first sound generation device 610 and the second sound generation device 620. For example, the acoustic device 600 or each of the first sound generating device 610 and the second sound generating device 620 may be configured to include the vibration generating portion 510 and the vibration transmitting portion 530 shown in fig. 2.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may be configured to include the vibration generating portion 510 without the vibration transmitting portion 530 of the vibration device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 18. For example, the acoustic device 600 or each of the first sound generating device 610 and the second sound generating device 620 may include the vibration generating portion 510 described above with reference to fig. 2. The vibration generating portion 510 of each of the acoustic device 600 or the first and second sound generating devices 610 and 620 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface 100a of the display member 100 by the connection member 400 or the adhesive member 560.
The display device according to the sixth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may provide substantially the same effects as the display devices according to the first to fifth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. Further, the display device according to the sixth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may output sound generated based on the vibration of the display member 100 in the forward direction of the display member 100, and may output sound including stereo sound in the forward direction of the display member 100 based on the first sound and the second sound based on the vibration of the first sound generating device 610 and the second sound generating device 620, wherein the vibration of the display member 100 is due to the vibration of the acoustic device 600 or each of the first sound generating device 610 and the second sound generating device 620.
Fig. 22 illustrates a vibration generating portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration generating portion taken along line II-II' shown in fig. 22 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration generating portion taken along line III-III' shown in fig. 22, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 22 to 24 show a vibration generating portion of each of the vibration device and the acoustic device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 21.
Referring to fig. 22 to 24, the vibration generating portion 510 of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include a vibration portion 511.
The vibration part 511 may be configured to vibrate by a piezoelectric effect based on a driving signal. The vibration part 511 may include at least one or more of a piezoelectric inorganic material and a piezoelectric organic material. For example, the vibration part 511 may be a piezoelectric device, a piezoelectric device part, a piezoelectric device layer, a piezoelectric structure, a piezoelectric vibration part, or a piezoelectric vibration layer, etc., but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration part 511 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a vibration layer 511a, a first electrode layer 511b, and a second electrode layer 511c.
The vibration layer 511a may include a piezoelectric material or an electroactive material including a piezoelectric effect. For example, the piezoelectric material may have such characteristics that: when a pressure or torsion phenomenon is applied to the crystal structure by an external force, a potential difference is generated due to dielectric polarization caused by a relative position change of positive (+) ions and negative (-) ions, and vibration is generated due to an electric field based on a reverse voltage applied thereto. For example, the vibration layer 511a may be a piezoelectric layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an electroactive layer, a piezoelectric composite, a piezoelectric ceramic composite, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration layer 511a may be configured as a ceramic-based material for realizing relatively strong vibration, or may be configured as a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite crystal structure may have a piezoelectric effect and/or an inverse piezoelectric effect, and may be a plate-like structure having an orientation.
The piezoelectric ceramic may be configured as a single crystal ceramic having a crystal structure, or may be configured as a ceramic material having a polycrystalline structure or a polycrystalline ceramic. The piezoelectric material of the single crystal ceramic may include α -AlPO4, α -SiO2, liNbO3, tb2 (MoO 4) 3, li2B4O7, or ZnO, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The piezoelectric material of the polycrystalline ceramic may include lead zirconate titanate (PZT) -based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or may include nickel zirconate niobate (PZNN) -based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the vibration layer 511a may include at least one or more of lead (Pb) -free calcium titanate (CaTiO 3), barium titanate (BaTiO 3), and strontium titanate (SrTiO 3), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion 510 provided at the vibration apparatus 500 described above with reference to fig. 1 to 21 may be configured to have a first thickness. The vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion provided at the acoustic device 600 described above with reference to fig. 21 may be configured to have a second thickness that is the same as or different from the first thickness. For example, the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion 510 provided at the vibration device 500 may have a first thickness thicker than a second thickness of the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion provided at the acoustic device 600 to generate ultrasonic waves, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first electrode layer 511b may be disposed at a first surface (e.g., an upper surface or a front surface) 511s1 of the vibration layer 511 a. The first electrode layer 511b may have the same size as the vibration layer 511a, or may have a smaller size than the vibration layer 511 a.
The second electrode layer 511c may be disposed at a second surface (e.g., a lower surface or a rear surface) 511s2 opposite to or different from the first surface 511s1 of the vibration layer 511 a. The second electrode layer 511c may have the same size as the vibration layer 511a, or may have a smaller size than the vibration layer 511 a. For example, the second electrode layer 511c may have the same shape as the vibration layer 511a, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, in order to prevent an electrical short between the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c, each of the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c may be formed at other portions of the vibration layer 511a than the peripheral portion. For example, the first electrode layer 511b may be formed at the entire first surface 511s1 of the vibration layer 511a except for the peripheral portion. For example, the second electrode layer 511c may be formed at the entire second surface 511s2 of the vibration layer 511a except for the peripheral portion. For example, the distance between the side surface (or sidewall or side) of each of the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c and the side surface (or sidewall or side) of the vibration layer 511a may be at least 0.5mm or more (e.g., 1 mm). For example, a distance between a side surface of each of the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c and a side surface of the vibration layer 511a may be at least 1mm or more (e.g., 2 mm), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
One or more of the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be formed of a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the transparent conductive material or the translucent conductive material may include Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The opaque conductive material may include silver (Ag), gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), carbon, or the like including a frit, or an alloy thereof, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, in order to enhance the electrical characteristics and/or vibration characteristics of the vibration layer 511a, each of the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c may include silver (Ag) having a low resistivity. For example, the carbon may be carbon black, ketjen black, carbon nanotubes, and carbon materials including graphite, although exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited in this respect.
The vibration layer 511a may be polarized (or polarized) by a specific voltage applied to the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c in a specific temperature atmosphere or a temperature atmosphere that may be changed from a high temperature to room temperature, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, a polarization direction (or polarization direction) formed in the vibration layer 511a may be formed or aligned (or arranged) from the first electrode layer 511b to the second electrode layer 511c, but is not limited thereto, and a polarization direction (or polarization direction) formed in the vibration layer 511a may be formed or aligned (or arranged) from the second electrode layer 511c to the first electrode layer 511b.
The vibration layer 511a may alternately and repeatedly contract and/or expand to vibrate based on an inverse piezoelectric effect according to a driving signal applied to the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c from the outside. For example, the vibration layer 511a may vibrate in a vertical direction (or a thickness direction) and a planar direction by a signal applied to the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511 c. The vibration layer 511a may be displaced (or vibrated or driven) by contraction and/or expansion in the plane direction, thereby improving the sound characteristics and/or sound pressure level characteristics of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600.
The vibration generating portion 510 of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may further include a first cover member 513 and a second cover member 515.
The first cover member 513 may be disposed at the first surface of the vibration part 511. For example, the first cover member 513 may be configured to cover the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration part 511. For example, the first cover member 513 may be configured to have a larger size than the vibration part 511. The first cover member 513 may be configured to protect the first electrode layer 511b and the first surface of the vibration part 511.
The second cover member 515 may be disposed at the second surface of the vibration part 511. For example, the second cover member 515 may be configured to cover the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration part 511. For example, the second cover member 515 may be configured to have a larger size than the vibration portion 511, and may be configured to have the same size as the first cover member 513. The second cover member 515 may be configured to protect the second electrode layer 511c and the second surface of the vibration part 511.
Each of the first and second cover members 513 and 515 according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include the same material or different materials. For example, each of the first and second cover members 513 and 515 may be a polyimide film, a polyethylene naphthalate film, or a polyethylene terephthalate film, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first cover member 513 may be connected or coupled to the first electrode layer 511b or the first surface of the vibration part 511 through the first adhesive layer 517. For example, the first cover member 513 may be connected or coupled to the first electrode layer 511b or the first surface of the vibration part 511 through a film lamination process through the first adhesive layer 517.
The second cover member 515 may be connected or coupled to the second electrode layer 511c or the second surface of the vibration part 511 through the second adhesive layer 519. For example, the second cover member 515 may be connected or coupled to the second electrode layer 511c or the second surface of the vibration part 511 through a film lamination process by the second adhesive layer 519.
Each of the first and second adhesive layers 517 and 519 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include an electrically insulating material having adhesiveness and capable of being compressed and decompressed. For example, each of the first and second adhesive layers 517 and 519 may include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, or a polyurethane resin, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 517 and 519 may include a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA), a heat curable adhesive, a thermoplastic adhesive, or a thermal bonding adhesive (or a hot melt adhesive), but examples of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The thermal bonding adhesive may be either thermally active or thermally curable. The application that benefits from a heat curable adhesive may be an automobile as this helps to prevent or reduce moisture damage caused by high temperatures and/or high humidity.
The first and second adhesive layers 517 and 519 may be disposed between the first and second cover members 513 and 515 to surround the vibration part 511. For example, one or more of the first adhesive layer 517 and the second adhesive layer 519 may be configured to surround the vibration portion 511.
As shown in fig. 2, any one of the first cover member 513 and the second cover member 515 may be connected to the vibration transmitting portion 530 by an adhesive member 560.
The vibration generating portion 510 of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may further include a signal supply member 550.
The signal supply member 550 may be configured to supply the driving signal supplied from the driving circuit part to the vibration generating part 510 or the vibration part 511. The signal supply member 550 may be configured to be electrically connected to the vibration part 511 at one side of the vibration device 500 or the vibration generating part 510. The signal supply member 550 may be configured to be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 511b and the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration part 511.
A portion of the signal supply member 550 may be accommodated (or inserted) between the first cover member 513 and the second cover member 515. An end (or distal end) of the signal supply member 550 may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between one peripheral portion of the first cover member 513 and one peripheral portion of the second cover member 515. One peripheral portion of the first cover member 513 and one peripheral portion of the second cover member 515 may receive or vertically cover an end (or distal end or side) of the signal supply member 550. Accordingly, the signal supply member 550 may be integrated into the vibration generating portion 510. For example, the signal supply member 550 may be configured as a signal cable, a flexible printed circuit cable, a flexible flat cable, a single-sided flexible printed circuit board, a flexible multi-layer printed circuit, or a flexible multi-layer printed circuit board, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The signal supply member 550 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a base member 551 and a plurality of signal lines 553a and 553b. For example, the signal supply member 550 may include a base member 551, a first signal line 553a, and a second signal line 553b. For example, the base member 551 may be a cable base member, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The base member 551 may comprise a transparent or opaque plastic material, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The base member 551 may have a certain width along the first direction X, and may extend long along the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X.
The first and second signal lines 553a and 553b may be disposed at the first surface of the base member 551 in parallel to the second direction Y, and may be spaced apart from each other or electrically separated from each other in the first direction X. The first and second signal lines 553a and 553b may be disposed parallel to each other at the first surface of the base member 551. For example, the first and second signal lines 553a and 553b may be implemented in a line shape by patterning a metal layer (or a conductive layer) formed or deposited at the first surface of the base member 551.
The ends (or distal ends or one side or a portion) of the first signal line 553a and the second signal line 553b may be separated from each other, and thus may be individually bent or folded.
An end portion (or a distal end portion or a side or a portion) of the first signal line 553a may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration portion 511. For example, an end portion of the first signal line 553a may be electrically connected to at least a portion of the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration portion 511 at one peripheral portion of the first cover member 513. For example, an end (or a distal end or a side) of the first signal line 553a may be directly electrically connected to the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration part 511. For example, an end portion (or a distal end portion or a side or a portion) of the first signal line 553a may be directly connected or directly contact the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration portion 511. For example, an end portion of the first signal line 553a may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 511b through a conductive double-sided tape. Accordingly, the first signal line 553a may transmit the first driving signal supplied from the driving circuit portion to the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration portion 511.
An end portion (or a distal end portion or a side or a portion) of the second signal line 553b may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration portion 511. For example, an end portion of the second signal line 553b may be electrically connected to at least a portion of the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration portion 511 at one peripheral portion of the second cover member 515. For example, an end portion of the second signal line 553b may be directly electrically connected to at least a portion of the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration portion 511. For example, an end portion of the second signal line 553b may be directly connected or directly contact the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration portion 511. For example, an end portion of the second signal line 553b may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 511c through a conductive double-sided tape. Accordingly, the second signal line 553b may transmit the second driving signal supplied from the driving circuit portion to the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration portion 511.
The signal supply member 550 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include an insulating layer 555.
An insulating layer 555 may be provided at the first surface of the base member 551 to cover each of the first and second signal lines 553a and 553b except for an end (or a side or a portion) of the signal supply member 550.
An end (or one side or a part) of the signal supply member 550 including the end (or one side or a part) of the base member 551 and an end (or one side or a part) 555a of the insulating layer 555 may be interposed (or accommodated) between the first cover member 513 and the second cover member 515, and may be fixed between the first cover member 513 and the second cover member 515 by the first adhesive layer 517 and the second adhesive layer 519. Accordingly, an end (or one side or a part) of the first signal line 553a may remain electrically connected to the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration part 511, and an end (or one side or a part) of the second signal line 553b may remain electrically connected to the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration part 511. Further, an end (or one side or a portion) of the signal supply member 550 may be inserted (or accommodated) and fixed between the vibration part 511 and the first cover member 513, so that a contact defect (or poor connection) between the vibration generating part 510 and the signal supply member 550 caused by the movement of the signal supply member 550 may be prevented.
In the signal supply member 550 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the end (or one side or a part) of the base member 551 and the end (or one side or a part) 555a of the insulating layer 555 may be removed. For example, each of the end portion of the first signal line 553a and the end portion of the second signal line 553b may be externally exposed without being supported or covered by each of the end portion (or one side or a portion) of the base member 551 and the end portion (or one side or a portion) 555a of the insulating layer 555. For example, an end of each of the first signal line 553a and the second signal line 553b may protrude (or extend) from an end 551e of the base member 551 or an end 555e of the insulating layer 555 to have a certain length. Accordingly, each of the ends (or distal ends or one side or a portion) of the first signal line 553a and the second signal line 553b may be individually or independently bent (or folded).
An end (or a side or a part) of the first signal line 553a that is not supported by the end (or a side or a part) of the base member 551 and the end 555a of the insulating layer 555 may be directly connected to or directly contact the first electrode layer 511b of the vibration part 511. An end portion (or one side or a part) of the second signal line 553b that is not supported by the end portion (or one side or a part) of the base member 551 and the end portion (or one side or a part) 555a of the insulating layer 555 may be directly connected to or directly contact the second electrode layer 511c of the vibration part 511.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a portion of the signal supply member 550 or a portion of the base member 551 may be disposed or interposed (or accommodated) between the first cover member 513 and the second cover member 515, and thus, the signal supply member 550 may be integrated into the vibration generating portion 510 (or configured as one body with the vibration generating portion 510). Accordingly, the vibration generating portion 510 and the signal supplying member 550 may be configured as one portion (or one component), and thus a single materialization effect may be obtained.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the first signal line 553a and the second signal line 553b of the signal supply member 550 may be integrated into the vibration generating portion 510 (or configured as one body with the vibration generating portion 510), and thus, a soldering process for electrical connection between the vibration generating portion 510 and the signal supply member 550 may not be required. Accordingly, the manufacturing process and structure of the vibration generating portion 510 may be simplified, so that harmful processes may be reduced or prevented.
Fig. 25 illustrates a vibration layer according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 25 illustrates another exemplary aspect of a vibration layer according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described above with reference to fig. 22-24.
Referring to fig. 23 and 25, a vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 511a1 and a plurality of second portions 511a2. For example, the plurality of first portions 511a1 and the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be alternately and repeatedly disposed along the first direction X (or the second direction Y).
Each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may include an inorganic material having a piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric property). For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may include at least one or more of a piezoelectric inorganic material and a piezoelectric organic material. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may be an inorganic portion, an inorganic material portion, a piezoelectric material portion, or an electroactive portion, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may have a first width W1 parallel to the first direction X (or the second direction Y) and may extend along the second direction Y (or the first direction X) intersecting the first direction X (or the second direction Y). Each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may include substantially the same material as the vibration layer 511a described above with reference to fig. 22 to 24, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted.
Each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 provided at the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion 510 at the vibration apparatus 500 described above with reference to fig. 1 to 21 may be configured to have a first thickness. Each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 provided at the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion at the acoustic device 600 described above with reference to fig. 21 may be configured to have a second thickness that is the same as or different from the first thickness. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 provided at the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion 510 at the vibration device 500 may have a first thickness thicker than a second thickness of each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 provided at the vibration layer 511a of the vibration generating portion at the acoustic device 600 to generate ultrasound, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
Each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 511a 1. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 may be disposed between two adjacent second portions 511a2 of the plurality of second portions 511a 2. Each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may have a second width W2 parallel to the first direction X (or the second direction Y), and may extend along the second direction Y (or the first direction X). The first width W1 may be the same as or different from the second width W2. For example, the first width W1 may be greater than the second width W2. For example, the first portion 511a1 and the second portion 511a2 may include a line shape or a bar shape having the same size or different sizes, but are not limited thereto. Other shapes are also possible, such as zigzagged, irregular shapes, dot-like, including oval, polygonal or doughnut shapes, circular or triangular shapes, etc.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the first width W1 of the plurality of first portions 511a1 and the second width W2 of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be differently changed. For example, in the vibration layer 511a, the width W2 of each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may gradually decrease in a direction from the center portion of the vibration layer 511a to both edge portions (or both ends or both peripheral portions) thereof. For example, the second portion 511a2 having the maximum width W2 among the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be disposed at a central portion of the vibration layer 511a, and the second portion 511a2 having the minimum width W2 among the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be disposed at both edge portions of the vibration layer 511 a. Accordingly, when the vibration layer 511a vibrates in the vertical direction Z, overlapping of resonance frequencies or interference of sound waves occurring at a portion where maximum stress is concentrated (where interference between signals is highest due to overlapping of different resonance frequencies, for example) can be reduced or minimized, and thus, a drop phenomenon of sound pressure level occurring in a low-pitched vocal cord (for example, 3kHz or less) can be reduced, and flatness of sound characteristics can be improved in the low-pitched vocal cord. For example, the drop may be a phenomenon in which the sound pressure level is reduced to a specific frequency. The flatness of the sound characteristic may be the degree of deviation between the highest sound pressure level and the lowest sound pressure level at all frequencies (e.g., the flatness of the peak-to-peak value increases, or the peak-to-peak value deviation decreases).
Each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first portions 511a1 of the plurality of first portions 511a 1. Each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first portions 511a1 of the plurality of first portions 511a1, and thus may be connected or attached on a side surface of the first portion 511a1 adjacent thereto. According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 and the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be disposed (or arranged) in parallel with each other on the same plane (or the same layer). Accordingly, the vibration layer 511a may be expanded to a desired size or length by lateral coupling (or connection) of the first portion 511a1 and the second portion 511a 2.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may absorb an impact applied to the first portion 511a1, and thus may enhance durability of the first portion 511a1 and provide flexibility to the vibration layer 511 a. Each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may include an organic material having a ductile property. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may include one or more of an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, and a silicone-based polymer, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be an organic portion, an organic material portion, an adhesive portion, a tensile portion, a bending portion, a damping portion, an elastic portion, or an extensible portion, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first surfaces of each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 and the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be commonly connected to the first electrode layer 511b. The second surfaces of each of the plurality of first portions 511a1 and the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be commonly connected to the second electrode layer 511c.
The plurality of first portions 511a1 and the plurality of second portions 511a2 may be disposed at (or connected to) the same plane, and thus, the vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may realize a single thin film. Accordingly, the vibration part 511 or the vibration generating part 510 including the vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may vibrate in a vertical (or up-down) direction through the first part 511a1 having vibration characteristics, and may be bent into a curved shape through the second part 511a2 having flexibility.
Fig. 26 illustrates a vibration layer according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 26 illustrates another exemplary aspect of a vibration layer according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure described above with reference to fig. 22-24.
Referring to fig. 23 and 26, a vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 511a3 and a second portion 511a4 disposed between the plurality of first portions 511a 3.
Each of the plurality of first portions 511a3 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other along each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a3 may have a hexahedral shape of the same size and may be disposed in a lattice shape, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a3 may include a circular plate, an oval plate, or a polygonal plate having the same size as each other, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 511a3 may include a circular plate, an oval plate, or a polygonal plate having different sizes from each other.
Each of the plurality of first portions 511a3 may include substantially the same material as the first portion 511a1 described above with reference to fig. 25, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted.
The second portions 511a4 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 511a3 along each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. The second portion 511a4 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first portions 511a3 or partially or completely surround each of the plurality of first portions 511a3, and thus, the second portion 511a4 may be connected or attached to the first portion 511a3 adjacent thereto. The second portion 511a4 may be substantially the same as the second portion 511a2 described above with reference to fig. 25, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted.
The first surface of each of the plurality of first and second portions 511a3 and 511a4 may be commonly connected to the first electrode layer 511b. The second surface of each of the plurality of first and second portions 511a3 and 511a4 may be commonly connected to the second electrode layer 511c.
The plurality of first portions 511a3 and second portions 511a4 may be disposed at (or connected to) the same plane, and thus, the vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may have a single film type. Accordingly, the vibration part 511 or the vibration generating part 510 including the vibration layer 511a according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may vibrate in a vertical (or up-down) direction through the first part 511a3 having a vibration characteristic, and may be bent into a bent shape through the second part 511a4 having flexibility.
Fig. 27 illustrates a vibration generating portion according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 27 shows the vibration generating portion of the vibration device and the acoustic device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 21.
Referring to fig. 2 and 27, the vibration generating portion 510 of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include two or more vibration generating portions 510-1 and 510-2. For example, the vibration generating portion 510 may include a first vibration generating portion 510-1 and a second vibration generating portion 510-2.
The first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2 may overlap or stack with each other to be shifted (or driven or vibrated) in the same direction to maximize or increase the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 and/or the amplitude displacement of the display member 100. For example, the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2 may have substantially the same size, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2 may have substantially the same size within an error range of the manufacturing process. Accordingly, the first and second vibration generating portions 510-1 and 510-2 may maximize or increase the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 and/or the amplitude displacement of the display member 100.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, any one of the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2 may be connected or coupled to the vibration transmitting portion 530 through a connection member 560. For example, the first vibration generating portion 510-1 may be connected or coupled to the vibration transmitting portion 530 through a connection member 560.
Each of the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2 may be the same or substantially the same as the vibration generating portion 510 described above with reference to fig. 22 to 26, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted.
The vibration generating portion 510 of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may further include an intermediate adhesive member 510M.
The intermediate adhesive member 510M may be disposed or connected between the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2. For example, the intermediate adhesive member 510M may be disposed or connected between the second cover member 515 of the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the first cover member 513 of the second vibration generating portion 510-2.
The intermediate adhesive member 510M according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may be configured as a material including an adhesive layer that is good in attachment force or adhesive force with respect to each of the first vibration generating portion 510-1 and the second vibration generating portion 510-2. For example, the intermediate adhesive member 510M may include a double-sided adhesive, a foam pad, a double-sided tape, a double-sided foam pad, an adhesive, or the like, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the intermediate adhesive member 510M may include epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or polyurethane, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the intermediate adhesive member 510M may include a polyurethane-based material (or substance) having relatively ductile properties. Accordingly, vibration loss caused by displacement interference between the first and second vibration generating portions 510-1 and 510-2 may be minimized or reduced, or each of the first and second vibration generating portions 510-1 and 510-2 may be freely displaced (or vibrated or driven).
The vibration generating portion 510 of each of the vibration device 500 and the acoustic device 600 according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a first vibration generating portion 510-1 and a second vibration generating portion 510-2 stacked to vibrate (or shift or drive) in the same direction, and thus, a shift amount and/or an amplitude shift may be maximized or increased. Accordingly, the amount of displacement (or bending force) and/or the amplitude displacement of the display member 100 may be maximized or increased.
Fig. 28 illustrates a vehicle apparatus according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 28 illustrates an exemplary aspect of the display apparatus described above with reference to fig. 1 to 27 applied to a vehicle apparatus (or vehicle) according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 28, a vehicle apparatus according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may include a dashboard DB, a dashboard module IPM, and an infotainment module ITM.
The instrument panel DB may include a first region facing the driver seat DS, a second region facing the passenger seat PS, and a third region between the first region and the second region. The instrument panel DB may include a center console region between the driver seat DS and the passenger seat PS.
The dashboard module IPM may include a first display DIS1 disposed at a first region of the dashboard DB. The first display DIS1 may be a dashboard display. For example, the first display DIS1 may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, an inorganic light emitting display panel, a plasma display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, or a mini light emitting diode display panel, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The first display DIS1 may provide various information such as driving-related information, etc., such as a speed (or velocity) of the vehicle, a fuel amount, and a Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) to the driver.
The first display DIS1 may include the display device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 27, and thus, repeated description thereof is omitted. Accordingly, the first display DIS1 may be configured to display an image corresponding to information provided from the host system on the display panel. For example, one or more vibration devices 500 and/or one or more acoustic devices 600 may be configured at the rear surface of the first display DIS 1. Further, the first display DIS1 may provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation to the user based on driving (or vibration) of the vibration device when touched by the application driver (or user). Further, when the first display DIS1 includes the display device described above with reference to fig. 21, the first display DIS1 may directly output sound generated by a display member vibrated based on driving (or vibration) of an acoustic device based on sound signals provided from an audio system and/or a multimedia system to a driver.
The infotainment ITM (or infotainment system) may include one or more infotainment displays at one or more of the dashboard DB, driver's seat DS and passenger's seat PS. For example, the infotainment ITM may include one or more second displays disposed at one or more of the dashboard DB, driver seat DS, and passenger seat PS. For example, the infotainment ITM may comprise second to fifth displays DIS2 to DIS5.
The second display DIS2 may be disposed or configured at a third region of the dashboard DB. For example, the second display DIS2 may have a length enlarged toward the second area PA of the instrument panel DB. For example, the second display DIS2 may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a plasma display panel, an inorganic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, or a mini light emitting diode display panel, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The second display DIS2 may be connected to a navigation system and a convenience system including an audio system, an air conditioning system, a multimedia system, and the like, respectively, and may display various information provided from the convenience system and the navigation system.
The second display DIS2 may include the display device described above with reference to fig. 1 to 27, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Accordingly, the second display DIS2 may be configured to display various information provided from the convenience system and the navigation system on the display panel. Further, the second display DIS2 may transmit or receive image information or sound information through wireless communication with a wireless communication device of a passenger seated in the passenger seat, and may be configured to display the received image information on a display panel.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, one or more vibration devices 500 and/or one or more acoustic devices 600 may be disposed at a rear surface of the second display DIS 2. The second display DIS2 may provide the user with ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation based on driving (or vibration) of the vibration device when touched by the driver (or user). Further, when the second display DIS2 includes the display device described above with reference to fig. 21, the second display DIS2 may directly output sound generated by a display member vibrated based on driving (or vibration) of an acoustic device based on sound signals provided from an audio system and/or a multimedia system to a driver.
According to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the second display DIS2 and the first display DIS1 may be configured as one display, and may be disposed at the first and third regions of the dashboard DB, or may be disposed across the first to third regions of the dashboard DB.
The third display DIS3 may be disposed at a center control area under a third area of the instrument panel DB. For example, the third display DIS3 may be disposed under the second display DIS 2. The third display DIS3 may be disposed at a center control area, which is an area between the driver seat DS and the passenger seat PS. For example, the third display DIS3 may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a plasma display panel, an inorganic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, or a mini light emitting diode display panel, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The third display (or center control display) DIS3 may be configured to display various information provided from the convenience system. The third display DIS3 and the second display DIS2 may share various information displayed on the display panel.
The third display DIS3 may include the display apparatus described above with reference to fig. 1 to 27, and thus repeated description thereof is omitted. Accordingly, the third display DIS3 may be configured to display various information provided from the convenience system on the display panel. For example, one or more vibration devices 500 and/or one or more acoustic devices 600 may be disposed at the rear surface of the third display DIS 3. Further, the third display DIS3 may provide the user with ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation based on driving (or vibration) of the vibration device when touched by the driver (or user). Further, when the third display DIS3 includes the display device described above with reference to fig. 21, the third display DIS3 may directly output sound generated by a display member vibrated based on driving (or vibration) of an acoustic device based on sound signals provided from an audio system and/or a multimedia system to a driver.
The fourth display DIS4 may be provided or buried in the headrest of the driver seat DS. The fifth display DIS5 may be provided or buried in the headrest of the passenger seat PS. For example, the fourth display DIS4 may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a plasma display panel, an inorganic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, or a mini light emitting diode display panel, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the fifth display DIS5 may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a plasma display panel, an inorganic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, or a mini light emitting diode display panel, but exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
The fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 may include the display devices described above with reference to fig. 1 to 27, and thus, repeated descriptions thereof are omitted.
The fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 may share the functions of the second display DIS 2. Further, each of the fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 may transmit or receive image information or sound information through wireless communication with a wireless communication device of a passenger, and may display the received image information on a display panel.
According to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, one or more vibration devices 500 and/or one or more acoustic devices 600 may be disposed at a rear surface of each of the fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS 5. Further, each of the fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 may provide the user with ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation based on driving (or vibration) of the vibration device when the driver (or user) touch is applied. Further, when the fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 include the display device described above with reference to fig. 21, each of the fourth display DIS4 and the fifth display DIS5 may directly output sound generated by a display member vibrated based on driving (or vibration) of an acoustic device based on sound signals provided from an audio system and/or a multimedia system to a driver.
The vehicle apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may provide ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic tactile sensation to the user when the user touch is applied to each of the first to fifth displays DIS1 to DIS5, may use each of the first to fifth displays DIS1 to DIS5 as a speaker for sound output, and may provide 2-channel or more stereophonic sound to the driver and/or passenger by using sound generated (or output) from each of the first to fifth displays DIS1 to DIS 5.
Fig. 29 illustrates frequency-based displacement of a display device according to an experimental example and frequency-based displacement of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 29, a broken line represents a frequency-based displacement of the display device according to an experimental example, a thin solid line represents a frequency-based displacement of the display device including the vibration transmitting portion described above with reference to fig. 2 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, and a thick solid line represents a frequency-based displacement of the display device including the vibration transmitting portion described above with reference to fig. 11 according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. The display device according to the experimental example may include a vibration device directly connected to a display member without a vibration transmitting part according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 29, the horizontal axis represents frequency (kHz) and the vertical axis represents displacement (μm).
As shown in fig. 29, each of the thin solid line and the thick solid line can be seen to have a relatively high displacement as compared with the broken line.
Accordingly, the display apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may transmit the vibration of the vibration generating portion to the display member through the vibration transmitting portion, and thus, compared to the display apparatus according to the experimental example, which does not include the vibration transmitting portion, the display apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may increase the vibration displacement to increase the intensity of the ultrasonic wave generated based on the vibration of the display member. Accordingly, the display apparatus according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may increase (or maximize) a squeeze film effect generated based on vibration of the display member, thereby enhancing user recognition of virtual textures and/or ultrasonic vibration or ultrasonic touch.
Fig. 30A to 30F illustrate vibration fields corresponding to vibration displacements of display members in a display device according to an experimental example and a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.
In fig. 30A to 30F, the right side of the drawing shows the vibration displacement. For example, the case (Min) where the vibration displacement is low may be shown in blue (or black), and the case (Max) where the vibration displacement is high may be shown in yellow (or gray).
Fig. 30A illustrates a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of a display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device according to an experimental example that does not include a vibration transmitting portion according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 30.6 kHz. Fig. 30B shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 22.1 kHz. Fig. 30C shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 24.4 kHz. Fig. 30D shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 42.8 kHz. Fig. 30E shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 30.7 kHz. Fig. 30F shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 37.5 kHz. The driving frequency of the vibration device does not limit the description of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 30A, in the display device according to the experimental example, it can be seen that as the vibration of the vibration generating portion is transmitted to the entire area of the display member, the vibration displacement of the display member is relatively low in the entire area. For example, the vibration field of the vibration member based on the vibration displacement may be shown in blue (or black).
As shown in fig. 30B to 30F, in the display device according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, it can be seen that the ratio (or area) of the region having the relatively high vibration displacement increases in the entire region of the display member. For example, in the display apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, it can be seen that, based on the vibration mode shape of the display member based on the position of each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members, the vibration of the vibration generating portion is partially (or partially) transmitted to the display member through the plurality of vibration transmitting members separated from each other, and the vibration displacement of the display member is increased as compared with the experimental example. For example, referring to fig. 30B to 30F, the vibration field of the vibration member based on the vibration displacement may be shown in yellow (or gray) at blue (or black).
In the display device including the vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion may be converted into the out-of-plane vibration mode by the vibration transmitting portion and may be transmitted to the display member 100, and thus, the vibration displacement of the display member may be increased and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave generated based on the vibration of the display member may be increased (or maximized). Accordingly, a display device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure may enhance user recognition of virtual textures and/or ultrasonic vibrations or ultrasonic haptics.
Fig. 31A to 31C illustrate vibration fields corresponding to vibration displacements of a display member in a display device including vibration transmitting portions according to fourth and fifth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure.
In fig. 31A to 31C, the right side of the drawing shows the vibration displacement. For example, the case (Min) where the vibration displacement is low may be shown in blue (or black), and the case (Max) where the vibration displacement is high may be shown in yellow (or gray).
Fig. 31A shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of a display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the fourth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 39.1 kHz. Fig. 31B shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the fifth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 32.1 kHz. Fig. 31C shows a vibration field corresponding to a vibration displacement of the display member in the case of driving (or vibrating) a vibration device including a vibration transmitting portion according to the fifth exemplary aspect of the present disclosure at a frequency of 40.7 kHz. The driving frequency of the vibration device does not limit the description of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 31A to 31C, in the display device according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, it can be seen that the ratio (or area) of the region having a relatively high vibration displacement in the entire region of the display member is greatly increased as compared to the experimental example shown in fig. 30A. For example, referring to fig. 31A to 31C, it can be seen that as the ratio of yellow (or gray) increases, the vibration field of the vibration member based on the vibration displacement shows a high vibration displacement.
In the display apparatus including the vibration transmitting portion according to the fourth and fifth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion may be converted into the out-of-plane vibration mode by the vibration transmitting portion and may be transmitted to the display member 100, and thus, the vibration displacement of the display member may be increased and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave generated based on the vibration of the display member may be increased (or maximized). Accordingly, the display device including the vibration transmitting portion according to the fourth and fifth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may enhance the user's recognition of the virtual texture and/or the ultrasonic vibration or the ultrasonic tactile sensation.
Fig. 32 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device based on a size of a vibration layer among vibration devices of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 32, a thick solid line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device including a vibration layer having a size of 25mm×25mm, and a broken line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device including a vibration layer having a size of 30mm×30 mm. In fig. 32, the horizontal axis represents frequency (kHz) and the vertical axis represents impedance (Ohm) of the vibration generating portion. The size of the vibration layer does not limit the description of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 32, it can be seen that the lowest impedance in the thick solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the broken line. For example, the lowest impedance in the thick solid line may be about 66kHz, and the lowest impedance in the dashed line may be about 59kHz. Thus, it can be seen that the lowest impedance of the vibration device increases as the size of the vibration layer decreases. Accordingly, the resonance frequency of the vibration device may increase as the size of the vibration layer decreases based on the lowest impedance. Accordingly, the size of the vibration layer of the vibration device according to the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be set to correspond to the resonance frequency of the display member (or the vibration object), and the frequency of the ultrasonic haptic sensation or the ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized.
Fig. 33 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device based on thickness T4 of the base member 1531 illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 among vibration devices of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 33, a thick solid line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the base member having a thickness of 0.5mm, a thin solid line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the base member having a thickness of 1mm, and a broken line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the base member having a thickness of 1.5mm. In fig. 33, the horizontal axis represents frequency (kHz) and the vertical axis represents impedance (Ohm) of the vibration generating portion.
As shown in fig. 33, it can be seen that the lowest impedance in the thin solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the broken line, and the lowest impedance in the thick solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the thin solid line. For example, the lowest impedance in the thick solid line may be about 59.5kHz, the lowest impedance in the thin solid line may be about 57kHz, and the lowest impedance in the dashed line may be about 54.5kHz. Therefore, it can be seen that the lowest impedance of the vibration device increases as the thickness of the base member of the vibration transmitting portion decreases. Accordingly, the resonance frequency of the vibration device can be increased as the thickness of the base member of the vibration transmitting portion is reduced based on the lowest impedance. Accordingly, in the vibration apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the thickness of the base member of the vibration transmitting portion may be set to correspond to the resonance frequency of the display member (or the vibration object), and the frequency of the ultrasonic tactile sensation or the ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized.
Fig. 34 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device based on the height (H2) of the vibration transmitting portion 1433 illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 among vibration devices of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 34, a thick solid line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration apparatus including the vibration transmitting member having a height of 1mm, a thin solid line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration apparatus including the vibration transmitting member having a height of 2mm, and a broken line shows the impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration apparatus including the vibration transmitting member having a height of 3 mm. In fig. 34, the horizontal axis represents frequency (kHz) and the vertical axis represents impedance (Ohm) of the vibration generating portion.
As shown in fig. 34, it can be seen that the lowest impedance in the thin solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the broken line, and the lowest impedance in the thick solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the thin solid line. For example, the lowest impedance in the thick solid line may be about 57kHz, the lowest impedance in the thin solid line may be about 54kHz, and the lowest impedance in the dashed line may be about 52.5kHz. Therefore, it can be seen that the lowest impedance of the vibration device increases as the height of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion decreases. Accordingly, the resonance frequency of the vibration device may increase as the height of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion decreases based on the lowest impedance. Accordingly, in the vibration apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the height of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion may be set to correspond to the resonance frequency of the display member (or the vibration object), and the frequency of the ultrasonic touch or ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized.
Fig. 35 illustrates impedance with respect to frequency of a vibration device based on the width W1 of the vibration transfer member 1533 illustrated in fig. 13 to 18 among vibration devices of a display device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. In fig. 35, a broken line shows impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the vibration transmitting member having a width of 2mm, a thin solid line shows impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the vibration transmitting member having a width of 3mm, and a thick solid line shows impedance with respect to frequency of the vibration device including the vibration transmitting member having a width of 4 mm. In fig. 35, the horizontal axis represents frequency (kHz) and the vertical axis represents impedance (Ohm) of the vibration generating portion.
As shown in fig. 35, it can be seen that the lowest impedance in the thin solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the broken line, and the lowest impedance in the thick solid line is higher than the lowest impedance in the thin solid line. For example, the lowest impedance in the thick solid line may be about 59.6kHz, the lowest impedance in the thin solid line may be about 58.1kHz, and the lowest impedance in the dashed line may be about 57kHz. Therefore, it can be seen that the lowest impedance of the vibration device increases as the width of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion increases. Accordingly, the resonance frequency of the vibration device can be increased with an increase in the width of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion based on the lowest impedance. Accordingly, in the vibration apparatus according to the exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the width of the vibration transmitting member of the vibration transmitting portion may be set to correspond to the resonance frequency of the display member (or the vibration object), and the frequency of the ultrasonic touch or ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized.
Thus, according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, one or more of the size of the vibration layer, the material and thickness of the base member constituting the vibration transmitting portion, and the material, height, and width of the vibration transmitting member may be adjusted (or changed) to correspond to the resonance frequency of the display member (or the vibration object), and thus, the frequency of the ultrasonic tactile sensation or the ultrasonic vibration may be optimized or maximized.
A vibration device according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a display device including the vibration device, and a vehicle device including the vibration device are described below.
A vibration apparatus according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may include a metal material or a plastic material.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration apparatus may further include an adhesive member between the vibration generating portion and each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to have a linear shape.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may include at least one or more transmitting portions.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion may include a first vibration transmitting member connected to a peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion, and a second vibration transmitting member connected to a central portion of the vibration generating portion and surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the second vibration transmitting member may be connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the base member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the first vibration transmitting member and the second vibration transmitting member may have the same center point.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members may include at least one or more transmitting portions.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion may further include a base member between the vibration generating portion and the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the base member and the plurality of vibration transmitting members may include a metal material or a plastic material.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may protrude from the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration apparatus may further include an adhesive member between the vibration generating portion and the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to have a linear shape.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may include at least one or more transmitting portions.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion may include a first vibration transmitting member connected to a peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion, and a second vibration transmitting member connected to a central portion of the base member and surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the second vibration transmitting member may be connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the base member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the first vibration transmitting member and the second vibration transmitting member may have the same center point.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the first and second vibration transmitting members may include at least one or more transmitting portions.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion may further include a base member between the vibration generating portion and the plurality of vibration transmitting members and an adhesive member between the base member and each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, at least one of a material, an area, and a thickness of the base member may be configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of the vibration object.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the size of the vibration layer of the vibration generating portion may be configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of the vibration object.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, at least one of a material, a height, and a width of the vibration transmitting member may be configured to correspond to a resonance frequency of the vibration object.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to include a different material than the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to include a material having a stiffness greater than that of the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to have a different thickness than the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the base member may include a metallic material or a plastic material. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may include a metallic material or a plastic material different from the base member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration transmitting portion may further include a first connection portion provided at the base member and a second connection portion provided at each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members corresponding to the first connection portion.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the first connection portion may include a groove. The second connection portion may include a protrusion received in the groove.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration generating portion may include a first cover member, a second cover member, and a vibration portion between the first cover member and the second cover member, the vibration portion including a piezoelectric material.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration part may include a vibration layer, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. Each of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may be disposed at other portions of the vibration layer than the peripheral portion.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration generating part may further include a signal supply member electrically connected to the vibration part. A portion of the signal supply member may be accommodated between the first cover member and the second cover member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the signal supply member may be integrated into the vibration generating portion.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration generating portion may include a first vibration generating portion, a second vibration generating portion stacked on the first vibration generating portion, and an intermediate adhesive member between the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion. One of the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion may be connected to the vibration transmitting portion.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the first and second vibration generating portions may include a first cover member, a second cover member, and a vibration portion between the first and second cover members, the vibration portion including a piezoelectric material.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, each of the first vibration generating portion and the second vibration generating portion may further include a signal supply member electrically connected to the vibration portion. A portion of the signal supply member may be accommodated between the first cover member and the second cover member.
A display device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include a display member configured to display an image, one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member, and a connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices. The one or more vibration generating devices may comprise a vibration device. The vibration apparatus may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, one or more vibration generating devices may be driven simultaneously.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the one or more vibration generating devices may vibrate the display member according to the driving signal to generate ultrasonic vibrations at a surface of the display member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the driving signal may be an amplitude modulated signal of an ultrasonic signal based on a low frequency signal.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the low frequency signal may have one or more frequencies of 100Hz to 600 Hz.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the vibration device may be coupled to the rear surface of the display member through an air gap between the vibration device and the rear surface of the display member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, a display member may include a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image and a touch panel coupled to the display panel.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the display member may include a front member, a display panel at a rear surface of the front member, and a touch panel between the front member and the display panel, the display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the display device may further include an acoustic device including one or more sound generating devices configured to vibrate the display member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the one or more sound generating apparatuses may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members configured to transmit vibrations of the vibration generating portion to the display member.
According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, a thickness of the vibration layer of the vibration device included in the display device may be greater than a thickness of the vibration layer of the vibration generating portion of the acoustic device.
A vehicle device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may include an instrument panel, an instrument panel module at the instrument panel, a driver seat, a passenger seat, and an infotainment module at one or more of the instrument panel, the driver seat, and the passenger seat, the instrument panel module including a first display, the infotainment module including one or more second displays. One or more of the first display and the one or more second displays may include a display member configured to display an image, one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member, and a connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices. The one or more vibration generating devices may comprise a vibration device. The vibration apparatus may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members may be configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the one or more vibration generating devices may vibrate the display member according to the driving signal to generate ultrasonic vibrations at a surface of the display member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the driving signal may be an amplitude modulated signal of an ultrasonic signal based on a low frequency signal.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, a display member may include a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image and a touch panel coupled to the display panel.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the display member may include a front member, a display panel at a rear surface of the front member, and a touch panel between the front member and the display panel, the display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, one or more of the first display and the one or more second displays may further include an acoustic device including one or more sound generating devices configured to vibrate the display member.
According to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, the one or more sound generating apparatuses may include a vibration generating portion and a vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members configured to transmit vibrations of the vibration generating portion to the display member.
A vibration device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to or included in an acoustic device provided in a device or a display device. A vibration device or display device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to or included in a mobile device, a video phone, a smart watch, a watch phone, a wearable device, a foldable device, a rollable device, a bendable device, a flexible device, a curved device, a sliding device, a variable device, an electronic organizer, an electronic book, a Portable Multimedia Player (PMP), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), an MP3 player, an ambulatory medical device, a desktop Personal Computer (PC), a laptop PC, a netbook computer, a workstation, a navigation device, a car display device, a car device, a theatre display device, a TV, a wallpaper display device, a signage device, a game machine, a notebook computer, a monitor, a camera, a camcorder, a home appliance, and the like. Further, the vibration device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to or included in an organic light emitting lighting device or an inorganic light emitting lighting device. When the vibration device is applied to or included in a lighting device, the lighting device may function as a lighting and a speaker. Further, when the vibration device according to one or more exemplary aspects of the present disclosure is applied to or included in a mobile device or the like, the vibration device or the acoustic device may be one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptic apparatus, but the exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the vibration device of the present disclosure, the display device including the vibration device, and the vehicle device including the display device without departing from the technical spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it is intended that the present disclosure cover the modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Cross Reference to Related Applications
The present application claims the benefits and priorities of korean patent application No.10-2023-0012116, filed on 1 month 30 of 2023, and korean patent application No.10-2023-0180285, filed on 12 months 13 of 2023, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes as if fully set forth herein.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration apparatus, the vibration apparatus comprising:
A vibration generating section; and
A vibration transmitting portion coupled to the vibration generating portion, the vibration transmitting portion including a plurality of vibration transmitting members spaced apart from each other,
Wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members is configured to convert an in-plane vibration mode of the vibration generating portion into an out-of-plane vibration mode.
2. The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members comprises a metallic material or a plastic material.
3. The vibration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive member located between the vibration generating portion and each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
4. The vibration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes a linear shape.
5. The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of vibration transmitting members includes at least one or more transmitting portions.
6. The vibration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibration transmitting portion includes:
a first vibration transmission member connected to a peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion; and
A second vibration transmitting member connected to an intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the vibration generating portion and surrounded by the first vibration transmitting member.
7. The vibration apparatus of claim 6, wherein each of the first and second vibration transmitting members includes at least one or more transmitting portions.
8. The vibration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibration transmitting portion further includes a base member between the vibration generating portion and the plurality of vibration transmitting members.
9. A display device, the display device comprising:
a display member configured to display an image;
one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member; and
A connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices,
Wherein the one or more vibration generating devices comprise a vibration device according to one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vehicle apparatus, the vehicle apparatus comprising:
A dashboard;
A dashboard module at the dashboard, the dashboard module comprising a first display;
a driver seat;
A passenger seat; and
An infotainment module at one or more of the dashboard, the driver's seat, and the passenger seat, the infotainment module including one or more second displays,
Wherein one or more of the first display and the one or more second displays comprise:
a display member configured to display an image;
one or more vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display member; and
A connection member between the display member and the one or more vibration generating devices, and
Wherein the one or more vibration generating devices comprise a vibration device according to one of claims 1 to 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2023-0012116 | 2023-01-30 | ||
| KR1020230180285A KR20240119827A (en) | 2023-01-30 | 2023-12-13 | Vibration apparatus and display apparatus and vehicular apparatus comprising the same |
| KR10-2023-0180285 | 2023-12-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118404985A true CN118404985A (en) | 2024-07-30 |
Family
ID=91988739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410111863.XA Pending CN118404985A (en) | 2023-01-30 | 2024-01-26 | Vibration device, display device including the same, and vehicle device including the vibration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118404985A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-01-26 CN CN202410111863.XA patent/CN118404985A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US12039101B2 (en) | Vibration generation device, and display apparatus and vehicle comprising the same | |
| CN111276062B (en) | Display device | |
| CN113963635B (en) | Display apparatus | |
| CN112995857B (en) | Display device | |
| US20220371051A1 (en) | Apparatus | |
| EP4114037A2 (en) | Sound apparatus and sound system including the same | |
| US20240056712A1 (en) | Display apparatus and vehicle including the same | |
| KR20200083208A (en) | Vibration generation device, display apparatus and vehicle comprising the same | |
| CN118404985A (en) | Vibration device, display device including the same, and vehicle device including the vibration device | |
| US20240264676A1 (en) | Vibration apparatus, display apparatus including the same, and vehicular apparatus including the vibration apparatus | |
| US20240256045A1 (en) | Vibration apparatus, display apparatus including the same, and vehicular apparatus including the display apparatus | |
| KR20240119827A (en) | Vibration apparatus and display apparatus and vehicular apparatus comprising the same | |
| US20240179457A1 (en) | Apparatus | |
| US20240007795A1 (en) | Apparatus | |
| US20240223963A1 (en) | Apparatus | |
| KR20230103733A (en) | Vibration apparatus and apparatus comprsing the same | |
| CN118250620A (en) | Sound equipment | |
| CN118283508A (en) | Sound equipment | |
| CN116419130A (en) | Device, display device and vehicle | |
| CN116419129A (en) | Vibration device and device comprising a vibration device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |